英语教学法教程第二版unit8课后答案
全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程3答案Unit1-Unit8
崭新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程 3 答案Unit 1P3：After ListeningComplete the following statements according to what you have heard.a break relief out in the country fastmove pollution of the city smogin the way we liveP10: Content QuestionsPair workOne of you asks the first six questions and the other answers. Starting from question7, change roles. When you have finished, the teacher may want to put some of the questions to you to check your progress.1.Write and live on a farm.2.Because they grow nearly all of their fruits and vegetables. They have enough eggs, honey and wood. They are very close to nature and can enjoy the beautiful scenery. Besides, they can go skiing and skating in winter.3.No. Sometimes the good life can get pretty tough.4.They were buried under five feet of snow from December through March.5.When the first spring came, it brought two floods. Thesecond flood refers to the good harvest in the growing season.6.He decided to quit his job and start to freelance.7. He has to crawl into black-bear dens for “Sports Illustrated ”, hitch up dogsled racing teams for “Smithsonian ”magazine, check out the Lake Champlain “monster ”for “Science Digest”, and canoe through the Boundary Waters wilderness area of Minnesota for “Destinations ”.8.As for insurance, they have only bought a poor man ’s major-medical policy and the policy on their two cars.9.They cut back their expenses without appreciably lowering their standard of living. For example：they patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. They still attend the opera and ballet but only a few times a year. They eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies.10.A tolerance for solitude and lots of energy.11.They will leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what they ’ve been able to accomplish.12.They chose to live in the country because they want to improve the quality of their lives. Yes, they have finally realized their dream.P11: TEXT ORQANIZATIONWorking on Your OwnDo the exercises and then compare your answers with a partner.1. Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras. 1-3The writer views his life inthe country as a self-reliantand satisfying one.Part Two Paras. 4-7Life in the country is goodyet sometimes very hard. Part Three Paras. 8-11After quitting his job, thewriter ’s income wasreduced, but he and hisfamily were able tomanage to get by.Part Four Paras. 12-15 A tolerance for solitudeand a lot of energy havemade it possible for thefamily to enjoy their life inthe country.2. Happy Moments and Events Hardships1) growing nearly all their fruits and1)working hard both vegetables in winter and in summer2) canoeing, picnicking, long bicycle2)harsh environmentrides, etc.and weather condition 3) keeping warm inside the house 3)anxious moments afterthe in winter writer quit his job4) writing freelance articles4)cutting back on daily expenses5) earning enough money while5) solitudemaintaining a happy family life.P12 Language Sense Enhancement1. (1)special qualities(2)a tight budget(3)entertain(4)anyway (5)involved(6)requirement (7)on a small scale(8)temptation(9)instead (10)machineryP15: VocabularyI1. 1)On balance 2)resist 3)haul 4)wicked 5)illustrated6)budget7)lowering8)boundary 9)involved10) economic 11)blasting12)just about2. 1)cut back/down2)pick up 3)get by 4)get through5)face up to 6)turn in 7)making up for8)think up3.1)pursued his mathematical studies and taught himselfastronomy.2)often generate misleading thoughts.3)attach great importance to combining theory withpractice in our work.4)be suspected of doing everything for money.5)before he gets through life.4. 1)their indoor a profit to invest in2)device the improvement on a global scale3)stacked temptation never dined out1.1)house 2)Home 3)home family 4)household2.1)doubt2)suspected3)doubted4)suspected5)suspectP19 III. Word Formation1)rise 2)final 3)regular 4)cash 5)hows whys6)upped 7)yellowed 8)bottled 9)lower10)searchP 20: Comprehensive ExerciseI . Cloze1.(1)gets by(2)temptation(3)get through(4)improvements(5)aside from (6)suspect (7) supplement(8)profit(9)stacking2. (1)replaced(2)consider(3)quit(4)world(5)tough(6)fuels (7)provide (8)luxuries (9)balance(10)ideal P21 II. Translation1.1)We have a problem with the computer system, but I thinkit ’sfairly minor.2)My father died when I was too young to live on my own. Thepeople of my hometown took over (responsibility for) my upbringing at that point.3)The toys have to meet strict/tough safety requirementsbefore they can be sold to children.4)Radio and television have supplemented rather thanreplaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5)When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest ofarticles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.2. A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dreamabout. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People likeNancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut backon her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She determined to continuepursuing her vision of a better life.P27 Comprehension CheckP28: Translation1.什么你说那听起来不像你府上的生活其实，不不过是你一个人这么想。
《新编简明英语语言学教程》第二版课后习题答案chapter8
Chapter 8 Language and Society1. How is language related to society? 答：There are many indications of the inter-relationship between language and society. One of them is that while language is principally used to communicate meaning, it is also used to establish and maintain social relationships. This social function of language is embodied in the use of such utterances as “ Good morning! ” , “ Hi! ” , “ How's your family? ” , “ Nice day today, isn Another indication is that users of the same language in a sense all speak differently. The kind of language each of them chooses to use is in part determined by his social background. And language, in its turn, reveals information about its speaker. When we speak, we cannot avoid giving clues to our listeners about ourselves.Then to some extent, language, especially the structure of its lexicon, reflects both the physical and the social environments of a society. For example while there is only one word in English for “ snow ” , there are several in Eskimo. This is a reflection of the need for the Eskimos tomake distinctions between various kinds of snow in their snowy living environment.As a social phenomenon language is closely related to the structure of the society in which it is used, and the evaluation of a linguistic form is entirely social. To a linguist, all language forms and accents are equally good as far as they can fulfill the communicative functions they are expected to fulfill. Therefore, judgments concerning the correctness and purity of linguistic varieties are social rather than linguistic. A case in point is the use of the postvocalic [r]. While in English accents without postvocalic [r] are considered to be more correct than accents with it, in New York city, accents with postvocalic [r] enjoys more prestige and are considered more correct than without it.2. Explain with an example that the evaluation of language is social rather than linguistic. 答：The evaluation of language is social rather than linguistic. This is because every language or language variety can express all ideas that its native speakers want to express. That is to say, language and language variety are equal in expressing meaning. For example, the much-prejudiced Black English can be used by the black people to communicate with each other without feeling any hindrance. But many other people think Black English is not pure English because it does not conform to their grammar and not adopted by educated people. As a result, many people feel shameful to use Black English. From this example we can know that the evaluation of language is social, not linguistic.3. What are the main social dialects discussed in this chapter? How do they jointly determine idiolect?答：The main social dialects discussed in this chapter are regional dialect, sociolect, gender and age. Idiolect is a personal dialect, of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional, social, gender, and age variations. These factors jointly determine the way he/she talks. While the language system provides all its users with the same set of potentials, the realization of these potentials is individualized by a number of social factors, resulting in idiolects.4. In what sense is the standard dialect a special variety of language? 答：First of all, the standard dialect is based on a selected variety of the language, usually it is the local speech of an area which is considered the nation's political and commercial center. Forexample, standard English developed out of the English dialects used in and around London as they were modified over the centuries by speakers in the court, by scholars from universities and writers. Gradually the English used by the upper classes in the capital city diverged markedly from the English used by other social groups and came to be regarded as the model for all those who wished to speak and write well.Second, the standard dialect is not dialect a child acquires naturally like his regional dialect. It is a superimposed variety; it is a variety imposed from above over the range of regional dialects. Some government agenc y writes grammar books and dictionaries to ,fix? this variety and everyone agrees on what is correct usage of the language. So it has a widely accepted codified grammar and vocabulary. Once codification takes place, it is necessary for an ambitious citizen tolearn to use the correct language and to avoid ,incorrect? language. Therefore, the standard dialect is the variety which is taught and learnt in schools.Then the standard dialect has some special functions. Also designated as the official or national language of a country, the standard dialect is used for such official purposes as government documents, education, news reporting; it is the language used on any formal occasions.5. What is register as used by Halliday? Illustrate it with an example of your own. 答：According to Halliday, “Languagevaries as its function varies; it differs in different situations. Th”e type of language which is selected as appropriate to the type of situation is a register. Halliday further distinguishes three social variables that determine the register: field of discourse, tenor of discourse, and mode of discourse.For example, a lecture on linguistics could be identified asField: scientific (linguistic)Tenor: teacher —students (formal, polite)Mode: oral (academic lecturing)6. What linguistic features of Black English do you know? Do you think Black English is an illogical and inferior variety of English? Why (not)?