2012广州一模试题及答案(英语)

2012年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）英语（2012.3）I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The more accessible a company's services are, the more business it will do. Why are the same ___1___ not applied when it comes to Internet websites then? A Hong Kong study has found that the local sites of two leading ___2___, McDonald's and Motorola, are the most user-unfriendly of the 30 websites tested. The lack of ___3___ means they are not only losing customers, but ___4___ to meet their social responsibilities.In an ever-more Internet-connected world, ___5___ are as important as physical shops or offices. They are ___6___ used as a way of banking, shopping and getting news. This is especially so for the disabled, who find it ___7___ to shop on-line than go to a store in person. A website that does not let them do this is the same as having a(n) "___8___" sign on a door.In Hong Kong, it is ___9___ not to provide the disabled with access to schools and buildings, but at present there are no specific laws on Internet accessibility. However, companies are morally responsible for ensuring that their websites can be___10___ by people who are visually disabled or have difficulty walking around. Ideals for design have long been put forward by the World Wide Web Consortium, a global community working on open standards to ___11___ accessibility and development.Computer technology is ___12___ fast and it is now much easier to create websites that are ___13___ for all people, sighted or disabled. Companies should ensure that the designers of their websites ___14___ guidelines for accessibility. We should try to make our city as ___15___ as possible, on-line and off.1. A. data B. principles C. experiences D. technologies2. A. companies B. products C. stores D. factories3. A. power B. study C. attraction D. access4. A. deciding B. attempting C. failing D. stopping5. A. computers B. hotlines C. signals D. websites6. A. increasingly B. possibly C. extremely D. randomly7. A. cheaper B. safer C. easier D. quicker8. A. waiting B. sale C. open D. closed9. A. unreasonable B. illegal C. unimportant D. impolite10. A. found B. read C. known D. created11. A. permit. B. discover C. start D. ensure12. A. weakening B. dropping C. changing D. flying13. A. wonderful B. usable C. harmless D. profitable14. A. follow B. write C. break D. ignore15. A. beautiful B. wealthy C. accessible D. respectable第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16~25的相应位置上。

A farmer once organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit. He dug a hole in one of his biggest fields, and hid a carrot and a bone in it. He wanted to see ___16which___ animal would find them first.The ___17_cheerful__ (cheer) and optimistic rabbit threw himself into looking for the carrot, ___18_digging__ (dig) here and there, totally convinced that he would find it. But the dog, after sniffing around for a bit, ___19_lay__ (lie) down and began to complain about how difficult it was to find one bone in such a big field.The rabbit dug ___20 for__ hours, and with every new hole the dog complained even more about how difficult this was, even for the rabbit. ___21_But__ the rabbit thought that each hole dug was one hole less that needed digging. When there was no place in the whole field ___22_left__ (leave) to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel right to ___23_where__ the dog had been lying all the time. There he found the carrot and the bone.This is how the dog lost the game. He had come to ___24_the__ right place at the very beginning but failed to find the bone ___25_because__ he only complained and didn't try at all.II 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ABeatrix Potter was a great English writer and artist, best known for her children's books featuring animal characters such as in the children's classic -- The Tale of Peter Rabbit.Beatrix was born into a rich London-based family where she was tutored by very strict private teachers and so spent her youth isolated from other youngsters.During her youth she had a lot of pets and spent vacations in Scotland and also the Lake District. It was at the Lake District that she developed a love of wildlife. She studied the area's natural wonders carefully and painted them continuously. But her old-fashioned, Manchester-born parents discouraged her intellectual improvement, thinking it inappropriate for a young lady. However, her study and watercolour paintings of wild mushrooms made her widely respected within the field of biology.In her 30's, Beatrix Potter wrote the remarkably successful kid's book, The Tale of Pew Rabbit. Close to that time she became secretly engaged to her publisher Norman Warne. This caused a great disagreement with her parents, who did not approve of Beatrix getting married to somebody of lower social status. Sadly, Warne died before the marriage ceremony.Ultimately Beatrix Potter began writing and also illustrating (绘图) kid's books full-time. Using profits from her books, Beatrix grew to become economically independent of her parents and was eventually in a position to buy Hill Top Farm in the Lake District. She extended the property with additional purchases of neighbouring land over time. In her 40's, Bestrix marriedWilliam Heelis, a local lawyer. She ended up becoming a sheep breeder and farmer while continuing to publish as well as illustrate books for children. In all she authored 23 publications.Beatrix died on December 