2020本科英语专业毕业论文开题报告范文
英语专业开题报告
英语专业开题报告英语专业开题报告难忘的大学生活即将结束，大家马上就要开始最难熬的毕业设计阶段，一般做毕业设计前都会要求先写开题报告，那么大家知道正规的开题报告怎么写吗？以下是小编精心整理的英语专业开题报告，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
英语专业开题报告1With the changing society,people have a view of things may have diametrically opposite point of view,how is the color of the word has become more authoritative to be a problem;how to get people to attach importance to the implied meaning of color words which may lead to cultural conflict is also a problem.As the color words in real life,the widely used,it is difficult in a paper summarizing,so how to form the color words of the formation of an effective system is a difficult.Possible problems also contain: (1) Limited availability of helpful data,especially the books or articles written by the native scholars;(2) Difficulty in the presentation of insightful ideas and the attainment in originality due to lack of the knowledge related.英语专业开题报告2开题报告是提高选题质量和水平的重要环节，是当学生确定毕业论文选瓜方向后，在调查研究墓础上撰写的报请学校批准的选题计划.它主要说明这个课压为何应该进行研究，自己拥有何种条件进行研究以及准备如何开展研究等问题，也可以说是对课题的论证和设计.指导教师应该认真引导学生写好开瓜报告，向学生阐述撰写开题报告的重要意义，并通过开月报告对学生的整个论文情况进行宏观的把握.那么如何指导英语专业学生写好开理报告，我将结合自己的教学实践谈谈自己的体会。
英语本科毕业论文开题报告模板
论⽂题⽬：The Cultural Differences of Animal Words in English and Chinese ⼀.国内外研究现状述评(⽂献综述) 英汉习语中有许多和动物息息相关，但由于两个国家间的⽂化历史地域宗教信仰等的差异，其中不同的动物习语在两个国家中往往含有不同的意义。
⼈们常赋与动物词汇⼀定的⽂化内涵,表达⼈们的情感。
动物词汇作为⽂化的载体,记载着⼈类⽂明发展的进程。
但不同的社会背景和不同的民族⽂化对中英动物词汇的差异有很⼤的影响。
动物对⼈类的⽣存和发展产⽣深刻的影响,常常被⼈们⽤来寄托和表达感情,赋有⼀定的⽂化内涵。
由于历史发展的相似性和⼈类认知⼼理的趋同性,中西⽅对某种动物的突出特征往往有着惊⼈的共识,从⽽对⼀些动物产⽣相同或相似的联想,在翻译上也是相同的。
廖光蓉在《外国语研究》中提出动物词产⽣⽂化意义的基础有三点:⼀是动物的外貌、⽣理、⼼理、性格、⾏为、习惯、作⽤等特征;⼆是民族的⽂化内容、⽂化传统和⽂化⼼理,包括神话、宗教、传说、历史、⽂学、艺术、语⾔、地理环境、风俗习惯、伦理道德、思维⽅式等;三是联想, 联想是指把动物和另⼀事物联系起来,⽽民族的⽂化传统，特别是⽂化⼼理对于联想的产⽣起着潜在然⽽也是重要的激发和引导作⽤。
例如：在英汉两种语⾔中狐狸都有狡猾之意。
例如:He is an old fox.指的是He is ascunning as a fox.汉语中我们也有“他是只狡猾的狐狸”这样的说法;但也会出现同⼀种动物却⼜不同⽂化意义的现象，⽐如“dragon”在中国“龙”是⼀种象征王权，正义的动物，在西⽅国家龙却是⼀种象征邪恶的动物。
由此可见，动物词汇毫⽆疑问也可被视作⽂化的⼀扇窗户，透过这扇窗户，这些⽂化差异，⽂化共性，⽂化内涵以及⽂化多样性也会变得⼀⽬了然。
因此，通过对动物词汇⽂化内涵的研究，⼈们可以对⽂化间的个性与共性有更深⼊的了解，从⽽才能避免滥⽤和误⽤动物词汇的内涵意义，减少⽂化冲突发⽣。
最新英语专业本科毕业论文开题报告（翻译方向）
最新英语专业本科毕业论文开题报告（翻译方向）How to Deal with Ellipsis in English-Chinese TranslationI. Purpose and SignificanceWith the development of globalization, the world’s political, economic and cultural communications are becoming increasingly frequent. Therefore, the role of translation cannot be ignored. However, the differences between English and Chinese cultures that are reflected in the two languages pose considerable difficulty.It is acknowledged that when doing translation one can not translate word for word, or sentence by sentence. Therefore, we must use some translation strategies such as amplification, ellipsis, conversion and so on. Ellipsis as one of the basic translation methods plays an essential role in English-Chinese rendition. Translators apply it in order to make their versions more coherent and understandable.According to the Oxford Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary, ellipsis means leaving out a word or words from a sentence deliberately, when the meaning can be understood without them. Ellipsis in translation does not mean cutting some content from the original articles. What could be omitted are words that are useless in translated works or else they will make the versions redundant or disobey the manner of expression in another