美国宗教英文介绍课件
美国文化和宗教
American Character of Religion • Americans with different religions live together under the same law. It insists that there is no state religion and that church and state must be separated. • American religious beliefs continue to be strong with social progress. • In the United States, every church is a completely independent organization and concerned with its own finance and its own building. There has been little concentration on religious argument. • In the U.S, people go to church mainly for the following reasons: (1) for having a place in community (2) for identifying themselves with dominant(显性的） values (3) for getting together with friends.
Religious Liberty
• White Anglo-Saxon Protestant is believed to be the basis of the mainstream culture of the United States. • The Great Awakening of the 1740s, a“revival ” movement which sought to breathe new feeling and strength into religion, cut across （打断）the lines of Protestant religious groups. • When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise, American courts must settle them. But American institutions presuppose（ 假定） a Supreme being（至高无上的存在） , therefore Christianity is often in practice, more favored than other religions.
American Religion美国宗教
课外空间文化长廊山东省梁山县杨营中学于孔春供稿Diversity1is the main feature of religion in the United States.Although Christianity has al-ways been the major American faith,the existence of more than250different religious sects2here has made Americans tolerant3of all forms of worship—Christian and non-Christian.美国宗教的主要特点就是多样化。
虽然基督教一直是美国人的主要信仰，但还存有250—不论它是基督教或是非基督教。
多种其他宗教派别，这使美国人包容各种各样的信仰——Maybe this tolerant attitude to different religions can be traced back to the early settlers ofthis country.Among the first immigrants4,quite a number of them were Puritans,whose purposeof coming to this New World was to pursue religious freedom,to practice their religion and wor-ship God as they wished.This is why the nation’s forefathers demanded legal guarantees of reli-gious freedom.So the First Amendment to the Constitution not only forbids the establishment of. All Rights Reserved.an offical national religion but also forbids state or federal interference5with religious institu-tions or practices.这种对宗教的宽容态度也许能够追溯到早期殖民地时期。
美国-宗教
Judaism犹太教
Judaism is the third largest religion in the United States. The first Jews are from Eastern Europe and Russia immigrant. There are different sects of Judaism. Some factions still retains many traditional customs. As every Sabbath（安息日）, from Friday to Saturday, they don't run enterprises. Some schools also prohibits Muslims eat pork and some seafood, and asks them to limit their intake.
Christian 基督教
Christian (Protestant) in the United States has more than 300 years history. I Christianity has penetrated every field of the society.
Catholic天主教
The Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle 圣马修大教堂
Advocate(主张) for the public services, is the seat of the Archbishop of Washington, is recognized as one of the most beautiful churches in the United states.
4. 美国的宗教历史-清教徒
Puritans and Harvard清教徒和哈佛Puritans played a very important role in Harvard history as well as in American history.清教徒不仅在美国历史中扮演过重要角色，同样在哈佛大学的历史中也起到了重要作用。
In the 16th and 17th century, a series of religious reforms took place in England Finally, the Church of England was established as the Established Church. People did not have religious freedom. Those people who did not agree with the Church of England were regarded as Separatists and were persecuted. To escape religious persecution, many people fled from England to other countries. Many Puritans chose to go to the New World.在16和17世纪的英国发生了一系列宗教改革，最终圣公会被定为英国国教。
人们没有宗教自由。
那些不同意英国国教观点的人被视为宗教分裂者，并遭到迫害。
为了逃脱宗教迫害，许多人逃离英国，前往其他国家。
很多清教徒选择移民到新大陆。
In 1620, a ship named Mayflower left England. It transported the English Separatists, better known as Pilgrims, from Plymouth, England to Plymouth, Massachusetts, the United States. There were 102 passengers, more than one third of whom were Puritans. During the following decade, the number of Puritans grew. Then in 1628 these Puritans established the Massachusetts Bay Colony.1620年，一艘名为“五月花号”的船离开了英国，它载着英国宗教分离派——更熟悉的称号是“清教徒前辈移民”，离开了英国的普利茅斯前往美国马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯。
Unit 6 Religion in the United States
White Anglo-Saxon Protestant 盎格鲁撒克逊裔的白人新教徒
YOUR SITE HERE
Religious Liberty
By the middle of the 18th century, many different kinds LOGO of Protestants lived in America.
