Structured chiral adsorbent formed by cyclodextrin modified layered solid film
柠檬酸修饰高粱秸杆吸附水中结晶紫的研究
法 ，吸附 法 ］ ］ 以及 生 物处 理 法 ｌ 等． 中， ＿ ９ 。 其 用 吸 附 的方 法 处 理 污 水 ， 作 方 便 ， 备 简 单 ， 理 操 设 处 时 间短且 成本 低廉 ． 其 他技 术 相互 补 充 ， 与 已应 用 到 实际 的污 水 治 理 工 程 之 中． 印染 废 水 中染 料 种 类 繁多 ， 用 的吸 附剂 各 有差 异 ， 附 剂 的 比较 选 适 吸
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层状双金属氢氧化物
包装工程第44卷第19期·104·PACKAGING ENGINEERING2023年10月层状双金属氢氧化物/聚乙烯醇气体阻隔薄膜材料制备及性能研究张子怡，李梦冉，薛程，范婷婷，李欢欢，李中波*（安徽农业大学轻纺工程与艺术学院，安徽合肥230036）摘要：目的研发出一种具有优异氧气阻隔性能的柔性薄膜，其在食品包装领域具有良好的应用前景。
方法以具有生物降解性能的聚乙烯醇（PVA）为成膜基材，镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物（MgAl-LDH）为改性剂，柠檬酸为交联剂，采用流延法制备出具有优异气体阻隔性能的PVA/MgAl-LDH复合薄膜。
结果随着柠檬酸的含量的增加，复合薄膜的亲水性能逐渐增加，阻隔性能逐渐下降；随着复合薄膜中MgAl-LDH的含量的增加，复合薄膜的疏水性能和阻隔性能逐渐提高。
当复合薄膜中MgAl-LDH的质量分数为1.5%时，薄膜的力学性能最好，抗拉强度为42 MPa，断裂伸长率为16.7%，此MgAl-LDH质量分数下薄膜的气体阻隔性能也最优异，气体透过量为16 mL/(m2·24 h·0.1 MPa)。
结论柠檬酸的引入增加了薄膜内部亲水基团的数量，提升了复合薄膜的亲水性能。
MgAl-LDH可以减少PVA薄膜内部自由体积，提升PVA薄膜的力学性能和阻隔性能。
关键词：聚乙烯醇；镁铝层状双金属氢氧化物；柠檬酸；复合薄膜；阻隔性能中图分类号：TS206.4 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1001-3563(2023)19-0104-08DOI：10.19554/ki.1001-3563.2023.19.014Preparation and Properties of PVA/MgAl-LDH Gas Barrier FilmsZHANG Zi-yi, LI Meng-ran, XUE Cheng, FAN Ting-ting, LI Huan-huan, LI Zhong-bo*(College of Light Textile Engineering and Art, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)ABSTRACT: The work aims to develop a flexible film with excellent oxygen barrier performance and good application prospects in the field of food packaging. The PVA/MgAl-LDH composite film with excellent gas barrier performance was prepared by the casting method with biodegradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the film-forming substrate, mag-nesium-aluminum layered bimetallic hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) as the modifier, and citric acid as the cross-linking agent.The experimental results showed that with the increase of citric acid content, the hydrophilic property of the composite film gradually increased and the barrier performance decreased gradually. With the increase of MgAl-LDH content in the composite film, the hydrophobic property and barrier property of the composite film gradually increased. When the content of MgAl-LDH in the composite film was 1.5%, the mechanical properties of the film were the best, with a ten-sile strength of 42 MPa and an elongation at break of 16.7%. The gas barrier performance of the film with this MgAl-LDH content was also the best, with a gas permeability of 16 mL/(m2·24 h·0.1 MPa). In addition, the introduc-tion of citric acid increases the number of hydrophilic groups inside the film, and the hydrophilic properties of the composite film are enhanced. MgAl-LDH can reduce the free volume inside the PVA film and enhance the mechanical收稿日期：2023-04-27基金项目：安徽省教育厅自然科学重点项目（2022AH050875）；安徽省科技重大专项（202103a06020005）；安徽省大学生创新创业项目（S202120364214）第44卷第19期张子怡，等：层状双金属氢氧化物/聚乙烯醇气体阻隔薄膜材料制备及性能研究·105·and barrier properties of the PVA film.KEY WORDS: polyvinyl alcohol; magnesium-aluminum layered bimetallic hydroxide; citric acid; composite film; bar-rier performance阻隔性薄膜指对气体、有机化合物等低分子量的化学物质具有非常低的透过性的薄膜。
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Received 13th February 2016 Accepted 5th May 2016
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Composition controlled nickel cobalt sulfide core– shell structures as high capacity and good ratecapability electrodes for hybrid supercapacitors†
Published on 06 May 2016. Downloaded on 25/05/2016 08:28:57.
