house price1
关于房子的英文单词
关于房子的英文单词篇一：与房子有关的英语词汇 与房子有关的英语词汇 Renting 租房landlord 房东 rent 房租 House Leasing Contract deposit 定金 furnished house/ apartment unfurnished house/ apartment a vacant room/ a spare room single room 单人间 double room 双人间 utilities flatmate房屋合同有家具的房子 / 公寓 无家具的房子 / 公寓 空房lettingagency 房屋中介 agency fee 中介费home stay 寄宿家庭，指和房东住在一起，由房东提供 食宿） university accommodation 学校宿舍（住在大学提供 的宿舍里） private accommodation 私人住房 Room （房间） cozy 温馨的living room/lounge 起居室 ；客厅 bedroom 卧室 main bedroom主卧 carpet 地毯 coffee table （置于沙发前的）茶几 armchair 单人沙发 sofa 沙发 remote control 遥控器 radiator 暖气片 centralheating 中央供暖 fridge/ freezer冰箱水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用 合住一套公寓的人；合租者kettle 电烧水壶stool 厨房高脚椅oven 烤箱dishwasher 洗碗机tap 水龙头sink 洗碗池cupboard 橱柜shower 淋浴/ 冲凉bath 浴缸bathroom 卫生间main bathroom 主卫toilet 马桶Buy a （an）flat/ apartment 买房real estate 房地产mortgage 按揭（指向银行借长期抵押贷款，用来买房子）down payment 首付completed apartment/flat 现房（指已建好供销售的房子）forward housing delivery 期房resold apartment 二手房affordable housing 经济适用房housing price 房价semi-detached house 半独立式房子（一栋房子从中间隔开，成为两户人家，花园也用篱笆隔开）detached house 独立式房子（一家拥有）terraced houses/ row houses 连栋房屋（互相连接的一排房屋；两幢之间只有一层墙壁相隔）fence 篱笆front door 房子前门garage 车库driveway 车库通向马路的空地Flat/Apartment 公寓）block of flats 公寓楼ground floor 第一层first floor 第二层lift/elevator 电梯stairs 楼梯steps 楼外的台阶balcony 阳台篇二：和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词梁beam 檐口eave 窗台window sillarch 拱vault 穹顶ogive 葱形饰; 尖形拱顶facade 侧面frontispiece 三角墙, 山墙column 柱pilaster 壁柱, 半露柱pediment 山墙饰, 山花fronton 山墙ground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层（美作:first floor）stair well楼梯间lift shaft电梯, 升降梯( 美作:elevator shaft) fire escape防火梯staircase楼梯lift 电梯美作:elevator)goods lift公务电梯( 美作:freight elevator) central heating暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned带空调的flooring (一块）地板floorboard地板（总称）parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall承重墙partition wall隔断墙plastering抹灰skirting board壁脚板flat套( 美作:apartment)2016 全新精品资料-全新公文范文-全程指导写–独家原创S :θβpμ :>M !SΘABΘ :(^)fMOpuiM : H團!∣∏sMOPUIM :呂團t PIOMSΘJ屮：計LIt sβuιp∣ιnq∕θsnoq :雪皆≡WS t^⅛MSW r WS POJuepjeβ jooj Joo」Ielj6UI∣!Θ□θdιduιejp耿W弭」θμnβθ□e∣dθjy≡≡XeuujiqoM∣⅛'cL210UJOOJqJeq丄f¥ tθBuno∣UJOOJ6UIΛI∣Xf^ UJ00」6uιuιp≡≡UolP 羽⅛fe∣⅛ΘJJB Bt□ιμefW f»OSnO 屮UodjuθuuθseqS MOPUlM ≡≡⅜M≡θpe□ej 翌θ∣∏ jOOJ tθ∣∏側禺MSeMθi∣qM Ot顶：roof/housetop; 梁：roof beamC 篇三：与房屋有关英语词汇与房屋有关的词汇House （房子）semi-detached house 半独立式房子（一栋房子从中间隔开，成为两户人家，花园也用篱笆隔开）detached house 独立式房子（一家拥有）terraced houses/ row houses 连栋房屋（互相连接的一排房屋；两幢之间只有一层墙壁相隔） fence 篱笆front door 房子前门garage 车库driveway 车库通向马路的空地Flat/Apartment （公寓） block of flats 公寓楼ground floor 第一层first floor 第二层lift/elevator 电梯stairs 楼梯steps 楼外的台阶balcony 阳台Renting （租房）landlord 房东rent 房租House Leasing Contract 房屋合同deposit 定金furnished house/ apartment 有家具的房子/ 公寓unfurnished house/ apartment 无家具的房子/ 公寓a vacant room/ a spare room 空房single room 单人间double room 双人间utilities 水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用flatmate 合住一套公寓的人；合租者letting agency 房屋中介agency fee 中介费home stay 寄宿家庭，指和房东住在一起，由房东提供食宿）university accommodation 学校宿舍（住在大学提供的宿舍里）private accommodation 私人住房Room （房间） cozy 温馨的living room/lounge 起居室；客厅bedroom 卧室main bedroom 主卧carpet 地毯coffee table （置于沙发前的）茶几armchair 单人沙发remote control 遥控器radiator 暖气片central heating 中央供暖fridge/ freezer 冰箱kettle 电烧水壶stool 厨房高脚椅oven 烤箱dishwasher 洗碗机tap 水龙头sink 洗碗池cupboard 橱柜shower 淋浴/ 冲凉bath 浴缸bathroom 卫生间main bathroom 主卫toilet 马桶Buy a （an）flat/ apartment 买房real estate 房地产mortgage 按揭（指向银行借长期抵押贷款，用来买房子）down payment 首付completed apartment/flat 现房（指已建好供销售的房子）forward housing delivery 期房resold apartment 二手房affordable housing 经济适用房housing price 房ZZ / 6t ssθuιsnq e Se IelllaI 」oj Xpedojd BuiXnq ΘJB noX j∣■ ssθuθjnjse jo Θ□UΘP∣AΘ Se」0八Ej S< 」θ∕v∖ojjoq e ui JUnOo XipejipuiXeuj Xeqj UΘΛΘ Inq t SUeOI ΘJ∩□ΘS OJ pesn θq JOUUeo (SVyl) SJUnOooe ιuθiuθjμθj IenpiAipui Se q□ns SeSSe juθiuθjμθy - d∣θq IIIM Ieιμ t scoots Se q□ns s^esse」OInO jo SlUnOUJe θ6je∣θ∆eq noX j∣■ θj∏pιd ∣eι□ueuy ∣∣ejθ∆θ」no人ΘJB XeICl o;ui ΘLUO□JeqJ SJOPej∙ioιμo ' θseq□jndθωoq e 」oj jιpθJ□ JΘB noX JOU」o」θqjθq∕v∖ ui JOPej ∣e□!tμ□ e θq IIIM t )OΘJΘιμ ψ)e∣」o t sjqep 」0屮0 jo jueuuXed jo PJO□ΘJ」no人TΘ□UΘ∏-ιuθuuXedθJ jo ΘJ∩Sθq o↑ l Xμθdojd θq; jo θ∏∣e∆ oιμ o] Se」θ∕v∖ojjoq oι∏jθ *PaK) oιμ OJ IPnuJ Se s>∣oo∣」OPIlOl θqj tθ□uejsuι Ue q□ns Ul TllOuJAed UMOP JUΘ□JΘC I o乙e qj∣M t juθ□Jθd 08 S! t oμe」θ∏∣e∆-oj-ueo∣oιμ IIeo s>∣ueq OIn IeqM」o θtetsθ ∣eθj uι o⅛e」tθsse-onqθp PJePUelS OIn t uoιpesuejι θq; jo θ∏∣e∆ IeCI!□uμd θq; jo IUO0」OdOg Ie pθdde□ si IqOP OIn θJθq∕v∖tθiuθq□s βu∣βejθΛθ∣ψ)c4s PJePUeJS oιμ Θ>∣!