地理英文单词
地理学的英语单词
地理学的英语单词Geography, a subject that spans the breadth of our planet, encompasses a rich vocabulary. From the towering peaks of the Himalayas to the depths of the Mariana Trench, geographical terms paint a vivid picture of our world.The study of geography introduces us to words like 'plate tectonics,' which describe the movement of Earth's crust, and 'hydrology,' the study of water's distribution. These terms help us understand the dynamic nature of our planet.Vocabulary such as 'biome' and 'ecosystem' allows us to discuss the diverse habitats and communities of life thatthrive across the globe. Each term is a key to unlocking the complexity of Earth's environments.Words like 'latitude' and 'longitude' are fundamental in geography, providing a framework for navigation and understanding the Earth's vast expanse. They are the language of exploration and discovery.The term 'climate' is crucial in geography, as it describes the average weather patterns of a region. It's through this word that we can discuss the differences between the Arctic and the Sahara.Understanding 'geographical features' like rivers, mountains, and deserts is essential. These words help us todescribe and analyze the physical characteristics of our planet.In geography, 'urbanization' is a term that describes the growth of cities and the shift of populations from rural to urban areas. It's a word that encapsulates the changes in human settlement patterns.Lastly, 'sustainability' is a key term in modern geography, focusing on the ability to maintain ecological balance while meeting human needs. It's a concept that underscores our responsibility to the Earth.。
地理教学的英文
地理教学的英文
地理是一门涵盖广泛的学科，包括地球科学、人文地理、经济地理等分支。
教授地理需要使用一系列的英文单词和术语，以下是一些常见的地理教学英文：
1. geography - 地理学
2. physical geography - 自然地理学
3. human geography - 人文地理学
4. cartography - 制图学
5. topography - 地形学
6. climatology - 气候学
7. geology - 地质学
8. geomorphology - 地貌学
9. hydrology - 水文学
10. oceanography - 海洋学
11. ecology - 生态学
12. population geography - 人口地理学
13. economic geography - 经济地理学
14. cultural geography - 文化地理学
15. political geography - 政治地理学
教授地理的词汇还包括地区、国家、城市、山脉、河流、湖泊、环境问题等。
在教学中，学生们需要了解这些单词和术语，并学会如何运用它们来描述和分析地理现象。
除了单词和术语，地理教学还需要使用地图、图表、图像等教具。
因此，学生们需要学会阅读和理解这些图形，以便更好地理解地理概念和现象。
总之，地理教学需要广泛的英文知识和技能，学生们需要不断地学习和提高自己的英文水平，以便更好地理解和掌握地理学科。
地理类英文单词
地理类英文单词Geography-related English VocabularyIntroductionEnglish is a widely spoken language around the world, and having a good grasp of geography-related vocabulary can greatly enhance our understanding and communication skills in various situations. In this article, we will explore different categories of geography-related English words and their meanings. Let's delve into the fascinating world of geographic terminology.1. LandformsLandforms are natural features on the Earth's surface that have distinctive shapes and characteristics. Here are some commonly used English words to describe landforms:1.1 Mountains: Elevated landmasses with steep slopes and towering peaks. Examples include the Himalayas, the Rocky Mountains, and the Alps.1.2 Valleys: Low-lying areas between mountains or hills, often with rivers flowing through them. Famous valleys include the Nile Valley, the Grand Canyon, and the Rhine Valley.1.3 Plateaus: Flat, elevated areas of land with steep sides. Notable plateaus include the Tibetan Plateau, the Colorado Plateau, and the Deccan Plateau.1.4 Plains: Broad, flat areas of land with fertile soil. The Great Plains in North America, the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and the Russian Plain are well-known examples.2. Bodies of WaterWater covers a significant portion of the Earth's surface, and there are various bodies of water that play a crucial role in shaping landscapes and supporting life. Let's explore some important water-related vocabulary:2.1 Oceans: Vast bodies of saltwater that cover most of the Earth's surface. The five major oceans are the Atlantic Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and the Arctic Ocean.2.2 Seas: Smaller saltwater bodies partially enclosed by land. Examples include the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Caribbean Sea.2.3 Rivers: Large natural streams of water that flow into lakes, seas, or oceans. Notable rivers include the Amazon River, the Nile River, and the Yangtze River.2.4 Lakes: Inland bodies of water, generally larger than ponds. Prominent lakes include the Great Lakes, Lake Baikal, and Lake Victoria.3. ClimateClimate refers to the long-term weather patterns of a particular region. Understanding climate-related vocabulary is essential when discussing geographical features and their impact. Here are some climate-related words:3.1 Temperature: The degree of hotness or coldness in a particular area. It is often measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.3.2 Precipitation: Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface, including rain, snow, sleet, and hail.3.3 Humidity: The amount