TheLibidofortheUgly分析
The Libido for the Ugly
• Para 6: The writer tries to trace the source of the ugliness from the foreigners. • Para 7: The writer speculates on a solution for the puzzle: libido for the ugly. • Para 8: The writer shows evidence to prove himself right. • Para 9: The writer finally gives an answer.
Background Information
• 1.Emotional description: The Libido for the Ugly is a piece of subjective, impressionistic(印象派的)or emotional description. Descriptions conveys sensations, emotions and impressions that affect a writer experiencing a person, place, object or idea. The writer describes what he sees, feels and tastes, and it often includes his emotional reactions to the physical sensations of the experience.
Figures of Speech
• 2. Litotes(曲言法): a figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite. This is no small problem. Moreover, the attempt is not unsuccessful.
The Libido for the Ugly 张汉熙高级英语第二册课件
Henry Louis Mencken
His life
He was born and spent most of his life in the city of Baltimore, Maryland. He was the son of German immigrant parents. He completed high school but did not attend university, only graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute at 16. He became a reporter on the Baltimore Morning Herald.
Henry later, he joined the staff of its rival newspaper, the Baltimore Sun or Evening Sun, first as a reporter, then as its drama critic and editor, a position which he held until 1941.
Teaching Contents
1. Henry Louis Mencken 2. Description 2. Detailed study of the text 3. Organizational pattern 4. Language features 5. Exercises
Henry Louis Mencken
In caustic, witty essays, he derided (mock) the institution which supported the middle class. He enjoyed controversy and tried to arouse his antagonists with his direct and devastating attacks.
[中学]TheLibidofortheUgly词汇注解
![[中学]TheLibidofortheUgly词汇注解](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f1097d36f56527d3240c844769eae009591ba278.png)
[中学]The Libido for the Ugly词汇注解Libido (n.): psychic energy generally;specifically，a basic form of psychic energy，comprising thepositive。
loving instincts manifested variously at different stages of personality development欲望 lucrative (adj.) : producing wealth or profit;profitable;remunerative有利可图的;赚钱的 hideous (adj.) : horrible to see, hear, etc.; very ugly or revolting; dreadful骇人听闻的;非常丑陋的;可怕的forlorn (adj.) : in pitiful condition;wretched;miserable可怜的;悲惨的;不幸的 macabre (adj.) : gruesome;grim and horrible;ghastly可怕的;令人毛骨悚然的;恐怖的 computation (n.) : the act of computing;calculation 计算abominable (adj.) : nasty and disgusting;vile;loathsome讨厌的，可恶的alley (n.) : a narrow street or walk;specifically，a lane behind a row of buildings or between tworows of buildings that face on adjacent streets胡同;小巷;小街filth (n.) : disgustingly offensive dirt，garbage，etc(污秽，污物;垃圾allude (v.) : refer in a casual or indirect way(随便或间接)提到，涉及;暗指 monstrousness (n.) : strange shape奇形怪状lacerate (v.) : tear jaggedly;mangle(something soft，as flesh);wound or hurt(one’s feelings，etc()deeply;distress撕裂;割碎(肉等软组织);伤害(感情等);使…伤心 pretentious (adj.) : making claims，explicit or implicit，to some distinction，importance，dignity，or excellence自负的;自命不凡的;自大的linger (v.) : continue to stay，esp(through reluctance to leave逗留(尤指不愿离开) downright (adv.) : thoroughly;utterly;really彻底地，完全地;真正地dormer (n.) : a window set upright in a sloping roof屋顶窗leprous (adj.) : of or like leprosy;having leprosy麻风的;似麻风的;患麻风病的 rat-trap (n.) : a trap for catching rats捕鼠夹(子) misshapen (adj.) : badly shaped;deformed奇形怪状的;畸形的uncomely (adj.) : having unpleasant appearance不美观的，不好看的grime (n.) : dirt，esp(sooty dirt，rubbed into or covering a surface，as of the skin(尤指经摩擦而深入或覆盖皮肤等表面的)积垢;污秽gully (n.) : a channel or hollow worn by running water; small，narrow ravine沟壑，狭沟，冲沟 chalet (n.) : a type of Swiss house，built of wood with balconies and overhanging eaves(瑞士的木造)农舍，山上小舍high-pitched (adj.) : steep in slope said of roofs)(屋顶)坡度陡的dingy (adj.) : dirty-colored;not bright or clean;grimy不干净的;不明亮的;弄脏的 clapboard (n.) : a thin，narrow board with one edge thicker than the other，used as siding护墙板，隔板preposterous (adj.) : so contrary to nature，reason， or common sense as to be laughable;absurd;ridiculous反常的;乖戾的;十分荒谬的;愚蠢的pier (n.) : a heavy column，usually square. used to support weight，as at the end of an arch角柱;支柱cemetery (n.) : a place for the burial of the dead;graveyard公墓，墓地;坟场 swinish (adj.) : of or like a swine;beastly;piggish;coarse，etc(猪(似)的;鄙贱的;粗俗的 perpendicular (adj.) : exactlyupright;vertical. straight up or down垂直的;矗立的 precarious (adj.) : uncertain;insecure;risky不稳定的;不安全的;危险的 eczematous (adj.) : of itching skin disease湿疹的patina (n.) : a fine crust or film on bronze or copper(usually green or greenish—blue，formed by natural oxidation and often valued as being ornamental(青铜器上的)绿锈uremia (n.) : a toxic condition caused by the presence in the blood of waste products normallyeliminated in the urine and resulting from a failure of the kidneys to secrete urine尿毒症 loathsome (adj.) : causingloathing;disgusting;abhorrent;detestable讨厌的;厌恶的;令人作呕的laborious (adj.) : involving much hardwork;difficult.;industrious;hard—working费力的;困难的;勤劳的;辛苦的incessant (adj.) : never ceasing;continuing or being repeatedwithout stopping or in a way thatseems endless:constant不停的，连续的;不间断的decompose (v.) : break up or separate into basic components or parts;rot分解;(使)腐烂，(使)腐败forsake (v.) : give up;renounce(a habit，idea，etc();leave;abandon抛弃，放弃(思想、习惯等);遗弃;背弃malarias (adj.) : of fever conveyed by mosquitoes疟疾的;空气污浊的hamlet (n.) : a very small village小村庄incomparable (adj.) : no beyond comparison;unequalled;matchless无与伦比的，举世无双的;无敌的，无比的titanic (adj.) : of great size，strength，or power巨大的;力大无比的;有极大权力的 aberrant (adj.) : turning away from what is right，true，etc(:deviating from what is normal ortypical与正确或真实情况相背的;偏离常规的;反常的uncompromising (adj.) : not compromising oryielding;firm;inflexible;determined不妥协的;坚定的;不让步的;坚决的inimical (adj.) : 1ike anenemy;hostile;unfriendly;adverse;unfavorable敌人似的;敌对的;不友好的;相反的;不利的ingenuity (n.) : cleverness，originality，skill，etc(机智;创造力，独创性;熟练 grotesquery (n.) : the quality or state of being grotesque奇形怪状;怪诞retrospect (n.) : a looking back on or thinking about thingspast;contemplation or survey of thepast回顾，回想;追溯diabolical (adj.) : of the devil or devils;fiendish恶魔的;残忍的，凶暴的concoct (v.) : devise，invent，or plan计划，策划;虚构，编造insensate (adj.) : not feeling，or not capable of feeling，sensation 无感觉的，无知觉的 brute (n.) : an animal;a person who is brutal or very stupid，gross，sensual，etc(畜生;笨蛋，粗野的人abomination (adj.) : great hatred，and disgust;anything hateful and disgusting憎恨，厌恶;令人讨厌的东西putrid (adj.) : decomposing;rotten and foul—smelling腐烂的，腐败的deface (v.) : spoil the appearance of;disfigure;mar损坏…的外表;丑化inadvertence (n.) : the quality of beinginadvertent;oversight;mistake掉以轻心，粗心大意;疏漏;错误obscene (adj.) : offensive to one’s feelings，or to prevailing notions，of modesty of decency;lewd;disgusting猥亵的;诲淫的;可憎的unfathomable (adj.) : which cannot be understood;which cannot be reached不可理解的;深不可测的enigmatical (adj.) : of or like an enigma;perplexing;baffling谜一般的，谜似的;不可思议的，费解的dogmatic (adj.) : of or like dogma;doctrinal教条(主义)的;教义的edifice (n.) : a building，esp(a large，imposing one建筑物;尤指大型建筑物，大厦 depravity (n.) : a depraved condition;corruption;wickedness 堕落，腐化，腐败 penthouse (n.) : a small structure，esp(one with a sloping roof，attached to a larger building小棚屋，(尤指靠在大楼边上搭的)披屋lust (n.) : a desire to gratify the senses;bodily appetite欲望;贪欲etiology (n.) : the assignment of a cause，or the cause assignment本源，原因(的说明) pathological (adj.) : of pathology;of or concerned with diseases病理学的;病理上的border upon : to be like;almost be相近，类似例: His emotion is bordering upon hysteria(他的情绪接近歇斯底里。