∣U∩θ□ueμodiL∣! JUnOUJeJeCl jo ΘJBsuoμejθpιsuo□ *PaK)」θωnsuo□ tΘSΠIeUOSJθd 」no人」ojΘJBJSΘ∣eθj BuiXnq ΘJB noX j∣ OS t suoμ□esuejj ΘJBJSΘIeal JSOUJ OJ 人科θq; si Buioueuij then more businesslike considerationsapply . The bank will still want to evaluate loan-to-value and income-to-debt service ratios , but may give lesser weight to your personal financial situation . Your past business experience , either in real estate or in other areas , will be taken into account , as will your business credit record . In unusual cases , the lender may require you to sign for loans personally , in which case your personal financialsituation will matter .There are several types of lenders . The most common one is a financial institution such as a bank or a savings and loan . A second is government agencies such as Veteran ' s Administration or the Federal Housing Authority . The third source of financing is owner financing .对于大多数房地产交易来说，关键在于资金问题的解决。
renting house
租房场景（一）核心词汇：租房信息咨询：首先landlord / landlady房东﹡﹡和tenant租客﹡﹡通过house agency房产中介﹡﹡（或house agent房产代理人﹡﹡）联系，洽谈租房事宜。
一．确定住宿形式：type of accommodation住宿形式﹡﹡homestay(stay with a family)住在当地人家里﹡﹡student hostel (student accommodation )学生公寓﹡﹡----dormitory (=dorm)宿舍﹡♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥二．住宿类型分为两大类：①flat(英式公寓)（考试概率高）﹡﹡= apartment(美式公寓)﹡一般位于city center﹡﹡ = downtown (市中心) ﹡﹡②house房屋﹡﹡一般位于suburbs﹡﹡ = outskirts (郊区) ﹡﹡♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥三．确定rent租金﹡﹡和deposit押金﹡﹡（for security﹡﹡为了安全）Maximum /minimum rent﹡（最高/最低）租金的价格depends on取决于:⑴ location位置①urban area 市区地段﹡②rural area 乡村地段﹡﹡⑵environment/ surroundings环境①near public transport靠近公共交通比如靠近tube﹡﹡= subway﹡﹡=underground ﹡﹡= metro 地铁或者bus stop 公交车站或者airport机场②near the university/ office 靠近大学或工作地点proximity﹡﹡（= close常考同义词转换）to your office is an issue靠近你的工作地点也是个应该考虑的因素③安静的环境neighborhood﹡﹡街区是否noisy喧闹真题:problems of the accommodation: difficult to study原文:They have three young children and it is difficult for me to study.④各类帐单和设备租赁费用是否包括在租金内Rent includes：Water bills水费﹡﹡Telephone bills 电话费﹡﹡Electricity bills电费﹡﹡Gas bills煤气费﹡﹡Telephone rental电话租赁﹡﹡Laundry fee 洗衣费﹡⑤facility﹡﹡设施是否齐全分为equipment﹡﹡用电设备和furniture﹡﹡家具(注意:facility复数→facilities但是equipment＆furniture两个单词不能加s，例如：a piece of equipment一件家具，a piece of furniture一套设备)先确定房间类型room type:a single room(with single bed)单人房﹡﹡a double room(with double bed)双人房(一张双人床)﹡﹡a twin room (with twin bed)双人房(两张单人床)﹡﹡a triple room(with triple bed)三人房﹡﹡a studio apartment 单间公寓再确定房间附加结构:availability of : living room 起居室﹡﹡bedroom 卧室﹡﹡bathroom=toilet 厕所﹡﹡laundry room 洗衣房﹡dining room 餐厅﹡﹡kitchen 厨房﹡﹡shared room (eg:shared kitchen) 公用房间............................................................................garage 车库﹡﹡garden 花园﹡﹡courtyard 园子﹡﹡fence 栅栏lawn 草坪basement 地下室﹡balcony 阳台﹡﹡corridor 走廊﹡wing 侧厅﹡side entrance / gate﹡侧门fire door=fire exit(for emergency ,be locked outside)﹡安全出口lobby 大厅lift(英) / elevator(美) 电梯escalator 自动扶梯stairs 楼梯﹡ceiling 天花板﹡roof屋顶....................................................................................... ...最后查看家具配置:furnished / unfurnished 配备家具的/未配备家具的sofa / couch 沙发/长沙发carpet 地毯﹡﹡(ceiling)fan 吊扇digital TV 数字电视satellite TV 卫星电视stereo system 立体声音响﹡laptop手提电脑﹡﹡air conditioner 空调﹡﹡radiator 电暖炉﹡﹡curtain 窗帘﹡﹡closet 橱柜wardrobe 衣橱﹡cupboard 碗柜﹡cabinet 橱柜washing machine 洗衣机﹡dishwasher 洗碗机﹡microwave oven 微波炉﹡﹡vacuum cleaner 吸尘器refrigerator/ fridge 冰箱﹡﹡gas cooker 煤气灶water heater 热水器﹡﹡（heating system加热系统--fuel燃料--coal煤--firewood柴火）oven 烤箱bed-linen 床上用品quilt 被子pillow 枕头sheet 被单blanket 毯子﹡mattress 床垫﹡﹡cushion 垫子towel 毛巾﹡﹡♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ 四.确定好条件,房东谈居住要求House rules:non-smoker 不吸烟者non-drinker 不喝酒者special food requirements 关于食物的特殊要求﹡﹡vegetarian素食者﹡﹡or allergy 过敏﹡﹡or no red meat不吃牛羊肉need intermediate English proficiency 需要中等英语水平﹡﹡ need privacy 需要隐私﹡♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ 五.确定看房时间make an appointment 预约﹡﹡viewing arrangements 看房安排﹡﹡sign the lease签租约pay for the contract 支付合同费用﹡move-in notice 入住通知♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥♥ 考点：1。
房价评论英文作文