of water vapor present in the air. It affects how hot or cold we perceive the temperature to be.3.4 Climate Zones: Divisions of the Earth's surface based on distinct climatic features. Some common climate zones are tropical, temperate, arid, and polar.4. Natural DisastersGeography is closely associated with natural disasters, which can have a devastating impact on human lives and the surrounding environment. Understanding relevant vocabulary is important in disaster management and communication. Here are a few words related to natural disasters:4.1 Earthquake: A sudden shaking or trembling of the ground, often caused by the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's surface.4.2 Tsunami: A series of enormous ocean waves triggered by underwater seismic activities, such as an earthquake.4.3 Volcano: An opening in the Earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are ejected during eruptions.4.4 Hurricane: A large, rotating storm system characterized by strong winds and heavy rainfall. Hurricanes are also known as typhoons or cyclones, depending on the region.ConclusionExpanding our geographic vocabulary not only improves our language skills but also deepens our understanding of the world around us. From landforms to natural disasters, bodies of water to climate zones, the English language offers a comprehensive range of words to describe various geographic phenomena. So, let's continue to explore and learn more about our planet through the lens of the English language.。
地理学英语单词表
地理专业名词中英文对照1、大气ATMOSPHERE大气组成Atmospheric composition空气质量Air quality大气化学Atmospheric chemistry大气成分Atmospheric components大气颗粒物Atmospheric particulates二氧化碳Carbon dioxide温室气体Greenhouse gases氧气Oxygen臭氧层Ozone layer大气过程Atmospheric processes空气,水相互作用Air-water interaction大气环流Atmospheric circulation大气降水Atmospheric precipitation碳循环Carbon cycle蒸发作用Evaporation降水增加Precipitation enhancement降雨Rainfall太阳辐射Solar radiation蒸腾作用Transpiration风Winds空气污染Air pollution酸雨Acid rain空气污染物Air pollutants氯氟碳Chlorofluorocarbons沉降的颗粒物Deposited particulate matter飞灰Fly ash雾Fog薄烟Haze空内空气污染Indoor air pollution 烟雾Smog气候问题Climatic issues农业气象学Agrometeorology气候Climate气候变化Climatic change气候带Climatic zones干旱Drought全球变暖Global warming温室效应Greenhouse effect湿度Humidity微气候影响Microclimate effects海平面上升Sea level rise人工影响天气Weather modification2、岩石圈LITHOSPHERE固态地球Solid Earth洞穴Caves地震活动Seismic activity地震监测Seismic monitoring火山Volcanoes风蚀Wind erosion3、陆地生态系统TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS土壤Soils农用土地Agricultural land碱地Alkali lands污染的土地Contaminated land污染的土壤Contaminated soil沙坑Gravel pits荒地Heath lands土地承载能力Land carrying capacity土地污染Land pollution土地开垦Land reclamation土地恢复Land restoration土地使用分类Land use classification边缘土地Marginal lands沙石开采Sand extraction沉积Sedimentation土壤潜力Soil capabilities土壤保持Soil conservation土壤污染Soil contamination土壤退化Soil degradation土壤侵蚀Soil erosion土壤改良Soil improvement土壤盐碱化Soil salination水蚀Water erosion干旱地区生态系统Arid land ecosystems干旱土地Arid lands沙漠化Desertification抗旱Drought control旱作Dry farming沙丘固定Sand dune fixation沙丘Sand dunes半干旱地区生态系统Semi-arid land ecosystems 森林生态系统Forest ecosystems植树造林Afforestation针叶林Coniferous forests森林砍伐Deforestation森林保护Forest conservation森林火灾Forest fires草地火灾Grass fires绿化带Greenbelts本地森林Indigenous forests再造林Reforestation植被恢复Revegetation亚热带生态系统Sub-tropical ecosystems温带森林Temperate forests温带林地Temperate woodlands树木Trees热带生态系统Tropical ecosystems热带森林Tropical forests热带森林生态系统Tropical forest ecosystems林地生态系统Woodland ecosystems温带生态系统和寒带生态系统Temperate ecosystems and cold zone ecosystems 南极生态系统Antarctic ecosystems南极地区Antarctic region北极生态系统Arctic ecosystems北极地区Arctic region寒带生态系统Cold zone ecosystems草地生态系统Grassland ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Permafrost ecosystems极地生态系统Polar ecosystems温带生态系统Temperate ecosystems山地生态系统Mountain ecosystems高原生态系统Highland ecosystems登山运动Mountaineering湿地生态系统Wetlands ecosystems红树沼泽Mangrove swamps水禽Waterfowl水涝地Waterlogged lands流域管理Watershed management水边开发Waterside development生物多样性和保护区Biological diversity and protected areas适应性强的物种Adaptable species藻类Algae两栖动物Amphibians动物习性Animal behaviour动物资源Animal resources节肢动物Arthropods生物多样性Biological diversity生物资源Biological resources生物圈保护区Biosphere reserves群落生境Biotopes鸟类Birds植物园Botanical gardens基因资源保护Conservation of genetic resources 生态平衡Ecological balance濒危动物物种Endangered animal species濒危植物物种Endangered plant species河口保护区Estuarine conservation areas动物区系Fauna植物区系Flora食物链Food chain捕猎Hunting无脊椎动物Invertebrates陆地哺乳动物Land mammals哺乳动物Mammals海洋保护区Marine conservation areas微生物Microorganisms移栖种Migratory species国家公园National parks国家保护区National reserves寄生生物Parasites偷猎Poaching灵长目Primates保护区Protected areas受保护的物种Protected species爬行动物Reptiles陆地生物资源Terrestrial biological resources植被Vegetation杂草Weeds野生生物Wildlife野生生物保护Wildlife conservation野生生物生境Wildlife habitats动物园Zoological gardens细菌Bacteria酶Enzymes真菌Fungi基因库Gene banks种质Germ plasm微生物资源Microbial resources原生生物Protozoa病毒Viruses酵母Yeasts生物技术问题Biotechnological issues农业生物技术Agricultural