基本翻译技巧1

2. 动词短语
宾语) (逻辑主语)+ (状语)+ 动词 + (宾语) 逻辑主语)+ 状语)+ 宾语补足语) 状语) + (宾语补足语) + (状语)
妥善处理 To handle properly; to properly handle 达到了增进了解,扩大共识,发展合作,共创未来的 目的 To have achieved the goal of enhanced mutual understanding, a broader consensus, developing cooperation and jointly building the future 缓解和克服亚洲金融危机,制止南亚核军备竞赛和维 护朝鲜半岛的稳定 To alleviate and overcome the financial crisis in Asia, to stop the nuclear arms race in South Asia and to maintain the stability of the Korean Peninsular 在中美三个联合公报的原则基础上发展两国关系 To develop bilateral relations on the basis of the principles set down in the three Sino-American joint communiqués
两国发展关系的基本原则 The basic principles to develop our bilateral relations 从现实出发得出的结论 A conclusion drawn from the reality 两国一度遇到挫折的关系 Relationship between the two countries that had suffered from setbacks 必须是主权国家才能参加的国际组织 International organizations that only sovereign states can join International organizations exclusive to sovereign states
Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu
①For this reason, our company explained② solemnly③to your company④many times⑤in February⑥last year. 我公司①为此⑥于去年⑤二月②郑重的④多次③ 我公司①为此⑥于去年⑤二月②郑重的④多次③ 向贵公司表示. 向贵公司表示. 英语原文状语的词序: 英语原文状语的词序: ①目的状语,☆主语,★谓语 谓语,②方式状语,③ 谓语 指涉状语,④频度状语,⑤时间状语中的月份, ⑥时间状语中的年份 汉语译文状语的词序: 汉语译文状语的词序: ☆主语,①目的状语,⑥时间状语中的年份,⑤ 时间状语中的月份,②方式状语,④频度状语, ③指涉状语,★谓语 谓语
英汉在定语语序上的差异
He witnessed ① the sixth ② post-war③ economic crisis④ of serious consequence⑤ that prevailed in various fields ⑥ in the USA. 他亲眼目睹了⑥美国 ② 战后 ① 第六次 ④ 后果严重的 美国 经济危机. ⑤ 波及各领域的 ③ 经济危机 英语原文定语的词序: 英语原文定语的词序: ①次第定语,②时间定语,③本质性定语,★中心词 中心词, 中心词 ④判断性定语,⑤陈述性定语,⑥国别定语 汉语译文定语的词序: 汉语译文定语的词序: ⑥国别定语,②时间定语,①次第定语,④判断性定语, ⑤陈述性定语,③本质性定语,★中心词 中心词 汉语没有后置定语. 注:汉语没有后置定语.
动词短语(以及句子) 动词短语(以及句子)转换为名词 短语
为两国关系的顺利发展注入了新的活力 To inject new force into the smooth development of the bilateral relations → The injection of new force into … 两国实行同样的人口政策 The two countries adopt the same population policy. → Adoption of the same population policy by the two countries
英语多项状语的词 序一般为: 序一般为:
汉语多项状语的 词序一般为: 词序一般为: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 主语 目的状语 时间状语 条件状语 方式状语 频度状语 程度状语 谓语 宾语
1.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
条件状语 目的状语 主语 程度状语 谓语 方式状语 频度状语 时间状语 宾语
3.中美两国人民的友好交往,已有两百多年历史. The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American peoples enjoy a history of more than two hundred years. The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American peoples date back to more than two hundred years ago. The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American peoples started more than two hundred years ago. The Chinese and American peoples started the friendly exchanges more than two hundred years ago. The Chinese and American peoples have enjoyed the friendly exchanges for more than two hundred years.
英语中的定语词序 1. 冠词,指示代词,不 冠词,指示代词, 定代词,名词所有格, 定代词,名词所有格, 序量词 2. 表达主观判断的定语 3. 描述客观表象的定语 4. 国别定语 5. 原材质料定语 6. 用途定语 7. 中心词 8. 词组或句子定语
汉语中的定语词序 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 限定性定语 国别定语 时间, 时间,地点定语 数量,种类, 数量,种类,次第等定语 判断性定语 陈述性定语 本质性定语 中心词
对译要求译者具备四个方面基本功: 对译要求译者具备四个方面基本功
词汇 短语 句子 语法
英语短语的基本组成规则及其翻译
1.名词短语 名词短语 定语)+名词+(定语) )+名词+(定语 (定语)+名词+(定语) 短语或从句】 【单词】 单词】 【短语或从句】 先找到中心词译出,再把定语按照单词在 先找到中心词译出, 短语和从句在后的顺序加上去. 前,短语和从句在后的顺序加上去. 名词,形容词做定语一般前置;名词做定 名词,形容词做定语一般前置; 语也可变为of等 名词后置 名词后置. 语也可变为 等+名词后置.
我感谢陆校长的邀请,使我有机会在这美好的金 秋时节,来到你们这座美国古老而又现代化的学 府. I wish to thank President Lu for inviting me (for his invitation, which gives me an opportunity to visit/which makes it possible for me to visit / which enables me to visit ) to this ancient yet modernized institution of the United States in this golden fall.
殷商时代的甲骨文中就有日月之食的记载. There is something in some place There are records of solar and lunar eclipses in the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty. Records of solar and lunar eclipses are found in the inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells of the Shang Dynasty over 3,000 years ago. 中美首脑互访对中美关系具有什么重要意义? 什么重要意义(宾语)+ 中美首脑互访(主语)+ 具 有(谓语动词)+对中美关系 (状语) What significance does the exchange of visits have on Sino-US relations?
第一批美国大学 the first American university 第一批接受中国留学生的美国大学 the first American university to accept Chinese students 你们这座美国古老而又现代化的学府 This ancient yet modernized institution of the United States 永不满足的精神 The spirit of no complacency 在人权,贸易等领域的分歧 The disputes in human rights and trade areas 上世纪末中美关系中的大事 A big event in the Sino-US relations at the end of last century
对译
1.美国是最发达的资本主义国家,中国是最大的发 展中国家. 2. 中美建交以来,我们两国人民之间的相互交流与 了解在逐渐扩大和加深,但还不够. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and the U.S., the exchanges and mutual understanding between our two peoples have broadened and deepened steadily. However, (this) is not enough.
完整句子对译
抓住主干 搭好架子 添加细节 注意动词句型的运用
中国进入百年来发展最快最好的历史时期. China has entered a period with the fastest and healthiest development in this century. 今天,专心致志进行现代化建设的中国人民, 更需要有一个长期的和平国际环境和良好的周 边环境. Today, the Chinese people who are committed to modernization need more than ever a longterm international environment of peace and a favorable neighboring environment. 我们决不会把自己曾经遭受欺凌的苦难加之于 人. We will never impose the kind of sufferings we once experienced upon others.