Lesson_one_英语人称代词和物主代词

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英语人称代词和物主代词讲义(for teacher)

人称代词的用法

1.一般情况下,人称代词的主格作主语,放在句子的开头。作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。

I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。(I是主语)

2.宾格作宾语,通常放在动词或介词的后面,表示动作行为的对象,

如:动词let, like, help, give, ask 介词for, to, of, at

Can you help me?你能帮我吗?(me是宾语) Give it to me(it me 都是宾语)

注意点

1.人称代词I无论放在句首、句中或句尾,都要大写。

2.人称代词she除了指女性“她”之外,还可以指祖国、月亮等拟人的东西。

如:I love my country. She is great.

3.be 动词在人称代词后的使用:用be动词的适当形式填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

9. Whose dress ______ this? 10. Whose socks ______ they?

11. That ______ my red skirt. 12. Who ______ I? 13. ______ David and Helen from England?

14. You, he and I ______ from China.

人称的习惯顺序:

如果有几个不同的人称同时作主语,且用and,or连接时,习惯顺序是:

单数:you,he,and I 复数:we,you,and they

但是,如果是做错事,承担责任时,有时,说话的人把I放在第一位。

Who broke the window?谁打碎了玻璃?I and Li Ming.我和李明.

四、It的特殊用法

1.一般情况下,it表示人以外的动物和东西,婴儿和未确定身份的人,是单数名词的代词,译为“它”。

Where’s my book? Have you seen it?我的书在哪里?你看见了没有?

The baby cried because it is hungry.婴儿哭了,因为他/她饿了。

(Someone is ringing.)Who’s it? It’s me.(有人在按门铃。)谁呀?是我。

2.但在表示天气、时间、距离等时,用it来代替,此时的it,并不译为“它”。

1)指天气:It is sunny today. 今天阳光灿烂。 2)指气候:It's cold in this room. 这个房间很冷。

3)指时间:What time is it?It's six thirty. 几点了?六点半了。

4)指距离:How far is it from here to the park?从这儿到公园有多远?It's about two miles. 大约二英里。

3.it用作形式主语或形式宾语

It’s very important for us to learn English well.(实际主语是to learn English well)

对我们来说,学好英语很重要。

I found it hard to fly a kite. (实际主语是to fly a kite)

我发现放风筝很难。

物主代词也有人称和数的变化。

通过观察上表,我们发现,除了my的名词性物主代词是mine, his和its的名词性和形容词性相同外,其他的名词性物主代词都是在对应的形容词性物主代词后面加“s”变成的。形容词性物主代词用来修饰名词,表示是属于谁的东西。名词性物主代词等于对应的形容词性物主代词加一个名词。如:

This is her book. = This book is hers. Are these your pens? = Are these pens yours?

用物主代词填空:

1. I own(拥有)that cat; that cat is ____ .

2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .

3. He owns that cat; that cat is ____ .

4. She owns that cat; that cat is ____ .

5. They own that cat; that cat is ____

This is (我) book. That is (你). These pens are (他们). (你们) are over there.

三、课堂练习

(1)按要求写出下列代词的形式

1、I(宾格)________

2、he(形容词性物主代词)________

3、us(主格)________

4、they(宾格)________

5、she(宾格)________

6、you(名词性物主代词)________

7、it(宾格)________

8、him(复数)________

9、her(形容词性物主代词)________

10、my(复数)________

11、they(名词性物主代词)________

12、we(单数)_______

(2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。

1. This is(my / I)mother.

2. Nice to meet (your / you).

3.(He / His)name is Mark.

4. What’s(she / her)name?

5. Excuse(me / my / I).

6. Are(your / you)Miss Li?

7.(I/ My)am Ben.

8.(She / Her)is my sister.

9. Fine , thank(your / you).

10. How old is (he / his)

(3)根据给出的汉语,用恰当的形式填空。

1. (她) is a student. (她) sister is a student too.

2. (我) want (你) to do it today.

3. Can (你) read it for (我们).

4. (你们) are from England. (我们) are from China.

5. All of (我们) love (他们)

(4)用所给代词的正确形式填空。

1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.

2. That is _______( she ) sister.

3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.

4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.

5. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher.

6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.

7. Do you know______ ( it ) name?

8. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.9. Thanks for helping ________( I ).

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