房价评论英文作文英文：As a young adult in today's world, I am constantly bombarded with the topic of housing prices. Everyone around me seems to be either buying or renting a new place, andthe prices just keep climbing higher and higher. It can be overwhelming and discouraging at times, but I've learned to approach it with a level head and some research.Firstly, I think it's important to understand that housing prices are influenced by a variety of factors. Location, size, age, and condition of the property all play a role in determining the price. Additionally, the current state of the economy and the demand for housing in the area can also affect the price.One thing that I've noticed is that there can be a significant difference in housing prices between different cities or even different neighborhoods within the same city.For example, a small apartment in a trendy area of downtown Los Angeles can cost significantly more than a larger house in a suburban area outside of the city.Another factor to consider is the type of housing. Single-family homes, townhouses, and condos all have different price points and can vary depending on the location and condition of the property. For example, a brand new condo in a high-rise building may cost more than an older single-family home in a less desirable area.Ultimately, I think it's important to do your research and consider all factors before making a decision about purchasing or renting a property. It's also important to remember that housing prices can fluctuate over time, soit's important to keep an eye on the market and make informed decisions.中文：作为当今世界的年轻人，我经常被房价这个话题所困扰。
(房地产管理)房地产英语常用名词
房地产英语常用名词拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition拆迁费用removal expense城镇住房公积金urban housing provident fund 低价住房low-cost housing二手房second-hand house房产估价师real estate assessor房产证property ownership certificate房屋置换buy or exchange houses炒房者real estate speculator房改housing system reform房管real estate management房权证property right certificate房产市场real estate market房屋空置率housing vacancy rate福利分房welfare-oriented public housing allocation system个人购房贷款individual housing loan公房商品化commercialization of public housing集资房 houses built with funds collected by the buyers居民住房建设residential construction人均住房per-capital housing现房complete department (or flat)期房forward delivery housing商品房commercial residential building商品房空置the vacancy in commercial housing政策性住房policy-related house, policy-based house住房补贴rental allowance; housing allowance住房分配货币化进程capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation 按揭贷款mortgage loan房屋空置率housing vacancy rate福利分房welfare-oriented public housing allocation system个人购房贷款individual housing loan公房商品化commercialization of public housing集资房 houses built with funds collected by the buyers居民住房建设residential construction人均住房per-capital housing安居工程：Housing project for the low-income urban residents；危房改造：the dilapidated house transforming；动迁户： households to be relocated；住宅小区：dwelling district；住房公积金：public accumulation funds for housing；住房补贴：housing subsidies；住房零首期：zero first payment；房产抵押：house mortgage; build property mortgage；房产证： property right certification；暂住证： the card of stay temporarily；城市住房改革：urban housing reform；城市规划：urban planning；室内装修：interior decoration；按揭： mortgage；按揭贷款：mortgage loan；期房： forward delivery housing；商品房： commodity housing; commercial housing；政策性住房：policy-related house; policy-based house；福利分房：welfare-oriented public housing distribution system；集资房：houses built on the funds collected by the buyers；deposit 定金furnished house/ apartment有家具的房子/公寓unfurnished house/ apartment 无家具的房子/公寓a vacant room/ a spare room 空房single room 单人间double room 双人间utilities 水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用flatmate 合住一套公寓的人；合租者letting agency 房屋中介agency fee 中介费private accommodation 私人住房Room 房间cozy 温馨的living room/lounge 起居室；客厅bedroom 卧室main bedroom 主卧carpet 地毯coffee table （置于沙发前的）茶几armchair 单人沙发sofa 沙发remote control 遥控器radiator 暖气片central heating 中央供暖stool 厨房高脚椅bathroom 卫生间main bathroom 主卫Buy a (an)flat/ apartment 买房mortgage 按揭（指向银行借长期抵押贷款，用来买房子）down payment 首付completed apartment/flat 现房（指已建好供销售的房子）forward housing delivery 期房resold apartment 二手房affordable housing 经济适用房housing price 房价key zones for development 重点开发区tract 大片土地biding document 标书prerequisitioned land 预征土地competent authorities 主管部门construction project 建设项目comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区reconstruction of old area 旧区改造property trust 物业信托equity 权益cash flows 现金流量appreciation 增值disposition 处置hedge 保值措施income tax shelter 收入税的庇护wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产（同其他投资相比）forecast 预测rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法mortgage lender 抵押放贷者discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型expectation 期望值equity reversion 权益回收bad debts 坏帐depreciation allowances 折旧费utilities 公共事业设备allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额recession 衰退overproduction 生产过剩glut 供过于求high-technology 高科技investment strategy投资策略circulation 发行量entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家coliseum 大体育场，大剧院chambers （商业资本家联合组织的）会所arena 室内运动场slab-type apartment building 板楼，板式楼a relocated unit or household 搬迁户equity reversion 权益回收equity 权益expectation 期望值finance costs 融资成本（指利息等）financial budget 财政预算fiscal allotment 财政拨款floor area 建筑面积forecast 预测go through the