答：(1) A prominent phonological feature of Black English is the simplification of consonant clusters at the end of a word. According to this consonant deletion rule, the final-position consonants are often deleted; thus “ passed ” is pronouncede[np]a,:dse],smk e[dneds[]m, and told[t??l].A syntactic feature of Black English that has often been cited to show its illogicality is the deletion of the link verb“be”. In Black English we frequently come across sentences without thecopula verb: “They mine ”, “You crazy ”, “Her hands cold ”, and “That house big verb deletion is not a. In fac unique feature of Black English; it is also found in some other dialects of English and in languages like Russian and Chinese. Another syntactic feature of Black English that has been the target of attack is the use of double negation constructions, e.g.(8 —2) He don't know nothing. (He doesn't know anything.)(8 —3) I ain't afraid of no ghosts. (I'm not afraid of ghosts.)Some people consider these sentences illogical because they claim that two negatives make a positive. But in fact such double negative constructions were found in all dialects of English of the earlier periods.(2) (略)7. What peculiar features docs pidgin have?答：Pidgins arose from a blending of several languages such as Chinese dialects and English, African dialects and French, African dialects and Portuguese. Usually a European language serves as the basis of the pidgin in the sense that some of its grammar and vocabulary is derived from the European language used by traders and missionaries in order to communicate with peoples whose languages they did not know.Pidgins typically have a limited vocabulary and a very reduced grammatical structure characterized by the loss of inflections, gender end case, The “ simplified var”iety performs its functions as trading and employment.8. How do bilingualism and diglossia differ, and what do they have in common?答：Bilingualism refers to the situation that in some speech communities, two languages are used side by side with each having a different role to play; and language switching occurs when the situation changes. But instead of two different languages, in a diglossic situation two varieties of a language exist side by side throughout the community, with each having a definite role to play.The two languages of bilingualism and the two varieties of diglossia each has different role to play as situation changes.。
新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案第二版秦秀白Unit8GenderDifferenc
新世纪大学英语综合教程1课后答案第二版秦秀白Unit8GenderDifferencUnit 8 Gender Differences: Keys to the exercisesWords in Action2 In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.1) Some of the government officials have become hooked on power and money.2) Male and female differences are regarded as cultural differences by some sociologists.3) Mr. Smith works in that office block facing north.4) We have barely enough money to last the weekend.5) Eye-witnesses claimed that Jim whipped the horse up to 16 times.6) I felt they hadn’t treated me fairly though they claimed that they treated everyone alike.7) I can’t tolerate your bad manners any longer.8) While his interest in these sports began to wane, a passion for rugby developed.9) I sent them another check of $5000 so as to balance their bank accounts.10) Only 13 percent of the straight-A students are female.11) Do relatives of yours still live and work in that city?12) He is a faithful follower of his home football team.13) Passengers were asked to identify their own suitcases before they were put on the bus.3 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.1) After trudging through the snow for 30 minutes we finally found our way to the remote inn.2) There were too many customers at the hairdresser’s (发廊)that day and I almost finished reading a short novel before I was able to take my turn .3) At the discussion session the girls were so much interested in the topic that the boys could barely get the floor.4) John was not eager for classroom learning, but he hungered for adventures in the rain forest of South America.5) The old man has been trying very hard to hang on to his status as chairman of the board of directors (董事会).6) These trials are simply taking far too long and the public’s interest in them is waning.7) Though the doctor has repeatedly told him to give up smoking, he is still hooked on it.8) She gave away all her money to the poor before she died.9) I’ve talked to him on the phone but I’ve never actually met him face to face.10) She poured her heart out to me yesterday and admitted that she had even thought of committing suicide (自杀).11) When she felt she could trust me, she began to open up.12) Only after many hours of fierce fighting did we begin to get the upper hand.13) He was flooded with letters of congratulations after he won the gold medal.14) The new coach soon whipped the team into line / shape by emphasizing the importance of discipline.●Increasing Your Word Power1 Complete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right answer.1) All the following nouns can form acceptable collocations with the noun GENDER except ________.a.relationsb. differencesc. inequalityd. rolee. character2) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun IDENTITY except ________.a. falseb. culturalc. inevitabled. truee. mistaken3 All the following verbs can go with the noun STATUS except ________.a. achieveb. controlc. recognized. improvee. acquire4) All the following verbs can go with the noun SYMPATHY except________.a. transferb. offerc. aroused. expresse. feel5) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun MESSAGE except ________.a. longb. sarcasticc. urgentd. anxiouse. self-revealing6) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun COMMAND except ________.a. appropriateb. personalc. completed. militarye. stressful7) All the following adjectives can form acceptable collocations with thenoun EXPERTISE except ________.a. extensiveb. wealthyc. relevantd. necessarye. existing8) All the following verbs can go with the noun ADVICE except ________.a. giveb. seekc. ignored. heede. locateMatch the verbs in the left column with the nouns and phrases in the right column. Put the corresponding letter in the blank following each word.1) type ( c ) a) a bug2) write ( b ) b) a check3) install ( e ) c) a command4) upgrade (d ) d) a computer5) eliminate ( a ) e) a hard drive3 Did you notice the prefixes un-, in-, im-, dis- in words that you have come across from Units 1-8, such as unfamiliar, inescapable, impatient, disrespectful. These prefixes can be used in front of adjectives to produce an opposite meaning.In addition to un-, in-, im-, and dis-, the prefixes il- and ir- also fall into this category. Now complete the following table with the prefixes mentioned above.Adjectives Prefixes Adjectives(with opposite meaning)agreeable dis-/il-/imin-/ir-/un disagreeablecompetent incompetentdependent independentfortunate unfortunatehonorable dishonourablelogical illogicallegal illegalmoral immoralperfect imperfectregular irregularreliable unreliableresponsible irresponsibleComplete each of the following sentences by changing the words given inbrackets into proper forms.1) Some experts hold that it would be immoral (moral) to clone a human being.2) The politician was criticized because of his dishonourable (honour) behaviour.3) In most countries, it is illegal (legal) for doctors to help patient send their lives.4) The computer was unreliable (reliable); it always crashed for one reasonor another.5) They have tried every means to escapethe disagreeable (agreeable)situation.6) When emotion outweighs (超过；胜过)reason, people are likely tomake illogical (logic) decisions.7) Because he was incompetent (competent) at management, the business ran into debt soon after he took over from his father.8) One of the purposes of education is to cultivate students’ strong sense of responsibility and independent (depend) thinking abilities.9) It would be irresponsible (responsible) of journalists to make up news stories without any investigation.10) All happy families resemble one another, but each unfortunate(fortunate) family is unfortunate (fortunate) in its own way.Grammar in ContextTask 1: Combine each pair of sentences into one containing an adverbial of concession by using the word in brackets.1) a. He would try.b. He fell short of his parents’ expectations.(as)Try as he would, he fell short of his parents’ expectations.2) a. He was tired out after a day of hard work.b. He stayed up late to watch the FIFA World Cup final.(though)Though he was tired out after a day of hard work, he stayed up late to watch theFIFA World Cup final.3) a. I disapprove of what you say.b. I will defend to the death your right to say it.(while)While I disapprove of what you say, I will defend to the death your right to say it.4) a. There is no evidence to suggest that they spread viruses.b. The European Union has banned imports of dairy products from other countries.(even though)Even though there is no evidence to suggest that they spread viruses, the EuropeanUnion has banned imports of dairy products from other countries.5) a. There are visible graphic warnings on cigarette packets.b. Some smokers turn a blind eye to the potential hazards ofsmoking.(despite)Despite the visible graphic warnings on cigarette packets, some smokers turn a blind eye to the potential hazards of smoking.Task 2: Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English beginning with the word or phrase that has been given.1) He was found guilty of graft (贪污受贿) and corruption (腐败) and was sentenced to 20 years’ imprison ment even though (尽管他曾是一位高官).He was found guilty of graft and corruption and was sentenced to 20 years’ imprisonment even though he was a high-ranking official.2) People from all walks of life, whether (无论老幼贫富), should extend helping hands to those in the flood-stricken areas.People from all walks of life, whether they are young or old, rich or poor, should extend helping hands to those in the flood-stricken areas.3) No matter (不管道路如何艰险), the future will always be beautiful so long as hope remains.No matter how rough and dangerous the road is, the future will always be beautiful so long as hope remains.4) For all (尽管他成就非凡), he remained modest and humble.For all his remarkable achievements, he remained modest and humble.5) Granted that (即使人工智能已获得重大突破), the computer can never replace the human brain in the long run.Granted that a major breakthrough in artificial intelligence has been achieved, the computer can never replace the human brain in the long run.ClozeComplete the following passage with the words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.Boys and girls learn different ways of behaving, talking, and thinking. These different behaviors reflect differences in g ender (1). In the American culture, boys learn to c ompete (2) with each other in games, trying very hard to win and b oasting (3) about how well they can do things. These behaviors are considered m asculine (4). People expect boys to act in these ways. On the other hand, girls learn to be f eminine (5). They would rather have their friends like them than compete with them to win a game. Girls arec oncerned (6) with being fair, or equal, when they play. As children grow up, their gender will i nfluence (7) their behavior. Language r eflects (8) the gender of children, too. Boys usually give c ommands (9), while girls often make suggestions to show they are not b ossy (10).At school boys gain theirs tatus (11) through playing sports well and e arning (12)high grades. Girls will gain respect by having friends who are popular. Sharing g ossip (13) about a friend is one of the ways for girls to e mphasize (14) the fact that they belongto the same group. These differences are cultural and seem to be part of growing up in the culture in which they live.TranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.1) 这所学校关心学生的道德和社会责任的教育，多过于他们的学业成绩。
