Chinese Hotel Market Update-STR Global
酒店翻译常用英语
翻译对照词汇表Restaurant 酒店里面的称为餐厅，酒店外的可以叫饭馆或者餐馆都可以B&B 家庭式酒店Boutique hotel 精品酒店Resort 度假村King-size 特大号床Queen-size 大号床Twin beds 双床房Single bed 单床房Double room 双人间Single room 单人间Suite 套房Studio suite 公寓套房Adjoining room 相邻房Connecting room 连通房Executive Floor 行政楼层Bellboy 行李员Concierge 礼宾Receptionist 前台接待Reception/Front desk 前台Coach 旅游大巴Reservation 预订（不是预定）Doorman 门房门童Housekeeping staff 客房清洁人员Room service 客房服务，有时特指客房送餐服务Ground 花园Tip 小费Service charge 服务费Turn down 开夜床服务（指的是傍晚的时候再次整理房间，使客人晚上睡的舒服）Executive room 商务房Shuttle bus 班车Do Not Disturb Sign /DND sign请勿打扰牌Please Make Up sign /PMU sign 请收拾房间牌check-out 退房check-in 登记入住lobby 大堂Owner response: 业主回复酒店岗位：Porter门房Hotel Concierge酒店礼宾部Procurement Manager; Purchasing Manager采购部经理Food & Beverage Manager; Catering Manager餐饮部经理Table Hostess餐桌女服务员Kitchen Hand; Kitchen Help; Kitchen Worker厨工Cook; Chef厨师Head Chef厨师长Cook炊事员Assistant Manager大堂副理Lobby Manager大堂经理Tourist Guide导游Sauce Cook调味汁厨师Restaurant Manager饭店经理Rooms Division Manager房务部经理Second Chef副厨师长Second Waiter副领班Trainee Manager见习经理Receptionist接待员Bar Operative酒吧服务员Hotel Accountant酒店会计Chief Accountant; Financial Controller酒店主管会计;财务总监Housekeeping Manager客房部经理Executive Housekeeper; Head Housekeeper客房部主管Chambermaid客房女服务员Head Waiter ；Captain领班Floor Attendant楼层服务员Travel Agent 旅游中介Doorman门童Pantryman配餐员Front Desk Manager前台经理Front Office Supervisor前台领班Front Office Manager前厅经理Assistant Front Office Manager前厅副理Cleaner清洁工Food Checker食品检验员Vegetable Cook蔬菜厨师Materials Manager物料经理Western-Style Restaurant Manager西餐部经理Executive Assistant Manager行政副经理Assistant Banquet Manager宴会部副经理Banquet Manager宴会部经理Night Manager夜班经理Hotel Greeter迎宾员Reservation Manager预订部经理Chinese-Style Restaurant Manager中餐部经理Resident Manager驻店经理Front Clerk; Reception Clerk总台接待员room reservation客房预定fully booked客满types of rooms房间种类double room双人房standard room标准房twin room双床房superior room高级房deluxe room豪华房executive room商务房suite套房junior room普通套房senior suite高级套房Presidential suite总统套房a room facing south朝南的房间studio room公寓套房connecting room连通房adjoining room相邻房no show没有按预定抵店letter of confirmation确认信service charge服务费extra charge额外费用shuttle bus班车full price全价discounted price折扣价rack rate标准价special price优惠价complimentary rate免费king-size bed特大号床queen-size bed 大号床postpone 推迟Vacancy/vacant room空房cancel/cancellation取消change更改book/reserve预定automatic door自动门check in登记入住check out结帐a piece of baggage/luggage一件行李shoulder bag背包cardboard box纸箱briefcase手提箱luggage trunk汽车行李箱send up送行李fill out填写name tag名牌turn – down service夜床服务make up打扫房间tidy up稍稍整理laundry items洗衣项目express service加快服务check核对private room包间menu菜单set menu套餐fully booked定满了rent租schedule计划表recommend推举酒店内设施adapter 连接器brief ease 公文包out of order 坏了coupon奖券Food Mall食品街Ancient Culture Street古文化街fire sprinkler 灭火喷淋coat hanger 大衣架pillow 枕头heating control 加热控制ice tongs 冰夹chair 椅子bedside table 床头桌ceiling light 顶灯luggage stand 行李架swimming bag游泳袋power socket 电源插座note pad 记事簿shoe basket鞋篮ice bucket 冰桶security latch安全门dry cleaning docket 干洗单breakfast menu 早餐菜单light switch 灯开关air conditioner vent空调排风口pillow case枕套coffee table 咖啡桌wall paper 壁纸hair dryer 吹风机standing lamp 地灯valet stand 衣物架switch 开关desk chair（与书桌配套的）椅子laundry docket 洗衣单Do Not Disturb Sign 请勿打扰牌DND sign请勿打扰牌chest of drawers 带抽屉的柜厨sheer curtains 纱窗帘desk lamp 台灯television cabinet 电视柜single bed 单人床double bed 双人床desk书桌dusting 去尘toilet brush 马桶刷子refuse bag 废物袋mopping 拖地scrub 檫洗dustpan and brush 簸箕和刷子detergent 清洁剂vacuum cleaner 吸尘器mop 拖把shampoo 洗发水soap 香皂bath foam 浴液sewing kit 针线盒moisturizer 润肤露shower cap 浴帽shoehorn鞋拔shoe shine檫皮鞋Bedside lamp 床头灯smoke detector 烟感器wardrobe 衣柜television guide电视指南Please Make Up sign 请收拾房间牌PMU sign 请收拾房间牌slippers拖鞋drapes 布帘ceiling屋顶Laundry docket 洗衣单window sill 窗台shopping bag 购物袋bookshelf 书架ground floor (英)底，层，一楼cabinet 橱柜switch 开关Venetian blind 百叶窗帘curtain 窗帘wastebasket 字纸篓tea trolley 活动茶几night table 床头柜first floor (英)二楼，(美)一楼folding screen 屏风hanger 挂钩plug 插头wall plate 壁上挂盘Chinese painting 国画elevator, lift 电梯drawer 抽屉second floor (英)三楼，(美)二楼spring 弹簧cushion 靠垫，垫子socket 插座，插口sitting room 起居室voltage 电压floor 楼层，地板carpentry (总称)木器tea table 茶几bedclothes 床上用品quilt 被子mattress 床垫thermos 热水瓶transformer 变压器酒店前台用语：market price 市价cashiers desk 兑换处coin 硬币accounting desk 帐务处check-out time 退房时间voucher 证件price list 价目表check, cheque 支票sign (动)签字interest 利息form 表格reservation 预订reception desk 接待处tip 小费reservation desk 预订处luggage office 行李房spare (形)多余的postpone (动)延期cancel (动)取消travelers cheque 旅行支票pay (动)付款fill (动)填写administration 管理、经营note 纸币registration desk 入宿登记处lobby 前厅luggage rack 行李架visit card 名片identification card 身份证rate of exchange 兑换率conversion rate 换算率charge (动)收费bill 帐单change money 换钱procedure 手续、程序information desk 问询处luggage label 行李标签overbooking 超额订房reasonable (形)合理的cash (动)兑换keep (动)保留、保存bank draft 汇票accept (动)接受procedure fee 手续费fill in the form 填表酒店的种类：Designed hotel 设计酒店boutique hotel 精品酒店certified hotel for tourism 旅游定点旅馆family hotel 家庭旅馆B&B: 经济型酒店resort hotel 度假区酒店酒店部门：电脑部E.D.P.市场营销部sales & Marketing Division销售部Sales Department公关部Public Relation Department预订部Reservation Department客务部Room Division前厅部Front Office Department管家部Housekeeping Department餐饮部Food & Beverage Department康乐部Recreation and Entertainment Department 工程部Engineering Department保安部Security Department行政部Rear-Service Department商场部Shopping Arcade其他：Oriental Plaza: 东方新天地Forbidden city:故宫High-speed wireless internet: 高速无线上网Owner response: 业主回复Expatriates/ expats:外籍人士/外籍员工F&B:餐饮Mansion/ service-apartment:酒店式公寓English tea:英式红茶/英式下午茶CTS:中国旅行社Prepaid cell: 预付型手机Toiletries: 洗漱用品Morning call 唤醒服务。
世界著名酒店集团及其旗下品牌(World famous hotel group and its brand)
世界著名酒店集团及其旗下品牌（World famous hotel group and itsbrand）旗下主要品牌: 洲际intercontinental, 皇冠crowne plaza, 假日holiday inn, 快捷express by holiday innholiday inn广告语: 自在自我. be yourself.intercontinental hotel广告语: 明白所需, 满足所想.we know what it takes洲际饭店集团旗下有五个品牌, 分别是假日 (holiday inn) 、快捷假日 (holiday inn express 、皇冠假日 (crown plaza) 、洲际饭店及度假村 (intercontinental hotels and resorts) 和staybridge suties by holiday inn.洲际酒店及度假村1998年3月, 巴斯集团以29亿美元从日本saison集团手上收购了洲际饭店及度假饭店, 这项交易使得巴斯集团的饭店数目一下子增添了187间.洲际国际酒店在满足国际商务旅客及消闲旅客的独特需求方面, 洲际饭店已建立了一定的声誉, 它亦善于将全球性的服务标准巧妙地与当地的传统相结合.多年来, 洲际饭店远近驰名, 一直是各国商界所喜爱入住的饭店.此外, 洲际饭店具有的独特文化特色及其在顶级饭店市场的地位, 使集团的饭店品牌日趋多元化.皇冠假日酒店及度假村皇冠假日品牌的前身是由假日饭店于1983年衍生出来的饭店品牌, 1994年发展成为独立的饭店品牌, 以突出其高品味高消费的市场形象及以商务旅客为主的特色.皇冠饭店及度假饭店以合理的价格提供高档的饭店住宿设施.它专为满足今日精明的旅客的需求而设, 并以提供更优质的服务及设施来迎合那些追求物有所值的商务旅客.目前, 超过140家皇冠饭店分布于全球40多个国家, 每家皇冠饭店均提供先进的会议设施、专职负责会议的专业员工及完善的商业服务; 同时, 还配备有设备齐全的健美中心、餐饮设施和多样化的休闲活动.假日酒店及度假村假日饭店以超值的价格为今日的商务及休闲旅客提供可靠友善的服务以及现代化的设施.无论在大小城镇、寂静的公路沿线、还是在熙来攘往的机场附近, 均可看到假日饭店的踪影, 因为提供全面服务的假日饭店都是位于交通方便的地区.目前, 假日饭店在全球已开设了1600多间饭店, 其不仅保持着全球最具规模的单一饭店品牌的地位, 同时也是世界上最广为人知的饭店品牌之一.洲际国际酒店快捷假日洲际饭店集团的前身六洲饭店集团于1991年推出快捷假日饭店, 这一举动成为饭店业史上最成功的事件之一.该集团通过创造这一品牌, 迅速地划分出一类中档饭店市场, 这类饭店只提供有限的饭店服务而不包含餐饮设施.在不到十年的时间里, 快捷假日饭店品牌在世界各地的饭店数目已增至1000多家.清新、简洁是快捷假日饭店的特色, 它为商务及休闲旅客提供的收费价格也极具竞争力.至于快捷假日饭店推出的 guest stay smartsm 优惠计划, 除可让宾客免费享用包括新鲜水果、麦片及糕点在内的早餐外, 还可免费使用当地电话服务 (只限美国).此外, 宾客还可在美国及加拿大的各间快捷假日饭店阅读一本曾获奖的饭店专有杂志《navigator》.