biotechnologies生物伦理学Bioethics生物安全Biosafety生物技术Biotechnologies无性繁殖Cloning与健康有关的生物技术Health-related biotechnologies诱变剂Mutagens突变微生物释放Mutated microorganisms release突变体Mutants繁殖控制Reproductive manipulationDNA重组技术Recombinant DNA technology动物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of animals植物的选择性繁殖Selective breeding of plants生物技术的社会,经济影响Socio-economic impact of biotechnologies 致畸剂Teratogens4、淡水FRESHWATER淡水资源Freshwater resources淡水保护Conservation of freshwater水坝Dams冰Ice湖泊Lakes自然排水系统Natural drainage systems河流流域开发River basin development河流Rivers雪Snow地下水Subterranean water地表水Surface waters水资源保护Water resources conservation水资源开发Water resources development淡水生态系统Freshwater ecosystems集水区Catchment areas国际河流流域International river basins湖泊流域Lake basins池塘尾渣Ponds tailings河流流域River basins淡水恶化Freshwater degradation河流污染River pollution径流Run-off沉积物移动Sediment mobilization沉积物运移Sediment transport沉积盆地Sedimentary basins渗漏Seepage凤眼蓝Water hyacinth水葫芦;凤眼兰;凤眼莲;凤眼蓝;风信花水污染Water pollution水的盐化Water salination饮用水供应Drinking water supply脱盐Desalination饮用水Drinking water饮用水处理Drinking water treatment城市配水系统Municipal water distribution systems 农村供水Rural water supply污水处理厂Sewage treatment plants水泵Water pumps水处理Water treatment水井Water wells5、海洋环境MARINE ENVIRONMENTS海洋生态系统Marine ecosystems藻花Algal bloom海底生态系统Benthic ecosystems海洋污染Marine pollution污染沉积物Marine sediments海洋环境Ocean circulation洋流Ocean currents海洋Oceans海洋温度Ocean temperature赤潮Red tide海平面Sea level潮,潮汐Tides沿海生态系统Coastal ecosystems群岛Archipelagoes沿海地区Coastal areas沿海开发Coastal development沿海环境Coastal environments海岸侵蚀Coastal erosion疏浚Dredging河口生态系统Estuarine ecosystems岛屿生态系统Island ecosystems小岛屿Small islands海洋生物资源Living marine resources水生哺乳动物Aquatic mammals水生微生物Aquatic microorganisms水生植物Aquatic plants珊瑚礁Coral reefs甲壳纲动物Crustaceans鱼类Fish海洋资源保护Marine resources conservation软体动物Molluscs水生贝壳类动物Shellfish6、环境管理ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT资源管理Resources management深海矿藏Deep sea deposits森林管理Forest management森林政策Forest policy资源的地埋分布Geographic distribution of resources土地价值Land values矿产资源Mineral resources国家保护计划National conservation programs自然资源Natural resources自然保护Nature conservation不可再生资源Non-renewable resources资源净损耗Net resource depletion矿床Ore deposits石油资源保护Petroleum resources conservation可再生资源Renewable resources资源估价Resource appraisal资源保护Resource conservation海底开发Sea bed exploitation海底采矿Sea bed mining本地资源的利用Utilization of local resources环境规划Environmental planning发展合作Development cooperation发展计划Development planning生态发展Ecodevelopment经济发展Economic development经济计划Economic planning环境核算Environmental accounting环境审计Environmental auditing环境健康影响评价Environmental health impact assessment 环境影响Environmental impact环境影响评价Environmental impact assessment环境影响状报告书Environmental impact statement环境指标Environmental indicators环境政策Environmental policy环境风险评估Environmental risk assessment财政资助Financial assistance土地利用规划Land use planning环境管理指标Environmental management indicators环境质量指标Environmental quality indicators试验项目Pilot projects政策规划Policy planning施压集团Pressure groups区域规划Regional planning自助计划Self-help programmes工农业选址Siting of industry社会调查Social surveys发展状况Status of development可持续发展Sustainable development可持续发展指标Sustainable development indicators技术评价Technology assessment运输计划Transport planning环境经济问题Environmental economic issues环境定价Environmental valuation环境成本Environmental costs外部Externalities重置成本Replacement costs贸易对环境的影响Trade impact on environment已定价值的生态系统组成部分valued ecosystem components 经济管理手段Economic management instruments成本-效益分析Cost-benefit analysis发展中国家债务Developing countries debt环境股票交易Environmental stock exchange政府环境开支Government environmental expenditures绿色财政手段Green fiscal instruments环境成本内在化Internalisation of environmental costs以绿色标志促销Marketing with green labelling资源的定价政策Pricing policies of resources结构调整计划Structural adjustment programs税收差别Tax differentiation可交易的许可证Tradeable permits7、人类住区HUMAN SETTLEMENTS人类住区管理Human settlements management建成区Built-up areas经济规划Economic zoning用火安全要求Fire safety requirements历史遗址Historical sites住房改善Housing improvements住房需求Housing needs住房规划Housing programmes住房质量标准Housing quality standards工业区Industrial areas非高峰时间工作Off-peak working办公室Offices城区发展模式Patterns of urban growth规划的城区发展Planned urban development 再建房屋Rehousing租赁房屋Rental housing居民区Residential areas建筑安全标准Safety standards for buildings 商店Shops建筑业标准Standards for building industry 城区设计Urban design建成结构Built structures桥梁Bridges建筑材料Building materials建筑物Buildings建筑技术Building technology施工技术Construction technology建筑工程Construction works农业建筑Farm buildings政府建筑Government buildings高层建筑High-rise buildings工业建筑Industrial buildings本地建筑材料Local materials for building拖车住房Mobile homes核研究中心Nuclear research centres装配式房屋Prefabricated buildings结构Structures隔热Thermal insulation基础设施Infrastructure通道Access roads水上娱乐活动Aquatic recreational amenities 汽车停放Automobile parking建成的排水系统Built drainage systems电力分配Electric power distribution公共花园Public gardens公路Highways空地Open spaces管道Pipelines运动场Playgrounds公园Public parks公用事业Public utilities道路建设Road construction道路养护Road maintenance体育设施Sports