新视野英语教程1Unit8答案国家级规划教材读写教程第二版分析解析
新视野英语教程1Unit8答案国家级规划教材读写教程【第二版】分析解析新视野英语教程1 Unit 8 答案Section AP139 Reading Out:Fill in the blanks without referring to the original text. Then check your answers against the original. After that, read the passage aloud until you can say it from memory.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- But experts in the study of (1) ▁▁▁through body movement are not yet prepared to (2) ▁▁▁out an exact dictionary of gestures, (3) ▁▁▁body movements can mean many things. For example, a student in conversation with a professor may (4) ▁▁▁ the older person's eyes a little longer than usual. This gesture can be a sign of (5) ▁▁▁ and love; it can be a small challenge to the professor's 6▁▁▁ ;or it can be something else entirely.Answer:(1)communication (2) spell (3) as(4) hold (5) respect (6) authorityGetting the MessageRead the following questions and complete the answers according to the text.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. How do we communicate with one another? We communicate with one another ▁▁▁.2. How do children understand and learn the meanings of body language?They understand and learn them▁▁▁ .3. What factors (因素) influence our body language?▁▁▁ influence our body language.4. Why does an English-dubbed foreign filmoften seem very flat?Because▁▁▁ .5. How can one's emotion be communicated? It can be communicated ▁▁▁.Answer:(1) by using both verbal and nonverbal languages(2) along with words(3) Our sex, racial background, social class and communication style(4) the gestures in the film often don't match the language dubbed into it(5) by using body languageP120 Using the Right Word:Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Born deaf (聋的), she could not use __B__language to communicate with us.A. nonverbalB. verbalC. foreignD. body2. Being a(n) ___A__ of America, the famous movie star decided to run for US president.A. nativeB. maleC. originalD. female3. One cannot _D___ across his thoughts to others well if he doesn't master enough words.A. passB. handC. transportD. put4. Could you give me more of his __A___information before I agree to interview him?A. backgroundB. undergroundC. backD. behind5. His __C___ expression (表情) shows that he is unhappy about that.A. bodyB. handC. facialD. verbal6. Mom always tells me to work more __D___ so that I can have more time to play and relax.A. efficientB. easilyC. easeD. efficiently7. Though defeated, the guest team __C___ usto another match this Saturday.A. changedB. wantedC. challengedD. made8. The teacher granted her the __B___ to be in charge of Group One at the spring-outing (春游).A. abilityB. authorityC. certificateD. authoritiesWorking with Expressions:Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Our teacher usually finishes ▁▁▁ each of her sentences by looking straight intoone of the students' eyes.2. One psychologist concludes if a person uses too many gestures while ▁▁▁conversation ▁▁▁ others, it shows that he or she is not sure of himself or herself.3. She speaks with standard British English pronunciation, so I can easily pick ▁▁▁her nationality (国籍).4. Failing to put ▁▁▁ what she really wanted to say, the old woman finally drew a picture.5. Tom found it difficult to communicate ▁▁▁ his great grandfather.6. The publishing house (出版社) called together many experts to spell ▁▁▁ a completely new book on grammar.7. My grandparents enjoy listening to classical music, along ▁▁▁ dancing.8. She must have told us a lie, because she looked ▁▁▁ quickly.Answer:(1)up (2) in; with (3) out (4)across (5) with (6) out (7) with(8) awayP141 Focusing on Sentence Structure:A. Rewrite the following sentences after the models, using the expression "along with". -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Small kids learn a lot of stories from their grannies (奶奶). They also learn many words from them.Small kids learn a lot of stories from their grannies, along with many words.2. Last month Mr. Smith went on vacation. His wife went with him.Last month Mr. Smith went on vacation, along with his wife.3. The teacher took a portable (手提式的) computer into the classroom. He took a tape recorder, too.The teacher took a portable computer into the classroom, along with a tape recorder.B. Rewrite the following sentences after the models, using the expression "thanks to". -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. I did not get wet in the rain, for I brought an umbrella with me.Thanks to the umbrella I brought with me,I did not get wet in the rain.2. As they called a taxi, they were able to catch the train.Thanks to the taxi they called, they were able to catch the train.3. A kind man gave her a large sum of money, so her business was saved.Thanks to the large sum of money a kind man gave her, her business was saved.P142 Translating:A. Translate the following into English. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. 在西方人看来，与人交谈时不看着对方的眼睛是很不礼貌的。
新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程3课后习题答案完整版UNIT 8
Listen and RespondTask One Focusing on the Main IdeasChoose the best answer to each of the following questions according to the information contained in the listening passage.1) What should you do when you are traveling abroad according to the speaker?A) Get to know about the manners of the foreign country.B) Try to remember your own manners.C) Read some books about the manners of that country.D) Observe closely the foreigners’ manners.2) How do Americans feel when Chinese point to the nose to ind icate “me”?A) They think it strange. B) They feel it funny.C) They find it amazing. D) They feel puzzled.3) Who never bothers to use two hands to give or receive a gift?A) Chinese. B) Bulgarians.C) Indians. D) Americans.4) To Indians, what is the left hand used for?A) Serving dishes. B) Passing food at table.C) Washing themselves. D) Showing disagreement.5) What does the passage mainly tell us?A) It is necessary to adapt to different cultures.B) Cultural misunderstanding is common today.C) Cultural differences are a worthy topic to study.D) People of different cultures may have different manners.Task Two Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in the blanks according to what you have heard.1) When Chinese stamp their feet to show anger , Americans interpret this as showing impatience . Chinese clap for themselves after a speech. Americans may see this as being immodest .2) Americans may pat other adults on the head to show sympathy, affection, or encouragement. This behavior could insult Chinese.3) A visitor to India would do well to remember that people there think it impolite to use the left hand for passing food at table.4) Also in India, you might see a man apparently shaking his head at the other to show that he is disagreeing. But in many other parts of India a rotating movement of the head is to show agreement .5) In Europe it is quite usual to cross your legs while sitting and talking to someone, even at an important meeting. But doing this could cause offence to a Thailander.Read and ExploreTask One Discovering the Main Ideas1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.1) What causes culture shock according to the author?Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing the familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. These signs and symbols include all the countless ways and means we resort to for daily survival.2) How does an individual feel when he or she enters a strange culture?Like a fish out of water, he or she feels frustrated and anxious.3) How do people react to the frustration and anxiety caused by culture shock? At first they may reject the environment which causes the discomfort, thinking that the ways of the host country are bad because they make them feel bad. And then they may enter another phase of culture shock, which is called “regression”. They start missing their home country and the home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. All the difficulties and problems back home are forgotten and only the good things are remembered.4) What is the relationship between culture and the individual?The individual lives not only in a physical environment but also in a cultural environment. The individual must learn the culture he or she is born into because he or she is not born with culture but only with the capacity to learn it and use it. Once learned, culture becomes a way of life.5) What is ethnocentrism and what characterizes it?Ethnocentrism is a belief that not only the culture but the race and the nation form the center of the world. People with this attitude identify themselves with their own group to the extent that any critical comment is taken as a remark that is rude to the individual as well as to the race or the nation. Along with this attitude goes the tendency to attribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics.6) What can we do to get over culture shock as quickly as possible?To get over culture shock as quickly as possible, we have to get to know the people of the host country. For this purpose, we must, first of all, learn its language. When we are able to talk with the natives of the host country, we will be confident and a whole new world of cultural meanings will open up for us. Then, we must try to find out the value and interest pattern of the native people. In this way, we can find it quite easy to get people to talk to us and be interested in us. Thirdly, we can join the activities of the people, whether it is a carnival, a religious ritual, or some economic activity.2 Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.Part Paragraph(s) Main IdeaOne 1–3 We might call culture shock a disease which is caused by the frustration and anxiety resulting from losing all our familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse.Two 4–6 Culture shock is due to our own lack of understanding of other people’s cultural background and our l ack of the means of communication rather than the hostility of an alien environment.Three 7–9 To get over culture shock, we should get to know the people of the host country and their language; we should find out what they do, how they do it, and what their interests are, etc. But understanding the ways of a people does not mean that we have to give up our own.Task Two Reading Between the LinesRead the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicised parts.1. We might almost call culture shock an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. (Para. 1)People working under the same conditions may contract occupational diseases owing to the dangers associated with the work. More broadly and figuratively,as here, the phrase “occupational disease” can be applied to the unpleasant consequences associated with any activity.2. All of us depend for our peace of mind and our efficiency on hundreds of these cues. (Para. 2)These familiar cues can exactly tell us what to do and how to do things, which helps us deal successfully with the various situations we encounter. Without these numerous cues, we cannot enjoy peace of mind or efficiency in work and life.3. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality. (Para. 3)When you step into a new culture, you tend to feel that your own culture back home is the best; it is only after you return to your homeland that you will find the culture of your own nation or race is by no means perfect.4. The culture of any people is the product of history and is built up over time largely through processes which are beyond his awareness. (Para. 4) Culture develops and accumulates through a long but hardly noticeable process.5. It is thus best to recognize that ethnocentrism is a permanent characteristic of national groups. (Para. 5)People tend to regard their own culture and lifestyles as the best; meanwhile, they tend to regard the behavior of an individual from another culture as apermanent trait of his or her national group. Accordingly, an awareness of this fact should help us deal with a new culture more successfully.6. But once you begin to be able to carry on a friendly conversation with your maid, your neighbour, or to go on shopping trips alone, you not only gain confidence and a feeling of power but a whole new world of cultural meanings opens up for you. (Para. 7)Language is the principal symbol system of communication. Knowing the language of the host country is a principal means by which we can settle down comfortably and confidently in a new culture.Task Three Voicing Your ViewsA Chinese marketing manager in Beijing was sent to Los Angeles for a two-year sales promotion. It should have been a thrilling experience but, like a fish out of water, he felt very uncomfortable soon after he got there. Work in groups of threes or fours and discuss the challenges he might have possibly met and the symptoms of his discomfort. And then give him some suggestions so that he could get over culture shock as quickly as possible.Write down your outlines first and then present your ideas to the whole class.ChallengesThe following tips may be of some help.1. He cannot communicate well;2. He is not familiar with the transportation system;3. He does not know how to make purchases;4. He cannot adapt to the food;5. He finds difficulties in seeing a doctor;6. He does not know how to open a bank account, etc.Symptoms1. anxiety, frustration, depression, and resentment;2. insomnia, loneliness, and homesickness;3. rejection of the new environment and unwillingness to interact with others;4. lack of confidence; feelings of insecurity or helplessness;5. compulsive eating and drinking, etc.Suggestions1. He should learn English well;2. He should learn about the gestures, facial expressions, customs, values, and beliefsof the American people;3. He should maintain contact with Chinese people for a sense of belonging;4. He should participate in community activities to get familiar with the Americanculture;5. He should value relationships at work to get support;6. He should follow his ambition and continue his plan for the future, etc.Checking Your VocabularyWord Detective1 Put down the right word from Text B in the space provided according to the given definition. The first letter of each word is already given.Example: f orgettable: not important or good enough to be remembered1) s lice: cut into thin flat pieces2) t ender: easy to bite through; soft3) p roof: facts, information, documents, etc., that prove sth.4) f uneral: a ceremony, usu. religious, of burying or burning a dead person5) p reserve: prepare (food) for being kept for a long time by some special treatment6) f amiliarity: the freedom of behaviour usu. only expected in the most friendly relations7) p roclaim: make (esp. news of national importance) known publicly, esp. using speech rather than writing8) i ngredient: any of the things that are formed into a mixture when making sth., esp. in cooking2 Fill in each blank with a word or phrase from Text B. Both the explanation and the number of the paragraph in which the target word or phrase appears are given in brackets. Be sure to use the proper form.Example:She’s against the idea, but I’m sure I can win her over .(gain the support of, often by persuading: Para. 1)1) I like the house but I think the price is a bit on the high side .(rather; too: Para. 6)2) Remember to hold your breath when you dive into the water.(stop breathing for a short time: Para. 7)3) Be careful. The road is icy, wet, and slippery .(difficult to stand on without slipping: Para. 15)4) Half drunk, Michael got up and helped ... to some more brandy.(serve oneself with food, drink, etc.: Para. 16)5) I invited her to join us, but she declined .(refuse (a request or offer), usu. politely: Para. 17)6) You can improve the flavor of the sauce by adding a little red wine.(the quality of tasting good: Para. 20)Checking Your Comprehension1 Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text B.1) Why did the narrator ask her boyfriend to praise her mother’s cooking? Because her mother was proud of her skill of cooking. By asking her boyfriend to praise her mother’s cooking the narrator hoped that he would win her mother’s favor.2) What was her mother’s first impression of Rich?He looked rather plain with too many freckles across his nose.3) What mistakes did Rich make at the dinner table?At dinner he drank two full glasses of the French wine he had brought while everybody else had a half-inch “just for taste.” He did not know how to use chopsticks and how to show appreciation for the food the mother cooked. He ate big portions of the dish he liked, instead of taking only a polite spoonful. He declined the tender and expensive new greens the narrator’s mother had carefully prepared. What is worse, he spoiled the flavor of the mother’s famous dish by pouring too much soy sauce into it.4) Why did the narrator shudder when she remembered how Rich parted with her parents?When he shook hands with her parents, Rich showed that same easy familiarity he used with nervous new clients and he addressed them by their first names, which sounded quite impolite. Nobody except a few older family friends, had ever called them by their first names.5) What did Rich think of the evening?He thought it was good and that everything had gone well that night. He was expecting to see the narrator’s parents again.6) Why didn’t the narrator tell her mother that she was getting married? Because at every possible moment when she was alone with her mother, her mother would be voicing her dissatisfaction with Rich. So the narrator did not have a chance — not even the courage — to tell her mother about her marriage plan.7) Why couldn’t Rich understand the narrator’s mother?It was the cultural differences that caused their misunderstanding. Rich did not know much about Chinese table manners and he took others’ words literally.2 Read the following sentences carefully and discuss in pairs what the author intends to say by the italicised parts.1) She can only cook looking at a recipe. (Para. 4)She is poor at cooking and could not cook creatively; no one would enjoy the dishes she cooked.2) Rich obviously had had a different opinion on how the evening had gone. (Para. 23)Rich didn’t realize at all how serious his mistakes were in my parents’ eyes. Instead, he thought what he had done was proper in the situation.3) When we got home that night, I was still shuddering, remembering how Rich had firmly shaken both my parents’ hands with that same easy familiarity he used with nervous new clients. (Para. 23)He did not realize that he had shaken my parents’ hands in a way that had irritated them.4) How long d oes it take to say, Mom, Dad, I’m getting married? (Para. 26)It is extremely easy to tell them that you are getting married.Enhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.Text A abroad dictate reject transmit transplant tremendousText B burst delay flavor proof slice slippery splash tender1) Do you have any proof that it was Jeremy who stole the bike?2) Could you slice a piece of cake for me? I want to taste it.3) A large number of trains were delayed because of bad weather conditions.4) Laura rejected all her parents’ offers of financial help and started to make an independent living.5) The company has increased its share of the market both at home and abroad .6) The tennis club rules dictate that suitable tennis shoes must be worn on the courts.7) I’m afraid I’d have to throw away my T-shirt because there are splashes of paint on it.8) To make the meat tender enough for my grandmother, I cooked it for a long time.9) It has been raining for a whole week and the dam is likely to burst under the heavy weight of water.10) The food we had last night had no flavor at all; perhaps we should go to another restaurant next time.11) Some diseases are transmitted from parents to children; they are called hereditary diseases.12) My uncle has spent a tremendous amount of money on that house — much greater than he had expected.13) The stepping-stones (踏脚石) look really slippery ; I don’t think I will be able to get across the stream without getting wet.14) Adults are often less flexible (随遇而安的), so they need more time to adapt themselves to the new surroundings when they are transplanted to another place.2 In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.Text A a fish out of water as such build up by means of enter into get over identify oneself with open up orient oneself to result fromText B from head to toe hold one’s breath on the … side win over1) I’m afraid I shall be like a fish out of water if I live abroad.2) It’s a traditional Chinese custom for a bride (新娘) to be dressed in red from head to toe .3) Everything here is new to me; I need some time to orient myself to the new surroundings.4) He is a child, and must be treated as such ; it’s unreasonable to treat him like an adult.5) This hat is a bit on the small side for me. Would you please show me a bigger one?6) While traveling in Italy I made myself understood mainly by means of sign language.7) Talk to someone or a professional about your problems. Don’t let your depression build up .8) He disagrees at the moment, but I’m sure we can win him over to our point of view.9) They are reluctant to identify themselves with any organizations because they hate to get involved in any public affairs.10) The doctor told me it was only a stomach upset, not food poisoning, and I would get over it in a day or two.11) They refuse to enter into any discussion on this matter; therefore the problem can’t be solved for the time being.12) Soon after she settled down in the city she realized that a completely new life was opening up before her.13) He explained that his bad temper resulted from his lack of sleep; he had been working for three days and nights without any rest.14) Only two out of the twenty applicants could get the jobs offered; we all held our breath while waiting for the results to be announced.Increasing Your Word Power1 Study the following confusable words and fill in the blanks in the following sentences with the proper words. Be sure to use them in their proper forms.accusecharge (sb.) with doing wrong or breaking the law 指责，谴责；控告，告发accuse sb. of (doing) sth.He was accused of robbery.blameconsider (sb. or sth.) responsible for (sth. bad) 责怪，怪罪，把…归咎于blame sb.blame sth. on sb.blame sb. for (doing) sth.be to blame for (doing) sth.1. Don’t blame me if it doesn’t work—it’s not my fault.2. She blamed the failure of their marriage on him.3. She blamed him for the failure of their marriage.4. Which driver was to blame for the accident?chargebring an esp. criminalcharge against / state officially that someone may be guilty of a crime; accuse 控告；指控charge sb. with (doing) sth.He was charged with stealing the jewels.condemnexpress very strong disapproval of (sb. or sth.) 