快捷假日饭店目前以几乎每三天便开设一间新饭店的惊人速度继续扩展.staybridge suties by holiday inn1997年底, 假日饭店属下的staybridge suites饭店正式面世.This is the brand founded by bath group to break into the new extended accommodation hotel market. The first Staybridge Suites opened in Alpharetta, Georgia, USA in December 1998. InterContinental Hotels Group is still actively expanding the brand. Staybridge Suites is a brand have a unique style hotel concept, designed to meet people from all over the world needs continuous stay in the hotel or above the passenger demand on friday. Staybridge Suites has no interval, one or two bedroom suite, suite facilities include large double beds or single bed, sofa bed, interactive TV, spacious and well lit studio, equipped with cooking utensils and household refrigerator, microwave oven, kitchen equipment, it has the characteristics of Home Furnishing.2. Hilton Hotels Corporation (Hilton Hotels Corporation):Its major brands:Hilton (HILTON HOTEL), Conrad (CONRAD HOTELS), Scandi (SCANDIC) (DOUBLE, TREE), Doubletree by Embassy Suites Hotel (EMBASSY SUITE), wood (HOMEWOOD SUITE), Suites Hotel Conference Center Harrison (HARRISON CONFERENCE CENTER), Garden Hotel (GARDEN INN), Hampton (HAMPTON INN AND SUITES) Hotel Hilton, (HILTON GRAND VACATIONS CLUB Vacation Club).Hilton advertising language: Travel, is, more, than, just, a, to, B. travel, not only from A to B.Conrad advertising language: The, luxury, of, being, yourself., noble you!Double tree advertising language: This, summer, is, packed, with, the, fun,, of, kids, at, doubletree!The double tree hotel is full of children's fun this summer!Hotel profile:Hilton International Hotel Group (HI), a branch of the British based Hilton group, has the right to use the "Hilton" brand outside the United states. The Hilton Hotel in the United States is owned and managed by the Hilton Hotel management company (HHC). Hilton International Hotel Group manages 403 hotels, including 261 Hilton Hotel, 142 rooms for the mid market "Scandic Hotel", as well as the distribution and the Hilton Hotel management company headquartered in North American joint venture, in 12 countries in the 18 "Conrad" (also known as the "Conrad Hotel"). Its global marketing alliance with HiltonHotel management has led to a total of over 2700 hotels worldwide, with more than 500 hotels jointly using Hilton's brand.MarriottMarriott International is the world's premier hotel management company, operates in the United States and 67 other countries and regions, manages more than 2800 hotels, and provides about 490500 rooms. The company, based in Washington, D. C., employs about 133000 people. Marriott management group has been named one of 100 employees' favorite companies for six consecutive years by fortune magazine. Marriott owns hotel brands including: Marriott (472, full service hotel, including 13 conference center and 34 JW Marriott Hotel Hong Kong, The Ritz Carlton Hotel (56), deluxe hotel, Risorgimento Hotel (126), Royal Hotel, Courtyard Hotel (616), high price hotel) and Residence Inn (449, long rent a hotel), Fairfield Inn (524, SpringHill Suites (Econo Hotel), 110, a high price, TownePlace Suites (Suites Hotel) 111, mid priced long rent Hotel), Ramada International (in the North American region outside manages 192 Econo Hotel), Vacation Club, by Marriott Horizons, Ritz-Carlton Club and Marriott Grand Residence Club brand management resort hotel (49 Resort Hotel and Marriott Executive Apartments Longin Center (13), senior apartments). Besides,towneplace suites by marriott? 便能迎合大家的需要.欢愉的氛围, 亲切的服务, 齐全的设施, 让每位住客于工作过后, 亦可投进家的怀抱.springhill suites? by marriott想远离烦嚣都市, 投进宁静假期, springhill suites? 是您的完美之选.偌大的套房较其它传统客房面积多出百分之二十五, 无论是休息、工作或享乐的空间亦更为宽裕, 让您享受更佳.无论何时何地, 同样令您的旅程怡然自得.marriott? vacation club internationalmarriott vacation club? international在世界各旅游热点提供分时度假酒店, 无论您在全球多个地区旅游的时候, 也可以入住周全完善的marriott vacation club? international, 任何时候, 享受毕生难忘的旅游体验, 实现写意人生的梦想.5. 卑斯韦斯特酒店管理集团 (best western international).旗下主要品牌.(best western 最佳西方)the western广告语: our worldwide standard for service and amenities.我们国际化的标准服务为的是您的满意.酒店简介: - - - - - - - 1946年, 拥有23年管理经验的旅馆业主guertin建立了最佳西方汽车旅馆.该旅馆最初是作为饭店向旅游者推荐住宿设施的联系渠道, 主要通过前台接线员间的电话联系.集团经营特色及现状: 单个品牌来说是世界第一大的酒店集团.- - - - - - - - - 特色才能出新, 特色才能发展.在当今世界饭店业处于激烈竞争的同时, 最佳西方国际饭店集团在50多年的时期里迅速成长为世界第一大的饭店品牌, 是因为它具有其他饭店无可比拟的独特优势.7.凯宾斯基国际酒店集团.旗下主要品牌: kempinski hotel北京kempinski广告语: 生意成功的方向.the access to success.集团简介: 凯宾斯基集团始建于德国, 已有一百多年的历史, 是传统的欧式风格饭店的典型代表.凯宾斯基集团饭店大多坐落于风景优美, 令人向住的城市.在经营上, 凯宾斯基的理念是: 充分满足客人, 为了充分满足客人的需要, 凯宾斯基推出了 "金钥匙" 全能服务项目.8.喜达屋国际酒店集团 (starwood hotels & resorts worldwide.旗下主要品牌: 瑞吉斯 (st. regis), 至尊精选 (the luxury collection), 喜来登 (sheraton), 威斯汀 (westin), 福朋 (four points) 及w 酒店 w hotels), 美丽殿 (meridian).the luxury collection广告语: collect the world's experience. 精选世界的风采.westin广告语: explore and experience. 探索, 体验.w: well, hello there hotels广告语. w酒店, 欢迎您.集团简介.其中 (圣瑞吉斯) 和the luxury collection (至尊精选) 都是集团内最顶级的奢华品牌, le meridien (艾美) 和westin (威斯汀) 是高端的奢华品牌; w饭店是个性化、时尚的代名词; sheraton (喜来登) 和four points by sheraton (福朋喜来登) 则是中端的品牌, 扩张速度也最快; aloft和element则分别由w饭店管理团队和westin 酒店管理团队新近倾力打造出的新品牌.westin在重新打造超高档酒店市场之初创立了element这一品牌, 它融合了智能化设计、现代化风格和融洽的社交环境.The target customers for long-term occupancy needs of travelers, to let them on the tour can be perfect to enjoy life; and aloft with the same strain of the W Hotel, W hotel building created by the same team effort, it is widely regarded as one of the most successful decades of new brands. W Hotel break regulation high consumption areas of the hotel on the chaos, aloft will improve the mid-range hotel industry standard in the same way, to provide full urban style and large space LOFT style rooms, advanced technology service, suitable for daily activities and social night scenery beautiful outdoor space and vibrant hall background.The brand influence of Starwood has been recognized by the industry, which is now the second largest market in china. Its implementation of "Starwood care" and "STAR services four standards" has become the industry's recognized standardsName: St. Regis / St. Regis Hongta grade: the number of platinum 5 star The Globe Hotel: the number of <20 China: 2 China flagship store: Beijing international club opening: Tianjin St. Regis Hotel, Tibet Rigi Hostellerie competitor: introductionRitz-Carlton, Seasons, Four Park Hyatt brands: St. Regis Hotelis the most upscale hotel the symbol of the world, represents the high standard of absolute private service. It has a long history, the first St. Regis Hotel opened in New York is 1904 Nianasituo Colonel, Colonel Astor with Europe wide service to honor their friends and business partners. This service is unique in the industry, making St. John's hotel a classic in the global hospitality industry. In March 1, 2000, Beijing international Club Hotel is located in Beijing Jianguomenwai Street officially changed the name of the English Beijing (St. Regis Beijing, the original name Chinese unchanged), which marks the hotel will be in full accordance with the San Regis's model and standard action, it became the first hotel in the Asia Pacific region. Beijing international club for more than 80% of the guests are European and American business people; more than 90% of The St. Regis Shanghai are business guests, including 40% from China, 25% from the United States, 10-15% from Japan and Europe, more than 40% Hotel guest. Name: Luxury Collection grade: the number of platinum 5 star The Globe Hotel: number 17 China: 0 China flagship store: 0 competitors:Ritz-Carlton, Four Seasons, Park of Hyatt, Peninsula brand: the luxury collection is a unique combination of providing service for the top guests create new styles in the STARWOOD group of hotels and resorts. There are only 17 homes in the world, each of which has more than 300 years of history and only receives dignitaries and Royal families. The best hotels in the world have the characteristics of gorgeous decor, spectacular furnishings, impeccable service, and the facilities of the most modern conveniences. The luxury is not inferior to the St. Regis Hongta, but the number is less. Advertising language: Collect, the, world, s, experience, featured in the world! Name: Amy / Meridian grade: the number of platinum 5 star The Globe Hotel:number 140 China: 3- Hongkong Le Meridien Munich Hotel Shanghai Le Meridien Munich Hotel Sheshan Le Royal Meridien Hotel Shanghai World Trade China flagship store: Hongkong Le Meridien Munich Hotel competition: JW Marriott opening soon: introduction to the Hainan Shi Meiai hotel brands: the old El Luxor Hotel brand in France, formerly Ford Hotel Group's top brands the newly acquired by STARWOOD. Le Meridien Munich Hotel and resorts are located in the world's top cities and resorts, covering Europe, the Americas, the Asia Pacific region, Africa and the middle east. In the survey of luxury brands in 2005, Le Meridien Munich Hotel ranked among the top 15 luxury hotel brands. Name: W platinum 5 star grade hotel: the number of China: 0 China flagship