专业英语试题

2013-2014 学年第1学期专业英语试题

班级：2012级农林经济管理

教学班号：1

学号\

姓名：

Part1 Translation （English to Chinese）50s

1.After having expanded at a vigorous 9 percent yearly rate during the

first half of the 1990s, developing countries‟agricultural export earnings are estimated to lose momentum 1997 and 1998,mainly reflecting weak international commodity prices. Barring unforeseeable economic and market events ,agricultural trade is expected to recover to growth rates of about 6 percent yearly over 1999—2002 .

nevertheless, agricultural trade growth would continue to lag ,by 2 to 3 percentage points, behind that of merchandise trade as a whole.

自从20世纪90年代前期，发展中国家以每年百分之九的增长率蓬勃扩张后，然而受到国际商品价格疲软走势的主要影响，在1997—1998年，其出口走势将会失去势头。排除不可预见的金融和市场危机，农业贸易有望在1999—2001年恢复到每年百分之六的增长率。尽管如此，从总体上来说，农业贸易仍将落后于商品贸易2至3个百分点。

2.Planning. The initial managerial function ----determining what shoud

be done in the future ----is called planning .It consists of setting goals ,policies ,procedures, and other plans need to achieve the purposes of the organization . In planning，the manager decides a course of action from various alternative courses that are available.

Planning is primarily conceptual in nature. It means thinking before

acting, looking ahead and preparing for the future, laying out in advance the road to be followed, and thinking about what and how the job should be done .It includes collecting and sorting information from numerous sources to make decisions. Not only dose planning include deciding what , how when ,and by whom work is to be done ,it must also include the development of …what if‟scenarios . A word of caution: regardless of how well a supervisors like Carol Reeves plans , cries will happen, and supervisors need to anticipate them, considering what they will do if this or that happens.

计划

最初的管理职能----确定在未来应该做什么，叫做计划。它包括设定目标，策略，程序，及其他计划需要实现的组织目的。在计划中，管理者可以从各种各样的可选的方案中选择一连串的行动。计划在本质上是首要的概念。它意味着在行动前思考，高瞻远瞩，并为未来做好充分的准备。提前设计好你要走的路，并思考你要做的是什么工作，该如何做这件工作。它包括从数量庞大的资源中搜集并处理信息。计划不仅包括决定做什么、怎么做、何时做、由谁来做，它也必须包括事情发展中的‘万一‟这个情况。有一句话要提醒的是：尽管像卡罗·里维斯那样的超级管理者，无论计划是多么完美无瑕，紧急情况也可能会发生，所以管理者需要早点预料到危机，考虑到这个或那个发生的情况下，他们应该做什么。

Part 2 writing (chose one of the following titles to write a

500---800 world compos ion)50s

Title : A brief Discussion on management

1.The definition and dimensions of management

2.The problem with management in real world

3.The ways to improve managerial skills

Title2 On Environmental Pollution

1.The current situation of Environmental Pollution

2.The factors leading to the situation

3.The ways to solve the problem.

On Environmental Pollution

In recent years, the reports about environmental pollution are more and more frequently.

I read a piece of news recently. It says that in Beijing air pollution reached “hazardous”levels on Monday.Only when people wear masks can they go out. As we all know, long time exposure to particulate matter especially the particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) is a major health hazard. The pollutant had left some of Shanghai‟s neighboring province shrouded in smog and fog. And a blanket of smog continued to choke much of China. Many people got respiratory disease. The latest available data suggest that in 2010, air pollution was responsible for the deaths of 223,000 lung cancer patients around the