谴责，强烈指责condemn sb. / sth. as1. Many people would condemn violence of any sort.2. The law has been condemned by its opponents as an attack on personal liberty.criticizejudge with disapproval; point out the faults of 批评；指责criticize sb. for (doing) sth.The report strongly criticizes the police for failing to deal with this problem.scoldspeak angrily and complainingly to (sb. who has done sth. wrong) 责骂；斥责scold sb. for (doing) sth.Did you scold her for breaking the window?1) She is charged with murdering her husband.2) We love peace and we strongly condemn war.3) If I walk in wearing muddy boots, Dad will scold me.4) The children were not to blame for the accident. It was not their fault.5) The man had been accused of kidnapping (绑架) a movie star and was found guilty in court.6) The terrorist action was condemned as an act of cruelty and barbarism (野蛮).7) Hugh blames his lack of confidence on his mother since she never encourages him.8) Doctors criticized the government for failing to invest enough in the health care.2 The prefixes super(-) and ultra(-) mean “extremely, above, etc.” Study the box below and then do the exercise.super(-)1) extremely; more, larger, greater, or more powerful than usual 超，过(于)e.g. superpower 超级大国supernatural 超自然的2) above; over 上；上方e.g. superstructure 上层建筑supervise 监管ultra(-)1) infml very; extremely〖非正式〗极(度)e.g. ultracautious 极其小心的ultramodern 超现代的2) tech above in a range; beyond〖术语〗超(过)e.g. ultrasound 超声波ultrahigh frequency (=UHF) 超高频Now fill in each blank with a word from the box below. Change the form where necessary. Consult a dictionary if necessary.superhero supersonic superstar superstructure ultraconservative ultraclean ultra-stylish ultraviolet1) To protect our environment, we should use ultraclean fuels.2) It is essential to rebuild the superstructure of a modern market economy.3) Developing a(n) supersonic aircraft is quite an accomplishment in the history of aviation (航空).4) Children, or rather, people of all ages, are often fascinated by superheroes in books and movies.5) She realized that to become a pop superstar she still has a lot to learn and she must train hard.6) This is a(n) ultra-stylish modern dining table, combining tapered (逐渐变细的) wooden legs with a glass top.7) David was a(n) ultraconservative manager and the company ceased to make progress when he was presiding over it.8) The ultraviolet rays can cause sunburn and even skin cancer; you should take necessary precautions before heading out into the scorching sun.Grammar in Context1 Study the following sentences containing double negation.1) It is not uncommon to get into a mode where you think, “If only I had object X, my life would be perfect and I would be happy.” (Para. 2, Text B, Unit 6) 2) But this you cannot do with any success without knowing the language, for language is the principal symbol system of communication. (Para. 7, Text A, Unit 6)Now rewrite the following statements using double negation after the examples.Examples:1. It is common to get into a mode where you think, “If only I had object X, my life would be perfect and I would be happy.”It is not uncommon to get into a mode where you think, “If only I had object X, my life would be perfect and I would be happy.”2. But this you can do with some success only by knowing the language…But this you cannot do with any success without knowing the language…3. Einstein is so famous that everyone knows him.Einstein is so famous that there is nobody who does not know him.1) The announcement was followed by an expected silence.The announcement was followed by a not unexpected silence.2) Exhausted and hungry, she could only walk with my help.Exhausted and hungry, she could not walk without my help.3) Everyone makes some mistakes in his lifetime.There’s nobody who makes no mistakes in his lifetime.4) You must have a warrant (搜查令) before you can search my house.You can’t search my house without a warrant.5) Only a life lived with dreams can be as rich and rewarding as life can be.A life lived without dreams can’t be as rich and rewarding as life can be.6) The American West is a region where farming is possible only with irrigation (灌溉).The American West is a region where farming is impossible / not possible without irrigation.2 Examine the structure The more …, the more … in the following sentences.1) And the sooner you do this, the sooner culture shock will disappear. (Text A, Para.6)2) The better tool you have, the easier the job will be.Now translate the following sentences into English.1) 这工作我越做越开心。
新视野英语教学教程1Unit8答案解析国家级规划教学材料读写教学教程【第二版】
新视野英语教程1 Unit 8 答案Section AP139 Reading Out:Fill in the blanks without referring to the original text. Then check your answers against the original. After that, read the passage aloud until you can say it from memory.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- But experts in the study of (1) ▁▁▁through body movement are not yet prepared to (2) ▁▁▁out an exact dictionary of gestures, (3) ▁▁▁body movements can mean many things. For example, a student in conversation with a professor may (4) ▁▁▁the older person's eyes a little longer than usual. This gesture can be a sign of (5) ▁▁▁and love; it can be a small challenge to the professor's 6▁▁▁;or it can be something else entirely.Answer:(1)communication (2) spell (3) as (4) hold (5) respect (6) authorityGetting the MessageRead the following questions and complete the answers according to the text.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. How do we communicate with one another?We communicate with one another ▁▁▁.2. How do children understand and learn the meanings of body language? They understand and learn them▁▁▁ .3. What factors (因素) influence our body language?▁▁▁influence our body language.4. Why does an English-dubbed foreign film often seem very flat? Because▁▁▁ .5. How can one's emotion be communicated?It can be communicated ▁▁▁.Answer:(1) by using both verbal and nonverbal languages(2) along with words(3) Our sex, racial background, social class and communication style(4) the gestures in the film often don't match the language dubbed into it(5) by using body languageP120 Using the Right Word:Choose the best item to complete each of the following sentences.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Born deaf (聋的), she could not use __B__ language to communicate with us.A. nonverbalB. verbalC. foreignD. body2. Being a(n) ___A__ of America, the famous movie star decided to run for US president.A. nativeB. maleC. originalD. female3. One cannot _D___ across his thoughts to others well if he doesn't master enough words.A. passB. handC. transportD. put4. Could you give me more of his __A___ information before I agree to interview him?A. backgroundB. undergroundC. backD. behind5. His __C___ expression (表情) shows that he is unhappy about that.A. bodyB. handC. facialD. verbal6. Mom always tells me to work more __D___ so that I can have more time to play and relax.A. efficientB. easilyC. easeD. efficiently7. Though defeated, the guest team __C___ us to another match this Saturday.A. changedB. wantedC. challengedD. made8. The teacher granted her the __B___ to be in charge of Group One at the spring-outing (春游).A. abilityB. authorityC. certificateD. authoritiesWorking with Expressions:Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Our teacher usually finishes ▁▁▁each of her sentences by looking straight into one of the students' eyes.2. One psychologist concludes if a person uses too many gestures while ▁▁▁conversation ▁▁▁others, it shows that he or she is not sure of himself or herself.3. She speaks with standard British English pronunciation, so I can easily pick ▁▁▁her nationality (国籍).4. Failing to put ▁▁▁what she really wanted to say, the old woman finally drew a picture.5. T om found it difficult to communicate ▁▁▁his great grandfather.6. The publishing house (出版社) called together many experts to spell ▁▁▁a completely new book on grammar.7. My grandparents enjoy listening to classical music, along ▁▁▁dancing.8. She must have told us a lie, because she looked ▁▁▁quickly.Answer:(1)up (2) in; with (3) out (4) across (5) with (6) out (7) with (8)awayP141 Focusing on Sentence Structure:A. Rewrite the following sentences after the models, using the expression "along with".--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Small kids learn a lot of stories from their grannies (奶奶). They also learn many words from them.Small kids learn a lot of stories from their grannies, along with many words.2. Last month Mr. Smith went on vacation. His wife went with him.Last month Mr. Smith went on vacation, along with his wife.3. The teacher took a portable (手提式的) computer into the classroom. He took a tape recorder, too.The teacher took a portable computer into the classroom, along with a tape recorder.B. Rewrite the following sentences after the models, using the expression "thanks to".--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. I did not get wet in the rain, for I brought an umbrella with me.Thanks to the umbrella I brought with me, I did not get wet in the rain.2. As they called a taxi, they were able to catch the train.Thanks to the taxi they called, they were able to catch the train.3. A kind man gave her a large sum of money, so her business was saved. Thanks to the large sum of money a kind man gave her, her business was saved.P142 Translating:A. Translate the following into English.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. 在西方人看来，与人交谈时不看着对方的眼睛是很不礼貌的。
(完整版)新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第一册UNIT5~UNIT8习题答案
1)Does the Writer SUPPOrt the idea that“one'S PerSonality Can be SUmmed UP
in a word”?(Para. 2) What evidence in the text Can you find to SUPPOrt your an swer?