language.Some words and phrases are useless in Chinese but necessary in English. Articles in English are the most significant phenomenon from this aspect. They are very important in English, but we can hardly see any reflection of this part in Chinese. Ellipsis is designed on the basis of faithfulness to the original text,making it more fluent, smooth, concise, thus conforming to idiomatic Chinese. The paper will explore ellipsis in English-Chinese translation from five aspects, which are ellipses of pronouns, conjunctions, articles, prepositions, modifications, so as to achieve smoother and clearer communications among China and English-speaking countries.II. Literature ReviewLong befo re, some people began to learn other countries’ languages to understand others cultures. In China, Xuanzang was the first translator who not only translated the Sanskrit sutras into Chinese, but introduced the first Chinese writings to foreign countries, m aking foreigners understand China’s ancient culture. Meanwhile, he was the first to translate Lao Tse's works into Sanskrit. Indian scholars had a high opinion of Xuanzang, "In China, there is no such great translator, and also in the human cultural history, we can only say that Xuanzang is the first great translator."(Ye Lang, 2008) We can say that it was Xuanzang who motivated people to know the different parts of the world, their cultures and the peoples who live there. Then, some big countries such as America, China, and so on became a melting pot.(Gu Zhengkun, 2000) People have imperceptibly spent thousands of years in knowing each other.With China’s entry into WTO and its open-up policy, cross-cultural exchanges are increasingly frequent between this country and others. A lot of foreign tourists come to visit China. While traveling, these foreigners are not satisfied with the translations of the scenic spots. Sometimes, they even feel confused. A lot of problems exist in the translation, such as misuse of words, poor expression of meaning and so on. All of these poor translations do harm to our country’s internationalimage, and cause a lot of inconveniences for the foreign visitors. (Ma Zuyi, 2000). I am fond of tourism and being a free tourist like the others who are good at enjoying their wonderful lives. The love of tourism makes me feel the need to improve the translation. But every time when I have a trip, many unsuitable translations of the names of those scenic spots will embarrass me. Tourism is part of intercultural communication, so proper translation of the scenic spots become more and more important to our country.Communication plays a significant role in the globalized society. In order to know each other better, people from all over the world have tried a verity of ways. Of course, translation is one of them. All translators have done their best to make the translated works more consistent with the needs of people.