英语语法专项：虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)
高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习
虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
（1）表示与现在事实相反
If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.
（2）表示与过去事实相反
If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.
（3）表示与将来事实相反
I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.
1. 虚拟条件句的倒装
在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如：Had I been（= If I had been ） in that situation， I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.
Should there be （= If there should be） a drought， what should we do at that time ？
2. 错综时间条件句
有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。例如：
If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，thing s wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
3. 含蓄条件句
有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如：
But for the help from you ， I would not have had the chance to go to college.
二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用
在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。
（一）should类
这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should可以省略。其具体运用体现在：
1. 在suggest ， order， demand ， propose， command， request， desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。
如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once.
The leader ordered that the task（should） be finished as soon as possible.
He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.
2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：The general sent the order that the battle （should）be held on until the complete failure of the enemy.
My proposal is that we（should） set a deadline for handing in the plan.
3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：
It’s requested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.
It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should） be treated immediately. （二）过去时态类
英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。
1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。如：
He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.
I would rather you could teach me again.
2. as if，as though引导的从句。如：
The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.
He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.
3. 由if only （要是……，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。如：
If only I had passed the test！
If only it stopped raining！
4. It is（about/high） time 后的定语从句。如：
It is time we went out for a walk.
It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.
三、虚拟语气的其它用法
在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：
Would you mind smoking here？
May you be lucky！
Long live the people of China！
God save me.
虚拟语气练习题
1．If you ______ the Minister of Education, which subject would you rather have _______ from the College Entrance Examination?
A．are; included B．had been; been excluded
C．were to; include D．were; removed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和动词辨析。句意为：假如你是教育部长，你愿意把哪一科从大学入学考试中删除？第一个空表示对将来的假设，be动词应该用were的虚拟，第二个空remove…from…表示“把……从……中去掉”，故选D。
2．_______ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about computer games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A．If I devoted B．Had I devoted
C．Would I be devoted D．Should I be devoted
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时间错综的虚拟条件句。此处主句用过去完成时，表示与过去的事实相反，如果省略if要用倒装句；从句用would + 动词原形的形式，表示与现在的事实相反。
3．They suggested that the professor ______ just now ______ chairman of the meeting. A．referring to; was made B．referring to; be made
C．referred to; be made D．referred to; was made
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：第一个空是在考查非谓语动词作后置定语修饰the professor，refer to（关系到，涉及到，谈及）与refer to 之间的关系为被动，所以应为referred to. 第二个空是考查重点动词suggest的用法，其后的宾语从句应为虚拟的用法，即should +vt,其中should可省略，所以应为be made，故答案应为C。
考点：考查非谓语动词及重点动词的用法。
4． If John Lennon and Paul McCartney _______ , the pop music of today ________ very different.
A．didn’t meet ; would be
B．hadn’t met; would be
C．didn’t meet ; would have been
D．hadn’t met ; would have been
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。虚拟语气用于状语从句中，与过去事实相反的假设：If + 主语 + had + 过去分词，主句主语 + should/would/could/might have+过去分词，但是虚拟条件句和主句动作若发生的时间的不一致，主句和从句的谓语要根据各自所指的不同时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。题文中的主句有表现在时间的today，所以应该是主句主语+should/ would/could/might+动词原形。句意：如果约翰列侬和保罗麦卡特尼没有相遇，那今天的流行音乐将大有不同。故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气
5．-What life_______be like without cell phones？
-I cannot imagine it！
A．may B．can C．will D．would
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
本题考查含蓄虚拟语气。without cell phones相当于含蓄条件句，主句中用
would/could/should/might加动词原形。
6．—Did you make it at last?
—Yes. But for your help, it________a serious loss.
A．would cause B．must have caused
C．would have caused D．may cause
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。答句第二句为含蓄条件句，but for引出虚拟条件，此处表示对过去情况的虚拟，故句子谓语形式为would/should/could/might have done。根据句意可知选C。
7．（2017•天津）—Do you have Betty’s phone number?
—Yes. Otherwise, I ______able to reach her yesterday.