store opening soon: 0: Shanghai W hotel brand for guests for the first time in the hotel brand mostly make the "Wah" marvel, the name W Hotel.W hotel of Starwood hotel business guests experience redefined according to the characteristics of business guests have a new design of service facilities and services. W hotel is a five star hotel in Starwood brands bought Sheraton and WESTIN hotel after the new features, designed specifically for business guests and independent boutique hotel facilities and services combined with the market position in a 70% to 75% individual business travellers and 15% to 20% small business guests team the target market. W Hotel Fashion is synonymous with fashion, the hotel design gives a very modern, beautiful, high-tech, sense of Cool, the target market for young people, successful entertainment, fashion circle crowd. Advertisement: Well Hello, there. W Hotel, welcome you! Name: Class: the number of platinum 5 star Westin China 2- Shanghai: Westin Grand Washington D C Hotel Beijing Westin Financial Street China flagship store:Shanghai Westin Grand Washington D C Hotel competitor:JW-Marriott, Shangri-La is opening: introduction of Guangzhou Westin Grand Washington D C Hotel, Tianjin Westin Grand Washington D C Hotel, Nanjing Westin Grand Washington D C Hotel, Jiulong Mountain Westin Hotel, brand: STARWOOD team veteran upscale Traders Hotel, the hotel industry has been located in the the leader and innovator in the ranks. Westin hotels are located in important commercial areas, each of which has different architectural styles and furnishings. And The, Luxury, Collection, compared to the pursuit of luxury hardware, highlighting the business climate. At the beginning of 70s, by Malaysia Hotel magnate Guo Henian dug a team at Westin Hotel Group in Singapore, established the first Shangri-La Hotel, Shangri-La hotel's original management core idea is to copy Westin. Advertising language: Explore & Experience. explore and experience! Name: Sheraton grade: the number of 5 star China: 19 China flagship store: the Great Wall Sheraton Hotel opening: Sheraton Chongqing, Sheraton Guangzhou, Guiyang Sheraton, Sheraton Hangzhou, Sheraton Pudong, Shenzhen mesago Sheraton, Shenzhen Fukuda Kikudo, Sheraton Taiyuan, Nakayama Kikudo Marriott, competitors: introduction Renainssance, Hyatt, Sofitel, Crown Plaza, Sheraton is the world's top 500 brands: STARWOOD management group's most prestigious brand franchise has more than 700 hotels in more than 80 countries around the world. In 63 years, the friendly hospitality of the Sheraton Hotel has a very good reputation in the market competition, always come out on top, so that not only become a symbol of national and regional opening degree and economic strength, is an important symbol of modern international metropolis. As a model of global luxury hotel, Sheraton on the site is very strict, mainly located in the bustling metropolis and resortsin the world's most attractive, like New York, Manhattan, Paris, Tokyo Ladd side of shinjuku...... Since the Sheraton entered China in 1983, its hotels opened in China are not only distributed in Beijing, Shanghai and other international cities, but have also been stationed in the second tier cities in china. Its expansion rate is the fastest in the STARWOOD group, and is one of the most important brands in the group. Name: Sheraton grade 4: the number of China: 2- Four Points by Sheraton Shenzhen Pudong Four Points & Suites Calgary West Hotel China flagship store opening soon: Pudong Four Points & Suites Calgary West Hotel: Dalian Sheraton Hotel, Changshu Sheraton Hotel, Shanghai Four Points & Suites Calgary West Hotel Daning rival Courtyard, Inn, Holiday: Park Plaza, Traders brand: SHERATON was acquired by STARWOOD was ITT the company at the time, ITT SHERATON has three brands: four FOUR POINTS, five star SHERATON, super star LUXURY COLLECTION. FOUR POINTS is an inherent brand of Sheraton, so the word "BY SHERATON" is usually added to the FOUR POINTS.四点shetaton和喜来登可理解为姊妹酒店，只是前者档次稍低。
精读与翻译
Unit Two China's Haier Power —Antony PaulTEXTIn the archives of China’s modern management lore, the events at a Qingdao appliance factory in the summer of 1985 have begun to acquire the dimensions of legend. Something like, say, the day Henry Ford separated the manufacture of a valve into 21 steps or when Akio Morita made Sony’s first length of recording tape in a frying pan.By the early 1980s, the Qingdao General Refrigerator Factory had become a typical example of a business in the last stages of socialist decay: heavy debt, grumpy workers, shoddy products, service from hell. One day in August an unhappy customer came to the work site to complain of having bought a dud refrigerator—no small complaint in those days, when only two or three of every 1000 urban Chinese households owned such a luxury.Watched by CEO Zhang Ruimin, then 36, the customer rejected dozens of imperfect refrigerators. Finally he settled on one and left, declaring himself satisfied. Zhang wasn’t. He went through his warehouse, rechecking the refrigerators. “Of the 400 or so there, I found 76 that I didn’t want released to the market,” he recalls.He had the rejects placed in an open space. Then he called his staff of some 600 together, showed them the refrigerators, and passed arou nd a sledgehammer. “Destroy them!”he ordered. The workers hesitated, but Zhang insisted. “If we pass these 76 for sale,” he told them, “we’ll be continuing a mistake that has all but bankrupted our company.” Soon piles of shattered metal littered the ware house floor.That burst of cathartic violence did more than turn a few refrigerators to rubbish. It set the stage for the regeneration of the Qingdao factory and the creation of one of China’s most interesting companies, now known as the Haier Group Co. Haier’s makeover has proved that it is possible to transform even a rotten socialist enterprise into a vibrant and prosperous company. And the sledgehammer? Refrigerator assembly-line workers have placed it in a wall display.Zhang’s next goal is to crack th e FORTUNE Global 500. He has a long way to go. In 1998 the group’s sales totaled $2.3 billion; that’s more than 5000 times as much as in 1985, but less than a third of the revenue of No. 500 on FORTUNE’s global list. Still, Haier is a very big fish in the smaller pond that is the China market. It is tops in air conditioners (36.8% market share), freezers (47.2%), refrigerators(40%), and washing machines (35.9%). It is fourth in color TVs and also makes a host of other small appliances, such as water heaters and microwave ovens. And it is growing fast: Since 1984 it has averaged an increase of 83% a year in revenues. Haier now has 50 units (18 are wholly owned, 23 are holding companies, and there are nine joint ventures). It has more than 20000 employees and some $1.1 billion in assets. Its products are sold in 87 countries, and it is building factories in Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, and Iran. Nor is Haier just a Third World wonder. In the U.S. it says it has nearly 20% of the market for small refrigerators. Haier air conditioners have made inroads in Europe.The company that Zhang brought back from the dead is a “collective enterprise,”one of some 25 million quasi-socialist commercial entities owned in principle by the workers but supervised by local bureaucracies and Communist Party officials. Thoughthe problems of such small or middling, often city-based firms are not exactly the same as those of China’s vast, gangrenous state-owned heavy enterprises, both have suffered from a lack of accountability and poor management.Haier has been able to solve those problems, even though it is still officially a city collective and Zhang therefore a city employee. (At the same time, it is listed on the Shanghai exchange and would like to be listed overseas: Chinese capitalism can be curious.) The company’s organizational chart lists a category, “Party