英语人教版九年级全册被动语态难点

中考英语被动语态难点

被动语态是初中英语学习的重难点之一，是同学们容易出错的语法项目。英语动词有两种语态：即主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，只有及物动词才有被动语态。

同学们不仅要掌握被动语态的构成、用法、主动语态变为被动语态的方法以外，还应特别注意以下两点：

●初中阶段不能使用被动语态的词

①与感觉有关的动词即连系动词：look、sound、smel、taste、feel。

例1：You look pretty today.

例2：The song sounds beautiful.

例3：The food smels good.

例4：Theteatastesnice.

例5：The water feels warm.

②与“发生”概念有关的词：hap-pen、take place、break out。

例6：It happened on the morning of April 1st.

例7：Great changes have taken place in Shanghai since 1994.

例8：The war broke out in 2002.

★但是hold有被动语态：The sportsmeeting was held last Monday.

③表示“占有”的词：have、belong to。

例9：They have a nice car.

例10：The book does n’t belong to me.

④表示“开始，结束”的动词：be-gin、start、open、close、shut、end、finish、stop。

例11：School begins in September

例12：The shop doesn’t open on Sundays.

例13：The door closed quietly.

例14：The war hasn’t finished yet.

例15：The cars topped.

⑤某些可以和副词wel、easily、smoothly等连用的动词；burn、read、wash、write、sel。

例16：The sentence reads smoothly.

例17：Those clothes wash well.

例18：The pen writes well.

例19：The books else well.

★但是不和这些副词连用时要用被动语态。The radio is sold in this shop.

⑥其他情况

⑴change用作动词时没有被动语态。

例20：The village has change dalot.

例21：The number of the teachers doesn’t change much in our school every year.

⑵consist of无被动。

例22：Our class consists of 50 students.

例23：The house consists of six rooms.

★但要说：Our class is made up of 50 students.

The house is made up of six rooms. ⑶cost 无被动

例24：The bicycle costme 788 yuan.

⑷主语+形容词+动词不定式无被动

例25：The book is difficult to read.

例26：The music is sweet to hear.

⑦还有一些特殊的连系动词：seem、prove。

例27：The young girl seems much better now.

例28：What you said proves right.

●不是所有带宾语的动词都可以变成被动语态

①表示状态的及物动词，如have（有）、want（想）、fit（适合）、cost（花费）、hold（容纳）等，不能将主动句变为被动语态。

正：The hal holds 500 people.（大厅能容纳五百人。）

误：500 people are held by the hal. ②及物动词die（死）、smile（笑）、live（生活）、dream（做梦）等后面跟同源宾语时，不能转换成被动语态。

正：I dreamed a strange dream last night.（我昨晚做了个奇怪的梦。）

误：A strange dream was dreamed by me last night. ③当及物动词的宾语是反身动词、相互代词时，不能转换成被动语态。

正：He taught himself Japanese.（他自学日语。）

误：Himself was taught by him. 正：We help each other.（我们互相帮助。）

误：Each other is helped by us. ④宾语是表示“某组织”、“身体的某一部分”或“感官”的名词时，不能转换成被动语态。

正：He joined the League in 2001.（他是在2001年入团的。）

误：The League was joined by him in 2001. 正：We believe our eyes.（我们相信自己的眼睛。）误：Our eyes are believed by us. ⑤宾语是动词不定式或动名词时，不能转换成被动语态。

正：I want to go to the cinema.（我想去看电影。）

误：To go to the cinema is wanted by me. 正：Jack likes playing footbal very much.（杰克非常喜欢踢足球。）

误：Playing footbal is liked by Jack very much. ⑥宾语是不可分割的词组或短语时，不能转换成被动语态。

正：John often keeps his word.（约翰总是信守诺言。）

误：His word is often kept by John.