英语动词分类及常用役动词和用法

英语动词的种类

◆提示：以下动词的分类并没有绝对的标准。有的分类只是为了更好地学习英语动词、掌握动词的用法和搭配，以及更好地学好与动词有关的语法。

◆切记：有些动词作不同的意义解释时可以分属于不同种类的动词。因此，我们要特别注意一词多义现象。

◆动词的种类分类总表：(更多更详细的内容请参考其他复习内容.)

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13. set set sb to do sth 使某人开始或着手做某事set sb doing sth 使某人开始或着手做某事

They set him to mow the lawn. 他们叫他给草坪刈草.

Her words set me thinking. 她的话使我深思。

set + sb./ sth + adj 使…处于(…的状态)She set the caged bird free.

14. place place sb in/into… 使某人处于……地位/位置

The victory in the contest placed our team in a favorable position.

15. put put sb in/into 使某人处于……地位/位置(用法同place.)

16. bring bring sb/sth+介词短语使某人或某物处于…的状态

bring sb. back to life. 使某人起死回生bring …under control. 使…处于控制之下

The joke brought the class into laughter.

17. land land sb in… 使某人在……(地方)着陆I’ll la nd you safe in Liverpool.

18. cost cost sb sth. 使人遭到……损失；使人赔了……本

The failure in the contest cost us the first place held for 10 years. 这次比赛失败使我们丢失了保持已10年之久的冠军宝座。

19.具有使役意义, 表示“使人……，令人……”的心理状态的动词。如：

interest sb in…(使某人对…感兴趣) excite sb (使某人激动)…astonish sb…(使某人震惊)

move, amuse, surprise, terrify, convince, inspire, encourage, satisfy, delight,

please, frighten, surprise, amaze, shock, worry, disappoint, discourage, puzzle,

tire, terrify…

◆上述V-ed/ V-ing的用法区别:

如: The story was so moving that everyone present was moved to tears.

What disappointing result! We were all disappointed with it.

Climbing a hill was tiring and we were tired when we reached the summit.

役动词用法

常见役动词词组

1. 以break为中心的词组

break away from 脱离，逃离

break down 破坏，粉碎；瓦解；出故障，抛锚break in 闯进，打断；使顺服

break into 闯入；强行进入；突然开始

break out 爆发，发生；准备使用；起锚break the law 违反法律

break the record 破记录

break one’s promise 失言

break up 开垦，破碎；解散，分开，分解

2. 以catch为中心的词组

be caught doing 被发现做某事

be caught in the rain 淋雨

catch a bus/train 赶汽车/火车

catch a cold 伤风，感冒

catch one’s word 听懂某人的话

catch sight of 发现，瞥见

catch up with 赶上，追及，追上

3. 以come为中心的词组

come across 偶尔发现，想起；越过；偿付

come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现

come at 达到，求得，得到；扑向，袭击

come back 回来；恢复，复原

come down 倒下；降落；跌落；病倒

come from 来自，起源于，从~~产生，生于

come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获名次

come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成

come into power 开始执政，当权，当选

come into use 开始使用，获得应用

come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；（问题）被提出come out 出来，传出；出版；结果是；褪色；（秘密）泄露come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于

come to an end 终止，结束

come to know 开始了解到

come true 实现，成为现实；证实

come up 走近；上楼；长出，发芽

4. 以do为中心的词组

be done in 精疲力竭

be done with 完全结束

do a good deed 做一件好事

do away with 去掉，废除；弄死；浪费

do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于

do harm to (=do sb. good) 有害于

do its work 有效，有作用

do much 极有用

do wrong to 做错