and Masses System,” not to be found outside China. There are subheads for the Propaganda Department, the Party Office, and the Armed Department. The city government is a constant factor. “We work in a mixed economy,” Zhang says. “You have to have three eyes: one on the market, one on the workers, and one on policy.” The larger point is that Haier’s success shows that even within these constraints, it is possible to resuscitate collective and state-owned enterprises.Zhang, the only son of a worker in a Qingdao shirt factory, says his first love was ancient Chinese literature. As he tells it today, Lao-tzu (a sixth century B.C. philosopher) and Sun Tzu (a military writer of the fourth century B.C.) provide food for thought for modern businessmen as well as ancient warriors. Lao-tzu has advice about running a company:“When the effective leader is finished with his work, the people say it happened naturally.”Sun Tzu is relevant on, among other things, marketing strategy:“ Uproar in the East; attack in the West.”When Zhang was in his 20s, schools were closed for several years because of the Cultural Revolution. He spent much of the period in solitary reading and slowly rising through the Qingdao municipal administration, then a Soviet-style command structure for local industry. With an eye on the future, he also absorbed, discreetly, Western and Japanese management texts.His chance to put his gleanings into practice came unexpectedly in 1984. As China opened to the West, foreign companies sought out Chinese factories to do business with. The Qingdao refrigerator factory, Haier’s own Website concedes, was then merely a “row of shabby buildings containing several lathes”w ith a production capacity of 84 units a month. And it was losing money: $179000 in 1984. Liebherr-Haushaltsgerate, a leading German white-goods manufacturer, offered to sell the factory modern refrigerator-making technology. The city accepted. Pessimistic about the factory’s ability to absorb the technology, the managing director resigned. Zhang, by then vice manager of the municipality’s Household Appliances Division, was given the job.The early months were a manager’s nightmare. That first winter the fa ctory had no money for heating coal: His workers burned wood stripped from the factory’s window frames. Nepotism was rife, production spasmodic, quality laughable. Staff members spent much of their time rubbernecking at funerals in a nearby crematorium.Bu t by then China’s agricultural reforms had made it possible for farming cooperatives to accumulate cash reserves. With loans from farming friends on Qingdao’s outskirts, Zhang paid workers some of the back pay. His most popular move was the purchase of a bus. The workers lived some distance from the factory, and getting to and from work was a heavy burden. A bus was a luxury and a promise of better things. Zhang shocked his workers by commuting with them every day.(Lao-tzu:“Let rule be entrusted to him who treats his rank as if it were his soul.”) As the Liebherr technology was introduced, Zhang placed samples of the German company’s products in sight of his assembly-line workers so that they could see what quality looked like. By 1986, Haier had broken even. The refrigerator company took over three other Qingdao white-goods enterprises, and turned the whole lot into the Qingdao Haier Group in 1991.Other than a technology cooperation agreement, which is scheduled to conclude in 2001, the Liebherr connection ended in 1994. Haier had simply outgrown the relationship. It no longer needed to buy German equipment—in fact, it was selling its own manufacturing technology to foreign companies. Last year, for example, it sold appliance technology to Spain. But the g roup’s name is a reminder of the link :“Haier” is a Chinese phonetic approximation of “Liebherr.”The Haier turnaround is a case study of the art—and is used as such at Harvard Business School. There were two major strategies: expansion and management. First, the Haier style. A visitor to the 120-acre Haier Industrial Park in suburban Qingdao finds an assembly-line culture that appears to be a mix of foreign management practices and Chinese nationalism—with a whiff or two of Maoist-era self-criticism. Zhang has clearly absorbed the works of Masaaki Imai, a leading guru of Japanese quality control. Imai’s “5-S movement” takes its name from the initials of five Japanese words whose romanizations start with “s.” Their rough translations: seiri (discard the unnecessary); seiton (arrange tools in the order of use); seisoh (keep the work site clean); seiketsu (keep yourself clean); shitsuke (follow workshop disciplines).Haier has added a sixth item, “safety,” and instills the system through the “6-S self-check sta tion.” At the beginning and end of each shift, a worker judged responsible for a mistake must stand on a painted spot on the workroom floor in full view of his work mates. Workers who fail to reform may be criticized in the company newsletter or fined or, after several warnings, fired, a final step formerly all but unheard of in China. To those who complain that the system is too difficult, an executive sniffs, “The market has no tears.”A look at the ubiquitous wall posters in Haier factories spells out th e “Haier spirit” (HARDWORKING AND MAKING SACRIFICE TO THE NATION) and the “Haier style” (PROMPT REACTION TO THE MARKET). Helping facilitate the transfer of these management concepts to new acquisitions is the Haier Enterprise Culture Center, headed by Su Fangwen. Su, who joined Haier in 1988, has become something of a legend. Her talent is to teach discipline and quality control to people who have never before worked in an environment in which such things matter. This friendly, purposeful thirtysomething and her aides are first on the scene when Haier takes over a new company. They are familiar with Western management—Zhang cites Michael Porter and Peter Senge as influences—but training methods have a distinctly Chinese flair. One example: The proliferation of five-star hotels has given Su an opportunity to dramatize for assembly-line workers the higher standards the global market-place demands. Hence one of Su’s wall slogans: TO EXPAND MARKET SHARE, OFFER SERVICE LIKE A FIVE-STAR HOTEL’S.If all this sounds like just so much camp cheerleading, it’s instructive to note thatamong Su’s rah-rah signs are those with a sterner ring. One stark message informs the factory floor:(1) SOME WORKERS LACK A SENSE OF QUALITY. (2) SOME FOREMEN HA VE TOLERATED SLOPPINESS. (3) SOME DIRECTORS ARE SLACKING. COOPERATE TO IMPROVE!ExercisesⅠ. Translate the following into English, using the words or phrases in the text:1.跻身“财富”全球500强to crack the FORTUNE Global 5002.由工人监督的集体所有制企业 a collective enterprise supervised by workers3.对工厂吸收技术能力持悲观态度be pessimistic about the factory’s ability to absorb technology4.国外管理实践与中国民族主义的结合the incorporation of foreign management practices and Chinese nationalism5.日本质量监控的领袖人物 a leading guru of Japanese quality control6.将管理理念传输到新的合并企业acquisitions中去to transfer the management concepts to new acquisitions7.在中国冰箱市场的支配地位the dominant position in China’s refrigerator market8.一个有关管理艺术的案例分析 a case study of the management art9.让劣质产品大量投放市场to let shoddy products released to the market in large quantities10.为企业的革新创造条件to set the stage for the renovation of the enterprise11.在母公司控制之下的全资子公司和控股公司the wholly-owned companies and holding companies under the control of the parent company12.吸纳从国有企业分流出来的下岗人员to soak up the lay-offs released from state-owned companies13.向该工厂出售现代电冰箱制造技术to sell modern refrigerator-making technology to the factory14.占工业企业大多数的国有企业the state-owned enterprises accounting for the majority of industrial enterprises 15.本国支柱产业的发展the development of domestic pillar industriesⅡ. Translate the following sentences into English:1.虽然这家合资企业发展得很快，但要实现它跻身于“财富”全球500强cracking the Fortune Global 500的目标依然任重而道远。
全球订房网在华拓展商旅市场
全球订房网在华拓展商旅市场
李龙山
【期刊名称】《中国会展》
【年(卷),期】2013(000)014