formalities 办手续government assignment 政府划拨Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同grant or transfer 出让或转让hedge 保值措施high-technology 高科技housing residences住宅income bracket 收入档次income tax shelter 收入税的庇护infrastructure 基础设施investment strategy投资策略key zones for development 重点开发区land efficiency 土地效益leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）letting 出租location classification 地段等级mortgage lender 抵押放贷者negotiation /agreement协议on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法open market value 公开市场价值overproduction 生产过剩permit 许可证plaza 购物中心plot ratio 容积率prerequisitioned land 预征土地professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等）project approval 项目许可projecting parameter 规划参数property trust 物业信托public bidding 公开招标public utilities 公共设施purchasing power 购买力reconstruction of old area 旧区改造rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法sale proceeds 销售收益site coverage 建筑密度socioeconomic status 社会经济地位state-owned land 国有土地strata-title 分层所有权subsidiary 附属机构，子公司supplies 日常用品tenement 分租合住的经济公寓the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局title document 契约文书unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额urban planning 城市规划utilities 公共事业设备valuation 评估wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产(同其他投资相比)infrastructure 基础设施financial budget 财政预算public bidding 公开招标auction 拍卖negotiation /agreement协议land efficiency 土地效益location classification 地段等级projecting parameter 规划参数government assignment 政府划拨administrative institution 行政事业单位key zones for development 重点开发区tract 大片土地biding document 标书prerequisitioned land 预征土地competent authorities 主管部门construction project 建设项目planning permit of construction engineering 建设工程规划许可证go through the formalities 办手续comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区reconstruction of old area 旧区改造purchasing power 购买力property trust 物业信托equity 权益cash flows 现金流量appreciation 增值disposition 处置hedge 保值措施wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产(同其他投资相比)forecast 预测rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法mortgage lender 抵押放贷者vacancy 空房discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型expectation 期望值letting 出租equity reversion 权益回收depreciation allowances 折旧费supplies 日常用品utilities 公共事业设备allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额stamp duty印花税recession 衰退overproduction 生产过剩high-technology 高科技investment strategy投资策略circulation 发行量coliseum 大体育场，大剧院chambers （商业资本家联合组织的）会所arena 室内运动场socioeconomic status 社会经济地位amenities 便利设施condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权income bracket 收入档次tenement 分租合住的经济公寓area code （电话）地区代码community 社区assessment 估价downzone 降低区划规模housing residences住宅bay开间depth进深access玄关deed tax契税comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权construction project 建设项目cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等）depreciation allowances 折旧费discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型disposition 处置downturn （经济）衰退downzone 降低区划规模entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家real estate sales 房地产销售real estate planning 房地产策划developers 开发商rent 租房sell/buy 卖房/买房apa naked decorate 毛坯房rtment 公寓，泛指高层住宅house 独门独户并且带花园的平房（不是别墅，深圳不多见）villa 别墅，泛指豪宅sea view villa 海景别墅mount view villa 山景别墅terraced house 独立楼房结构，一层为车库（深圳不多见）shop 商铺warehouse仓库centiare 平方米或者㎡来代替，英联邦国家喜欢用sqm代替bathroom 卫生间kitchen 厨房balcony 阳台have security access 有保安系统studio(studio apartment) 单身公寓double bedroom 双人卧室single bedroom 单人卧室1 bedroom 1 sitting room 一房一厅2 bedrooms 2 sitting rooms 两房两厅以此类推…open plan kitchen 开放式厨房（厨房连接小阳台）sitting room/bedroom open to balcony (客厅/卧室连接阳台)car park 停车位guest parking 非固定停车位open Home 看房时间suit home buyer or investor. 适合自住或投资alhambresque 豪华装修（宫殿式）sunshine Sitting room (阳光客厅)offer furniture/home appliances 提供家具/家用电器property 物业，资产interest 产权subsidiary 附属机构，子公司valuation 评估open market value 公开市场价值leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）on a residual basis 剩余法capital value 资本价值cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等）professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等）finance costs 融资成本（指利息等）sale proceeds 销售收益on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法floor area 建筑面积title document 契约文书plaza 购物中心land use certificate 土地使用证commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼land use fee 土地使用费（获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用）Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同plot ratio 容积率site coverage 建筑密度land use term 土地使用期project approval 项目许可planning approval 规划许可commission 佣金permit 许可证business license 营业执照strata-title 分层所有权public utilities 公共设施urban planning 城市规划state-owned land 国有土地fiscal allotment 财政拨款grant or transfer 