腹膜和腹膜腔解剖

胃结肠韧带:Fra Baidu bibliotek
自胃大弯和十二指 肠上部至横结肠之间的 大网膜前两层形成胃结 肠韧带。内含胃网膜左、 右血管、胃网膜左、右 淋巴结等。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
2.大网膜 greater omentum
形似围裙覆盖 在空、回肠和横结 肠的前面，左缘与 胃脾韧带相连续。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
临床意义：
网膜囊位置较深， 胃后壁穿孔或某些炎 症导至网膜囊内积液， 早期常局限在囊内， 给诊断带来一定困难。
为从肝门连至胃小 弯和十二指肠上部的双 层腹膜皱襞。又分为：
肝胃韧带
肝十二指肠韧带
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
3.网膜孔和网膜囊
网膜孔：
位于小网膜游离缘 后方，可容1~2指，经 网膜孔可进入胃后面的 网膜囊。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
与胃相连的腹膜 皱襞，有：
小网膜
大网膜
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
1.小网膜 lesser omentum
一、腹膜腔的概念
腹膜腔为壁腹膜 和脏腹膜之间的潜在 腔隙，内有少量 （100~200ml）浆液。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
左侧界: 脾、胃脾韧带、脾肾韧带。 右侧界：借网膜孔通腹膜腔的其余部分。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
前壁： 小网膜、胃后壁的
腹膜和胃结肠韧带。 后壁：
横结肠及其系膜以 及覆盖胰、左肾、左肾 上腺等处的腹膜。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
腹膜和腹膜腔
内容： 一、腹膜腔的概念 二、腹膜形成的结构 三、腹膜间隙
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
男性腹膜腔是密 闭的，女性腹膜腔间 接通外界（经输卵管 腹腔口、输卵管、子 宫、阴道与外界相 通）。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
后界： 下腔静脉表面的腹膜
上界： 肝尾叶
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
网膜囊 omental bursa
二、腹膜形成的结构
网膜 系膜 韧带 皱襞 陷窝、陷凹
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
（一）网膜 omentum
周界 ：
上界： 肝尾叶和膈下面的腹膜。 下界： 大网膜前、后层的愈着处。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
网膜孔的周界 ：
前界： 肝十二指肠韧带
下界： 十二指肠上部
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG
（又称小腹膜腔） 位于小网膜和胃后
壁与腹后壁的腹膜之间的 一个扁窄间隙，网膜囊以 外的腹膜腔称大腹膜腔。
January, 2007
Copyright© Depart. Anatomy, School of Medicine, Lanzhou University. All right reserved by YP HOU and YF SONG