(Gu Jinming, 1997) From my perspective, they really have done a great job. And I want to retrospect the cause of their development. After a thorough evaluation, I choose a branch of translation—ellipsis in translation from English to Chinese, then I did the following jobs.I put all my researches and other stuffs together, and then I found that it is a common case in English and Chinese which draws much academic interest. In 1976, Halliday and Hsan classified ellipsis into nominal, verbal and clausal ellipsis. This classification exerts great influence in academic circle. Thereafter, ellipsis in Chinese and English has been studied according to this theory, which is based on different layers of structure. This kind of study underlines differentiations and similarities of ellipsis in Chinese and English.Another famous theory to explain ellipsis is Economy Principle. Economy Principle was put forward by Chomsky(1991,1993, and 1995) in his Generate Crammer. It maintains that language and linguistic study follow Economy Principle, which means using the least effort to express the most information. This principle just coincides with ellipsis in function.In this thesis, I think that brevity is the most obvious and common function of ellipsis, especially in daily language. And in both English and Chinese, people advocate brevity. Shakespeare once remarked, “brevity is the soul of wit”, and in Chinese there are numerous idioms like “yan jian yi gai” (meaning compendious). However, apart from the function of brevity, ellipsis embodies other functions which are also pretty common in the two languages but less noticed.(Hua Xianfa,2002)These functions distribute in both English and Chinese unevenly and represent great colorfulness of language. Exploring other functions of ellipsis and searching for functional recreation in translation will be of much benefit to both English to Chinese and Chinese to English translation.I found that when Chinese authors try to analyse ellipsis in English to Chinese translation, they always initially put articles in the list. They consider that it is a common phenomenon that Chinese always leave out personal articles. While it is obviously different in English that almost every sentence has a subject, we can see articles fluently. That is because when we translate from English to Chinese, personal articles can be omitted, even though sometimes it may appear once, it can also be omitted if necessary. Furthermore, if the objects can be seen obviously, personal articles should also be omitted. However, it never happens in English. From this point, it is not only allowable but also necessary when we translate personal articles which are objects in sentences into Chinese.In my point of view, the development of society has in some way has deliberately promoted the way of people’s thinking, translation system has become more and more perfect, people from all over the world have enjoyed the convenience. However, we can not neglect that there are still some problems in this field in China, and we have less influential Chinese translators in the world. Therefore, we still have a long way to go in translation.III. Feasibility Analysis。
英语论文开题报告参考最新3篇
英语论文开题报告参考最新3篇英语课题开题报告篇一一、课题提出的背景：随着新课改的不断深入，对小学英语教学也提出了新的挑战。
英语新课标要求教师积极探索并采取有效的学习方式，小组合作学习便是其中的一种，许多老师都运用在自己的课堂教学中，取得了显著的成效。
但由于受到一些因素的制约，比如班额大成员的，经常顾此失彼，部分合作学习习惯不好，最终造成合作学习流于形式，合作学习的有效性大打折扣。
英语新课标要求教师避免采取传授语言知识的教学方法，提倡任务型教学途径和小组合作学习。
作为当代主流的“小组合作学习”，不仅仅是一种学习方式，更是学会如何与他人互相交流合作，例如学会模仿、倾听、尊重等等，从而培养学生良好的学习习惯和团结互助的精神。
课题提出的意义：《语文课程标准》在“课程性质和地位”中明确指出：“语文是重要的交际工具，是人类文化的组成部分。
工具性与人文性统一，是语文课程的基本特点。
”“语文课程应致力于学生语文素养的形成与发展。
语文素养是学生学会其他课程的基础，也是学生全面发展和终身发展的基础”。
口头语言作为最基本、最便捷的交际工具，担负起个人社会交际的重任。
因此，作为培养未来社会人才语言素质的小学语文教学，应该重视培养学生的口语交际能力。