C)how to express one'S PerSonality
D)how to solve PerS on ality problems
2)ACCOrd ing to the speaker, psychologists.
A)ofte n emphasize the importa nce of frie ndship
OneWantS to lear n Or CUItiVate.
Read and Explore
CheCk ing Your VOCabUIary
1 Play detective and find the required word or PhraSe in TeXt B accord ing to the clues give n. Then, make at least two Senten CeS
3) How does family en Vir Onment affect a child
Home life affects a child'S growth. A child who feels loved and
SeCUre at home is more likely to develop POSitiVe traits than those
1）T A PerSon'S look and PerSonality make him/her UniqUe（独特）.
全新版大学英语综合教程5(第二版)unit1-8课后答案
UNIT1VocabularyI.1. allot2. go through fire and water3. reside4. sobbed5. made no mention of6. sacrifice7. came upon8. rhythm9. volume 10. something of aII.1. I stayed on as an assistant professor.2. I hold it to my ear because I want to hear time tick away.3. The salary is not wonderful, but the duties are light.4. The moral of the lesson is not to talk to strangers.5. Yes, but it cannot hold a candle to Huangshan.III.1. The nasty smell from the kitchen made her stomach churn.2. When she sank into drunkenness, she was able to forget her sorrow.3. In the 1500 meters, Martin and Parker came first and third respectively.4. The two hills Shunner Fell from the north and Lovely Seat from the south flank the famous Butter Tubs Pass.5. Levi, in gratitude to Joshua, gave a party for him.Iv. 1. ambition-----ambition-----regardless of 2. discourse---by way of 3. is engraved---inward V. 1. have come upon/across 2. had come out 3. come on/up 4. came across 5. comes down to 6. came around/to 7. comes to 8. came through 9. came up with 10. comes upUsage1. the Wilsons2. Mark Twain3. Annie Johnsons4. another Winston Churchill5. a Mrs. Burton6. a Budweiser7. A Monet8. an old Ford Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze 1. Text-related 1. go through fire and water 2. salary 3. give---no peace 4. sink into 5. ambition 6. By way of 7. expressive 8. churned 9. engraved 10. not hold a candle to 11. inward2. Theme-related1. Success2. literacy3. significantly4. promoting5. appropriate6. too7. later8. repetition9. invented 10. lessII. TranslationAlthough my grandmother was illiterate, she had a good stock of myths and legends. When I was young I gave her no peace, constantly asking her to tell me stories. After she had finished her housework, she would lift me onto her lap and tell stories, all the while rocking me in rhythm. Having noticed my interest in stories, my parents lost no time in initiating me into reading. They bought many storybooks with illustrations, and whenever free, they would read these stories to me over and over again. By and by I had a vocabulary large enough to read on my own.UNIT2VocabularyI. 1.1) appetite2) destructive3) agency4) processed5) saturated6) utter7) hoisted8) referring to9) retrieve10) Unfortunately2.1)Peter was chasing the dog and Tom was riding the wooden horse in the garden.2)They all looked on except one young man. He took her to the hospital instantly.3)I laid charges against the company and won the case.4)If we want to stay competitive, first of all we need to modernize our factory.5)They got irrigation water from the dammed rivers.3.1)Except in the oases the desert is almost devoid of vegetation, although somestunted, thorny shrubs grow in the western Sahara.2)The fruits growing wild in the coastal forest are edible.3)The national security agency made recommendations for improving safetystandards in airplanes / to improve safety standards in airplanes.4)The Beatles enjoyed success on a scale unparalleled by any previous pop group.5)The emergence of language was a defining factor in the evolution of modernhumans.4.1)Excluding other factors such as quality and price, products which are attractivelypackaged are bound to attract more consumers, particularly children and young people. Packaging has become an important way to boost / of boosting the sales of products.2)In the eyes of some businessmen, consumers' health comes second to profits.They sell chicken infected with salmonella and crabs with traces of antibiotics. 3)It can be hard to go vegetarian. The important thing is to make changes you feelcomfortable with, at your own pace. While stopping consuming any products for which animals are bred and slaughtered may be ideal, even a slight reduction in meat consumption is a step in the right direction.5.1) get over2) got to3) get through4) get over5) get by6) get away7) got in8) get …out9) get along10) get away withII. Collocation1.I asked her why she didn't make use of her talent and sing a pop song on thegraduation day.2.Uncle Tom, the long-suffering slave in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom'sCabin, died a miserable death.3.We still have to learn how to live a harmonious life, not only with other peoplebut also with the environment.4.Breathing a deep breath, he ran up to take the penalty kick.5.I dreamed a bad dream last night in which I was running through the forest, andbeing chased by a bear.6.My friend smiled a bitter smile when I asked her whether she'd found all themoney she'd lost.7.Black people have a hard fight to fight before they win real equality.8.People with mood disorders often sleep a troubled sleep. They toss and turn,restlessly occupied with negative thoughts.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related(1) exclude(2) stubborn(3) devoid of(4) bow to(5) potent (6) drawbacks(7) contaminating(8) heightened(9) infected(10) come second to2. Theme-related(1) consumption(2) between(3) packed(4) evident(5) population(6) encouraging(7) grave(8) against(9) criticize(10) itselfII. TranslationStudy after study has uncovered the fact that there is a close correlation between food and a number of chronic diseases. For example, a decreased risk of certain chronic diseases is associated with an increased consumption of plant-based foods. Therefore, in the past decade, the American Dietetic Association has urged Americans to reduce their intake of animal fats, and to boost consumption of fruits, vegetables, and grains. Meanwhile, the United States Department of Agriculture has released a document containing the food guide pyramid, which encourages a minimum of three vegetable and two fruit servings per day. However, many Americans still don’t meet /listen to these recommendations.UNIT3VocabularyI. 1.1) invitation2) eloquent3) concede4) contradictory5) conceals6) guilty7) generalize8) get caught in9) for now10) as a last resort2.1)Non-smoking area. John’s very intolerant of people who smoke.2)She is an interesting character, and a bit of a mystery to me.3)Because it does not reveal their marital status.4)We are planning on trekking through the Malaysian Rainforest.5)He muttered something under his breath that I couldn’t understand.6)They may need to wear protective rubber gloves and clothing.7)The chairperson said sometimes unemployment tempted the youth into criminalactivities.8)Though she never admitted it, the look on her face when I mentioned James’name gave her away.3.1)Throughout history, people have been intrigued by the question of whether thereis intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.2)The hill farmers' lot has never been easy and in recent years has been assailed bya series of major crises.3)As with most people in his family, Grey is a great talker when he's in the mood totalk.4)Few people find it necessary to condemn white lies on the grounds that they arenot real lies.5)All the evidence of your qualifications and skills that backs up the claims youm a k e i n y o u r résumé should be included.4.1)In general, everything that irritates us about others can lead us to anunderstanding of ourselves. To disregard what the world thinks of us is not only arrogant but also utterly shameless.2)Eddie was adamant that his son should never indulge in vain wishes; he believedthat it was absurd for his son to pursue a romantic but utterly impractical career in the future.3)Those considering an adventurous safari in Central Africa should be aware thatthere is an extremely small, but nonetheless present, risk of encountering bandits on the road. Thus they should decide for themselves whether such potential risks will be personally acceptable to them and their companions.5.1) go around / round2) Go for3) went off4) go on5) is going on6) go about7) go along8) go through9) go by10) go overII. Usage1.The manager was chatting with the chairman of the board about something thatconcerned the future of their cooperation and I could tell that he was being careful with his words.2.Tom didn't really like the food, but he was being polite and ate quite a bit.3.He kept tapping on his teacup with his spoon because he was getting impatientwaiting for the waiter to come around.4.By handing in papers off the Internet, students are being stupid because they runthe risk of being caught and expelled from school.5.He was being a coward by not being truthful to himself and others.6.Some of the nurses were very rude and told Edgar he was being a nuisance whenhe complained.7.Don't talk nonsense. I'm being serious.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related(1) go along(2) honesty(3) straightforward(4) indulge in(5) What about(6) dodge(7) assert(8) absurd(9) resort(10) juggle2. Theme-related(1) asserting (2) go along(3) because(4) part(5) Mistakes(6) exceptions(7) end(8) resort(9) dying(10) freedomII. TranslationThe new president of our university disapproves of the idea that we should be allowed to tell lies under certain circumstances. He believes that if people get used to telling any kind of lie, they will indulge themselves and eventually be stuck with the bad habit. To tell or not to tell a lie can sometimes become a very sticky issue, but our president insists on the notion that nobody in the world of education should dodge the responsibility of attaching primary importance to honesty while teaching the young. I agree with him. What about you?UNIT4VocabularyI. 1.