facilities电信Telecommunications运输系统Transport systems隧道Tunnels城市供水Urban water supply公共服务Public services人类住区的社会,经济方面Socio-economic aspects of human settlements 生育控制Birth control社区服务Community services社区参与Community participation通勤Commuting消费方式Consumption patterns文化指标Cultural indicators发展模式Development patterns残疾人Disabled persons毒品滥用Drug abuse生态旅游Ecotourism计划生育Family planning性别问题Gender issues无家可归Homelessness住房集资Housing finance人类迁居Human migration人口Human population人权Human rights土地分配Land allotment生活方式Lifestyles低价住房Low-cost housing流动工人Migrant workers少数民族Minorities社区改善计划Neighbourhood improvement schemes新社区New communities流浪者Nomads非高峰时间通勤Off-peak commuting公共卫生Public health种族关系Race relations娱乐Recreation农村地区Rural areas环境卫生Sanitation社会指数Social indicators社会-经济因素Socio-economic factors旅游Tourism旅行Travel贫困阶层Under-privileged people 城市地区Urban areas城区改造Urban renewal城区压力Urban stress妇女地位Women status8、人类住区的环境方面Environmental aspects of human settlements空调Air conditioning尸体处置Disposal of the dead区城供热District heating住房密度Housing density过度拥挤Overcrowding难民Refugees旅游设施Tourist facilities城市衰败Urban decay9、农业AGRICULTURE农业方式Agricultural practices农业设备Agricultural equipment农业管理Agricultural management农业方法Agricultural methods农业害虫Agricultural pests农业生产Agricultural production农业储藏Agricultural storage动物疾病Animal diseases动物营养Animal nutrition养蜂业Apiculture水产养殖Aquaculture害虫的生物控制Biological control of pests 生物固氮Biological nitrogen fixation堆肥Composts等高耕作Contour farming受控燃烧Controlled burning作物保护Crop protection挽畜Draught animals鱼类养殖Fish culture渔业管理Fisheries management谷物Grains作物虫害传染Infestation of crops粮食虫害传染Infestation of food灌溉Irrigation灌溉渠Irrigation canals灌溉农业Irrigation farming天然肥料Natural fertilizers有机农业Organic farming病虫害控制Pest management杀虫剂标准控制Pesticide control standards 植物病害Plant diseases家禽饲养Poultry farming林农轮作Shifting cultivation树木苗圃Tree nurseries滴灌Trickle irrigation农工业Agro-industry畜产品Animal products饮料工业Beverage industry酿造业Brewing industry蒸馏业Distilling industry食品辐照Food irradiation食品保存Food preservation食品贮藏Food storage食品运输Food transport林产品Forest products烟草Tobacco农用化学品Agrochemicals化学肥料Chemical fertilizers杀真菌剂Fungicides除草剂Herbicides杀虫剂的代谢Metabolism of pesticides硝酸盐Nitrates亚硝酸盐Nitrites亚硝胺Nitrosamines营养物Nutrients有机磷化物Organophosphorus compounds 杀虫剂的持久性Persistence of pesticides杀虫剂路径Pesticide pathways杀虫剂Pesticides磷酸盐Phosphates杀虫剂的毒性Toxicity of pesticides杀虫剂的使用Utilization of pesticides10、工业INDUSTRY工业生产过程Industrial processes制铝工业Aluminium industry适用技术Appropriate technology高炉Blast furnaces纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry纤维素Cellulose化学工业Chemical industry清洁技术Clean technologies服装工业Clothing industry乳品业Dairy industry脱盐工厂Desalination plants干洗Dry cleaning炼铁工业Iron industry洗烫衣服Laundering皮革工业Leather industry金属加工Metal finishing金属电镀Metal plating金属冶炼Metal smelting矿产业Mineral industry采矿Mining天然气开采Natural gas extraction原油开采Oil extraction石油提炼Petroleum refining印刷工业Printing industry纸浆工业Pulp industry采石Quarrying橡胶加工Rubber processing炼钢工业Steel industry露天剥采Strip mining焦油生产Tar production焦油使用Tar use木材保存Wood preservation工业产品Industrial products消费品Consumer goods危险品Dangerous goods工业材料Industrial materials天然纤维Natural fibres包装Packaging涂料Paints产品标签Product labelling可再用容器Reusable containers合成洗涤剂Synthetic detergents合成纺织纤维Synthetic textile fibres漆Varnishes木产品Wood products11、运输TRANSPORTATION空运Air transportation空中交通规则Air traffic regulations飞机Aircraft飞机发动机排放物Aircraft engine emissions飞机噪音Aircraft noise机场Airports航天运输Space transportation陆上运输Land transportation自行车Bicycles内燃机Combustion engines铁路运输Railway transport道路安全Road safety道路交通工程Road traffic engineering 道路运输Road transport道路Roads城市交通Urban traffic车辆检验Vehicle inspection水上运输Water transportation渔轮Fishing vessels内河运输Inland water transport内陆水道Inland waterways国际水道International watercourses 海运Maritime transport航运的危害Navigational hazards油轮Oil tankers港口Ports潜水艇Submarines12、能ENERGY能源Energy sources动物粪便作燃料Animal dung as fuel 沼气Biogas生物量Biomass生物质能Biomass energy木炭Charcoal煤Coal原油Crude oil能源资源Energy resources浓缩铀Enriched uranium矿物燃料Fossil fuels燃料酒精Fuel alcohol薪柴Fuel wood地热能Geothermal energy碳氢化合物Hydrocarbon compounds 烃Hydrocarbons水电Hydroelectric power液化气Liquefied gas甲烷Methane天然气Natural gas可再生能源Renewable energy sources不可再生能源Non-renewable energy resources 无污染能源Non-polluting energy sources核能Nuclear energy核燃料Nuclear fuels油类Oils油页岩Oil shales泥炭、泥煤Peat汽油Petrols从废料中提取的燃料Refuse derived fuels太阳能Solar energy焦油砂Tar sands海洋热能Thermal sea power潮汐能Tidal energy铀Uranium波浪能Wave energy风能Wind energy能源过程Energy processes煤气化Coal gasification煤液化Coal liquefaction电力Electric power发电厂Electric power plants蓄电装置Electrical storage devices能源保护Energy conservation能源转换Energy conversion能源效率Energy efficiency能源政策Energy policy能源生产Energy production能源利用Energy use能源利用方式Energy utilization patterns气体液化Gas liquefaction照明Lighting天然气勘探Natural gas exploration核能利用Nuclear energy uses核电站Nuclear power plants近海石油钻探Offshore oil drilling石油勘探Oil exploration日照加热Solar heating13、环境化学ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY 无机物质Inorganic substances酸Acids氧化铝Alumina氯Chlorine盐酸Hydrochloric