二、课题研究设计研究目标与预期目标通过本课题的研究，形成一整套提高学生合作学习有效的方法和策略，并在实践中提高小组合作学习的有效性。
首先建立结构合理、互帮互助的合作小组，即科学合理的分组，包括固定分组和动态分组。
再次，明确小组分工，培养独立思考、认真倾听、有序表达、积极参与与合作的习惯，接着，科学选择小组合作学习的内容，拓展创新任务，进行方式多样的科学评价。
从而培养学生的创新精神与合作意识，形成良好的心理品质，促进学生个体的发展。
研究内容和方法研究内容：小学英语课堂教学中合作学习低效情况、低效成因、的调查研究；小学英语课堂研究方法：1、文献资料研究法：整理收集小组合作学习的文献资料，和相关老师进行沟通、交流学习，梳理有利于本课题的研究理论资料。
本科英语毕业论文（设计）开题报告范例_开题报告_
本科英语毕业论文(设计)开题报告范例Proposal for BA ThesisI.Title: A Study on the Differences of Topics and Subjects in English and ChineseII. IntroductionChinese grammar system, in one sense, is basically an imitation of western grammar systems. But when we put into pratice , many Chinese grammarians have found that the rules of the westernized languages do not hold water. Therefore, many disputes and controversies have arisen,especially the differences of Topics and Subjects in English and Chinese . It is necessary to combine the traditional research on Chinese grammar with the contemporary western theory of grammar, so that it can help our Chinese grammar research joint the mainstream of Linguistics worldwide and bring the two way together---try to find the universal grammar. We believe that, the process in conformity is not always Smooth and pleasant, but the results are supposed to benefit China and the world finally .III. Literature ReviewSubject and topic as two basic concepts in modern Linguistics , their relationship is considered as the crucial research project and heated topic in Linguistics.1, Subject is originated form the western grammar systems . In general linguistics , many scholars are trying to give a current concept to subject . According to the research on all kinds of languages around the world , Keenan(1976) summerized the grammatical,semantic and textual features that subject has . The following are conclusion Trask(1993:266) made from all kinds of documents including Keenan(1976) (参见石毓智，2019):Subject is the noun phrase that probably has the most prominent feature in syntactic relation in sentence. Subject has all kinds of features in grammar, syntatics and text , mainly consisting of:1 Subject represents independent substance;2 Subject restricts the co-reference in sentence, including pronoun, reflexive pronoun and null anaphor;3 Subject restricts the agreement in verbs;4 Subject is the topic with no mark;5 Subject can be questioned by interrogative pronoun,and also can be focused.6 Subject is usually lack of morphological markers.7 Subject is ususlly considered as the actor of unmarked structure.His conclusion may be more suitable to describe the characters of western languages . Concerning Chinese, part of the descrition fail to reflect the linguistic fact in Chinese. For example, Trask thought that subject is the topic with no mark . He neglected of pragmatic feature of topic . Because we can’t confirm whether the subject is equal to the topic in a single sentence. And he also thought that subject is ususlly considered as the actor of unmarked structure, which is not accord to the fact in our Chinese .As in Chinese , not only actor, but also patient, instrument, timing and location can act as subject in sentence.2 , In 2019, Shi Yuzhi tried to conclude about the subject ’s characteristers in form in Chinese. His conclusion is as followed : The form of the subject can be placed both in subordinate clause and sentence.Subject can be