DOI: 10.1039/c6ra03955c /advt a type of core–shell structured NixCo3ÀxS4 (x ¼ 1, 1.5 and 2) through tuning the ratios of Ni to Co by a simple two-step hydrothermal method. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images of all the Ni–Co sulfides show high porosity and uniform spherical morphology. Moreover, this study demonstrates that controlling the appropriate ratio of Ni to Co in the core–shell structure is crucial for improving the electrochemical performance in a hybrid supercapacitor. Among them, NiCo2S4 with core–shell structure possesses the highest capacity of 155 mA h gÀ1, whereas as Ni1.5Co1.5S4 shows the excellent rate-capability of up to 80% from 1 to 20 A gÀ1 and cycling stability, which retains 74% after 2000 cycles. Therefore, tuning the metal element contents provides
专访绿色化学领域青年学者——孙振宇教授
在传统化学、化工过程伴随着严重的资源浪费，并且对环境造成污染的大背景下，上世纪 90 年代 初美国学者提出了绿色化学的概念，随后提出绿色化学十二条原则，迄今已被绿色化学界普遍接受。绿 色化学可简单定义为减少或消除危险物质的使用和有害物质、废弃物的产生的过程设计。它的理想是从 源头上消除污染，使整个合成过程和生产过程对环境友好，不再使用有毒、有害的物质，不再产生和处 理废弃物。本期我们有幸采访了国内绿色化学领域的青年科学家，《物理化学学报》青年编委孙振宇教 授，为我们分享他的研究经历及对国内外绿色化学行业的分析。
[Spotlight]
物理化学学报 Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2021, 37 (5), 2010021 (1 of 2)
doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202010021
专访绿色化学领域青年学者——孙振宇教授
《物理化学学报》编辑部
问题6：您认为绿色化学发展和应用对我们的社 会、环境和经济会有哪些影响？能否举几个通俗 的例子?
回答：绿色化学的主要特点是“原子经济性”，即 在获得物质的转化过程中充分利用每个原料原 子，实现“零排放”，既可充分利用资源，又不产 生污染。绿色化学可以变废为宝，合理利用资源和 能源，降低生产成本，大幅度提高经济效益。绿色 化学也可改善人们的生活环境，实现生态平衡，满 足可持续发展的基本需求。例如，利用生物降解塑 料，防止白色污染；新能源汽车正在逐步代替燃油
回答：中国绿色化学的研究与国际绿色化学的研 究处于同一水平，在煤炭地下气化工艺、煤炭废弃 物的综合利用技术等应用方面还处于领先水平。
优势：我国在绿色化学研究方面起步较早，在 绿色化学概念提出后不久就开始了相关研究。中 国学术界、企业界和政府均对绿色化学领域高度 重视，国家自然科学基金委、科技部、中科院等部 门资助了很多相关项目，中国科学家在基础研究、 技术开发等方面取得了众多重要成果，例如，新型 生物型农药与化学农药的研制、乙醇汽油和零排 放污水技术的发展。
2019年武汉理工大学材料学院博士研究生招生入围考试考生信息公示汇总表
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韩颖超
王忠卫、曾荣昌 （山东科技大学）
nthanum magnesium hexaluminate thermal cycling lifetime
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物 理 化 学 学 报Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2023, 39 (6), 2212026 (1 of 10)Received: December 16, 2022; Revised: January 10, 2023; Accepted: January 11, 2023; Published online: January 16, 2023. *Correspondingauthors.Emails:**********************(B.Z.),*******************(L.W.);Tel.:+86-132********(B.Z.),+86-133********(L.W.).This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB3803600, 2022YFE0115900), National Natural Science Foundation of China (22238009, 51932007, 52173065, 21905219, 22208332, 22278324), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China (2022CFA001), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M710137), and Innovative Research Funds of SKLWUT, China (2022-CL-A1-01).国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3803600, 2022YFE0115900), 国家自然科学基金(22238009, 51932007, 52173065, 21905219, 22208332, 22278324), 湖北省自然科学基金(2022CFA001), 中国博士后科学基金(2022M710137)和武汉理工大学自主创新研究基金(2022-CL-A1-01)资助© Editorial office of Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica[Article]doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202212026A DFT Study on S-Scheme Heterojunction Consisting of Pt Single Atom Loaded G-C 3N 4 and BiOCl for Photocatalytic CO 2 ReductionCheng Luo 1, Qing Long 1, Bei Cheng 1, Bicheng Zhu 2,*, Linxi Wang 2,*1 State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070, China.2 Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.Abstract: Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction to renewable hydrocarbon fuels provides a feasible protocol for alleviating the greenhouse effect and addressing energy shortage. However, the CO 2 reduction activity of a single-component photocatalyst is very low because of two problems. One is the fast recombination of photogenerated charge carriers, which leads to low photon efficiency, while the other is the large energy barrier to CO 2 activation. There have been considerable research efforts to develop photocatalysts with improved CO 2 reduction performance. For example, step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunctions have been developed to improve charge carrier separation and enhance the redox abilities of photocatalysts. Single-atom metals have also been applied cocatalysts to optimize the reaction thermodynamics. Thus, the synergy between S-scheme heterojunctions and