化工专业英语复习

有机化学：

alkane , “-ene”、“-yne”、“-ol”、“-al”、“-yl” , aldehyde, amide, ether, ester, ketone, alcohol, carboxylic acid, acetic acid, acid chloride

carbon, hydrocarbon, carbohydrate, Lewis acid, Lewis base, amine, ammonium, Grignard reagent, carbonium ion, carbonyl, benzene, hydroxyl, functional group, homologue, homologous, heteroatom, organometallic

isomer, stereochemistry, stereoisomer, optically active, optical rotation, conformational isomer, eclipsed conformation, staggered conformation

isolation, reflux, evaporation, filtration, crystallisation, extraction, distillation, residue, by-product, dehydrate

nucleophilic, electrophilic, addition, substitution, electronegativity

aliphatic, aromatic,

derivative, be derived from, parent member

bond angle, single bond, double bond, triple bond, cis, trans, localized, delocalized, resonance, intermediate, polarize, orbital

无机化学:

oxide, hydroxide, carbon dioxide, halide,

-ate(carbonate, nitrate, sulphate)

-ium(lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum)

zinc, copper, iron

oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, neutralization, decomposition

acid, oxyacid, hydrochloric acid, hydroiodic acid, hydrobromic acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid，nitric acid

base, alkali, alkali-earth

hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, halogen

sp3-hybridized, formula,

物理化学:

intermolecular, intramolecular,

thermodynamics, exothermic, endothermic, law, constant, kinetics, rate coefficient, plot A against B, slope, reciprocal, mechanism, order, pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, crystal, amorphous, phase, interfacial, interfacial tension,

solute, solvent, dissolve, soluble ,solubility, capillary, saturation, aqueous

equilibrium, forward, backward, reversible, irreversible,

hydrophilic, hydrophobic, amphiphilic, lipophilic, surfactant, cationic, anionic, non-ionic, positive ion, negative ion, saponification, water-in-oil, oil-in-water, contact angle, wet, emulsifier, emulsion, suspension

starch, preservative, zeolite, degradable, adsorption

homogeneous, heterogeneous,

分析化学:

titration, analyte, titrant, standard solution, indicator, complexometric, precipitation, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

qualitative analysis, quantitative analysis

equimolar, molarity, concentration, stoichiometric,

dilute, chelating agent

spectroscopy, spectrum, mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance

高分子化学:

macromolecule, polymer, dimer, trimer, tetramer, polysaccharide, addition polymer, condensation polymer, liner polymer, net-work polymer, cross-linked polymer

化工:

conduction, convention, countercurrent, co-current, batch process

翻译练习—单词

（一）单词的增译及省译

1.Practically all substance expand when heated and contract when cooled.

实际上一切物质都是热胀冷缩的。(省译“when, and, when”)

anic compounds are usually volatile and possess low melting points.

有机化合物通常容易挥发且熔点较低。(省译动词“possess”)

3.Being stable in air at ordinary temperature ,mercury combines with oxygen if heated.

水银常温下在空气中是稳定的，但如果加热时，它会与氧化合。(增译“但”)