出让或转让the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局按揭贷款mortgage loan按揭购房to buy a house on mortgage； to mortgage a house房屋空置率housing vacancy rate安居工程Comfortable Housing Project板楼，板式楼slab-type apartment building 搬迁户a relocated unit or household财产税 property tax； estate（or capital）duty拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition拆迁费用removal expense城镇住房公积金urban housing provident fund 低价住房low-cost housing二手房second-hand house房产估价师real estate assessor房产证property ownership certificate房屋置换buy or exchange houses炒房者real estate speculator房改housing system reform房管real estate management房权证property right certificate房产市场real estate market房屋空置率housing vacancy rate福利分房welfare-oriented public housing allocation system个人购房贷款individual housing loan公房商品化commercialization of public housing集资房 houses built with funds collected by the buyers居民住房建设residential construction人均住房per-capital housing现房complete department （or flat）期房forward delivery housing商品房commercial residential building商品房空置the vacancy in commercial housing 政策性住房policy-related house，policy-based house住房补贴rental allowance； housing allowance 住房分配货币化进程capitalization process of housing distribution/allocationproperty 物业，资产interest 产权subsidiary 附属机构，子公司valuation 评估open market value 公开市场价值leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）on a residual basis 剩余法capital value 资本价值cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等）professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等）finance costs 融资成本（指利息等）sale proceeds 销售收益on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法floor area 建筑面积title document 契约文书plaza 购物中心land use certificate 土地使用证commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼land use fee 土地使用费（获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用）Grant Contract of Land Use Right 土地使用权出让合同plot ratio 容积率site coverage 建筑密度land use term 土地使用期project approval 项目许可planning approval 规划许可commission 佣金permit 许可证business license 营业执照strata-title 分层所有权public utilities 公共设施urban planning 城市规划state-owned land 国有土地fiscal allotment 财政拨款grant or transfer 出让或转让the Municipal Land Administration Bureau 市土地管理局infrastructure 基础设施financial budget 财政预算public bidding 公开招标auction 拍卖negotiation /agreement协议land efficiency 土地效益location classification 地段等级projecting parameter 规划参数government assignment 政府划拨administrative institution 行政事业单位key zones for development 重点开发区tract 大片土地biding document 标书prerequisitioned land 预征土地competent authorities 主管部门construction project 建设项目planning permit of construction engineering 建设工程规划许可证go through the formalities 办手续comprehensive sub-areas 综合分区reconstruction of old area 旧区改造purchasing power 购买力property trust 物业信托equity 权益cash flows 现金流量appreciation 增值disposition 处置hedge 保值措施income tax shelter 收入税的庇护downturn （经济）衰退wealth maximisation 最大限度的增加财产（同其他投资相比）forecast 预测rules-of-thumb techniques 经验法mortgage lender 抵押放贷者vacancy 空房discounted cash flow models 折现值现金流量模型expectation 期望值letting 出租equity reversion 权益回收depreciation allowances 折旧费supplies 日常用品utilities 公共事业设备allowances for repairs and maintenance 维修费unpaid mortgage balance 抵押贷款欠额stamp duty印花税recession 衰退overproduction 生产过剩high-technology 高科技investment strategy投资策略circulation 发行量entrepreneur 倡导者，企业家coliseum 大体育场，大剧院chambers （商业资本家联合组织的）会所arena 室内运动场socioeconomic status 社会经济地位amenities 便利设施condominium 个人占有公寓房，一套公寓房的个人所有权income bracket 收入档次tenement 分租合住的经济公寓area code （电话）地区代码community 社区assessment 估价downzone 降低区划规模housing residences住宅1.CBD：中央商务区 (Central Business District) CBD应具备以下特征：现代城市商务中心，汇聚世界众多知名企业，经济、金融、商业高度集中，众多最好的写字楼、商务酒店和娱乐中心，最完善便利的交通，最快捷的通讯与昂贵的地价。
pricewaterhouse coopers介绍
pricewaterhouse coopers介绍PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) is a multinational professional services network headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is one of the largest professional services firms in the world and provides various services including auditing, tax advisory, consulting, and assurance to clients across different sectors and industries. In this article, we will explore PwC's history, services, global reach, and its impact on the business world. Let's dive in!I. Introduction to PricewaterhouseCoopers PricewaterhouseCoopers, often referred to as PwC, was formed in 1998 through the merger of two existing accounting firms - Price Waterhouse and Coopers & Lybrand. Both firms have a long history and were established in the 19th century. Price Waterhouse originated in London in 1849 as an accounting practice, while Coopers & Lybrand was founded in 1854 in the United States.II. Services Offered by PwCPwC offers a wide range of services to its clients, encompassing various