(word完整版)初中英语人教版八年级下册过去进行时

语法精讲六：过去进行时

一、定义

过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用。

例：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.

昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。

二、构成句式

1.肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing

2.否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing

3.疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing

三、基本用法、

1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，

例：What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？

I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。

2.当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。

例：It was raining hard when I left my office. 当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。

They were watching TV when the lights went out.停电时，他们刚好在看电视。

3.过去进行时表示过去将来的动作

例：She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.

她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。

4.表示过去的一段时间内持续进行的动作。

例：He was watching TV from 7 to 9 last night.

他从昨天晚上7点到9点一直在看电视。

四、一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较：

1.一般过去时表示“在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。

例：Tom wrote a letter to his friend last night.

汤姆昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。（信写完了）

Tom was writing a letter to his friend when I called him last night.

昨晚我给汤姆打电话的时候他正在给他的朋友写信。（强调了动作的正在进行）

2.一般过去时只表示过去做过的事，强调一个动作的完成，而过去进行时则强调动作的连续性。

例：The children watched TV yesterday evening.昨天晚上孩子们看了电视。

The children were watching TV yesterday evening.昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。

五、注意

1.when和while 的用法及区别

①when既可以指时间点也可以指时间段，引导的状语从句中动词既可以是短暂性也可以是延续性，而while只可以指时间段，且状语从句中动词必须用延续性。

②when说明从句的动作与主句动作可以是同时发生也可以是先后发生，而while 则强调主从句的动作同时发生。

例：They were singing while we were dancing in the party.、

③when和while可以做并列连词，when表示“在那时”，while表示“而，却”例：The children were playing there when I passed by.

He is strong while his brother is weak.

2.通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree， be， believe， belong，care， forget， hate， have， hear， know， like， love， mean， mind，notice， own， remember， seem， suppose， understand， want， wish等。例：误：I was knowing the answer.

正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。

六、练习题

1.I ______ a meal when you _____ me.

a. cooked, were ringing

b. was cooking, rang

c. was cooking, were ringing

d. cooked, rang

2.He said he _____ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.

a. tries

b. tried

c. was trying

d. will try

3.When she ______ TV, she ______ a sound outside the room.

a. was watching, was hearing

b. watched, was hearing

c. watched, heard

d. was watching, heard

4.They _____ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.

a. were watching

b. watch

c. watched

d. are watching

5. What book ____ you ______ when I ____ you at four yesterday afternoon?

a. did, read, was seeing

b. did, read, saw

c. were, reading, saw

d. were, reading, was seeing

6.It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _____ ready to fly to England.

a. are getting

b. get

c. were getting

d. got

7.A girl saw my pen ______ off the table when she _____ me.

a. was falling, passed

b. falling, passed

c. was falling, was passing

d. falling, was passing

8.We ____ for Tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us ______.

a. were waiting, waiting

b. were waiting, wait

c. waited, waiting

d. waited, wait