【摘要】7月2日，全球订房网（WWW．HRS．cn）在北京举行新闻发布会，CEO托比亚斯·莱格与大中华区商旅业务董事总经理姜君一起宣布HRS全球订房网北京分公司正式成立。
HRS是在线的旅行酒店解决方案专家，超过25万家酒店与其签约，这些酒店分布在180多个国家。
分公司的成立标志着HRS正加大投资中国的力度，拓展以北京为辐射核心的北方市场。
HRS同时在发布会上宣布，将在北方市场正式推出HRS在线智能酒店采购项目．帮助客户确定酒店采购成本节约的潜在区域，优化采购酒店的配置，并基于庞大的数据支持控制商务旅行成本：【总页数】1页(P23-23)
【作者】李龙山
【作者单位】《中国会展》编辑部
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】F592.3
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中国著名酒店名称
中国著名酒店武汉酒店香格里拉饭店SHANGRI-LA HOTEL东方大酒店Oriental Hotel湖滨花园酒店lake view garden hotel东湖大厦East Lake Hotel港澳中心商务酒店HK&Macao Center Business Hotel亚洲大酒店WUHAN ASIA HOTEL白玫瑰大酒店White Rose Hotel北京酒店：港澳中心瑞士酒店Swissotel Beijing Hongkong Macau Center兆龙饭店ZHAOLONG HOTEL名人国际大酒店Celebrity International Grand Hotel国际饭店Beijing International Hotel华侨大厦Prime Hotel北京龙城皇冠假日酒店Imperial crown holiday inn of the city of dragon of Beijing上海酒店：仁和宾馆Benevolence hotel上海鑫龙酒店Prosperous dragon's hotels of Shanghai上海申华商务大酒店Shanghai explains the commercial hotel of China上海一百假日酒店holiday inns in Shanghai上海新世纪大厦酒店公寓Apartment of mansion hotel in the new century of Shanghai 上海沪江宾馆River hotel of Shanghai of Shanghai杭州流水苑宾馆Flowing water garden hotel of Hangzhou杭州商业大厦Hangzhou Commercial Center杭州凯悦大酒店Triumphant happy hotel of Hangzhou杭州百合花酒店Lily hotels of Hangzhou合肥酒店：安徽澳瑞特酒店Auspicious special hotels of Australia of Anhui 新世纪大厦Mansion in the new century和平国际大酒店International hotel of the peace索菲特明珠国际大酒店Sofitel Grand Park Hefei古井假日酒店Holiday inn of ancient well福州酒店:福州金仕顿大酒店Kingston Hotel如家快捷酒店For instance, swift hotels of home邦辉大酒店Banghui Hotel成龙国际大酒店Success Link International Hotel福州美伦华美达大饭店Ramada Plaza Fuzhou兰州酒店:兰州锦江阳光酒店Sunshine hotels of Jin Jiang River of Lanzhou 甘肃金城旅游宾馆Travel hotel of money city of Gansu甘肃新世纪酒店Hotels in new century of Gansu西兰国际大酒店Blue international hotel of the west四方酒店Hotels all sides兰州飞天大酒店Fly sky hotel of Lanzhou宝利来大酒店The treasure profit comes to the hotel.柏豪酒店Bold hotels of cypress洪岭大酒店Big mountain range hotel华中国际酒店International hotels of Central China深运大酒店Transport the hotel deeply联城酒店Unite city hotels广州酒店:龙口明珠大酒店Pearl hotel of Longkou荣威大酒店Majestic hotel of the honour广州惠福大酒店Favor good fortune hotel of Guangzhou东方丝绸大厦Eastern silk mansion广州富丽华大酒店Rich hotel of China of Guangzhou广州民航大酒店Hotel of civil aviation of Guangzhou白云鸿波山庄Swan's wave mountain villa of white cloud华威达酒店China reaches hotels majestically桂林酒店:桂林零点大酒店Zero point hotel of Gui Lin南宁明园饭店Bright garden hotel of Nanning桂山大酒店Mountain hotel of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 香江饭店Hotel of HongKong桂林丹桂大酒店Orange osmanthus hotel of Gui Lin中旅大酒店China travels in the hotel桂林观光酒店Visit hotels in Gui Lin乐满地度假酒店Resort hotel happily and fully新凯悦酒店New triumphant happy hotels北海酒店：富丽华大酒店Rich hotel of China荔珠国际大酒店International hotel of litch and pearl石林大酒店Stone forest hotel香格里拉大饭店Giant hotel of Shangri-la海口酒店:海口奥斯罗克大酒店Haikou Roek hotel then海南海油菜大厦Sea rape mansion of Hainan海口兴华园酒店Revitalize garden hotels of China in Haikou海口宝华海景大酒店Seascape hotel of China of the treasure of Haikou海口国际金融大酒店Hotel of international finance of Haikou海口新温泉国际大酒店New international hotel of hot spring of Haikou海南华运凯莱大饭店China of Hainan transports the triumphant giant hotel of fields lying fallow in rotation海口海润大酒店Moisten the hotel in the sea of Haikou海星云龙湾度假村Dragon's gulf holiday village of starfish cloud石家庄酒店:河北世纪饭店Hotel of Hebei century河北中国大酒店Chinese hotel of Hebei河北正定国豪大酒店Hebei is booking the bold hotel of the country河北人防大厦People's air defense mansion of Hebei石家庄国宾大酒店State guest in Shijiazhuang hotel石家庄世贸皇冠酒店Imperial crown hotels of World Trade Organization of Shijiazhuang石家庄中京大酒店Hotel of Beijing in Shijiazhuang金圆大厦Round mansion of gold石家庄国际大厦International Building of Shijiazhuang中京大酒店Hotel of Beijing of China郑州酒店:郑州天泉大酒店Day spring hotel of Zhengzhou龙门大酒店Hotel of Longmen欧亚大酒店Hotel of Eurasia济源雅士达酒店The refined scholar in Jiyuan reaches hotels河南民航大酒店(郑州) Hotel of civil aviation of Henan (Zhengzhou)中州皇冠宾馆Crowne Plaza Zhengzhou长春锦江花园大酒店Garden hotel of Jin Jiang River of Changchun长春吉林丽洋大酒店Beautiful foreign hotel of Jilin of Changchun长春金都饭店Money hotel of Changchun吉林亚泰饭店Inferior safe hotel of Jilin长春华侨饭店Overseas Chinese in Changchun hotel长春国际大厦酒店Changchun International Building hotel长春紫荆花饭店Chinese redbud hotel of Changchun长春国际会展中心大饭店International giant hotel of Convention and Exhibition Center of Changchun南京酒店:斯亚花园酒店Hotels of inferior garden then侨鸿皇冠假日酒店Live abroad in swan's imperial crown holiday inn巴蜀人家大酒店Others' hotel of SiChuan南京金桥饭店Money bridge hotel of Nanjing江苏新世纪大酒店Hotel in the new century of Jiangsu江苏大酒店Hotel of Jiangsu南京侨鸿皇冠酒店Live abroad in swan's imperial crown hotels in Nanjing 南京国际会议大酒店International conference hotel of Nanjing南昌酒店:江西七星商务酒店Business hotel of seven stars of Jiangxi锦昌大酒店Prosperous hotel of the silk济南酒店:山东东方航空大酒店Eastern aviation hotel of Shandong金马大厦酒店Golden Horse mansion hotel济南蟠龙山大酒店Curl in the hotel of Longshan in Jinan莱钢济南大酒店Hotel of Jinan of Laigang山东大厦Mansion of Shandong济南泉景酒店Spring scene hotels of Jinan山东新闻大厦News mansion of Shandong玉泉森信大酒店Simpson hotel of jade spring济南城建宾馆Urban construction hotel of Jinan济南铁道大酒店Railway hotel of Jinan太原酒店:太航大酒店Navigate in the hotel very much太原市唐都大酒店Tang hotel of market of Taiyuan山西阳光大酒店Sunshine hotel of Shanxi晋武宾馆Military hotel the Jin Dynasty航油大酒店Boat oil hotel新纪元大酒店Hotel in new era太平洋酒店Hotels of Pacific Ocean太原湖滨饭店Lakeside hotel of T aiyuan太原田和宾馆Field and hotel of Taiyuan煤炭大厦Coal mansion西安酒店:西安长安城堡大酒店Castle hotel of Chang An of Xi'an西安建苑大厦Build the garden mansion in Xi'an西安蕾德曼酒店Graceful hotels of Germany of flower bud of Xi'an西安天顺大酒店Xi'an heaven obeys the hotel西安铁通商务酒店Iron trading affair hotels of Xi'an西安申鹏国际商务酒店Explain roc's international business hotel in Xi'an万年大酒店Hotel in ten thousand years成都酒店:成都帝殿宾馆Hall hotel of the emperor in Chengdu云龙酒店Cloud dragon's hotels锦里客栈Inn in the silk鹤翔山庄The crane circles in the air in the mountain villa寰岛鱼凫国都温泉大酒店Fish's wild duck's hotel of hot spring of national capital of extensive region island彭州金瑞大酒店Auspicious hotel of the the Peng 's money新光华大酒店New brilliance hotel天津酒店:天津警备区鞍山道招待所A hostel of An'shan of garrison command in Tianjin天津滨江万丽酒店Ten thousand beautiful hotels of Binjiang in Tianjin开发区大地中心酒店Hotels of the earth centre of development zone天津天波大酒店Day wave hotel of Tianjin红楼大酒店Hotel of red building天津会宾园大酒店Know guest's garden hotel in Tianjin皇宫酒店Hotels of imperial palace天津金皇大酒店Emperor's hotel of the money of Tianjin 昆明酒店:云南明都大酒店Bright hotel of Yunnan昆明佳新大酒店Good new hotel of Kunming昆明中玉酒店Jade hotels in Kunming昆明樱花假日酒店Oriental cherry holiday inn of Kunming 昆明万怡酒店Ten thousand happy hotels in Kunming世博花园酒店Hotels of rich garden generation昆明国际大酒店International hotel of Kunming天和大酒店Tianhe hotel昆明石林大酒店Shiling hotel of Kunming重庆酒店:锦绣大酒店Beautiful hotel太极大酒店Taiji hotel重庆渝都大酒店Hotel of Chongqing of Chongqing讯大酒店Space news hotel重庆国际大饭店International giant hotel of Chongqing重庆富安大酒店The hotel is fitted richly in Chongqing。
麦当劳 案例分析 英文