A．hadn’t been B．wouldn’t have been
C．weren’t D．wouldn’t be
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
试题分析：
【名师点睛】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：--你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？--有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。根据标志词otherwise，相当于一个条件状语从句：If I hadn't have her phone number，即对过去的虚拟的条件状语从句，可以判断出主句用wouldn't have done表示对过去情况的虚拟，故选B。
【点睛】
if的虚拟语气非常重要，首先要熟悉基本用法：1、表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句：If 主语+过去时(be动词用were)；主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do：2、表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句：If主语+had+done；主句：主语+should/ would/ could/ might+have done3、表示对将来情况的主观推测，从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语
+should+do ③if+主语+did（动词过去式）/were ；主句：主语+should /would/ could
/might+do，另外要注意从句也可以省略if，把had，were，should提前。这句话的虚拟语气是根据标志词otherwise和句意推断出主句是对过去的虚拟。
8．It is really strange that the girl so early.
A．has been married B．has married
C．should be married D．would marry
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：真的很奇怪这个女孩这么早结婚。在“It is+形容词+that...”句型中，that从句要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。故选C。
9．The newly elected president required at the meeting that the problem ________ be solved before the National Day.
A．must B．need
C．can D．should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：新当选的总统在会议上要求这个问题在国庆节前必须解决。require 表示“要求”之意时，后面跟宾语从句时，要用虚拟语气should +动词原形，should可以省略。故选D。
【名师解析】should+动词原形的虚拟语气。
在表示“坚持”、“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词主要有：“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四
个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should通常可以省略。如
He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。
He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。
The doctor advised [suggested] that he (should) not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟。
He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出场。
注：这类句子有时可用于被动结构，前面用先行词it作主语，代指后面的从句。如：
It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 有人提议这事下次再讨论。
动词insist后接宾语从句时除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气。两者的区别是若是谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：
He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。
He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。
与动词insist相似，动词suggest后接宾语从句时除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气。两者的区别是，若表示建议时用虚拟语气，此时suggest通常译为“建议”。如果译成“表明，暗示”时，则要用陈述语。比较并体会。
He suggested that we (should) stay for dinner. 他建议我们留下吃饭。
What he said suggested that he was a cheat. 他说的话表明他是个骗子。
10．If you ___________ to my advice carefully, you wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake. A．listened B．have listened
C．would listen D．had listened
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你仔细听我的建议，你就不会犯如此严重的错误了。根据后面you wouldn’t have made such a terrible mistake.可知，表示与过去事实相反的假设，其结构为：从句(If+主语+had+过去分词)，主句(主语+should／would+have+过去分词)。故选D。
11．Were it not for the fact that he ______ his work, he ______ enjoying himself by the seaside. A．completed; wouldn’t have been B．had completed; wouldn’t have been C．has completed; wouldn’t be D．completes; wouldn’t be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是因为他已经完成了工作的事实，他不会到海边放松自己。fact 后是同位语从句，表示动作已经完成用现在完成时。表示与现在事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，故选C.
12．It’s required that t he football match _____ put off ___ the bad weather.
A．be; because of B．would be; due to
C．was; thanks to D．was; owing to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查主语从句中的虚拟语气和介词词组。句意：据要求足球比赛因为坏天气应该被推迟。It’s required that 主语+（should ）+动词原形+---。the football match和put off之间是被动关系，第一空应该是(should ) be ，其中should 可以省略，根据句意可知答案为A。
13．—I’m worried about the sports meet. Do you think it will be postponed?
—If it ______ rain tomorrow, but actually the weather forecast has removed our worry. A．could B．would
C．might D．Should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。从第二句后半句可知，明天不会下雨，因此判断为虚拟语气，而对将来的虚拟应用should + do，故选D。句意，——我很担心明天的运动会，你觉得会被推迟吗？——如果明天下雨的话会，但事实上天气预报已经排除了这一担忧。
考点：考查定虚拟语气
14．This is his only request that the room_______ after being used.
A．be cleaned B．would be cleaned C．is cleaned D．will be cleaned
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
试题分析：考查虚拟语气。本题是一个同位语从句，前面的名称是request，后面的同位语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。句意：使用以后这个房间要被打扫干净，这是他唯一的请求。故A正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气
点评：request/order/demsnd/advice等后面的同位语从句使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。
15．It’s too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I __________that programme! A．didn’t run B．haven’t run
C．hadn’t run D．wouldn’t run
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我的电脑有了新的病毒。要是我没有用那个程序就好了。此处与过去的事实相反，所以用过去完成时态，答案为C。
16．When it comes to death, Vincent Van Gogh ________ by others in that his wou nd didn’t indicate suicide, while Albert Einstein ________ longer but he refused surgery,
A．may have been killed; should have lived
B．should have been killed; should have lived
C．may have been killed; must have lived
D．should have been killed: must have lived
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：谈到死亡，文森特·梵高可能被其他人杀害，因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀，而阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦本应该活得更长，但他拒绝接受手术。A. may have been killed; should have lived可能被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；B. should have been killed; should have lived本应该被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；C. may have been killed; must have lived可能被其他人杀害，一定活了很长；D. should have been killed: must have lived本应该被其他人杀害，一定活了很长。结合句意，may have done 表示对发生过的事
情的推测，should have done 本应该做某事，实际未做，符合句意。故选A项。
17．After inspecting the building, specialists discovered some faults that otherwise ________. A．had been overlooked B．were overlooked
C．would have been overlooked D．would be overlooked
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：在检查了这幢大楼之后，专家们发现了一些本来会忽略的错误。根据语境，该句可以转化成虚拟条件句：If they hadn’t inspected the building，some faults would have been overlooked。该句是对过去的虚拟，主句部分应用would have done 形式，故C选项正确。
18．—Did you enjoy your trip?