aspects of their business operations. The primary service lines provided by PwC include:1. Audit and Assurance: PwC conducts financial audits to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the financial statements of its clients. This helps to provide confidence to shareholders, investors, and other stakeholders.2. Tax Advisory: PwC assists clients in managing their tax obligations, minimizing tax risks, and ensuring compliance with local and international tax laws. Their services cover areas such as corporate tax, transfer pricing, indirect taxes, and individual tax planning.3. Consulting: PwC's consulting services help organizations in improving their performance, driving growth, managing risks, and enhancing their overall operational efficiency. They provide expertise in areas such as strategy, technology, human resources, and supply chain management.4. Deals and Transactions: PwC provides advisory services to clients involved in mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, and other corporate transactions. They assist in conducting due diligence, evaluating the financial aspects of deals, and advising on negotiation strategies.5. Risk Assurance: PwC helps organizations identify and manage risks, including cybersecurity risks, regulatory compliance, and reputation risks. They provide risk assessment, strategy development, and implementation support to enhance risk management practices.6. Sustainability and Climate Change: PwC supports clients in transitioning to sustainable business practices, managing environmental risks, and addressing the challenges posed by climate change. They offer services such as sustainability reporting, carbon footprint analysis, and sustainability strategy development.III. Global Presence and Organizational StructurePwC operates in many countries worldwide, serving clients across diverse industries. The firm follows a network-based structure, with member firms operating independently under the PwC brand and adhering to common quality standards. This structure enables PwC to provide global services efficiently while adapting to local market dynamics and regulations.PwC member firms are strategically located in major cities aroundthe world, including New York, London, Tokyo, Sydney, and many more. The firm maintains a strong international presence and collaborates closely with clients to cater to their specific needs in each jurisdiction.IV. Impact on the Business WorldPwC is recognized for its expertise and thought leadership in the global business landscape. The firm regularly publishes research reports and insights on emerging trends, economic forecasts, and industry-specific analysis. These publications provide valuable information and guidance to businesses, policymakers, and other stakeholders.PwC's contribution extends beyond its client services. The firm actively engages with society by supporting various social initiatives and organizations. PwC strives to create a positive impact through initiatives promoting diversity and inclusion, environmental sustainability, and community involvement.Moreover, PwC plays a crucial role in shaping regulatory frameworks and promoting professional standards. The firm actively participates in standard-setting bodies and organizationsfocused on improving corporate governance, financial reporting, and ethical practices.V. ConclusionPricewaterhouseCoopers is a global professional services firm that has established itself as a leader in the industry. Its extensive range of services, global reach, and dedication to providing value to clients have contributed to its success and reputation. PwC continues to adapt and innovate to meet the evolving needs of businesses, while also fulfilling its broader responsibilities towards society.。
国际会计准则简介(IFRS)
需提前揭露事項及時點
2009
提前採用
2010 年度
2011 期中及 年度 年度
2012
2013
2014
2015
PricewaterhouseCoopers
第一階段 第二階段
上市上櫃公司、興櫃 公司及金管會主管之 金融業 於2011年後使決定自 願提前採用 提前採用 非上市上櫃及興櫃之 公開發行公司、信用 合作社及信用卡公司
主講人
資誠會計師事務所 周建宏 合夥人 資誠會計師事務所 周建宏 合夥人 資誠會計師事務所 周建宏 合夥人 資誠會計師事務所 周建宏 合夥人 資誠會計師事務所 周建宏 合夥人
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Slide 2
國際會計準則（IFRS）簡介
IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards)
準則(IAS)。 2001/4起，國際會計準則理事會(IASB)承接所有IAS及其後續之發展， 而新發布之準則稱之為IFRS。
PricewaterhouseCoopers
Slide 4
原則性規範（Principle based）
特色－
• 準則運用的解釋和應用指南較少 • 遵從準則目的與實質所進行的專業判斷 • 少有原則性例外
2. 於未來3年內將進入職場的學生，將經歷會計變革的過渡期間，對於
因應變革所需會計專業以外的能力，例如專案管理，系統及流程改變 等，學校教育未必涵蓋
3. 國家考試必須考慮IFRS的影響
PricewaterhouseCoopers Slide 14
大學教育該如何因應
大學會計教育該如何因應
1. 短期計畫:針對未來3年將進入職場的學生，加強以下教育
housing
Housing (1)
Step 1 Housing hunting
Look at the pictures of American houses.