The-Libido-for-the-Ugly-讲义PPT课件
2021/7/24
10
Mencken’s Writing Style
• No other entertainment gave him greater pleasure than reporting from the conventions; nor did anyone appreciate his efforts more than Mencken himself. One reporter, peering through Mencken's window late at night after one rally, recalled watching him at work alone in his hotel room, pounding out copy on a typewriter propped on a desk. He would type a few sentences, read them, slap his thigh, toss his head back, and roar with laughter. Then he would type some more lines, guffaw, and so on until the end of the article.
Edgar Allan Poe (埃德加·爱伦·坡 )
3
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• Born in Baltimore • Privately educated there • Graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute
高级英语Lesson5修辞The Libido for the Ugly
Theme: The innate love of ugliness in US is a pathological(病态的) problem. dreadful, hideous, bleak, appalling,
forlorn, revolting, macabre, monstrousness, leprous, misshapen, dingy, loathsome, obscene, putrid, ghastly, leprous, uremic, eczematous
Inversion
Parallelism
repetition
transferred epithet
Synecdoche 提喻 Rhetorical question
Speech Contents
Hyperbole in L5
superlative
(Para 1) “the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth” (Para 1) “Here was wealth ….disgraced a race of ally cats.（流浪猫）”
Emphasizing
Definition of Hyperbole :
A deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.
Hyperbole in L5:
They amplify both prosperity and ugliness of Westmoreland, which provoke the curiosity and imagination of readers.
The Libido for the Ugly 课件讲义
reality essentially by specific and concrete words that
appeal to the reader’s sense of sight, smell, sound, taste and touch.
What is the order of organization for a description?
exert “democracy” wisely.
Mencken’s Writing Style
• “I opened A Book of Prejudices and began to read. I
was jarred and shocked by the style, the clear, clean,
7
The Libido for the Ugly
(爱丑之欲)
Henry Louis Mencken
Outline of Class Teaching
• An introduction to Henry Louis Mencken His early life and career His writing style
James Lowell (詹姆斯· 洛威尔)
Edgar Allan Poe (埃德加· 爱伦· 坡)
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• Born in Baltimore
• Privately educated there
• Graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute
What is a description?
• Description conveys the sensations, emotions and impressions that affect a writer experiencing a person,
the libido for the ugly 全文讲义
Pennsylvania State Profile
State Unique Name The Keystone State
Capital City
Harrisburg
Location
40.27605 N, 076.88450 W
Bird
Ruffed Grouse
Border States
Delaware - Maryland - New Jersey - New York -
Unit Seven
Libido for the
Ugly
-- Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
Henry Louis Mencken (1880–1956)
• an American journalist, essayist, magazine editor, satirist, acerbic critic of American life and culture, and a student of American English. Known as the "Sage of Baltimore", he is regarded as one of the most influential American writers and prose stylists of the first half of the 20th century
The Libido for the Ugly 课件讲义
British and American English and to define the distinguishing characteristics of American English. Mencken’s groundbreaking study was undoubtedly the most scientific linguistic work on the American language to date and continues to serve as a definitive resource in the field.
