文化教育类(4级)

文化教育类（快速阅读）【4级巅峰阅读】

Bullying Is Common Among School Children

What your son is describing is bullying,plain and simple.Although it is late in the school year,you should take action by reassuring your son that he did nothing to bring this on and that you will help him.Many parents,unfortunately,think that bullying and being bullied are rites of passage,something all kids endure at some point in their lives just like suffering through boring assembles and bad cafeteria food.But bullying is not,and should not be,considered a normal part of growing up.

Studies done in Norway show that bullying is most common in the younger age groups but is still present even in the mid-teens.The percent of children who are bullied ranges from 17% in the second grade to about 5% in the ninth grade.A recent survey in the United States shows that 10% of children reported being bullied.This survey was limited to sixth through tenth graders.

What Is Bullying

Bullying involves intentional and repeated actions and words designed to intimidate or hurt another person.There is usually an imbalance of power,either physical or psychological,between the perpetrator (作恶者) and his or her victim.Occasional name calling or shoving are not considered bullying because they are usually not repetitive events.On the other hand,if a child is on the receiving end of taunts (嘲弄) and name calling by any persons regularly,then that is considered bullying.Physical aggression,social alienation (疏远),verbal aggression,and intimidation are the four main categories of bullying.

Many parents are shocked when they find out their child has been the victim of a bully,and a few parents are shocked to find out that their child has been a bully.Victims tend to be more passive,anxious,and insecure than non-victims and to have more negative views of themselves.A small percentage of victims are termed“provocative”because they are both anxious and aggressive,often seeki ng the attention of the perpetrator.

The bullies,by comparison,tend to be aggressive children and frequently lack empathy for others.Bullies usually have a positive self-image and a desire to be in control.The bully cherishes power.The cherished myth of the bully as a loner (孤独的人) with a poor self-image seeking to support his own self-worth by attacking others didn’t hold up to scrutiny (详细审查) of scientific study.Of course,there will always be victims and perpetrators who do not fit these profiles!Any child can be a bully,and any child can be bullied if the circumstances are right.

Although bullying is common,studies report that only half the children report what is happening to a parent,and even fewer to a teacher.Few adults witness the