22, 1943, and left the majority of her property to the National Trust. Her books carry on selling well globally, in many different languages. Her stories have been retold in numerous formats including a ballet, movies, and cartoons.Such is her reputation, and that of the characters from her publications, that many Beatrix Potter statues have been created. These tiny Beatrix Potter statues which include pretty much all the actual characters in her publications have become highly valued by art collects and fans of her literature throughout the world.26. What can we learn about Beatrix Potter's early life?A. She learned drawing skills from her tutors.B. She was very sociable and outgoing.C. She was greatly inspired by the beauty of nature.D. She was encouraged to think creatively and independently.27. Why did Beatrix Potter's parents oppose the idea of her marriage to Norman Warne?A. They did not believe she was mature enough to get married.B. They thought Warne was only interested in Beatrix Potter's wealth.C. They believed that the couple's characters were mismatched.D. They considered Warne to be too common for their daughter.28. According to the passage, which part of the UK did Beatrix Potter love most?A. Manchester.B. Scotland.C. The Lake District.D. London.29. In which of the following areas did Beatrix Potter show an interest during her life?A. Writing, biology, farming.B. Drawing, nature, ballet.C. Movies, farming, drawing.D. Writing, mushrooms, travel.30. What is the function of the last two paragraphs of the passage?A. To describe the consequences of Beatrix Potter's death.B. To present the lasting cultural influence of Beatrix Potter and her works..C. To show the changes in attitude towards Beatrix Potter's works over the past years.D. To criticize the commercialization of Beatrix Potter's characters since her death.BWhen movie star Scarlett Johansson was photographed naming in Los Angeles recently, she attracted a lot of attention; for the 27-year-old actress was wearing Vibram FiveFingers, so called because they look more like gloves than shoes, with a space for each toe.Strange though they may look, these so-called barefoot shoes, which reproduce the effect of barefoot running but with less pain, are just one brand in a range of minimalist footwear. These super-thin sports shoes are causing a stir in the world of running and fitness. Why? Because some experts believe they could make you a better, more efficient runner and that traditional trainers could be doing you more harm than good."Wearing a shoe that has lots of cushioning and support affects the way your body naturally moves and studies suggest that this carries a higher risk of injury," explains Matt Wallden, an athlete performance expert. "But with barefoot shoes, the foot can actually feel the firmness and shape of the ground, which allows your body to respond effectively.'"But before you rush out to invest in minimalist footwear, be careful. These kinds of shoes are not meant for everyone, or at least not straight away."Ordinary sports shoes with support are good for beginners whose bodies are not used to the impact of running," explains Patrick Davoren, former Olympic athlete. "It you are not in great condition, then running in minimalist footwear may cause injuries and will turn a lot of people off exercise and running.If you are currently injured, and figures show that in any given year 65% of all runners are, it can be tempting to tryanything that promises to get you back on the road, trail, or beach. But barefoot running is not a method of treating injury nor is it a magical way of suddenly turning you into a great athlete.Even if you're used to running, when you start using minimalist shoes you should build up your distance gradually. Start_off'by doing just 10% of what you'd normally run and increase the distance by no more than 10% every week. And a word of warning - you may never have soft feet again31. The Vibram FiveFingers are shoes ______.A. specifically designed for womenB. that have lots of cushion insideC. safest for people who enjoy sportsD. that are much thinner than normal sports shoes32. The underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to ________.A. expertsB. feetC. shoesD. runners33. According to Matt Wallden, the new shoes ________.A. make feet more sensitive to the running surfaceB. will produce immediate improvementsC. force your body to move less naturallyD. increase the chances of getting hurt34. The author suggests that new users of Vibram FiveFingers should ________.A. run in the shoes every day at top speedB. begin with a shorter running distance than normalC. occasionally run barefooted to harden their feetD. make sure they are already very fit before using them35. Where would you probably read this article?A. A travel book.B. A movie website.C. A sports magazine.D. A science journal.CThe dirty, homeless man sat on the pavement, staring at the atones. He thought back more than twenty years to when he was a boy living in a small red brick house on this very street. He recalled the flower garden, the swing his dad made, and the bike he had saved up for months to buy.The man shrugged impatiently, for the brightness of those pictures hurt him, and his memory travelled on another ten years. He had a job by then, plenty of friends and started to come home less. He did not really want to remember those years, nor the day when, because o' debts, he had gone home planning to ask for money. He felt embarrassed, but