—Yes. But for your advice, we __________ our stay in London half as much.
A．didn’t enjoy B．hadn’t enjoyed
C．wouldn’t enjoy D．wouldn’t have enjoyed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——你旅途愉快吗?——是的，要不是你的建议，我们在伦敦的逗留时间不会有那么多。此处是虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，谓语动词用would have+过去分词，But for相当于if虚拟语气的从句部分，此处用否定式，故答案为D。
19．--- Why don't you buy the necklace since you like it so much?
---I___, but I don't have the money
A．would B．will
C．should D．may
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：—既然你如此喜欢这条项链，为什么不把它买下来？—我要买的，但我没有钱。本句是一个表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，will和may不用于虚拟语气，should的意义不搭配。句中would后面承前省略了buy it。故A项正确。
20．The explosion in the chemical plant ______ avoided had the county authorities, aiming too much at short-term interests, performed their duties from the beginning.
A．should be B．might be C．must have been D．could have been 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果县政府从一开始就履行自己的职责而不是过分着眼于短期利益，那么这座化工厂的爆炸本来是可以避免的。分析句子可知，本句是对过去事情的虚拟，if引导的条件句用过去完成时，if省略，句子倒装，所以主句是had the county authorities, aiming too much at short-term interests, performed their duties from the beginning，从句是could have been。故D选项正确。
【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：
分析句子可知，本句是对过去事情的虚拟，if引导的条件句用过去完成时，if省略，句子倒装，所以主句是had the county authorities, aiming too much at short-term interests, performed their duties from the beginning，从句是could have been。故D选项正确。
21．He insisted that I ______ back what I said,but I insisted that my remarks ______ right. A．took; were
B．take; should be
C．should take; be
D．take; were
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查动词用法。句意：他坚持要求我收回说过的话，但是我坚持认为我的话是对的。动词insist表示“坚持认为”的时候，后面宾语从句用陈述语气；当insist表示“坚持要求做某事”的时候，后面的宾语从句使用“（should）+动词原形”的虚拟语气。分析句子, 结合句意可判断第一句中的insist在这里的含义为“坚持要求”, 所以后面用虚拟语气。第二空前的insist表示“坚持认为”，后面接陈述语气。所以选D项。
22．In order to succeed, it is compulsory that you ____work with every fiber of your being. A．might B．should C．could D．must
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：为了成功，你竭尽全力地工作是必须的。此处考查It is +形容词
+that+主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)的虚拟语气，故选B项。
【点睛】
本句考查should在虚拟语气中的使用
It is (was)+形容词（或过去分词）+that…结构中，使用某些表示愿望、建议、请求、命令、可能、适当、较好、迫切、紧近、重要等形容词后的主语从句的谓语用虚拟语气，其表达形式为should ＋动词原形或省略should，直接用动词原形。
例如：
It is necessary that we (should) have a walk now.(necessary, should + have) (表示有需要去散步) It is important that every pupil (should) be able to understand the rule of school.(important, should + be) (表示重要的是学生都能了解校规)
It’s important that we (should) take good care of the patient.(important,should + take) (表示重要的是照顾好病人)
It is essential that these application forms be sent back as early as possible.(essential, should be)这些申请表应尽早地寄回,这是很重要的.