CASE STUDYThe main experience the success of the McDonald's restaurants(1)- QSCV marketing idea;(2) a strong new product development work, to innovate, to maximize meetthe new requirements of the customers, enhance competitiveness;(3) increase advertising costs greatly, there is no doubt that McDonald'shuge advertising expenses is it continue to the effective measures to maintain the leading position in the food industry;(4) standardized management;(5) - the franchise and chain operation management mode, namely thecompany sale branch franchise of 20 years, strictly for S, Q, C standardization, high dispersion of branch can be independent management mode.Q (Quality) represent the Quality of the product.Bread is not round and uneven without incision;Milk plasma receiving temperature below 4 ℃, high once return;A piece of burgers to pass more than 40 quality control inspection.S (Service) on behalf of the Service, including shop building fast is comfortable, the operating time of convenience, Service attitude of sales staff, etc.Smile is a feature of McDonald's, all training member show smiling face, lively, bright and customer talk, work, make customers feel satisfied.C (Cleanliness) on behalf of the clean.McDonald's employees in the specification, there is a provision which is "rather than against the wall to rest, got up and clean", ten thousand thousands of stores around the world all employees must comply with this provision.Employees before mount guard operation must be strictly with hand sanitizer disinfection sterilization, hands knead for at least 20 seconds and then rinse.V (Value) represent the Value.McDonald's food nutrition through scientific ratio, nutrition is rich, the price is reasonable.Let the customer enjoy fast food nutrition in the clean environment, this is called "value".McDonald's is the most successful fast food chain in the world today, in 72 countries at present set up more than 14000, 28 million customers a day, and with an average of 7.3 hours each new open a restaurant with the speed of development.And customers walk into any place, any a McDonald's restaurant, you will find that the building exterior, interior, food here to specifications and the attendant manners, clothing apparel, and many other aspects are strikingly similar, can give customers the enjoyment of the same standard.The corresponding countermeasures(1)McDonald's ordinary staff wages are lower, turnover rate of nearly 50%,this has to do with the pace of the McDonald's global expansion has an inevitable relationship too fast, employees, and a lot of money for business expansion, employee welfare treatment can reduce obviously, based on this, McDonald's should be appropriately raise welfare treatment of ordinary staff, at the same time, strengthen the construction of enterprise culture, strengthen the company's humanistic care to employees.(2)for a single McDonald's direction, the problem of risk, the nextMcDonald's should be keep in the fast-food industry established on the basis of the first to peripheral industry into the fast food industry, gradually transition, cross-industry investment again, can be in the hotel, real estate, toys and other industries, spread risk, will be built into a McDonald's fast food as the core of integrated companies.(3) as the McDonald's store, the more the expansion soon, other competitors pace of expansion is not slow, and fast food market capacity is limited, this leads to the increasing competition, and even some countries and regions have hots up, in the face of such situation, McDonald's should be good to strengthen their own competitive advantage and market position on the basis of steady, planned expansion, at the same time, constant product innovation and marketing innovation to attract customers, enhance market competitiveness.In addition to intensify advertising delivery, strengthen the company's internal management system innovation.(4) has repeatedly by Revelations of McDonald's food is not healthy, obviously now McDonald's more or less in the trust crisis, for this kind of situation, on the one hand, McDonald's should strengthen the supervision of food safety and quality, forming a set of complete quality supervision system, from the source to eliminate harmful food, on the other hand, McDonald's should roll out has a high nutritional value of food, the amount of fat, salt less of certain foods. CUSTOMERIs not only in China, McDonald's (project) in the United States has lost more and more customers, especially the young people.Disaster will never walk alone.Fu xi (project) events of July to the performance of McDonald's China has brought the huge impact, McDonald's now faces a much more profound problem - the United States are fewer and fewer young people to visit McDonald's.Technomic food industry research institutions,according to new data since early 2011, the number of monthly dinner at McDonald's, 19 to 21 consumers fell by 12.9%.As the world's largest restaurant chain institutions, the core of McDonald's customers has always been in their 20 s and 30 s of the consumers.Young customers reduce performance influence has brought obvious to McDonald's.In July, McDonald's global same-store sales 2.5% decline, this is the biggest drop since 2003.In the United States, the opening time to meet and exceed 13 months of McDonald's store's sales have been falling since the beginning of the year.For McDonald's, it is a bigger problem than fu xi events.Young customers reduce, not because they no longer like fast food.Is also a Technomic data, in the same period, consumers are turning to other leisure food, monthly visits to customers, 19 to 21, consumers have increased by 2.3%, 22 to consumers, 37, increased by 5.2%.Then why do more and more young people no longer like McDonald's?innovationThe core of McDonald's products has always been a burger, such as the big MAC and fries, accounted for 40% of total sales.But in recent years, the company's product innovation to a wrong direction: launched a wide variety of new products, but there are few successful innovative products.This is typical of big corporate innovation, and is invalid.So it is easy to understand why young people tired of McDonald's.trendAs a young man of the brand,McDonald's has lead, but not now.See now young people fascinated by those things: mobile phones, social networking, online shopping, games, McDonald's more often is a lively.Want to think you go to a McDonald's can do?Slowly, need to register, limited wi-fi, and more and more long waiting time.marketingSame as a consumer brand, win business network McDonald's (project) is not a good use of mobile phones and mobile Internet brings opportunity.McDonald's can do is to provide order of App, but for greater understanding and connection of consumers inadequate investment opportunity.Even in traditional marketing, McDonald's also behave isn't good enough, it is hard to imagine the "Chinese good voice" and "where dad" the mainstream program can't see the McDonald's in the main sponsor of this brand.Prior to the events in the fu xi (project), McDonald's China still enjoy high-growth benefits brought by the market.McDonald's set up shop in China last year, 275, its global McDonald's at the same time open a shop the record for the fastest growing, McDonald's China store plans for 300 this year.For any enjoy market benefits of company, ignore the change of the market will be the largest cost in the future.Both the Chinese market, and the global market, and now is a period of market environment changes.Even McDonald's stability better fast food company, also need to make a great adjustment to adapt to market changes.In thepast few years, McDonald's has made a bold attempt on the product.Since 2006, successively introduced the snack wrap, McAfee, fresh fruit smoothie and iced coffee and other st year, McDonald's attempts to reached a climax, launched a series of new products.Only in China, McDonald's has 17 kinds of Hamburg, 15 kinds of drinks.Too many products to McDonald's has brought many problems, including supply chain become more complex, customer waiting time is longer, but the most important thing is to make McDonald's lost focus.McDonald's chief operating officer Fang Zhenyu said publicly in January this year, the company "frequency of too much, to launch new products quickly, so many new products bring more complexity, lead to the development of our (in 2013)."To know in the 1940 s, McDonald's on the menu is only 9 kinds of food, including hamburgers, cheeseburgers, soft drinks, milk, coffee, chips and pie.For any company, product innovation does not mean that the number of accumulation, also is not just to join the localization of the element.A good product is to let the user feel excited and impulsive, food should do this.But for McDonald's, the need to change is not just a product.Deeper problems facing the company is how to reshape their brand, let yourself to become a friendly and attractive destination for the young.This social change too fast, and the young man happens to be the most sensitive that a group of people.If youcan't understand their customers and make a change, then a strong brand will be collapsed.Business is like that.不仅是在中国，麦当劳（专题阅读）在美国本土也流失了越来越多的顾客，尤其是年轻人。