acid硫化氢Hydrogen sulphide硫酸盐Sulphates硫酸Sulphuric acid光化学试剂Photochemical agents光化学效应Photochemical effects有机物质Organic substances有机硅化合物Organosilicon compounds酚Phenols外激素，信息素Pheromones植物油Vegetable oils生物化学过程Biochemical processes 酸化Acidification 需氧过程Aerobic processes厌氧过程Anaerobic processes生物降解Biodegradation脱氮作用Denitrification富营氧化Eutrophication杀虫剂的相互作用Interaction of pesticides电离辐射Ionizing radiation代谢(作用)，新陈代谢(作用) Metabolism固氮Nitrogen fixation非电离辐射Non-ionizing radiation光合作用Photosynthesis物理,化学过程Physico-chemical processes放射性Radioactivity毒性Toxicity污染POLLUTION污染物Pollutants气溶胶，气雾剂Aerosols农业废物Agricultural wastes石棉Asbestos商业噪音Commercial noise混合污染Composite pollution作物废物Crop waste二恶英Dioxins农家场院废物Farmyard waste火、火灾Fire危险物质Hazardous substances危险废物Hazardous wastes重金属Heavy metals医院废物Hospital wastes工业废水Industrial effluents工业排放物Industrial emissions工业烟尘Industrial fumes工业噪声Industrial noise无机污染物Inorganic pollutants铅污染Lead contamination液体废物Liquid wastes丢弃物，废气物Litter汞污染Mercury contamination微污染物Micropollutants采矿废物Mining wastes机动车辆排放物Motor vehicle emissions城市废物Municipal waste氮氧化物Nitrogen oxides噪声污染Noise pollution恶臭公害Odour nuisance有机物污染Organic pollutants难降解有机污染物Persistent organic pollutants 有机溶剂Organic solvents有机卤化物Organohalogen compounds医药废物Pharmaceutical wastes塑料废物Plastic wastes多氯联苯Polychlorinated biphenyls聚合物废物Polymer wastes放射性物质Radioactive substances氡Radon橡胶废物Rubber waste锯屑Sawdust污水Sewage屠宰场废物Slaughterhouse waste固体废物Solid wastes热污染Thermal pollution有毒物质Toxic substances有毒废物Toxic waste毒素Toxins痕量元素Trace elements痕量物质Trace materials交通噪音Traffic noise废物，垃圾Trash废热Waste heat木材废料Wood waste对流层臭氧Tropospheric ozone污染源Pollution sources生物武器Biological weapons水泥工业Cement industry化学武器Chemical weapons烟囱Chimneys冷却水Cooling waters机动车辆Motor vehicles摩托车Motorcycles核武器Nuclear weapons海洋倾倒Ocean dumping石油泄漏Oil spills废金属Scrap metals挖掘堆积Excavation heaps污染治理Pollution abatement隔音Acoustic insulation化学污染清除Chemical decontamination燃料脱硫Desulphurization of fuels过滤器Filters噪音治理Noise abatement污染治理设备Pollution abatement equipment 污染控制技术Pollution control technology辐射防护Radiation protection洗涤器Scrubbers分离器Separators防烟Smoke prevention废物最少化Waste minimization废物Wastes电池处理Battery disposal废物的化学处理Chemical treatment of waste处置场所Disposal sites废物焚烧Incineration of waste矿山回填Mine filling残油回收Oil residue recuperation放射性废物管理Radioactive waste management 回收的材料Recycled materials回收Recycling材料再利用Reuse of materials卫生填埋Sanitary landfills海洋排泄口Sea outfall化粪池Septic tanks污水处置Sewage disposal污水处理系统Sewage treatment systems固体废物处置Solid waste disposal废物同化处置Waste assimilation capacities废物转化技术Waste conversion techniques废物处置Waste disposal废物土地处置Waste disposal in the ground废物处置税Waste disposal taxes废物回收Waste recovery废物利用Waste use水的再利用Water reuse14、人体健康HUMAN HEALTH污染物的危害Hazards of pollutants在人体组织中的积累Accumulation in body tissues镉污染Cadmium contamination环境健康危害Environmental health hazards人体接触污染物Human exposure to pollutants污染物的长期效应Long-term effects of pollutants核安全Nuclear safety污染物的影响Pollutant effects污染风险Pollution risk辐射效应Radiation effects药物的副作用Side effects of pharmaceutical drugs有毒物质的协同效应Synergistic effects of toxic substances 与环境有关的疾病Environmentally related diseases致癌物Carcinogens南美锥虫病Chagas'' disease人类的疾病Human diseases免疫疾病Immunological diseases婴儿死亡率Infant mortality疟疾Malaria盘尾丝虫病Onchocerciasis病原生物体Pathogenic organisms辐射病Radiation sickness血吸虫病Schistosomiasis人类疾病传染媒介Vectors of human diseases工作环境Working environment人机工程学Ergonomics职业健康Occupational health职业安全Occupational safety振动Vibration营养与保健Nutrition and health care过敏素Allergens基本食物要求Basic food requirements食品Food食品添加剂Food additives食用色素Food colourants食品污染Food contamination保健Health care卫生设施Health facilities高蛋白食品High protein foods医院Hospitals营养不良Malnutrition医疗Medical treatment药用植物Medicinal plants营养Nutrition食品的营养价值Nutritive value of food毒物Poisons吸烟Smoking主食Staple foods传统保健Traditional health care15、灾难DISASTERS灾难现象Catastrophic phenomena生物体的意外释放Accidental release of organisms 雪崩Avalanches旋风Cyclones沙漠蝗虫Desert locusts地震Earthquakes环境事故Environmental accidents流行病Epidemics洪水Floods飓风Hurricanes山崩Landslides人为灾难Human-made disasters核事故Nuclear accidents放射性污染Radioactive contamination释放Release地震海浪Seismic sea waves泄漏Spillage暴风雨Storms台风Typhoons应急减灾措施Emergency relief measures灾难清理作业Disaster clean-up operations防灾准备Disaster preparedness防灾Disaster prevention灾难救援Disaster relief流离失所人员Displaced persons紧急救援Emergency relief应急避难所Emergency shelter环境应急计划Environmental contingency planning 防洪Flood control放射性污染清除Radioactive decontamination临时住房Temporary housing临时避难所Temporary shelter生境破坏Habitat destruction陆地活动Land-based activities自然改变Physical alterations16、监测MONITORING环境监测Environmental monitoring生物指标Biological indicators生态标志Ecolabelling污染物鉴别Identification of pollutants噪声监制Noise monitoring污染物分析Pollutant analysis污染物分布Pollutant distribution污染物浓度Pollutant levels污染物监测Pollutant monitoring污染物路径Pollutant pathways污染物来源鉴别Pollutant source identification 污染监测Pollution monitoring辐射监测Radiation monitoring交通监测Traffic monitoring监测数据Monitoring data空气质量管理Air quality management大气监测Atmospheric