23．To my delight, the students are recycling many things they _______ away in the past. A．were throwing B．will be throwing C．would have thrown D．had thrown
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：让我高兴的是，学生们正在回收很多东西，是他们过去本来会扔掉的。分析句子可知，空格所在句定语从句，是一个隐含的虚拟语气，in the past相当于If they had been in the past，所以句子用虚拟语气，和过去相反用would have done。故选C。
24．Punishments would be severe, ranging from a few years in prison to the death penalty
_______ a person be caught carrying drugs.
A．should B．would C．could D．might
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果发现有人携带毒品，将会受到严厉的惩罚，从几年的监禁到死刑不等。因为与将来事实相反，所以从句用if +主语 + should + do。此处为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs。故选A。
【点睛】
虚拟语气的倒装：当虚拟条件句中含有were，had，should，could等动词时，可以将if省略，然后将were，had，should，could 等词移至句首。本题分析为考查虚拟语气后，先判断与将来事实相反，且主句在前，从句在后。从句为省略if的虚拟语气的倒装，从句should a person be caught carrying drugs = if a person should be caught carrying drugs，从而选出正确的答案。
25．He would have been willing to accompany me________him how important it was to me. A．if I have told B．had I told C．should I tell D．if I could tell
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我告诉他这对我有多重要，他会愿意陪我的。根据主句谓语would have been可知，此处是虚拟语气，这是对过去的虚拟，所以从句谓语用过去完成时（had done），本应该是if I had told him…，然而从句省去if，则要部分倒装，所以是had I told。故选B项。
【点睛】
If条件虚拟语气精要：
1. 与现在事实相反
If +主语+ did/were(从句)，主语+would/should/could/might + do(主句)
2. 与过去事实相反
If +主语+ had done(从句)，主语+would/should/could/might + have done(主句)
3. 与将来事实相反
If +主语+ did/were to/should + do(从句)，主语+would/should/could/might + do(主句)
4. If条件虚拟句，如省略If，从句要主谓部分倒装。
在本题中，句子与过去事实相反，所以从句应用if I had told him；又因从句省去if，则要部分倒装，故用had I told。
26．Would you rather I _____ buying a new bike?
A．decided against B．will decide against
C．have decided D．shall decide against
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：你希望我决定不买新自行车吗？would rather后接宾语从句表示愿望时，从句常用一般过去式(动词be用were)表示对现在或知将来的愿望的虚拟，that常被省略。分析句子可知，句子是对现在的虚拟，要用一般过去时态；decide against意为“决定不做……”。故选A。
【点睛】
would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：
1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。
I'd rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。
I'd rather Jack left on an earlier train. 我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。
2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。
分析本句可知，would rather后接宾语从句表示愿望时，从句常用一般过去式(动词be用were)表示对现在或知将来的愿望的虚拟，that常被省略。分析句子可知，句子是对现在的虚拟，要用一般过去时态；decide against意为“决定不……”。故选A。
27．You are always sleeping in class. I'd rather you__________my class.
A．are not attending B．were not attending C．won't attend D．not attend
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：你总是在课堂上睡觉。我宁愿你没来听我的课。would rather后接从句时，从句谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示“现在或将来的愿望”时通常使用一般过去时态，结合语境和选项，只有B项符合，选B。
28．Li Ling acted in the party that way as if he__________the host.
A．had been B．is C．should be D．were
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查as if从句虚拟语气的用法。句意：李岭在晚会上那样表现就好像他是主人一样。分析句子成分可知，“as if he__________the host”为方式状语从句，根据语境，“他是主人”为客观事实相反的假设，谓语动词用一般过去时，如遇系动词则用were，故选D。
29．The man insisted that he ________ the money and that he ________ set free right away. A．hadn’t stolen; was B．hadn’t stolen; be C．not steal; be D．shouldn’t steal; was 【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：这名男子坚称他没有偷钱，并坚持要求他立即被释放。insist 后接宾语从句的用法：insist表示“坚持说，坚持认为”时，根据一般宾语从句的规则，insist 用一般过去时，从句中动词用与过去相关的时态；insist表示“坚持要求”时，用虚拟语气，从句中的动词用“should + do ”，should可以省略。本题第一空是他“坚持说”，并且主句动词insist是一般过去时，从句谓语动词steal发生在主句谓语动词insist之前，从句谓语用过去完成时（had done），第二空表示“坚持要求”，所以从句中的动词用“(should) + do”，he和set free是被动关系，是被动语态（be done）。故选B项。
30．I wouldn’t have punched him if it ________ for the fact that he ________ to apologize to me yesterday.