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• Born in Baltimore • Privately educated there • Graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute
Henry Louis Mencken (1880-1956)
• In his witty and satirical essays, he mocked the institution which supported the middle class. He enjoyed, met and challenged his antagonists with his direct and devastating attacks.
Mencken’s Contributions to the American Language
• Editor, social critic, and longtime journalist with The Baltimore Sun, Mencken inspired many young writers in the 1920s. And though he died more than half a century ago, his rip-roaring, witty, combative, yet graceful style continues to "stir up the animals" and attract fresh admirers.
门肯《爱丑之欲》的写作特点解析
门肯《爱丑之欲》的写作特点解析周晶（大连理工大学城市学院外国语学院，辽宁大连１１６６００）［摘 要］亨利·路易斯·门肯，美国当代著名作家之一。
上世纪２０年代美国学术界知名核心人物代表。
门肯的作品生动形象，写作别具一格。
作为一名最勇敢的“偶像破坏者”显示了他卓越的才能。
其著名散文《爱丑之欲》完美体现了门肯的写作才华。
文章通过对美国丑陋不堪的房屋的刻画，批判了美国社会“歪曲真理”的现实，体现出独特的写作特点。
［关键词］亨利·路易斯·门肯；《爱丑之欲》；写作特点［中图分类号］Ｉ１０６．６ ［文献标志码］Ａ ［文章编号］１００８ ５８２３（２０１８）１１ ００３７ ０２ ［收稿日期］２０１８－０７－２１ 亨利·路易斯·门肯（ＨｅｎｒｙＬｏｕｉｓＭｅｎｋｅｎ），新闻记者、社会评论家和语言学家，作为２０世纪２０年代美国学术界的核心代表，门肯的影响力极大。
其代表作《美国语言》（ＴｈｅＡｍｅｒｉｃａｎＬａｎｇｕａｇｅ，１９１９）在美国语言史上占有重要的地位。
这部作品探究了美式英语在英语语言史中的发展历程，为研究美式英语的发源和发展打下了坚实的基础，堪称美国语言的教科书。
作为一个极具语言功底的作家，门肯擅长形象入目的描写刻画，这种独特的写作特点在《爱丑之欲》中得到了极大体现，引起读者极大共鸣。
［１］门肯更是以诙谐讽刺的写作风格，嘲弄了上世纪２０年代整个美国社会，对美国的文学发展产生了巨大的影响。
一、《爱丑之欲》简介《爱丑之欲》（ＴｈｅＬｉｂｉｄｏｆｏｒｔｈｅＵｇｌｙ），以美国工业城市威斯特摩兰县为背景，通过独特的写作手法，细致刻画了当地建筑的满目疮痍、丑陋不堪，并从心理学角度和精神学角度探究其丑陋的内在成因，从而达成作者写作的真实目的：痛批美国民众乃至整个美国社会仇视真理的现状，表达了作者对于美国社会前景的担忧，希望美国民众以儆效尤，促进整个社会精神层面的发展。
TheLibidofortheUgly解读
爱丑之欲HL门肯几年前的一个冬日，我乘坐宾夕法尼亚铁路公司的一班快车离开匹兹堡，向东行驶一小时，穿越了威斯特摩兰县的煤城和钢都。
这是我熟悉的地方，无论是童年时期还是成年时期，我常常经过这一带。
但以前我从来没有感到这地方荒凉得这么可怕。
这儿正是工业化美国的心脏，是其最赚钱、最典型活动的中心，世界上最富裕、最伟大的国家的自豪和骄傲——然而这儿的景象却又丑陋得这样可怕，凄凉悲惨得这么令人无法忍受，以致人的抱负和壮志在这儿成了令人毛骨悚然的、令人沮丧的笑料。
这儿的财富多得无法计算，简直都无法想象——也是在这儿，人们的居住条件又是如此之糟，连那些流浪街头的野猫也为之害羞。
我说的不仅仅是脏。
钢铁城镇的脏是人们意料之中的事。
我指的是所看到的房子没有一幢不是丑陋得令人难受，畸形古怪得让人作呕的。
从东自由镇到格林斯堡，在这全长25英里的路上，从火车上看去，没有一幢房子不让人看了感到眼睛不舒服和难受。
有的房子糟得吓人，而这些房子竞还是一些最重要的建筑——教堂、商店、仓库等等。
人们惊愕地看着这些房子，就像是看见一个脸给子弹崩掉的人一样。
有的留在记忆里，甚至回忆起来也是可怕的：珍尼特西面的一所样子稀奇古怪的小教堂，就像一扇老虎窗贴在一面光秃秃的、似有麻风散鳞的山坡上；参加过国外战争的退伍军人总部，设在珍尼特过去不远的另一个凄凉的小镇上。
沿铁路线向东不远处的一座钢架，就像一个巨大的捕鼠器。
但我回忆里出现的三要还是一个总的印象——连绵不断的丑陋。
从匹兹堡到格林斯堡火车调车场，放眼望去，没有一幢像样的房子。
没有一幢不是歪歪扭扭的，没有一幢不是破破烂烂的。
尽管到处是林立的工厂，遍地弥漫着烟尘，这一地区的自然霉仟并不差。
就地形而论，这儿是一条狭窄的河谷，其中流淌着一道道发源自山间的深溪。
这儿的人口虽然稠密，但并无过分拥挤的迹象，即使在一些较大的城镇中，建筑方面也还大有发展的余地。
这儿很少见到有高密度排列的建筑楼群，几乎每一幢房屋，无论大小，其四周都还有剩余的空地。
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Learning Contents