focused.Subject can be questioned by interrogative pronoun.And its semantic characters are :Subject is the actor of behavior act.Subject is the main body of nature and state.Shi thought that the main difference butween subject and topic is that subject is the ingredient of grammatical structure while topic belongs to the discourse concept. The former one can be put into sentence and subordinate clause; the latter only can stay in sentence aspect. But his method to distinguish subject to topic seems to be a bit vague.As in Chinese, there is a kind of sentence in unusual order, for example: “书小王看完了”. In Shi’s opinion, that is a topic structure for it can not be placed in a clause. But in fact, it belongs to a classical subject-predicate sen tence. “书” is either the subject, or the topic.3 , Since Zhao Yuanren introduced ‘topoc’ into our grammar study in Chinese , the scholars in Chinese home and abroad keep going with research on topic . Li Na & Thompson are the representatives on this issue. They’ve done a systematic contract to subject and topic. They said that topic means what is about in the sentence while subject is what the verb predicates; topic can not be indefinite and generic but subject can ; topic have to appear at the front of a sentence while subject is allowed to appear in the sentence; there always be a pause between topic with other parts of a sentence.But in Chinese , it is not necessary that the topic appear at the front of a sentence. For example: “老师，这件事让我来处理吧。
英语专业开题报告范文
英语专业开题报告范文英语专业开题报告范文第一篇：题目名称：Politeness Principle as a strategy in Business Negotiation商务英语谈判中的礼貌策略研究学生姓名：学号：学院：专业年级：英语专业商务方向**级指导教师：职称：一、选题的依据：由于商务活动的需要，在世界高度一体化，国际商务活动日益频繁，中国进入WTO 的国际背景下，需要人们熟练掌握对外商务活动的原则和技巧;而商务谈判是对外商务活动的重要环节，商务谈判实际上是通过语言来进行的经济活动，其成功与否很大程度上取决于语言的应用。
在谈判过程中谈判双方都希望己方利益最大化，因此双方在谈判过程中的语言表达和应用对谈判有着深远影响。
得体、合适的语言表达能促进商务谈判的顺利进行。
而礼貌原则作为一种语用策略是商务谈判的必要技巧，我们通过运用礼貌策略减少谈判双方的利益摩擦，缓和谈判环境，使双方在快乐的条件下获得共赢和理想的谈判结果。
本选题旨在研究礼貌语言策略在商务谈判中的影响及具体应用。
其意义如下：意义：1. 得体的谈吐能树立谈判者良好的文化素养和职业道德形象，是商务谈判中的润滑剂;2.增加谈判者之间的信任度，提高谈判中的自觉性，增加谈判的成功性，从而实现经济利益;3. 对商务谈判中礼貌原则的研究有利于对今后礼貌原则文化差异起着促进作用;4. 对礼貌原则的研究及礼貌语言的学习、应用利于人们生活实际中的交际和商务活动，利于个人生活。
2)综合国内外有关本选题的研究动态和自己的见解我国学者何自然认为礼貌语言实际上是一种语用策略。
大量学者对语用学中的礼貌策略进行了研究。
我国学者胡艳芳认为礼貌是人类文明的重要标志，是人类社会活动的一条重要准绳(2009)，普遍存在于人类的交际活动中。
国内学者徐盛恒也有深入的见解他认为礼貌语言是语言交际可能涉及的各方关系的杠杆(1992)，起着调节人际关系的作用。
他们的研究都说明了礼貌语言策略在人们生活交际中有着重要的作用。
英语专业论文开题报告
英语专业论文开题报告英语专业论文开题报告（一）毕业设计(论文)开题报告The Function of Context in Translation语境对翻译的作用一、题目来源其他，专题研究二、研究目的和意义随着我国的教育改革，素质教育始终是一个热门话题。
《基础教育阶段新英语课程标准》明确指出，培养学生的自主学习能力是素质教育的一个重要方面。
但是，在实际的中学英语教学中，大多数同学缺乏自主学习能力，没有有效的自主学习策略，本文通过对自主学习的研究，提出一些有效的英语自主学习的策略，使学生从被动的接受知识转为主动去学习知识，从而做到真正的会自主学习。
三、阅读的主要参考文献及资料名称[1] Benson, P. and Voller, P.Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning [M].London: Longman.1997,[2] Breen, M.P .and Mann, S. Shooting arrows at the sun: perspectives on pedagogy for autonomy. In P.Benson and P.Voller (Eds) Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning [M]. London: Longman. 1997.[3] Boud, D. (ED.).Developing Students Autonomy in Learning [M]. London: Kogan.1988.[4] Candy.Self-direction for Life-long Learning [M]. California: Jossey-Bass.1981.[5] Dickinson, L. Self-instruction in Language Learning [M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.1987.[6] Gardner and Miller. (Eds.).Tasks for Independent Language Learning [M].Alexandria. 