single-atom metal cocatalysts is anticipated to promote both charge carrier transfer and CO 2 reduction reaction processes. In this study, a Pt-C 3N 4/BiOCl heterojunction photocatalyst is modeled, composed of single-atom Pt-loaded g-C 3N 4 and BiOCl, and its photocatalytic properties are studied using density functional theory calculations. Its structure and electronic property are explored, and the process of CO 2 conversion is also simulated. The charge density difference results show that electrons in g-C 3N 4 are transferred to BiOCl owing to the higher Fermi level of g-C 3N 4 than that of BiOCl. Therefore, an interfacial electric field from g-C 3N 4 to BiOCl is established at the g-C 3N 4/BiOCl interface. Under light irradiation, charge carrier transfer in the g-C 3N 4/BiOCl composite is consistent with the S-scheme mechanism. Specifically, the photogenerated electrons in the CB of BiOCl recombine with the photogenerated holes in the VB of g-C 3N 4, while the photogenerated electrons in the CB of g-C 3N 4 and the photogenerated holes in the VB of BiOCl are retained. After the loading of Pt atom at each sixfold cavity of g-C 3N 4, the work function of g-C 3N 4 decreases, thereby enlarging the difference between the Fermi levels of the two semiconductors. Consequently, more electrons are transferred from Pt-C 3N 4 to BiOCl, and the strength of the interfacial electric field is increased. This enhanced electric field is beneficial to the S-scheme charge transfer in Pt-C 3N 4/BiOCl heterojunctions. Besides, based on the calculated variation in reaction energy, the rate-limiting step involved in CO 2 reduction on g-C 3N 4/BiOCl heterojunction is the hydrogenation of CO 2 to COOH, which has an energy barrier of 1.13 eV. After Pt loading, the hydrogenation of CO to HCO is the rate-limiting step and the corresponding energy increase is 0.71 eV. These results manifest that the introduction of Pt single-atom cocatalysts improves the CO 2 reduction performance of g-C 3N 4/BiOCl S-scheme photocatalysts by strengthening the interfacial electric field and reducing the energy barrier. This study provides guidance for constructing metal-atom-incorporated S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts to realize efficient CO 2 reduction.Key Words: Step-scheme heterojunction; Density functional theory; Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction; Single-atom Pt;Carbon nitride; Bismuth oxychloride;Internal electric fieldPt-C3N4/BiOCl S型异质结应用于光催化CO2还原的理论计算研究罗铖1，龙庆1，程蓓1，朱必成2,*，王临曦2,*1武汉理工大学，材料复合新技术国家重点实验室，武汉4300702中国地质大学(武汉)，材化学院太阳燃料实验室，武汉430078摘要：光催化CO2还原制备可再生的碳氢燃料为缓解温室效应、解决能源短缺问题提供了一个可行的办法。
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ChemicalEngineeringScience64(2009)2226--2233ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectChemicalEngineeringScience
journalhomepage:www.elsevier.com/locate/ces
StructuredchiraladsorbentformedbycyclodextrinmodifiedlayeredsolidfilmXiaoleiLiua,b,MinWeia,∗,DavidG.Evansa,XueDuanaaStateKeyLaboratoryofChemicalResourceEngineering,BeijingUniversityofChemicalTechnology,Beijing100029,PRChina
bChemicalEngineeringDepartment,ZiboVocationalInstitute,Zibo255314,PRChina
ARTICLEINFOABSTRACTArticlehistory:Received16October2008Receivedinrevisedform1February2009Accepted3February2009Availableonline12February2009
Keywords:LayereddoublehydroxidesCompositesFilmEnantioselectiveAdsorptionNanostructure
Thefilmofcarboxymethyl--cyclodextrin-intercalatedZn–Allayereddoublehydroxide(CMCD-LDH)hasbeenpreparedbyinsitucrystallizationonaporousanodicalumina/aluminum(PAO/Al)substrate.Thisfilmcanbeusedtoenantioselectivelyseparateracemicmolecules,1-phenyl-1,2-ethanediol(PED).Theadsorptionisothermsofenantioselectiveaswellasnon-enantioselectiveadsorptionofPEDbyCMCD-LDHfilmhavebeeninvestigated,anditwasfoundthattheLangmuir–FreundlichandFreundlichmodelcanbe,respectively,usedtodescribethetwodifferentadsorptionssatisfactorily.Furthermore,theplanesheetdiffusionmodelwassuccessfullyvalidatedinthiswork.Diffusivities(D)ofPEDinCMCD-LDHfilmweredeterminedfromtheFickiandiffusionmodelatvarioustemperatures.AsthestructuredCMCD-LDHfilmisconvenientlyusedandexhibitshighenantioselectiveadsorptionratio,itcanbeexpectedthatthisfilmcouldbefeasiblyappliedinthefieldofindustrialchiraladsorptionandseparation.©2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.