1. Henry Louis Mencken 2. Description 2. Detailed study of the text 3. Organizational pattern 4. Language features 5. Exercises
Henry Louis Mencken
1) He hated narrow-minded religion. He believed strongly in intellectual freedom and fought all attempts to censor literature and drama. He felt that the greatest threat of censorship came from the country's religion "fundamentalists", whose opinions were all based on their interpretation of the Bible.
Henry Louis Mencken
A few years later, he joined the staff of its rival newspaper, the Baltimore Sun or Evening Sun, first as a reporter, then as its drama critic and editor, a position which he held until 1941.
Time allocation
1. Background information 2. Detailed study of the text 3. Structure analysis 4. Language appreciation 5. Exercises
Henry Louis Mencken
Henry Louis Mencken
In caustic, witty essays, he derided (mock) the institution which supported the middle class. He enjoyed controversy and tried to arouse his antagonists with his direct and devastating attacks.
His works
Mencken's essays were received with delight or horror, depending on the reader's point of view, he was also highly respected for his literary criticism and he exerted a powerful influence on American literature.
Lesson Five The Libido for the Ugly
--- H.L. Mencken
沈静雯 马晴晴 唐宏燕 张敏 吴德华
Aims
1. To know the author, Henry L. Mencken 2. To learn the writing technique of description 3. To appreciate the language features
Henry Louis Mencken
2) He hated commercialism. 3) He did not support democracy because he
considered the masses too ignorant and greedy to exercise it wisely.
(1880--1956) American
educator, author, critic
Henry Louis Mencken
He helped to found
and edit two literary
mluential among
intellectuals.
His works
• The American Language 1918 • Prejudices (6 vols) 1919--1927 • Happy days • Newspaper Days 1940--1943
Henry Louis Mencken
His life He was born and spent most of his life in the city of Baltimore, Maryland. He was the son of German immigrant parents. He completed high school but did not attend university, only graduated from Baltimore Polytechnic Institute at 16. He became a reporter on the Baltimore Morning Herald.
Henry Louis Mencken
He was a central figure in American intellectual life during the 1920's. He launched the most cutting attacks of any writer against America's middle class culture. He invented the word"booboisie", combining the two words "bourgeoisie" and "booby" (an awkward, foolish person).