山东省2024-2025学年高三上学期新高考联合质量测评9月联考英语试题(含答案,无听力音频)
试卷类型：A 山东新高考联合质量测评9月联考试题高三英语本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的学校、姓名、班级、座号、考号填涂在相应位置。
2．选择题答案必须使用2B铅笔（按填涂样例）正确填涂：非选择题答案必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写，绘图时，可用2B铅笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3．请按照题号在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
保持卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。
第一节（共5 小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1．What will the speakers eat tonight?A．Italian food. B．Indian food. C．Chinese food.2．What does the man want to do?A．Invite Janet to the gym after work. B．Become a member of the gym.C．Take exercise every morning.3．How many cups of ingredients will the woman need in total?A．Six cups. B．Five cups. C．Four cups.4．Where does the conversation most likely take place?A．At home. B．In the office. C．In a restaurant.5．What is the man’s suggestion?A．Booking tickets in advance. B．Sitting at the back.C．Arriving early.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
Chinese goes global 中国走出去战略
Chinese R&D goes global今年前6个月，中国首次成为全球绿地FDI最大来源，推动中国对外研发投资最新一轮攻势的是制药和生物科技公司。
China’s “go global” strategy is expanding into uncharted territory as the country emerges as a major source of foreign investment into research and development operations.中国的“走出去”战略正扩大到未知领域，中国正成为研发领域外国投资的主要来源。
Chinese companies have been setting up laboratories and research centres across the globe at record pace over the past few years. In 2016 alone they announced nine new overseas R&D centres for a total capital expenditure estimated at $224m, according to data from fDi Markets, an FT greenfield investment monitor.过去几年，中国公司一直以创纪录的速度在世界各地设立实验室和研究中心。
根据英国《金融时报》绿地投资追踪机构fDi Markets的数据，单单2016年，中国公司就宣布了9个新的海外研发中心，资本支出总额估计达到2.24亿美元。
With four months to go to the end of the year, the figures already represent a record annual high for China. Only US and German companies have been more active than their Chinese peers in the year so far.距离今年结束还有4个月时间，这些数据已经创下了中国的年度新高。
酒店英语 ,五星级酒店英语,酒店实用英语
酒店英《亲爱的》《最后一面》语口语每天一点点就是大进步！没有什么可不可能只有自己想不想！——-Perry常用酒店英语词汇Restaurant 酒店里面的称为餐厅，酒店外的可以叫饭馆或者餐馆都可以B＆B 家庭式酒店Boutique hotel 精品酒店Resort 度假村King—size 特大号床Queen-size 大号床Twin beds 双床房Single bed 单床房Double room 双人间Single room 单人间Suite 套房Studio suite 公寓套房Adjoining room 相邻房Connecting room 连通房Executive Floor 行政楼层Bellboy 行李员Concierge 礼宾Receptionist 前台接待Reception/Front desk 前台Coach 旅游大巴Reservation 预订（不是预定）Doorman 门房门童Housekeeping staff 客房清洁人员Room service 客房服务，有时特指客房送餐服务Ground 花园Tip 小费Service charge 服务费Turn down 开夜床服务(指的是傍晚的时候再次整理房间，使客人晚上睡的舒服）Executive room 商务房Shuttle bus 班车Do Not Disturb Sign /DND sign请勿打扰牌lease Make Up sign /PMU sign 请收拾房间牌check-out 退房check—in 登记入住lobby 大堂Owner response: 业主回复Porter门房Hotel Concierge酒店礼宾部Procurement Manager；Purchasing Manager采购部经理Food ＆Beverage Manager; Catering Manager餐饮部经理Table Hostess餐桌女服务员Kitchen Hand; Kitchen Help；Kitchen Worker厨工Cook; Chef厨师Head Chef厨师长Cook炊事员Assistant Manager大堂副理Lobby Manager大堂经理Tourist Guide导游Sauce Cook调味汁厨师Restaurant Manager饭店经理Rooms Division Manager房务部经理Second Chef副厨师长Second Waiter副领班Trainee Manager见习经理Receptionist接待员Bar Operative酒吧服务员Hotel Accountant酒店会计Chief Accountant; Financial Controller酒店主管会计;财务总监Housekeeping Manager客房部经理Chambermaid客房女服务员Executive Housekeeper；Head Housekeeper客房部主管Head Waiter ；Captain领班Floor Attendant楼层服务员Travel Agent 旅游中介Doorman门童Pantryman配餐员Front Desk Manager前台经理Front Office Supervisor前台领班Front Office Manager前厅经理Assistant Front Office Manager前厅副理Cleaner清洁工Food Checker食品检验员Vegetable Cook蔬菜厨师Materials Manager物料经理Western—Style Restaurant Manager西餐部经理Executive Assistant Manager行政副经理Assistant Banquet Manager宴会部副经理Banquet Manager宴会部经理Night Manager夜班经理Hotel Greeter迎宾员Reservation Manager预订部经理Chinese—Style Restaurant Manager中餐部经理Resident Manager驻店经理Front Clerk；Reception Clerk总台接待员酒店岗位:客房预定room reservation 客满fully booked房间种类types of rooms 双人房double room标准房standard room 双床房twin room高级房superior room 豪华房deluxe room商务房executive room 套房suite普通套房junior room 高级套房senior suite总统套房Presidential suite 朝南的房间a room facing south公寓套房studio room 连通房connecting room相邻房adjoining room 没有按预定抵店no show确认信letter of confirmation 服务费service charge额外费用extra charge 班车shuttle bus全价full price 折扣价discounted price标准价rack rate 优惠价special price免费complimentary rate 特大号床king-size bed大号床queen—size bed 推迟postpone空房Vacancy/vacant room 取消cancel/cancellation更改change 预定book/reserve自动门automatic door 登记入住check in结帐check out 一件行李a piece of baggage/luggage 背包shoulder bag 纸箱cardboard box手提箱briefcase 汽车行李箱luggage trunk送行李send up 填写fill out名牌name tag 夜床服务turn –down service打扫房间make up 稍稍整理tidy up洗衣项目laundry items 加快服务express service核对check 包间private room菜单menu 套餐set menu定满了fully booked 租rent计划表schedule推举recommend酒店内设施adapter 连接器brief ease 公文包out of order 坏了coupon奖券Food Mall 食品街Ancient Culture Street古文化街fire sprinkler 灭火喷淋coat hanger 大衣架pillow 枕头heating control 加热控制ice tongs 冰夹chair 椅子bedside table 床头桌ceiling light 顶灯luggage stand 行李架swimming bag游泳袋power socket 电源插座note pad 记事簿shoe basket鞋篮ice bucket 冰桶security latch安全门dry cleaning docket 干洗单breakfast menu 早餐菜单light switch 灯开关air conditioner vent 空调排风口pillow case枕套coffee table 咖啡桌wall paper 壁纸hair dryer 吹风机standing lamp 地灯valet stand 衣物架switch 开关desk chair (与书桌配套的）椅子laundry docket 洗衣单Do Not Disturb Sign 请勿打扰牌DND sign请勿打扰牌chest of drawers 带抽屉的柜厨sheer curtains 纱窗帘desk lamp 台灯television cabinet 电视柜single bed 单人床double bed 双人床desk书桌dusting 去尘toilet brush 马桶刷子refuse bag 废物袋mopping 拖地scrub 檫洗dustpan and brush 簸箕和刷子detergent 清洁剂vacuum cleaner 吸尘器mop 拖把shampoo 洗发水soap 香皂bath foam 浴液sewing kit 针线盒moisturizer 润肤露shower cap 浴帽shoehorn鞋拔shoe shine檫皮鞋Bedside lamp 床头灯smoke detector 烟感器wardrobe 衣柜television guide电视指南Please Make Up sign 请收拾房间牌PMU sign 请收拾房间牌slippers拖鞋drapes 布帘ceiling屋顶Laundry docket 洗衣单window sill 窗台shopping bag 购物袋bookshelf 书架ground floor （英)底，层，一楼cabinet 橱柜switch 开关Venetian blind 百叶窗帘curtain 窗帘wastebasket 字纸篓tea trolley 活动茶几night table 床头柜first floor (英）二楼，(美）一楼folding screen 屏风hanger 挂钩plug 插头wall plate 壁上挂盘Chinese painting 国画elevator, lift 电梯drawer 抽屉second floor (英)三楼，（美）二楼spring 弹簧cushion 靠垫，垫子socket 插座,插口sitting room 起居室voltage 电压floor 楼层,地板carpentry （总称）木器tea table 茶几bedclothes 床上用品quilt 被子mattress 床垫thermos 热水瓶transformer 变压器酒店前台用语：market price 市价cashiers desk 兑换处coin 硬币accounting desk 帐务处check-out time 退房时间voucher 证件price list 价目表check，cheque 支票sign （动)签字interest 利息form 表格reservation 预订reception desk 接待处tip 小费reservation desk 预订处luggage office 行李房spare (形)多余的postpone （动）延期cancel (动）取消travelers cheque 旅行支票pay (动）付款fill （动）填写administration 管理、经营note 纸币registration desk 入宿登记处lobby 前厅luggage rack 行李架visit card 名片identification card 身份证rate of exchange 兑换率conversion rate 换算率charge （动)收费bill 帐单change money 换钱procedure 手续、程序information desk 问询处luggage label 行李标签overbooking 超额订房reasonable (形)合理的cash (动）兑换keep (动)保留、保存bank draft 汇票accept (动)接受procedure fee 手续费fill in the form 填表酒店的种类:Designed hotel 设计酒店boutique hotel 精品酒店certified hotel for tourism 旅游定点旅馆family hotel 家庭旅馆B＆B: 经济型酒店resort hotel 度假区酒店酒店部门:电脑部E.D。
商务英语翻译练习
练习一Part I Translate the following sentences into English or Chinese1.迄今为止，各国的移民政策侧重于为低技能工人设置障碍，同时鼓励高技能专业人才、工程师、科学家和企业家前来工作，甚至定居。
2.Ksda是瑞士的汽车、能源和食品集团公司。
本年度第一季度，尽管它的总营业额下降了6%，但是利润却增加了12.1%。
3.“海洋城”以其绵延10英里（相当于16公里）的海滩而闻名，每年接待约800万游客4.当富人想到将财富传给子孙的时候，他们通常会有两种情绪：害怕和忧虑。
他们害怕或忧虑金钱会对子孙产生消极影响：害怕金钱会让子孙失去通过努力工作获得成功的人生动力。
5.关于我方第315号订单，由于到货质量低劣，我方被迫表达强烈不满。