A．were not; refused B．were not; had refused
C．had not been; refused D．had not been; had refused
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：如果不是昨天他拒绝向我道歉这个事实的话，我就不会揍他。第一空是过去完成时态，表示与过去的事实相反；第二空陈述过去一个事实，用一般过去时态。故选C。
(英语)英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案及解析
（英语）英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案及解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I______ you, I would take a small present.. A．am B．was C．were D．are 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果我我你，我会那个小的礼物。句中用虚拟语气，系动词用were，故选C。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 【答案】C 【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C 4． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。 考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。 点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一种是虚拟的条件句，if后用过去时，be用were，在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。
虚拟语气详解及练习附答案
虚拟语气详解及练习附答案 虚拟语气 1）概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 2）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 1 真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。 时态关系 句型：条件从句主句 一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题 The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。 注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而
直接用一般现在时的动词形式。 2 非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。 a.同现在事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。 句型：条件从句主句 过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it. 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress. 含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c.表示对将来的假想 句型：条件从句主句 一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案
英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案 英语语法——虚拟语气的常见类型及用法专项练习含答案 No.1 虚拟语气的常见类型和句型 (1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气 A.用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。 B.用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。 C.wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it. ---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.” ---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.” I wish that he weren’t so lazy. (2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。 His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later. (3)would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如： I’d rather yo u posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。 I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
英语英语虚拟语气专项训练100附答案
〔英语〕英语虚拟语气专项训练100( 附答案 ) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．If I you, I’ d take a small present for her. A． am B． is C． was D．were 【答案】D 【解析】 分析：虚气是一种特殊的形式，用来表示人所的并不是事，而是 一种假、愿望、疑或推。其主要有三种构：1、与在事相反：假设与在事相 反，条件从句的用去式〔be通常用were 〕，主句用“should 〔 would,could, might 〕 +原形〞 2 、与去事相反：假设与去事相反，条件从句的用去完成 〔 had+去分〕，主句用“should〔would, could, might〕+have+去分〞。 3、与将来事相反：假设与将来事相反，条件从句的用去式〔be 通常用were〕，主句用“should〔would, could, might 〕 +原形〞。句意：如果我是你，我会她一 件小礼物。合境可知本句描述的是与在相反的事，故D。 考点：考虚气。 2．The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had to do that. A． be given B． being given C．will be to give D ．were given 【答案】A 【解析】句意：工人持要求他每天中午都有免的午餐，老板必做。考虚 气。insist持，要求，其后面的从句要用虚气，跟虚式原形或者“ should + 原形〞。合句意和境可知A。 3．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do, A． not have B． have not C． not D．not having 【答案】 A 【解析】 句意“你本不看足球比，你有多的工作要做〞。本考虚气， shouldn't have done 本不做⋯⋯却 做了。根据句意，故 A。 4． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D． is , will tell 【答案】 B 【解析】 分析：本的含是如果我是你，我将告他真相，本if引的是一个虚的条 件句，在虚句中，be用were ，主句通常用去的一种，will用would ，故本 B。
(英语)英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案含解析
（英语）英语虚拟语气专项训练及答案含解析 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．I wish I ____fly to the moon one day A．can B．could C．am D．was 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我希望有一天我能飞到月球。通过对这句话的理解我们可以知道这是一个几乎不可能实现的愿望，故在wish 后面的宾语从句中应用虚拟语气，所以用过去时态。故选B。 考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up. A．should have arrived B．should arrive C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：怀特先生本来应该在8：30到会，但他却没有出现。should have done：本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A 考点：情态动词 3．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。 考点：if引导的条件状语从句 点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。 1、与现在事实相反 若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反 若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”
虚拟语气的用法及练习（附答案）
虚拟语气的用法及练习（附答案） 虚拟语气练习题一 1.I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I _____ the book from which it was made. A. have read B. had read C. should have read D. are reading 2.You are late. If you _____ a few minutes earlier, you _____ him. A. come; would meet B. had come; would have met C. come; will meet D. had come; would meet 3.The two students talked as if they _____ friends for years. A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been 4.It is important that I _____ with Mr. Williams immediately. A. speak B. Spoke C. will speak D. to speak 5.He looked as if he _____ ill for a long time. A. was B. Were C. has been D. had been 6.If the doctor had come earlier, the poor child would not
_____. A. have laid there for two hours B. have been lied there for two hours C. have lied there for two hours D. have lain there for two hours 7.I wish that I _____ with you last night. A. went B. could go C. have gone D. could have gone 8.Let’s say you could go t here again, how _____ feel? A. will you B. should you C. would you D. do you 9.I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he _____ everything. A. knew B. Knows C. has known D. had known 10._____ the fog, we should have reached our school. A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. But for 11.If you had told me in advance, I _____ him at the airport. A. would meet B. would had met C. would have met
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