1.IntroductionTheenantioselectiveseparationofchiralmoleculesbycyclodex-trins(CDs)andchemicallymodifiedCDsisanimportantaspectofan-alyticalandpharmaceuticalresearchandhasbeenthesubjectwithgrowinginterestbothexperimentallyandtheoretically(Lipkowitzetal.,1997;RekharskyandInoue,2002;Xiaoetal.,2007;XuandMcCarroll,2005).CDsarecyclic(-1,4)-linkedoligosaccharidescomposedof-D-glucopiranose.Theyaretruncatedcone-shaped
moleculeswithahydrophilicoutsideandahydrophobichollow(Fauccietal.,2002;Szejtli,1998),asaresult,CDscanforminclusioncomplexeswithvariousorganicmolecules.Sincetheyarederivedfromglucoseunits,theCDsmoleculesareinherentlydissymmetricandarethusabletodistinguishbetweenstereochemicalisomersincludingenantiomers.Theversatilityofthesemacrocyclesisre-markable,andtheyareextensivelyusedinchiralchromatographyduetotheirprice-to-performanceratio.BothnativeandderivativeCDshavebeenusedtoseparateenantiomersinplanarchromatog-raphy(TLC)(Sherma,2002),high-performanceliquidchromatog-raphy(HPLC)(Sunetal.,2007),superandsubcriticalfluid-phasechromatography,andmorerecently,theywereusedasadditivesthatenantioselectivelybindandcontrolthemigratoryaptitudesofanalytesincapillaryelectrophoresis(NishiandTerabe,1995).Layereddoublehydroxides(LDHs,alsoknownasanionicclays),areaclassoflayeredmaterialsconsistingofpositivelycharged
∗Correspondingauthor.Tel.:+861064412131;fax:+861064425385.
E-mailaddress:weimin@mail.buct.edu.cn(M.Wei).
0009-2509/$-seefrontmatter©2009ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.doi:10.1016/j.ces.2009.02.007
brucite-likelayersandexchangeableinterlayeranions,whichhaverecentlyreceivedincreasingattention,owingtotheirversatilityandusefulnessinawiderangeoftechnologicalapplicationssuchascatalysis(Selsetal.,2005;Weietal.,2007),functionalmaterials(HouandKirkpatrick,2002;Williamsetal.,2006;XuandBrater-man,2007;Zouetal.,2007),two-dimensionalsolid-statenanoreac-tors(Gerardinetal.,2005),bioactivenanocomposites(Choyetal.,2000),andsoon.LDHscanberepresentedbythegeneralformula[M2+1−xM3+x(OH)2]x+(An−x/n)·mH2O,whereM2+andM3+aredivalent
andtrivalentmetalcations,suchasMg2+andAl3+,respectively,andAn−isananion,suchasCO32−,SO42−,orNO3−.ThestructureofLDHsismostclearlydescribedbyconsideringthebrucite-likestruc-ture,M(OH)2,whichconsistsofM2+ionscoordinatedoctahedrallybyhydroxylgroups,withtheoctahedralunitssharingedgestoforminfinite,charge-neutrallayers.InanLDHsmaterial,isomorphousreplacementofafractionofthedivalentcationswithatrivalentcationoccursandgeneratesapositivechargeonthelayers,whichnecessitatesthepresenceofinterlayercharge-balancinganions.Inthecommonlyobservedpowderform,LDHshaveahouse-of-cardsstructureinvolvingedge-to-faceparticleinteractions,whichlimitstheirresearchandapplication(Gurskyetal.,2006).Themosteffec-tivesolutiontothisproblemmaybepreparationofLDHsfilmonsub-strates(Chenetal.,2006;Gardneretal.,2001;Leeetal.,2004,2006;Lietal.,2007;Liuetal.,2006;L¨uetal.,2007).Gardneretal.(2001)foundthatthecolloidalLDHsuspensionsobtainedbyhydrolysisofalkoxide-intercalatedLDHderivativeswereabletoformtranspar-entfilm.Leeandco-workers(2004,2006)usedtheultrasonificationmethodtopreparemonolayerofLDHfilmswithahighpackingdensityandapreferredorientationwiththec-axisperpendicularto