考研英语长难句-刘晓艳

例1（2009年英译汉）Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association under which the world’s work is carried on receives little attention as compared with physical output.

【成分】Even today, in our industrial life, apart from certain values of industriousness状语and thrift,状语theintellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association主语under which the world’s work is carried on定语从句receives谓语little attention宾语as compared with physical output.分词作状语

【析句】这句话开头是两个介词短语做状语，第一个介词短语是in our industrial life, 第二个介词短语是apart from certain values of industriousness and thrift, 句子的主干的主语是the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association，后面是个定语从句under which the world’s work is carried on修饰前面的主语，动词是receives，宾语是little attention，后面是分词状语as compared with physical output，修饰整个句子。

【翻译】即使今日，在工业化生活中，与其他的物质产出相比，某些勤俭的价值观以及各种人们交往的知识和情感反应几乎没有受到关注，而在这些交往之中世人的活动才得以延续。【讲词】

in our industrial life在工业化生活中

certain values of industriousness and thrift某些勤俭的价值观

the intellectual and emotional reaction of the forms of human association各种人们交往的知识和情感反应

receive little attention几乎没有受到关注

as compared with physical output与其他的物质产出相比

例2(2008年阅读理解)Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.

【成分】Other models主语exist谓语that are hybrids of these three,定语从句such as delayed open access,介词短语where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months,定语从句before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it.分词作状语

【析句】主干是Other models exist，定语从句是that are hybrids of these three, 修饰主语，倒装到了句子后面，后面是介词短语举例子，也就是such as delayed open access, 后面是定语从句where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, 后面是分词状语before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it，修饰前面的定语从句。

【翻译】此外，存在由这三种模式结合的其他模式，例如延迟开放获取模式，即期刊仅允许订阅者阅读，期限六个月，然后就公之于众，所有人都可以免费使用。

【讲词】

other models其他模式

hybrids of these three由这三种模式结合

delayed open access延迟开放获取模式

subscribers订阅者

freely available免费使用

例3（2003年阅读理解）To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.

【成分】To those介词短语who are unaware定语从句that animal research was needed to produce宾语从句these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines,宾语从句animal research主语seems系动词wasteful at best and cruel at worst.表语

【析句】开头是个介词短语to those，后面是定语从句，定语从句的主语是who，动词是are unaware，后面是宾语从句that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, 句子真正的主干是animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst。

【翻译】对于那些不知道做这些医疗、研究新的治疗方法和疫苗就需要进行动物研究的人来说，动物研究说的最好听是浪费，说得最难听是残忍。

【讲词】

unaware不知道

animal research动物研究

produce these treatments进行这些治疗

vaccines疫苗

wasteful at best and cruel at worst说得最好听是浪费，说得最难听是残忍

例4（2001年阅读理解）In other words, there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new.

【成分】In other words,插入语there is谓语 a conventional story line主语in the newsroom culture介词短语作定语that provides a backbone and a ready made narrative structure for otherwise定语从句confusing new.定语从句

【析句】这是个典型的定语从句，句子的主干是there is a conventional story line，后面是介词短语in the newsroom culture做定语，修饰前面的名词，后面是定语从句that provides a backbone and a ready made narrative structure for otherwise confusing new，修饰前面的名词story line。

【翻译】换句话说，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着一套约定俗成的写作模式，为新闻报道提供了主干框架以及可直接套用的叙述结构。若没有这些，新闻内容就会一团混乱，让人摸不着头脑。

【讲词】

conventional story line约定俗成的写作模式

newsroom culture新闻采编室文化

backbone主干框架

ready made narrative structure可直接套用的叙述结构

例5As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back

up earner(usually Mom)who could go into the workplace if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.

【成分】As a result, they主语have lost谓语the parachute宾语they once had in times定语从句of financial setback定语从句—a back up earner(usually Mom)同位语who could go into the 状语从句workplace if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick.状语从句