monitoring本底监测Baseline monitoring环境标准Environmental criteria环境评价Environmental assessment部门评价Sectoral assessment环境统计Environmental statistics森林资源评估Forest resource assessment洪水监测Freshwater monitoring工业生产统计Industrial production statistics长期预报Long-term forecasting长期趋势Long-term trends海洋监测Marine monitoring监测基准Monitoring criteria污染基准Pollution criteria污染标准Pollution norms质量控制Quality control水盾Water quality天气监测Weather monitoring天气预报Weather prediction野生生物种群统计Wildlife population statistics 监测技术Monitoring techniques分析设备Analytical equipment大气模型Atmospheric models自动检测Automatic detection测量仪器的标定Calibration of measuring equipment 色谱分析Chromatographic analysis气象色谱法Gas chromatography模型制作，模型设计Modelling监测仪器Monitoring equipment放射性示踪技术Radioactive tracer techniques采样技术Sampling techniques模拟Simulation河道观测Stream measurement毒理测定Toxicological testing报警系统Warning systems监测系统Monitoring systems17、环境法ENVIRONMENTAL LAW国内立法National legislation农业立法Agricultural legislation污染防治激励措施Antipollution incentives环境犯罪Environmental crimes环境激励措施Environmental incentives环境责任Environmental liability环境过失Environmental misconduct环境质量标准Environmental quality standards环境补贴Environmental subsidies林业立法Forestry legislation健康立法Health legislation住房立法Housing legislation工业立法Industrial legislation对破坏环境的惩罚Penalties for environmental damage 污染者付费原则Polluter-pays principle污染控制法规Pollution control regulations污染责任Pollution liabilities公众对土地的获取Public access to land法规控制Regulatory control国际环境关系International environmental relations入海通道Access to the sea双边协定Bilateral conventions环境安全Environmental security环境破坏行为Environmental vandalism环境冲突Environmental warfare危险废物的出口Export of hazardous wastes全球性公约Global conventions国际标准化International standardization国际贸易International trade国际性重要的失态系统Internationally important ecosystems海洋事故的责任Liability for marine accidents核破坏的责任Liability for nuclear damages军事活动Military activity事先知情同意Prior informed consent危险废物运输的事先通告Prior notification for hazardous waste transport 区域性公约Regional conventions技术转让Technology transfer贸易避垒Trade barriers越境污染Trans-frontier pollution危险物质的运输Transport of hazardous materials18、环境信息ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION信息基础设施Information infrastructure图书馆Library信息中心Information centre数据中心Data centre培训中心Training centre因特网服务提供商Internet service provider信息网络Information networks环境术语Environmental terminology电子信息网络Electronic information network广域网Wide area network因特网Internet万维网World Wide Web主页Homepage超文本Hypertext公告牌系统Bulletin board system新闻组Newsgroup邮寄清单Mailing list电子函件Electronic mail信息技术Information technology多媒体技术Multimedia technology遥感中心Remote sensing centre地理信息系统实验室GIS laboratory环境意识Environmental awareness公共信息Public information新闻发布Press release视听演示Audio-visual presentation信息工具包Information kit录象Video展示Exhibit照片Photograph新闻通讯Newsletter广播节目Radio programme电视节目Television programme环境教育Environmental education环境培训Environmental training公共关系Public relations联络渠道Communication channels信息系统Information systems文献目录信息系统Bibliographic information system文献目录信息Bibliographic information技术信息Technical information本地知识Indigenous knowledge信息查询系统Referral information system供查询的信息Referral information统计信息系统Statistical information system统计信息Statistical information术语Terminology同义词Thesaurus分类Classification图书馆服务Library services查阅服务Reference service文件编索引Indexing of document文件出错document lending图书馆之间的借贷Inter-library loan信息的选择性传播Selective dissemination of information 光盘只读存储查询服务CD-ROM search service因特网查询服务Internet search service信息服务Information services在线服务On-line services信息交流中心Information clearing-house数据处理Data processing数据收集Data collection数据记录技术Data recording techniques信息处理Information processing专家系统Expert system决策支持系统Decision-support system软件开发Software development数据库Database相关数据库Relational database信息交换Information exchange与地学有关的信息Geo-referenced information遥感Remote sensing多谱线扫描器Multispectral scanner分辨率Resolution像素Pixel谱带Spectral bands红外线Infrared紫外线Ultraviolet雷达Radar轨迹Path景物确认Scene identification图象处理数字系统Image processing digital systems数字图象处理技术Digital image processing techniques 图象识别Pattern recognition镶嵌图案Mosaics图象滤光Image filtering图象增强Image enhancement几何修正Geometric corrections影像配准Image registration图象分类Image classification受监视的图象分类Supervised image classification未被监视的图象分类Unsupervised image classification 彩色组成Colour composition大气修正Atmospheric corrections地理信息系统Geographic information systems地理信息系统的数字系统GIS digital systems地理信息系统的数字格式GIS digital formats矢量Vector点Point线Lines多边形Polygons光栅Raster属性Attributes地理信息系统的数字技术GIS digital techniques内插Interpolation布网格Gridding光栅到矢量Raster to vector矢量到光栅Vector to raster边界Boundaries国家边界National boundaries次国家边界Sub-national boundaries行政边界Administrative boundaries与地理相关的数据Geo-referenced data地理投影Geographical projections坐标系统Coordinate system纬度Latitude经度Longitude19、联合国United Nations政府间的Intergovernmental政府的Governmental工业的或商业的Industrial or commercial非政府组织Non-governmental organization专业团体Professional society学术的Academic进入术语Terms of access协商费用Charges negotiable按回收成本为基础Cost recovery basis固定的收费时间表Fixed schedule of charges一般情况下免费Normally without