.
Large 大的
Lge apartment,2 floors, a bedrooms, 2 bath, gar, pool, $1,500
tep 4 Study the charts below
最高级
Rachel’s apartment has the most bedrooms.
Phunong’s apartment has the fewest bedrooms.
两个以上的可数名词时可使用the most or the fewest )
Security deposit 财产 保证押金
Step 3 Let’s practice.
Interpret classified ads in P43
tep 4 Study the charts below
比较级
new apartment has more bedrooms than our old one. old apartment had fewer bderooms than our new one. 较可数名词时使用more or fewer ) old apartment had fewer bedrooms than our new one. lo’s apartment gets less light than Rachel’s apartment. . 较不可数名词时使用more or less)
appliance 家用电器
freeways 高速公路
condo与apartment有什么样的区别呢？
售楼英语
房地产销售宝典－－房地产英语销售指南 property 物业，资产 interest 产权 subsidiary 附属机构，子公司 valuation 评估 open market value 公开市场价值 leaseback 售后回租（即租回已出售的财产） on a residual basis 剩余法 capital value 资本价值 cost of development 开发费（指拆迁费，七通一平费等） professional fee 专业人员费（指勘察设计费等） finance costs 融资成本（指利息等） sale proceeds 销售收益 on the basis of capitalisation 资本还原法 floor area 建筑面积 title document 契约文书 plaza 购物中心 land use certificate 土地使用证 commercial/residential complex 商住综合楼 land use fee 土地使用费（获得土地使用权后，每年支付国家的使用土地费用） 按揭贷款 mortgage loan 按揭购房 to buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house
房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 安居工程 Comfortable Housing Project 板楼，板式楼 slab-type apartment building 搬迁户 a relocated unit or household 财产税 property tax;estate(or capital) duty 拆迁补偿费 compensation for demolition 拆迁费用 removal expense 城镇住房公积金 urban housing provident fund 低价住房 low-cost housing 二手房 second-hand house 房产估价师 realestate evaluator 房产证 property ownership certificate 房屋置换 buy or exchange houses 炒房者realestate speculator 房改 housing system reform 房管 realestate management 房权证 property right certificate 房产市场 realestate market 房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate 福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 公房商品化 commercialization of public housing 集资房 houses built with funds collected by the buyers 居民住房建设 residential construction 人均住房per-capital housing 现房 complete dapartment (or flat) 期房 forward delivery housing 商品房 commercial residential building 商品房空置 the vacancy problem in commercial housing 政策性住房 policy-related house, policy-based house 住房补贴 rental allowance; housing allowance 住房分配货币化进程 capitalization process of housing distribution/allocation
美国买房知识：如何区分Condo、Apartment和house
美国买房知识：如何区分Condo、Apartment和house在大多数人的印象里，国外住宅有别墅跟公寓的不同。
然而美国的住宅分类却不止这两类，有独栋别墅（Single Family Home）、联排别墅（T ownhouse）、公寓（Condo/Apartment/Coop Unit）、多户住宅（Multi-Family Home）等等。
下面我们来一起看看同样都是公寓，Condo跟Apartment又有什么区别呢？1.康斗康斗（Condo）是美国一种集合式的住宅的名称，最早出现在加勒比海地区的波多黎各，1960年以后开始在美国本土大规模推广，现在成为美国住宅开发类型的一个主要的产品。
康斗在众多外国人心目中，“康斗”就是产权所有，而不太集中在建筑类型这个定义上。
康斗可以只有一个居住单位，也可以是多个住宅单位的居住建筑。
一个居住单位，就是一个公寓了，多个住宅单位，就是一个住宅区了。
在康斗社区里面，每个具体的住宅单位是一个家庭拥有的，而社区内部的公共空间，如走道、车路、娱乐休闲设施等等，则是这个社区内所有的住户共同拥有的。
一般来说，康斗分两个大类型，一个单一家庭拥有自己完整的建筑室内生活单元，不拥有任何外部的公共设施，这种康斗因为间隔清晰，公私分明，因此被成为“detachedcondominiums”，建筑内部的住宅单位完全属于一个家庭，但是外部走道、车路、公园、设施、会所、游泳池等等就不是仅仅这个家庭拥有的，而是整个康斗社区的居民共同拥有的。
还有一种康斗社区，居民不但拥有住宅内部的所有权，并且也拥有部分的外部的空间，比较讲究，好像前面有自己的草地和花园，这种类型的比较多，在美国叫做“地段康斗”（site condominiums）。
在美国，这种康斗比例相对比较高级，比较流行。
比较适合美国大多数的中产阶级的要求。
除了这种住宅型的康斗之外，还有一种叫做“非住宅型康斗”（Non-residential condominiums），主要是指那些在住宅开发中用康斗的形式开发的写字楼、旅店客房、零售商店、或者集团公寓居楼，特别是退休老人公寓，学术宿舍之内。
房子的英文说法
帐篷，除了我们熟悉的折叠帐篷，游牧民族的房子也是tent
Mobile home
可移动板房，是一种简易、便宜的房子，但它和房车不同，在美国有指定的mobile home park，你需要提前买或租一个地块，再把你的mobile home运过来
带轮子的平房,需要搬家的时候直接用大引擎的车拖走。电源水管和下水道都是可拆卸接口的。与房车不同,mobilehouse看起来更像房子而不是车
House的概念属于柴米油盐酱醋茶的现实生活，Villa的概念是属于浪漫生活
Duplex
双拼别墅，由两个单元的别墅拼联组成
Duplex《双层公寓》是由丹尼·德维托执导的喜剧电影，由本·斯蒂勒、德鲁·巴里摩尔领衔主演。于2006年2月1日在中国上映。该片讲述了一对新婚夫妇意图将楼上令人讨厌的老太太赶出公寓，最终屡遭失败的故事
Castle
城堡
Townhouse
Townhouse是一种3层左右、独门独户、前后有私家花园及车库（车位）的联排式住宅，从形式上说，确实接近于联排别墅。最早是欧美国家的一种城市住宅形式，相对于乡村广袤的土地，城市土地资源总是处于缺乏状态。Townhouse历史上最早建于古罗马，曾经在17世纪伦敦大火之后担负起伦敦重建的重任
在19世纪，随着欧美经济的高速成长，Townhouse逐渐成为中产阶级的主流居住形式
Apartment
公寓
Dormitory
简写为Dorm，宿舍
Cabin
n.<美>小木屋;客舱;（轮船上工作或生活的）隔间;
vt.把…关在小屋里;使受拘束
Cottage
小屋，村舍;（农舍式的）小别墅;（郊外的）新式住宅，（大院内的）单幢住宅
房子的英文说法
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© OECD 2005III.RECENT HOUSE PRICE DEVELOPMENTS: THE ROLE OF FUNDAMENTALS
Real house prices increased unusually rapidly in recent yearsIn the vast majority of OECD economies, house prices in real terms (the ratio ofactual house prices to the consumer price index) have been moving up strongly sincethe mid-1990s (FigureIII.1).1 Because of the important role housing wealth has been