(1) for myself(2) concluded(3) infinite(4) internal(5) misery(6) mode(7) ventured(8) visible(9) observation(10) commended2.1)I lay in bed feeling thoroughly wretched.2)It is fragrant with the smell of apple blossom.3)They are fine specimens of the veteran revolutionaries.4)I’d like to enroll in the modern art course if it is not too late.5)The taste is slightly bitter, and it has a strange odor.3.1)The scheme does nothing to help families on low incomes and is sure to provoke/call forth/draw/ arouse criticism.2)Jenny is terribly uncertain as to whether Bob is the right boy for her.3)These goods bear no resemblance to those I saw printed in the advertisements.4)In China, where black hair and black eyes are the norm, her blond hair and blueeyes are rather conspicuous.5)We did not have time for a rehearsal before the performance because of the delayof our flight.4.1)The new parliament member, an energetic politician and ardent advocate of thewelfare system, said: "The investigation has revealed that there are still people who lead a wretched existence in our society. To leave them to their own devices is to deny them the basic human right, the right to a decent life."2)One day my professor entrusted me with a task of doing a certain experiment andmeantime gave explicit instructions that I must read his new book beforehand.The book, however, did not commend itself to me. Could I go ahead without reading it? The perplexity haunted me for quite a while. Then I decided I could not look him in the face if I betrayed his trust. So I started reading his book in earnest before turning to the experiment.3)The day I left for college, my father gave me an alarm clock and an Englishlearner’s dictionary. Both proved useful in my subsequent years of study. The latter helped to make me accurate in my writing while the former helped me to be punctual. However, I had to part with the clock with reluctance later when it was proved to be beyond repair.5.1) turned to2) turned…down3) turn up4) turned out5) turned…over6) turned on7) turned away8) turns out9) turned in10) turning inII. Confusable Words1) come2) Come; bring; bring3) take; taken4) went; went; going5) went; came6) take7) bring8) come9) brought10) went / cameComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related(1) Enrolling(2) specimen(3) leave him to his own devices(4) investigation(5) By and by(6) content with(7) entrusted(8) reluctance(9) infectious(10) observation(11) mode(12) grounded in2. Theme-related(1) known (2) only(3) doing(4) assistance(5) assignment(6) simply(7) But(8) turned(9) singled(10) becauseII. TranslationWhen I enrolled in Math 202, I anticipated difficulties because I was not well grounded in mathematics in high school. The course was taught by Professor Richardson, a fine specimen of an old-fashioned gentleman, very cordial to hisstudents. However, when it came to academic matters, he was by no means an easy person. Before he started his lecture, he discoursed enthusiastically on the importance of working in an orderly fashion, of being thoroughly prepared before each class, and of not being content with what you have learned. His attitude towards work was infectious, and by and by I became an ardent math lover, too.UNIT5VocabularyI 1.1) percentage 2) zone3) warmth 4) diverse5) widen 6) looked around7) in the face of 8) in perspective9) temperate 10) theoretical2.1) Its profits shrank from $5 million to $1.25 million in the last global financial crisis.2) They will have to adhere to the cultural norms of the organization in order to be successful with their database project.3) My hometown is/lies halfway in between Salk Lake City and Denver.4) I saw waves battering (against) the rocks at the bottom of the cliff.5) Flood waters washed away the only bridge connecting the village to the outside world.3.1) Your report on the new car park is fine, but why don't you beef it up with some figures?2) There is a wide variation among Internet providers in cost, features, software, reliability and customer service.3) Poverty is one of the reasons for the high incidence of crime in this neighborhood.4) I suggested we sing and dance for the elderly people in the nursing home, and all my roommates were in favor of my idea.5) Doctors who are compelled to work 36 hours at a stretch cannot possibly be fully efficient.4.1) Much of the loss of biodiversity currently being experienced is attributed to human activity. Natural extinction is being accelerated by human populations wiping out entire ecosystems for development and single crop farming. Destroying naturally diverse vegetation destroys the life sustained by that habitat. We already know the scary effects of deforestation on global warming, but do we stop to think about the thousands of animal and insect species that are dying off because of global warming?2)In August 2005, some scientists from esteemed scientific organizations predicted that a temperature increase of 2 °C above the pre-industrial level could trigger the melting of the Greenland ice sheet, which would have overwhelming consequences for sea levels and biodiversity. At the current level of climate change, this prediction could become a reality in 10-15 years.3)With huge amounts of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gases in the atmosphere global surface temperature would rise to a great extent, thereby melting the north and south pole glaciers causing drought, and throwing agriculture into turmoil.The effects would be magnified if temperatures keep going up dramatically.5.1) think back to/on2) think … over3) thought of4) think of …as5) think up1) picked up2) picked out3) picked up4) picked on5) picks atII. Word Family1. 1) contaminated2) contaminate3) contamination4) uncontaminated2. 1) habitable2) habitation3) inhabit4) uninhabited5) uninhabitable6) inhabitedComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1)beef up2) coastal3)in favour of4) residents5)theoretical6) disastrous7)battered8) shrinking9)migrate10) washed away11)Scary12) humanity2.1) predicting2) accuracy3) basis4) collide5) atmosphere6) melts7) affected8) actions9) striving10) technologiesII. TranslationMost scientists no longer doubt that the world is warming up and that humanity has altered climate. They agree that the long-term effects of global warming will be disastrous for the planet and its inhabitants. What is more, climate change won’t be a smooth transition to a warmer world. Some regions will be greatly affected by abrupt climate changes. Enormous areas of densely populated land like coastal Florida would become uninhabitable. Hundreds of millions of residents would have to migrate to safer regions. Therefore, it is no surprise that global warming has made its way onto the agenda of world leaders.UNIT6VocabularyI. 1.1) the hard way2) solemn3) wrote out4) champion5) ownership6) privilege7) To be sure8) handicap9) surge10) cut the ground from under …feet2.1) The committee aims to achieve reconciliation between the two opposingparties.2) The management's refusal to increase the minimum monthly grant.3) Public places such as metro stations, theaters, and museums have beenmade more accessible to the disabled.4) His love for the countryside brought forth a series of remarkablewatercolors.5) It embodies the ideals of freedom and equality.3.1)The books are keyed to the interests of children.2)We will not stand by and let the small village schools get closed for lackof funds.3)Their response was in effect a refusal to our request though they didn'tturn it down explicitly.4) Generous to a fault, he paid for all the expenses5) We shall always feel we are deeply in your debt.4.1)Under the leadership of Sam Walton, Wal-Mart prospered at an amazing speed. Asked about the underlying reasons for the great success, he said, "To begin with, it's the two orientations that characterize the culture of this company: cooperative with regard to making decisions, and trusting in relation to fellow workers. Every employee has a strong sense of obligation to the company and boundless enthusiasm for the work."2)Most chapters of this book are dedicated to the effects of games on children. According to the author, in performing and observing actions, like the collision of two objects, babies can have first-hand experience of the relations implicit in the phenomena. And team sports can help to shape children's personality in a positive way, because they can learn how to cooperate with each other in the competition.3)Martin Luther King and Rosa Parker had a lot in common. They were black people as well as civil rights heroes. They led black people to combat discrimination and inequality and to try to gain control over their own destinies. Faced with great difficulties and failures, they hung on and never gave up because they held to the notion that all men are created equal. (destiny, in common, combat, notion, hang on)5. 1) set out2) set off3) set in4) set aside5) set up6) set about7) set off8) set up9) set up 10) set apartII. Words with Multiple Meanings1.According to the manager, what he wants is a simple yet effective sales plan.ually he was a serious man, yet this joke reduced him to hearty laughter / set him laughing heartily.3.The governor has put forward a series of policies to cut the state budget, but the effects of the new measures have yet to be seen.4.He is not yet 20, but his technical control, confidence, brilliance and intellectual depth display an outstanding maturity.5.John wouldn't let me see his essay, because he hasn't finished it yet.6.Maybe the reason scientists have yet to receive signals from extraterrestrial intelligence is that there isn't any extraterrestrial intelligence sending signals.7.She knew the sensible thing to do was to leave the place as soon as possible, yet she wanted to stay.8.Her selective yet comprehensive exhibition draws mainly from public collections, among them many of the United States' most distinguished libraries. Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. 1) personalities2) embody3) underlying4) collision5) leadership6) ownership7) ideals8) champion9) the hard way10) prospered2. 