charge在交换的基础上On exchange basis20、学科SUBJECT DISCIPLINES科目Subjects 声学Acoustics农业生态学Agricultural ecology 农业经济学Agricultural economics农业工程Agricultural engineering 农业林学Agroforestry分析化学Analytical chemistry 动物生态学Animal ecology动物遗传学Animal genetics 畜牧学Animal husbandry动物生理学Animal physiology 建筑学Architecture大气物理学Atmospheric physics 细菌学Bacteriology生物化学Biochemistry 生物气候学Bioclimatology生物地球化学Biogeochemistry 生物学Biology植物学Botany 心脏病学Cardiology制图学Cartography 化学工程Chemical engineering化学海洋学Chemical oceanography 土木工程Civil engineering气候学Climatology 细胞学Cytology电气工程Electrical engineering 内分泌学Endocrinology流行病学Epidemiology 河口生物学Estuarine biology河口海洋学Estuarine oceanography 食品科学Food science林学Forestry 淡水生物学Freshwater biology遗传工程学Genetic engineering 遗传学Genetics地质学Geology 地貌学Geomorphology地球物理学Geophysics 工艺地质学Geotechnology冰川学Glaciology 血液学Haematology园艺学Horticulture 人体生物学Human biology人体生理学Human physiology 水文地理学Hydrography水文学Hydrology 溶液培养学Hydroponics免疫学Immunology 无机化学Inorganic chemistry湖沼学，淡水生物学Limnology 海洋生物学Marine biology船舶工程Marine engineering 海洋地质学Marine geology材料科学Materials science 机械工程学Mechanical engineering 气象学Meteorology 微生物学Microbiology微气候学Microclimatology 采矿工程Mining engineering。
日常生活常用英文单词--学科
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。
托福地理分类单词
hive homotherm hormonal system hormone horn hump ingestion insect insecticide invertebrate jellyfish larva lizard lobster mammal mantis marine biology mate metamorphosis microbe migrate migratory molecule mollusk molt monogamous moth multiply mutation natural selection nerve nest nit offspring omnivorous order organ Ornithology otter owl oyster paleontologist paleontology parasite peck penguin perch pest pesticide
adaptation adder alligator amphibian anatomy ancestry antenna/antennae anthropoid aquarium aquatic arachnid armor artery asymmetric auk baboon bacteria balance bat beak beast beaver biological vacuum biologist bivalve brant breed buffalo burrow canary carnivore carnivorous caterpillar caviar centipede chameleon chimpanzee chipmunk chirp cicada circulatiry system clam claw cobra cockroach cocoon coelenterate compound eye coral
地理 英文单词
地理英文单词Geography, a subject that encompasses the study of the Earth's surface, features, and inhabitants, plays a pivotal role in shaping our world. From the vast oceans that cover more than 70% of the planet to the diverse landforms and climates that support a range of ecosystems, geography isnot just a science; it's a lens through which we understand the interconnectedness of all life.In English, the word "geography" originates from the Greek words "geo" meaning "earth" and "graphy" meaning "writing" or "description." This combination reflects the discipline's objective: to describe, map, and understandthe Earth's surface and its features. Geography, therefore, is not just about the physical world; it also encompassesthe cultural, economic, and political aspects of human life. The influence of geography on our daily lives is profound. For instance, the climate of a region determines the types of crops that can be grown, thus shaping thelocal cuisine. The layout of landforms, such as mountains and rivers, influences the patterns of human settlement and transportation. Even the distribution of natural resourceslike oil or minerals can significantly impact a country's economy and politics.Moreover, geography plays a crucial role in global interactions. Trade routes, for instance, have historically been shaped by the geography of the land and sea. The ease with which goods and ideas can flow between regions has a direct impact on economic growth and cultural exchange. In the modern era, the rise of globalization has further emphasized the importance of geography in connecting people and places.Geography also has a profound impact on our understanding of the world. It helps us appreciate the diversity of human experience and the interconnectedness of all life. By studying geography, we gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by different regions and cultures. This, in turn, fosters a more inclusive and empathetic worldview.In conclusion, geography is not just a science; it's a fundamental part of our human experience. It shapes our environments, influences our cultures, and connects us to the world. As we continue to explore and understand thecomplexities of our planet, the role of geography in our lives will become increasingly important.**地理与我们的生活：多语言探索**地理，作为研究地球表面特征及其居民的学科，在塑造我们的世界中起着至关重要的作用。
100个g开头的常用英文单词