1996.[7] Holec, H. Autonomy and Foreign Language Learning [M], Oxford: Pergamon.1981.[8] Jones.Strategic teaching and learning: cognitive instruction in the content areas [M]. Alexandria, VA: Association of Supervision and Curriculum Development.1987.[9] Nunan, D. ‘Designing and adapting materials to encourage learner autonomy’. In P.Benson&P.Voller (eds) Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning [M]. London: Longman.1997.[10] O’Malley, J.M.and Chamot, A.V. Learning Strategies in Second Language Acquisition [M]. London: Macmillan.1990.[11] Sinclair, B. “Learner autonomy: the next phase” In Sinclair,B.et al. (eds).Learner Autonomy, teacher Autonomy: Future Directions [M]. London: Longman.2021.[12] Voller, P. Does the teacher has a role in autonomous learning? In P.Benson and P.Voler (eds) Autonomy and Independence in Language Learning [J].1997.London: Longman, 98-113.[13] Vygotsky, L.S.Mind and Society: The Development of Higher Mental Processes [M]. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.1978.[14] Wenden, A. Learner Strategies for Learner Autonomy: Planning and Implementing Learner Training for Language Learners [M], Hertfordshire, UK:Pretice Hall International.1991.[15] Wenden, A. Learner Strategies for Autonomous Learning [J]. 1998.Great Britain:Prentice Hall.xi:347[16] Wenden.A.In cooperating learner training in the classroom. InA.Wendenand (Eds.) Learner strategies in language learning [J],159-68. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.:prentice-Hall.1987.[17] 文秋芳.英语学习策略论[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社.1995.[18] 武和平.元认知及其与外语学习的关系[J].国外外语教学[J]第二期.2021.[19] 王立非.第二语言学习策略研究：问题与对策[J].国外外语教学第四期.2021.[20] 英语课程标准研制组.普通高中英语课程标准(实验)解读[M].江苏：江苏教育出版社.2021.[21] 刘润清，胡壮麟.外语教学中的科研方法[M].北京：北京外语教学与研究出版社.1999.四、国内外现状和发展趋势与研究的主攻方向1.国内外现状和发展趋势自主学习，又称自我调节的学习，一般是指学习者自觉确定学习目标、选择学习方法、监控学习过程、评价学习结果的过程。
英语专业毕业论文开题报告模板
七、本选题工作进程 2011 年 03 月 28 日 --04 月 02 日 2011 年 04 月 03 日 2011 年 04 月 04 日 --05 月 08 日 2011 年 05 月 09 日 --05 月 15 日 2011 年 05 月 16 日 --06 月 05 日 2011 年 06 月 07 日 --06 月 25 日 2011 年 06 月 26 日
难 点：怎样从文化交际的角度对日常用语中隐喻的汉译进行深入的理论探讨。 创新点：研究英语日常用语中隐喻的汉译理论及其方法。 四、论文的结构： 1.引言 2.英语日常用语中隐喻存在的普遍性 2.1 隐喻的定义 2.2 隐喻研究的常用术语 2.3 英语日常用语中的隐喻
（注）开题报告要点：1、毕业设计（论文）题目的来源，理论或实际应用意义。 2、题目主要内容及预期达到的目标。 3、拟采用哪些方法及手段。4、完成题目所需要的实验或实习条件。 5、完成题目的工作计划等。 （开题报告不够用时可另附同格式 A4 纸）
Orbis Book, 1999. [7] Soskice, J.M. Metaphor and Religious Language[M]. O xford : C larendon Press, 2005. [8] Tylor, Edward Burnett. Primitive Culture[M]. London: John Murray, 2001. [9] 陈宏薇. 新实用汉译英教程[M]. 武汉: 湖北教育出版社，2001. [10] 陈文伯. 英语成语和汉语成语[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2002. [11] 陈望道. 修辞学发凡[M]. 上海: 上海教育出版社，2001. [12] 邓炎昌, 刘润清. 语言与文化[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2001. [13] 范家材. 英语修辞赏析[M]. 上海: 上海交通大学出版社，2002. [14] 冯明之. 英文成语故事[M]. 香港: 万里出版社，1999. [15] 冯庆华. 实用翻译教程[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2002. [16] 胡文仲. 文化与交际[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2001. [17] 黄 任. 实用修辞学概论[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2007. [18] 李定坤. 汉英词格对比与翻译[M]. 武昌: 华中师范大学出版社，2003. [19] 刘重德. 文学翻译十讲[M]. 北京: 中国对外翻译出版公司，2007. [20] 徐莉娜. 隐喻的翻译[J]. 中国翻译，2009,(3)：21-24. [21] 张培基，等. 英汉翻译教程[M]. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社，2003. [22] 庄绎传. 英汉翻译 500 例[M]. 北京: 外语教学与研究出版社，2001.