6.China is fielding its largest-ever Olympic team at the upcoming Beijing Games,with 639 athletes competing in all 28 sports.The Chinese team will attempt to surpass the 32 gold medals won at the Athens Olympics,four less than the United States.7.A Japanese media report says Japan and China have reached a compromise and agreed to jointly develop gas fields and share profits in disputed areas of the East China Sea8.The number of newly laid-off U.S.workers rose last week,the latest sign that the economic downturn is affecting the job market.A report Thursday from the Labor Department said the number of people applying for unemployment benefits for thefirst time rose 22-thousand,to 378-thousand.9.Chinese economy suffered only a mild setback in the first quarter of 2008,and remains resilient despite inflation and worsening global credit crisis.10.Praise and encouragement also makes employees more likely to work hard and stay in their jobs,saving on the cost of finding replacements.Part II Translate the following passages into Chinese.Passage 1Most Americans believe someone isn't grown up until age 26,probably with a completed education,a full-time job,a family to support and financial independence,a survey said.But they also believe that becoming an official grown-up is a process that takes five years from about the age of 20,concluded the report from the University of Chicago's National Opinion Research Center.The findings were based on a representative sample of 1398 people over age 18The poll found the following ages at which people expect the transitions to grown-up status to be completed:age 20.9 self-supporting;21.1 no longer living with parents;21.2 full-time job;22.3 education complete;24.5 being able to support a family financially;25.7 married;and 26.2 having a child."There is a large degree of consensus across social groups on the relative importance of the seven transitions,"said Tom Smith,director of the survey.The only notable pattern of differences is on views about supporting a family,having a child and getting married."Older adults and the widowed and married rate these as more important than younger adults and the never-married do,"he added."This probably reflects in large part a shift in values across generations away from traditional family values.”The most valued step toward reaching adulthood,the survey found,was completing an education,followed by full-time employment,supporting a family,financial independence,living independently of parents,marriage and parenthoodPassage 2Spend less than you earn.This is perhaps the most worn out,overused phrase in the world of personal finance.But guess what?It's also the single most important financial lesson you'll ever learn.No matter how hard you work and how much money you earn,you'll never achieve financial security if you spend more than you earn,so......do whatever it takes to make sure that this doesn't happen.This takes self-discipline,and might require constructing a budget,but if you ever want to get to a point where you can afford all the little niceties in life,you need to make it happen.Plan for the future.I've been where you are,and I know that"the future"seems like it's a million miles away.Do yourself a favor.Sit down and define short,intermediate,and long-term goals and then put together a plan for getting there.It's not easy, and you probably won't get it right at first but once you do this,you'll have something concrete to work from(and to modify in the future).Start small an work your way up.Be patient.Building a solid financial foundation takes time.Don't look for shortcuts or try to strike it rich overnight with the latest hot investment tip.Likewise,don't make major financial decisions without fully considering the ramifications.This isn't to say that you should be paralyzed fear.Rather,you need to do your homework.Turn those unknowns into knowns, and then make an informed decision.Learn form your mistakes.Nobody's perfect.You're bound to make mistakes,especially when you're just starting out.The important thing is to learn from them and move forward.If you make a bad financial decision,make a note of it and get yourself back on track.Don't beat yourself up,and don't throw in the towel.Part III Translate the following passages into EnglishPassage 1亲爱的布莱克先生：从您5月16日来函获知我公司销售代表敷衍草率，我深感苦恼。
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China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
The world’s leading Hospitality Benchmark company 全球领先的酒店数据服务提供机构
YE 2013 vs. YE 2012 RevPar 2013年每间可售房收入
10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20% -25%
RevPar
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
RevPar %Chg
15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15%
-20%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Occ % Chg
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
ADR % Chg
亚太酒店市场概览 APAC Hotel Overview
中国酒店市场 China Hotel Overview
CAGR 2007 - 2013 YE (CNY)
8%
6%
4% 2% 0%
Occupancy
ADR
RevPAR
Supply
Demand
-2%
-4% -6% -8%
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
March 2013 & 2014 YTD Occ and ADR (USD) 2013第一季度和2014第一季度 房价和入住率（美元）
75%
-2.0
$250
$200
70%
-2.4
$150
-4.8
-4.5
65% $100
-4.9 -0.2
Luxury
$50 $0
60%
+2.4
Upper Upscale
Q1 2014 ADR and Occ %Chg 2014年第一季度房价和入住率同比变化率
-15%
-20%
ADR
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Occ
China upscale markets 中国高端酒店市场
Q1 2014 RevPar %Chg 2014年第一季度每间可售房收入同比变化率
-20%
RevPar
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
中国主要市场 China Markets
15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10%
March 2014 YTD Occ and ADR %Chg (Local currency) 2014第一季度 房价和入住率同比变化率（当地货币）
15%
10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20%
Occupancy
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
50% 35% 14% 34% 43% 19%
40%
2% 8% 12% 10% 33%
15% 25% 33% 22%
India
Indonesia
Malaysia
16%
29%
22%
12%
49%
51%
8% 14%
Midscale & Economy
Thailand
9%
Unaffiliated
Luxury & Upper Upscale
Upscale & Upper Midscale
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
筹建项目 Pipeline Growth Status
China | India | Indonesia - Supply growth 中国，印尼和印度未来供给增长趋势
中国高端酒店 China upscale markets
Q1 2014 RevPar and %Chg 每间可售房收入及同比变化率
20% 10% 0% -10% -20% -30%
Revpar
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
RevPar %Chg
+ 1.2%
Southeast Asia 东南亚
- 4.2%
Central/South Asia 中南亚
- 9.7%
Australia&Oceania 澳大利亚区域
- 4.2%
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Q1 2014 Revpar, Occ and ADR 2014年第一季度每间可售房收入，房价和入住率
6% 4%
+2.8
2% 0%
+1.6
-0.8
-2%
-1.5
-1.1
-4%
Luxury Upper Upscale
ADR %Chg
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Supply % Chg
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Demand % Chg
亚太酒店市场概览 APAC Hotel Overview
12m mov avg Occ and ADR %Chg - 滚动12个月房价和入住率变化率
中国高端酒店 China upscale markets
Q1 2014 Occ and ADR %Chg 房价和入住率变化率
40% 30% 20% 10% 0% -10% -20%
Occupancy driving 入住率是主要驱动因素
ADR %Chg
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Aggregating key hotel metrics into valuable performance data Global client base ~50,000 hotels submitting performance data Industry standard used by all major hotel groups 全球范围内拥有超过5万家合作酒店，树立标杆数 据管理行业标准并为各大酒店集团广泛采用
+0.3
Upscale
-0.2
Upper Midscale
+0.6
Midscale & Economy
Occ 13
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
Occ 14
ADR 14
亚太主要国家 APAC Countries
（Luxury, Upper Upscale, Upscale classes,奢华，超高档和高档酒店市场)
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
中国高端酒店 China upscale markets
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
ADR
China 中国
China Hotel Marketing Conference – © STR Global 2014
Upscale
Occ %Chg
Upper Midscale
Revpar %Chg
Midscale & Economy
中国主要市场 China Markets
15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15% -20%
YE 2013 RevPar %Chg 2013年每间可售房收入同比变化率
ADR
亚太主要市场 APAC Markets
March 2014 YTD Occ and ADR %Chg Local currency) 2014第一季度 房价和入住率同比变化率（当地货币）
20% 15% 10% 5% 0%
-5%
-10%
-31%
Occupancy
各级别酒店筹建项目 Pipeline by class
Top 5 Pipeline countries, Supply increase % of existing Jan 2014 未来新增供给最多的前五大国家 Chain Scale
China
Under Contract 有效新增供给
ADR was the main driving factor 房价是驱动下滑的主要因素
RevPar % Chg
China Hotel Marketing Conference - © STR Global 2014
中国主要市场 China Markets
15% 10% 5% 0% -5% -10% -15%
Hotel Marketing Conference 2014 China Hotel Market Recap 中国酒店市场概览
Jesper Palmqvist, Area Director Asia Pacific, STR Global Fiona He, Country Manager - China, STR Global