1) indication2) sensitive3) career 4) resign5) supply6) disciplined7) promoted 8) criticized9) surrender 10) respectedII. TranslationRobert Lee’s father’s life had been plagued by poor financial investments. He was jailed twice for unpaid debts and in the end was forced to flee the country. Lee’s mother was the dominant force in shaping Lee’s personality. Against the poignant failure of her husband, she was determined that the tragedy should not be repeated in the life of her children. Self-control, a sense of obligation and an indomitable spirit were the virtues she taught Lee. In 1825, with an aspiration to win back the family honor, Lee began studying at West Point Military Academy. This began a new chapter of his life. Over the four years, he consistently finished near the top of every course.UNIT7VocabularyI. 1.1) anonymous2) piling up3) advent4) sober up5) articulate6) dwindle7) not least of all8) vague9) busted10) rotting2. 1) Its theme was that philosophy has very close links with mathematics andartificial intelligence.2) He is illiterate; worse still, he has a criminal record and lives in a world oflies and deceit.3) They carried out first aid to save the patient from bleeding to death.4) They suggested that I go for broke, and be undeterred in pursuit of mydream.5) He thinks it highly unlikely that such good luck will come his way again.3.1) The advent of spring —symbol of renewal — has been a constant theme inEdward's writings.2) Why those nasty things were being said of her was just beyond hercomprehension, and as for myself I have never heard anything so offensive in all my life.3) Malcolm Padina, managing director of Informix Software Inc, has called for anew initiative to purge the market of software pirates / software pirates from the market.4) New evidence implicated Melancia in a financial scandal in February 2021.5) Pains were tearing at my chest as I was running a two-mile race. I felt myknees sinking lower and lower as if I were running across quicksand.4.1)Operating a vehicle while intoxicated is a serious offence in itself, but few cases hit the headlines unless they involve serious injury.2)Ten years ago, when Bruce R., a 57-year-old insurance broker from Southern California, was on the verge of suicide after having gambled away the trust of his family and a small remnant of business partners, little help was available. He was, at one point, advised by two doctors that he just needed to get his gambling "under control"—which is like telling a drug addict to take drugs more moderately.3) The company was facing great financial problems due to the devastating effects of nationwide economic depression. Naturally the CEO’s sudden resignation at such a difficult time led to great resentment from the board of directors. The only hope they had was that the banks would keep the firm from bankruptcy by accepting a reorganization plan.5. 1)fall under2)fall behind3)had fallen apart4)fall back on5)fall to6)had left off7)leave out8)Leaving aside9)be left alone10)left behindII. Usage1. a. figurative b. literal2. a. literal b. figurative3. a. figurative b. literal4. a. literal b. figurative5. a. figurative b. literal6. a. literal b. figurativeComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. 1)legalize2) philosophy3) sober4) addicts5) spouses6) deceit7) dwindle8) pile up9)lured10)criminal11) revenue12)hit the headlines2. 1) indicate 2) compulsive3) addictions 4) financial5) combination6) blueprint7) retirees 8) explosion9) identified10) triggerII. TranslationGamblers’ family members always pay a steep price. They not only have to endure the pain of having their wealth wiped away overnight, but they are also frequently overwhelmed with feelings of depression and hopelessness.A nationwide survey found that over 2 million adults identified a spouse's gambling as a significant factor in a prior divorce. The number of divorces in a county in Mississippi has nearly tripled since the advent of casinos. The county has also witnessed increases in domestic violence since then.A considerable body of evidence showed that the expansion of legally sanctioned gambling destroys individuals, ruins families, increases crime, and ultimately costs society far more than the revenues government collects.Unit 8VocabularyI.1. 1) fragment 2) terrific3) scratched out 4) strode5) presumably 6) token7) tame 8) engagement9) cursed 10) see through2.1) She blushed and lowered her head.2) She keeps the dishes warm in the oven and waits up no matter how late it is.3) Well, I heard fragments of their conversation in the office and it seems they’ve been contemplating a trip like that for some time.4) She intends to make teaching her profession.5) He plucked up enough courage to ask Ruth to marry him but she rejected his proposal.3.1) It fell to our lot/us to filter through the enemy defense lines and nobody knew if wewould get back from the mission.2) The latest news has confirmed the initial report that seven people have died in thestorm.3) There is a rare form of lung cancer distinguishable from the usual type only underthe microscope.4) For the sake of your health, it is important not to let yourself get overweight.5) Miss Perkins was held in deep affection by all the children/had won all thechildren’s deep affection.4.1) prominent genius for Whoever2) had a passion for at random no doubt fill in make an effort to3) in particular are trustworthy applause airing their own views5.1) take up2) takes to3) take over4) take on5) took off6) taking down7) took back8) was taken on9) take after10) took…inII Usage1) as though it had come out of somebody’s attic2) as if I had come from another planet3) as if everyone is watching me, and noticing my blushes4)as though nature were holding its breath5) as though their dream had come true at last6) as though her attention had drifted elsewhere7) as though it were a lifeline8) as though they would succeedComprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1. Text-related(1) pluck up courage(2) in mourning(3) unexpected(4) distress(5) paradise(6) token(7) intrude(8) no doubt(9) foreseen(10) fell to2. Theme-related(1) behaviors(2) eliminate(3) distance(4) positive(5) participating(6) genuinely(7) keen(8) concern(9) attentive(10) respectII. TranslationHenry, a frail-looking man of fifty, was older than his robust wife Mary by 20 years. Everyone assumed that she would outlive him. So no one, including Henry himself, had foreseen that Mary would die a sudden, unexpected death. For several weeks, he looked greatly distressed and became a completely changed person. He even speculated whether it would be better for him to rejoin his wife in paradise. Though each of us expressed our deep sympathy, no one thought it appropriate to intrude upon his family uninvited, in consideration of their need for peace and privacy at such a moment.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语教学法教程第二版unit8课后答案 1、 _______! Jack,the floor is wet. [单选题] * A. Be careful(正确答案) B. Be careful to C. Be careful for D. Be careful with
2、English is very important in our daily life. Never _______. [单选题] * A. give up it B. give it up(正确答案) C. give away it D. give it away
3、I _______ seeing you soon. [单选题] * A. look after B. look for C. look at D. look forward to(正确答案) 4、Last year Polly _______ an English club and has improved her English a lot. [单选题] * A. left B. saw C. joined(正确答案) D. heard
5、36．The students will go to the Summer Palace if it __________ tomorrow. [单选题] * A．won’t rain B．isn’t raining C．doesn’t rain (正确答案) D．isn’t rain
6、 Mom, I need you ______ me a pencil box.（） [单选题] * A. buy B. buying C. to buy(正确答案) D. to buying
7、（）it is to have a cold drink on a hot day! [单选题] * A. What a great fun B. How great fun C. What great fun(正确答案) D. How a great fun
8、Don’t forget _______ those books when you are free. [单选题] * A. to read(正确答案) B. reading C. read D. to reading
9、My daughter is neither slim nor fat and she’d like a _______ skirt. [单选题] * A. large B. medium(正确答案) C. small D. mini
10、Mum is ill. I have to _______ her at home. [单选题] * A. look after(正确答案) B. look for C. look out D. look forward to 11、_____ whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision. [单选题] * A. What is not yet known B. It is not yet known(正确答案) C. As is not yet known D. This is not yet known
12、 _____ the plan carefully,he rejected it. [单选题] * A. To have considered B.To consider C. Having considered(正确答案) D. Considering
13、 A lot of students in our school were born _______ March, 1 [单选题] * A. in(正确答案) B. at C. on D. since
14、 Bill Gates is often thought to be the richest man in the world. _____, his personal life seems not luxury. [单选题] * A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However(正确答案) D. Besides
15、My brother is _______ actor. He works very hard. [单选题] * A. a B. an(正确答案) C. the D. one
16、 Jim, it’s dark now. Please _______ the light in the room. [单选题] * A. turn on(正确答案) B. turn up C. turn off D. turn down
17、74．In England people drive________. [单选题] * A．on the left(正确答案) B．in the left C．on left D．in left
18、Don’t talk _______. Your grandmother is sleeping now. [单选题] * A. happily B. nearly C. loudly(正确答案) D. hardly
19、 The people’s Republic of China _______ on October 1, 1 [单选题] * A. found B. was founded(正确答案) C. is founded D. was found
20、Something must be wrong with the girl’s _______. She can’t hear clearly. [单选题] * A. ears(正确答案) B. nose C. arms D. eyes 21、He made ______ for an old person on the bus. [单选题] * A. room(正确答案) B. rooms C. a room D. some rooms
22、The managing director took the（）for the accident, although it was not his fault. [单选题] * A. Guilt B. charge(正确答案) C. blame D. accusation
23、Some students are able to find jobs after graduation while _____will return to school for an advanced degree. [单选题] *
A. other B. another C. others(正确答案) D. the other
24、 It’s windy outside. _______ your jacket, Bob. [单选题] * A. Try on B. Put on(正确答案) C. Take off D. Wear
25、It is reported that the fire caused serious（）to that school building. [单选题] * A. damage(正确答案) B. destroy C. harm D.hurt
26、Ships can carry more goods than _____ means of transport. [单选题] * A. the other B. another C. any other(正确答案) D. any
27、 --Do you have a _______?--Yes, I _______ at a clothes store. [单选题] * A. work; work B. work; job C. job; job D. job; work(正确答案)
28、I’d?like _______ the English club. [单选题] * A. to join in B. join C. to join(正确答案) D. join in
29、This kind of work _______ skills and speed. [单选题] * A. looks for B. waits for C. calls for(正确答案) D. cares for
30、John had planned to leave but he decided to stay in the hotel for _____ two days because of the heavy rain. [单选题] *
A. other B. another(正确答案) C. the other D. others