LOGO
The government supports all religions. Religious groups do not pay taxes in the United States.
But government does not pay ministers' salaries or require any belief not even a belief in God -- as a condition of holding public office. Oaths are administered, but those who, like Quakers, object to them, can make a solemn affirmation, or declaration, instead. The truth is that for some purposes government ignores religion and for other purposes it treats all religions alike at least as far as is practical. When disputes about the relationship between government and religion arise, American courts must settle them.
美国宗教英文版
Religious beliefs in the US
作为一个多元文化的移民国家,与人的数百种不同的 种族背景,美国现在已经成为世界上宗教最多元的国 家之一。更重要的是,人口普查数据显示,大多数美国 人承认宗教在他们的生活中扮演非常重要的角色,这 一比例是发达国家中非常罕见
As a multicultural country of immigrants, with people of hundreds of different ethnic backgrounds, the United States has now become one of the most religiously diverse nations on the globe. What’s more, according to census data, the majority of Americans admit that religion plays an extremely important role in their lives, a proportion that is very rare these days among developed nations.
Nearly 80% of Americans belong to a variety of denominations of Christianity
About 7% of American are Muslim Judaism develop in the Jew. Numbers of Asian American are Buddhists.
美国宗教
history
一.Early Colonial era
Spanish missions （西班牙教会 ）
French territories British colonies （英国殖民地):New
England 、Virginia 、Tolerance in Rhode Island (罗 德岛州）and Pennsylvania（宾夕法尼亚州） 、 Maryland（马里兰） 、Anti-Catholicism
origin
Major denominational families
history:
1.Early Colonial era
2.18th century
origins
基督教发源于公元1世纪巴勒斯坦地区犹太人社会，并继承了犹太教耶 和华上帝和救主弥塞亚（根据希腊文翻译为“基督”）等概念，以及希 伯莱圣经为基督教圣经旧约全书。 按照基督教经典的说法，基督教的 创始人是耶稣，他30岁左右（公元一世纪30年代）开始在巴勒斯坦地区 传教。 耶稣声称，他的来临不是要取代犹太人过去记载在旧约圣经的 律法，而是要成全它。耶稣思想的中心，在于“尽心尽意爱上帝”及 “爱人如己”两点。 耶稣出来传道，宣讲天国的福音，极大的回应。这使得罗 马帝政下的犹太教祭司团大受影响，深深感到自己地位不保，所以要把 他除之而后快。后来由于门徒犹大告密，罗马帝国驻犹太的总督彼拉多 将耶稣逮捕。耶稣受尽打骂侮辱，最后被钉在十字架上而死。但耶稣的 心意却是为了要赎世人的罪，甘愿地流出自己的血。 依据他门徒们的 见证，耶稣死后第三天从石窟坟墓中复活了。他的坟墓空了，他又多次 向满心疑惑的门徒们显现。他们渐渐确信耶稣真的复活了，是胜过死亡 的救主。在耶稣升天超离这世界的时空后，他的门徒们起来热心宣扬耶 稣的教训，并且宣告他是复活得胜死亡的主。信徒们组成彼此相爱、奉 基督之名敬拜上帝的团体，就是基督教会。 耶稣复活的这一天成为后 世的复活节（每年春分以后、又逢月圆的第一个星期日）。教会又定了 12月25日为耶稣的生日而则成了圣诞节。
【VIP专享】the America religious culture(美国宗教文化)
American Religious Culture美国是一个宗教色彩浓厚的发达国家,其宗教多元化与移民问题有密切关系,宗教信仰已成为美国文化和历史不可分割的组成部分,这种多元宗教文化的传统对美国的社会生活产生了深刻影响。
USA is a developed country with rich religious colors and its multi-religious features are closely connected with its immigrants. Religious beliefs are an inseparable part of American culture and history. This deep-rooted multi-religious culture has exerted great influenceon American lives.一、美国的宗教文化背America's religious and cultural background美国向以“民族熔炉”和“宗教联合国”著称。
America is famous as an "Ethnic melting pot" and "religious United Nations".美国人大部分是17和18世纪欧洲移民的后裔,另外,还从拉丁美洲、亚洲、澳洲、非洲甚至加拿大涌入了大量移民。
移民们持续稳定地涌入美国,带来了他们本国的文化和传统,从而使美国社会变得丰富多彩,也对美国多元文化的形成产生了深远的影响。
Americans are mostly descendants of European immigrants of17 and 18th Century. In addition to there are also a large number ofimmigrants from Latin America, Asia, Australia, Africa and Canada. Thesteady influx of immigrants brought their own culture and traditions toAmerica. They make the American society rich and colorful and even impactfar-reaching influence on the formation of America’s multicultural.多元文化的沃土滋养出了多元宗教文化。
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• Jesus is God’s Son. • Jesus came to Earth as a baby, lived a