1.Galaxy -星系2.Gallery -画廊3.Game -游戏4.Gap -缺口5.Garage -车库6.Garden -花园7.Garlic -大蒜8.Gather -聚集9.Gear -齿轮10.Gender -性别11.General -将军，一般的12.Generate -产生13.Generation -一代14.Generous -慷慨的15.Genesis -起源16.Genetic -遗传的17.Genius -天才18.Gentle -温柔的19.Genuine -真实的20.Geography -地理21.Geometry -几何22.Germ -细菌23.Gesture -手势24.Get -获取25.Ghost -幽灵26.Giant -巨人27.Gift -礼物28.Giggle -咯咯笑29.Ginger -姜30.Girl -女孩31.Give -给予32.Glacier -冰川33.Glad -高兴的34.Glamour -魅力35.Glass -玻璃36.Glaze -上釉37.Gleam -闪烁38.Glee -欢乐39.Glide -滑行40.Glimpse -一瞥41.Global -全球的42.Globe -地球仪43.Glory -荣耀44.Glossary -术语表45.Glow -发光46.Glue -胶水47.Goal -目标48.Goat -山羊49.Goddess -女神50.Gold -黄金51.Golf -高尔夫52.Good -好的53.Gorgeous -华丽的54.Gospel -福音55.Gossip -闲话56.Grace -优雅57.Graduate -毕业生58.Graffiti -涂鸦59.Grain -谷物60.Grand -宏伟的61.Granite -花岗岩62.Grant -授予63.Graphic -图形的64.Grass -草地65.Grateful -感激的66.Gratify -使满足67.Gravity -重力68.Gray -灰色69.Grease -油脂70.Great -伟大的71.Green -绿色72.Greet -迎接73.Grid -网格74.Grief -悲伤75.Grill -烧烤76.Grimace -鬼脸77.Grin -咧嘴笑78.Grind -磨碎79.Grip -抓紧80.Grizzly -灰熊81.Groove -凹槽82.Gross -总的，恶心的83.Ground -地面84.Group -群体85.Grove -小树林86.Grow -生长87.Growth -生长，增长88.Grumble -抱怨89.Guarantee -保证90.Guard -守卫91.Guess -猜测92.Guide -指南，引导93.Guild -行会94.Guilt -内疚95.Gull -海鸥96.Gum -口香糖，树胶97.Gun -枪98.Gust -一阵风99.Gutter -排水沟100.Gym -健身房。
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地理单词
自然景点
Asia亚洲
The Himalayas喜马拉雅山
Great Wall,Chi na 中国长城
Forbidden City,Beiji ng,Chi na 北京故宫
Mou nt Fuji,Japa n 日本富士山
Taj Mahal,lndia印度泰姬陵
An gkor Wat,Cambodia柬埔寨吴哥窟
Bali,I ndon esia印度尼西亚巴厘岛
Borobudur,Indonesia印度尼西亚波罗浮屠
Sen tosa,Si ngapore新加坡圣淘沙
Crocodile Farm,Thaila nd 泰国北榄鳄鱼湖
Pattaya Beach,Thaila nd泰国芭堤雅海滩
Babylo n,lraq伊拉克巴比伦遗迹
Mosque of St,Sophia in Ista nbul (Co nsta nti nople),Turke y 土耳其圣索非亚教堂 Mou nt Fuji,Japa n 日本富士山
Taj Mahal,India印度泰姬陵
An gkor Wat,Cambodia柬埔寨吴哥窟
Bali,I ndon esia印度尼西亚巴厘岛
Borobudur,Indonesia印度尼西亚波罗浮屠
Sen tosa,Si ngapore新加坡圣淘沙
Babylo n,lraq伊拉克巴比伦遗迹
Africa非洲
Suez Can al,Egyp埃及苏伊士运河
Aswan High Dam,Egypt埃及阿斯旺水坝
Pyramids,Egypt埃及金字塔
The Nile,Egypt埃及尼罗河
Nairobi Natio nal Park,Ke nya肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园
Cape of Good Hope,South Africa 南非好望角
Sahara Desert撒哈拉大沙漠
Ocea nia大洋洲
Great Barrier Reef,Australia 澳大利亚大堡礁
Syd ney Opera House,Australia澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院
Ayers Rock,Australia澳大利亚艾尔斯巨石
Mou nt Cook,New Zeala nd 新西兰库克山
Europe欧洲
Notre Dame de Paris,Fra nee 法国巴黎圣母院
Effiel Tower,Fra nee法国艾菲尔铁塔
Arch of Triumph,Fra nee 法国凯旋门
Elysee Palace,Fra nee法国爱丽舍宫
Louvre,Fra nee法国卢浮宫
Koi ner Dom,Kol n,Germa ny 德国科隆大教堂
Lea ning Tower of Pisa,ltaly 意大利比萨斜塔
Colosseum in Rome,ltaly意大利古罗马圆形剧场
Ven ice,Italy意大利威尼斯
Parthe non ,Greece希腊巴台农神庙
Red Square in Moscow,Russia莫斯科红场
Big Ben in Lon do n,E ngla nd 英国伦敦大笨钟
Buck in gham Palace,E ngla nd 白金汉宫
Hyde Park,E ngla nd英国海德公园
London Tower Bridge,E ngla nd 伦敦塔桥
Westmi nster Abbey,E ngla nd威斯敏斯特大教堂
Mo nte Carlo,Mo naco摩洛哥蒙特卡罗
The Mediterra nean 地中海
Mosque of St,Sophia in Ista nbul (Co nsta ntin ople) Turkey 土耳其圣索非亚教堂
Notre Dame de Paris,Fra nee 法国巴黎圣母院
Effiel Tower,Fra nee法国艾菲尔铁塔
Arch of Triumph,Fra nee 法国凯旋门
Elysee Palace,Fra nee法国爱丽舍宫
Louvre,Fra nee法国卢浮宫
Kol ner Dom,Kol n,Germa ny 德国科隆大教堂
Lea ning Tower of Pisa,ltaly 意大利比萨斜塔
Colosseum in Rome,ltaly意大利古罗马圆形剧场
Parthe non ,Greece希腊巴台农神庙
Red Square in Moscow,Russiaf我罗斯莫斯科红场
Big Ben in Lon do n,E ngla nd 英国伦敦大本钟
Bucki ngham Palace,E ngla nd英国白金汉宫
Hyde Park,E ngla nd英国海德公园
Lon don Tower Bridge,E ngla nd 英国伦敦塔桥
Westmi nster Abbey,E ngla nd英国威斯敏斯特大教堂
The Mediterra nean 地中海
America 美洲
Niagara Falls,USA美国尼亚加拉大瀑布
Hon olulu,Hawaii,USA美国夏威夷檀香山
Pan ama Ca nal巴拿马运河
Yellowsto ne Natio nal Park,USA 美国黄石国家公园
Metropolita n Museum of Art,New York City,USA 美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆 Statue of Liberty,New York City,USA美国纽约自由女神像
Times Square,New York City,USA美国纽约时代广场
The White House,Washi ngton DC.,USA美国华盛顿白宫
World Trade Ce nter,New York City,USA美国纽约世界贸易中心 Cen tral Park,New York City,USA美国纽约中央公园 Hollywood,California,USA美国加利佛尼亚好莱坞 Dis neyla nd,California,USA加利佛尼亚迪斯尼乐园Las Vegas,Nevada,USA美国内华达拉斯威加斯
Niagara Falls,New York State,USA美国尼亚加拉大瀑布
Bermuda百慕大
Hon olulu,Hawaii,USA美国夏威夷火奴鲁鲁
Pan ama Ca nal巴拿马大运河
Yellowsto ne Natio nal Park,USA 美国黄石国家公园 Statue of
Liberty,New York City,USA美国纽约自由女神像 Times Square,New York City,USA美国纽约时代广场 The White House,Washi ngton DC.,USA美国华盛顿白宫 World Trade Ce nter,New York City,USA美国纽约世界贸易中心Cen tral Park,New York City,USA美国纽约中央公园 Yosemite Natio nal Park,USA美国尤塞米提国家公园 Grand Can yo n,Arizo na,USA美国亚利桑那州大峡谷 Hollywood,California,USA美国加利佛尼亚好莱坞 Dis neyla nd,California,USA加利佛尼亚迪斯尼乐园 Las Vegas,Nevada,USA美国内华达拉斯威加斯 Miami,Florida,USA美国佛罗里达迈阿密
Metropolita n Museum of Art,New York City,USA 纽约大都会艺术博物馆Acapulco,Mexico墨西哥阿卡普尔科
Cuzco,Mexico墨西哥库斯科
火山
rift zone断裂区 solidification 凝固 solidify （使）凝固，巩固 dormant volcano 休眠火山active volcano 活火山 extinet volcano 死火山composite volcano 复式火山 shield volcano 盾状火山 Volcanic Explosivity Index 火山爆发指数（VE D bomb火山弹 ash火山灰 block火山块 the eruption of volcano 火山爆发 accumulatio n积聚，堆积物 Archea n ［地质］太古代的asce nding上升的，向上的 ash particle灰烬微粒 basaltic lava玄武岩火山石 bas in-shaped 盆状的
blast? 一股（气流），爆炸，冲击波
bowl-sh aped crater 碗型的火山口 caldera喷火山口，凹陷处
cin der co ne火山渣形成的圆锥体
congeal （使）冻结，（使）凝结
conical hill圆锥型的小山 coulee深谷，熔岩流 devastate 毁坏
dike堤防
dissolved gases稀释的气体
Earth's crust 地壳 geothermic 地热的 ejected materiaI喷射出来的物质emission （光、热等的）散发，发射，喷射 erosio n腐蚀，侵蚀
formation of cone 火山口的形成 exhume掘出，发射 fannning铺开，展开
lapilli火山砾 lahar火山泥流 tephra火山喷发碎屑 pyroclastic flow 火山碎
屑流 scoria火山渣 fissure裂缝，裂沟 flank侧面。