playing during the current upswing,2 this chapter will look more closely at what is
underlying these developments, with a view to shedding some light on whether ornot prices are in line with fundamentals.
This chapter examines...The chapter begins by putting the most recent housing price run-ups in the con-text of the experiences of the past 35years. It then examines current valuationsagainst a range of benchmarks. It concludes with a review of the links between a pos-sible correction of housing prices and real activity. The highlights from this analysisare as follows:
… several aspects of the current episode which are unique…–A number of elements in the current situation are unprecedented: the size andduration of the current real house price increases; the degree to which theyhave tended to move together across countries; and the extent to which theyhave disconnected from the business cycle.
… and the role of fundamentals in determining prices–While concerns have been expressed in several quarters about high housingprices, the evidence examined here suggests that overvaluation may onlyapply to a relatively small number of countries. However, the extent to whichthese prices look to be fairly valued depends in good part on longer-terminterest rates, which exert a dominant influence on mortgage interest rates,remaining at or close to their current low levels.
Current low inflation levels could influence any downward adjustment–If house prices were to adjust downward, possibly in response to an increasein interest rates or for other reasons,3 the historical record suggests that the
drops (in real terms) might be large and that the process could be protracted,given the observed stickiness of nominal house prices and the current low rateof inflation. This would have implications for activity and monetary policy.
1.In FigureIII.1, real house prices of the 18OECD countries for which there is information over theperiod from 1970 to the presentare grouped by the extent of the increases and decreases they haveexperienced since the mid-1990s. The frequency, definitions and quality of the data vary greatlyacross countries. Data for Korea start only in 1986. The sources for the series used are detailed inTableIII.4 in the Appendix.2.See Catte et al. (2004).3.See Borio and McGuire (2004) who document a tendency for house prices to fall about a year or soafter equity prices have peaked and note that once prices fall, the declines tend to take on a life of theirown.124 -OECD Economic Outlook 78400
197030020010040200071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798990102030405
400
197030020010040200071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798990102030405
400
197030020010040200071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798990102030405
400
197030020010040200071727374757677787980818283848586878889909192939495969798990102030405
Index, 1995 = 100, logarithmic scaleIrelandUnited KingdomSpainNethelandsNorway
Index, 1995 = 100, logarithmic scaleAustraliaSwedenFinlandNew ZealandFrance
Index, 1995 = 100, logarithmic scaleDenmarkUnited StatesItalyCanada
Index, 1995 = 100, logarithmic scaleSwitzerlandKoreaGermanyJapan
Source: Table III.4 in the Appendix and OECD, Main Economic Indicators.
Figure III.1.Real house prices have generally been risingNominal price deflated by the overall consumer price indexRecent house price developments: the role of fundamentals- 125
© OECD 2005The magnitude and duration of house price cyclesUp to the mid-1990s, real house price cycles had certain characteristicsVarious statistical and other criteria will be used to put the current period of realhouse price increases into historical perspective. Based on a procedure to date houseprice cycles,4 it appears that, to the extent that there is an “average real-house-price
cycle” over the period under consideration, it has lasted about ten years. During theexpansion phase of about six years, real house prices have increased on average byaround 45%. In the subsequent contraction phase, which lasts around five years, themean fall in prices has been on the order of 25%. By implication, at least since 1970,real house prices have fluctuated around an upward trend, which is generally attributedto rising demand for housing space linked to increasing per capita income, growingpopulations, supply factors such as land scarcity and restrictiveness of zoning laws,quality improvement and comparatively low productivity growth in construction.5