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
基督教
• 圣母恸子
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Overview
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Taoism is a native Chinese religion with large population of followers throughout the entire
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
伊斯兰教金顶寺
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
道教
• 道教创立于中国。自唐代起逐步传入朝鲜、 日本、越南和东南亚一带，后又传入欧洲、 北美、澳大利亚等国家。除华裔教徒外，本 土居民也有信奉道教者。
history. Its rich content has produced far-reaching effects in
both ancient China and many Asian countries. The large
volumes of classics are important part of cultural heritage of China.
Religion in America
• Many people in America are “deists”. They believe that there is a God, but they don’t think He is involved in our lives to a great extent. They don’t seek God or follow Biblical teachings.
• Religion in America is very diverse
• Christian
• Protestant • Catholic
51.3 % 23.9 %
• Other Christian
3.3 %
• Jewish
1.7 %
• Buddhist
0.7 %
• Muslim
0.6 %
• Hindu
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Islam
• Islam is a major world religion founded in Arabia. Based on the teachings of a man named Muhammad （穆罕默德）, one who practices Islam is called a Muslim(穆斯林）.
Religion in the United States
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
• Many others in America are “practicing Christians”. They seek to follow God’s will in their lives and often meet together with other Christians at church meetings. 42% of Americans “go to church” at least once a week.
天主教
• 美国教会天主教卡温顿 教区大主教罗杰.弗伊斯
Judaism
- many Jewish people came to the US from Germany and more after from Europe - anti-Semitism - many ethnically Jewish but not religious Catholics believe in Trinity (三位一体）, the doctrine that there are three persons in one God –the Father , the son and the Holy Spirit （圣灵）.
• Islam teaches that, because of humanity's moral weakness, God sent prophets to teach both individuals and nations correct moral and spiritual behaviors
States. Some of the top universities were founded by Catholics, as well.
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Catholics
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Judaism
• 麦当娜狂热崇拜犹太教
一是的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Buddhism began in northeastern India and is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama(悉达多·乔答摩). Buddhism teaches its followers that in this life they are only temporary vessels of body, emotions, thoughts, tendencies, and knowledge. Buddhists believe that there is no sense of self or soul when in this world.
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
犹太教
• 犹太教最重要的崇拜 物——耶路撒冷的哭墙
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
perfect life, and died on a cross as a sacrifice for our sins. • Jesus will come back again as a king. He will take his followers to live with Him in heaven.
0.4 %
• Other
2.0 %
• Unaffiliated
16.1 %
Source: Pew Forum study in 2007
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Christian Beliefs
Catholics
• More than ¼ of all Americans are Catholic. • Many came from Ireland, Italy and Poland. Catholic faith is
often passed down from one generation to the next. • John F. Kennedy, a very well liked President, was Catholic. • There are many Catholic schools and hospitals in the United
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利
Buddhism
• 越来越多的美国人通过 佛教寻找心灵的宁静与 安详
一是作为领导干部一定要树立正确的 权力观 和科学 的发展 观，权 力必须 为职工 群众谋 利益， 绝不能 为个人 或少数 人谋取 私利