he knew exactly where his dad kept the money. When his parents stepped out of the room, he took what he wanted and left.That was the last time he had seen them. Ashamed, he went abroad, and his parents knew nothing about the years of wandering or time in prison. But locked in his cell he often thought of home. Once free, he would love to see his parents again, if they were still alive, and still wanted to see him.When his prison time was up, he found -a job, but couldn't settle. Something was drawing him home. He did not want to arrive penniless, so he hitchhiked most of the long journey back. But less than a mile from his destination he started to feel sick with doubt. Could they ever accept this man who had so bitterly disappointed them?He spent most of that day sitting under a tree. That evening he posted a letter which, although short, had taken him hours to write. It ended with:I know it is unreasonable of me to suppose you want to see me ... so it's up to you. I'll come early Thursday morning. If you want me home, hang a white handkerchief in the window of my old bedroom. If it's there, I'll come in; if not, I'll wave good-bye and go.And now it was Thursday morning and he was sitting on the pavement at the end of the street. Finally he got up and walked slowly toward the old house. He drew a long breath and looked.His parents were taking no risks. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________The man threw his head back, gave a cry of relief and ran straight through the open front door.36. Why did the man shrug impatiently (paragraph 2) while he was thinking of his childhood?A. The thoughts made him angry.B. He felt he had wasted time.C. He was anxious to go home.D. The sweet memory caused him much pain.38. In what order did the following events take place?a. He took the money from his parents.b. He bought a bicycle with his savings.c. He was sentenced to prison.d. He wrote the letter home.e. He sat on the pavement.f. He hitchhiked back home.A. b, a, c, d, e, fB. b, a, c, f, d, eC. a, c, b, d, f, aD. a, d, b, c, e, f39. Which of the following best fits into paragraph 8 ?A. Every inch of the house was covered in white. Sheets, pillowcases and table clothes hadbeen placed on every window and door, making it look like a snow house.B. The house before him was just as he remembered: the red bricks, the brown door andnothing else.C. A colourful blanket was over the front door. On it, in large letters, was written, "Welcomehome, sonD. A police car was parked in the drive way, and two officers stood at the front door.40. The best title of the passage is _______.A. Sweet MemoryB. White HandkerchiefC. Abandoned SonD. Leaving HomeDMany psychologists in the early twentieth century believed that humans use only 10 percent of their brains, and even the great Albert Einstein once wrote that most people use only a small portion of the grey matter between their ears. It's a theory that has often been put forward in television documentaries; magazines, advertisements and books over the past century.But nearly all scientists now agree the 10 percent theory is completely unfounded. In fact, they question how this figure was ever arrived at in the first place and what areas of the brain are supposed to be unneeded. The theory supposes that if 90 percent of the brain were removed, a person would Still be able to function normally, while in reality it is known that damage to even a small area of the brain can result in extremely serious physical injury different activities and that many areas of the brain are used at the same time for some complex activities or thought processes.Throughout the course of one day, most .areas of the brain are active at some time, even during sleep. The 10 percent theory suggests that certain areas o' the brain are not used, but scans slow activities throughout the entire brain and not in any separate part. The final argument against the 10 percent theory is the fact that doctors carefully map the brain before removing brain cancers so that they don't affect other essential areas.From an evolutionary point of view, it's highly unlikely butt our comparatively larger brains would have evolved from our ancestors if the extra areas were not needed. In fact, there is absolutely no evidence support the 1p percent theory.41. How did the 10 percent theory get such widespread popularity?A. It was promoted in various types of copular media.B. Albert Einstein argued strongly in support.C. It was proven in scientific research.D. Few people could prove it wrong.42. The underlined word "unfounded" is chest in meaning to _________.A. undiscoveredB. unprovenC. unknownD. unnecessary43. Which of the following is true according to the writer?A. We use less than 10% of our brains.B. Most brain disorders affect the same part of the brain.C. The brain is less active during times of sleep.D. The 10 percent theory does not make evolutionary sense.44. What can we infer from the passage?A. People today use more of their brain than in the past.B. Scientific opinion about the topic of brain use is equally divided.C. Our understanding of the brain has changed greatly in the past decades.D. Modern scientists have a complete picture of how the brain works.45. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To present two sides of brain theory.B. To criticize the 10 percent theory.C. To explain how brain works.D. To describe the history of brain research.第二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。