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2020本科英语专业毕业论文开题报告范文
论文题目 o.henry��s art: irony on realism 选
题的目的和意义 欧·亨利(o. henry, 1862-1910), 原名威
廉·西德尼·波特(william sydney porter)，是美国最著名的短
篇小说家之一，曾被评论界誉为曼哈顿桂冠散文作家和美国现代
短篇小说之父。他出身于美国北卡罗来纳州格林斯波罗镇一个医
师家庭。他的一生富于传奇性，当过药房学徒、牧牛人、会计
员、土地局办事员、新闻记者、银行出纳员。当银行出纳员时，
因银行短缺了一笔现金，为避免审讯，离家流亡中美的洪都拉
斯。后因回家探视病危的妻子被捕入狱，并在监狱医务室任药剂
师。他在银行工作时，曾有过写作的经历，担任监狱医务室的药
剂师后开始认真写作。19XX年提前获释后，迁居纽约，专门从事
写作。欧·亨利善于描写美国社会尤其是纽约百姓的生活。他的
作品构思新颖，语言诙谐，结局常常出人意外;又因描写了众多的
人物，富于生活情趣，被誉为“美国生活的幽默百科全书”。代
表作有小说集《白菜与国王》、《四百万》、《命运之路》等。
其中一些名篇如《爱的牺牲》、《警察与赞美诗》、《带家具出
租的房间》、《麦琪的礼物》、《最后一片藤叶》等使他获得了
世界声誉。这些小说诞生于同一时期，且所描写的主人公遭受的
悲剧又极其的相似，那么这些作品是想向我们表达什么呢?它表达
了什么样的社会现实呢?通过的分析，我们可以了解到这些主人公
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的悲剧是由那个时代造成的，也就是资本主义生产关系造成的。
在资本主义兴盛发展时期，最得利还是资本家，人民大众还是受
苦者。
国内外研究的现状 many scholars have studied
o.henry��s works from different perspectives, such as
the theme, the characteristics and also the personal
background. by analyzing the theme of o.henry��s
fiction, i.e., “smile with tears” and “tears with
smile”, zhao shuying gave us a unique impression of
o.henry��s works. what��s more, ruan wenlin thinks
highly of the humanity after menting on o.henry��s
works. as forthe gift of the magi, liu wencui carefully
analyzed the characters of this short story. wei
rongcheng studied the numbers, the allusion of the holy
bible and also the theme of his works. what��s more,
many over-sea scholars have also done some research on
o.henry��s works. for exle, in 1986, trueman
e.o��quinn and jenny linder porter published an article
on the eakin magazine press, entitled “how william
sydney porter became o.henry”. 要解决的问题 通过对
作者写作的艺术手法的研究进一步掌握作者的现实主义概念
研究思路 主人公悲剧是由那个时代造成的，同时他们的悲剧命运
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也反映了那个时代特征。 通过研究反讽，包括字面反讽，结构反
讽和命运反讽在他作品中的具体体现来揭示反讽这一修辞手法的
功用及其产生的种种根源。这对我们研究欧·亨利现实主义，进
一步认识他的创作成就和文学地位，学习与借鉴他的语言艺术和
创作风格有着积极的作用。
参考文献目录 biblyography e.hudson, long.
o.henry, the man and his work,philadelphia: university of
pennsylvania press, 1949. donald f.a, peel. critical
stories of o.henry, northwest missouri state college
studies 25:4,1961. e.o��quinn, trueman, and porter,
jenny lind. how william sydney porter became o.henry,
austin, eakin press, 1986. arthur, voss. the american
short story: a critical survey, norman: oklahoma
university press, 1973. 陈华，何晓曦.《四百万》[m].外
语教学与研究出版社，1988.6. 郭燕华.从《警察与赞美诗》
看“欧“亨利笔法”[j].武汉教育学院外语系高等函授学报(哲学
社会科学版), XX.10 13(5). 胡晓梅, 郭雪华.纽约的镜子-谈
欧”亨利的《四百万》[j].浙江工商职业技术学院学报, XX.3
2(1). 金文丽.绕梁余音三日不绝-《最后一片叶子》的结构特
色及其必然性[j].丽水师范专科学校学报, 1999.8 21(4). 康
明强.欧“亨利短篇小说选[m].译林出版社, 1998.5(1). 刘文
翠.从《麦琪的礼物》看欧”亨利的写作手法[j].东疆学刊，XX.3
第 4 页 共 5 页
18(1). 任诚刚, 王玉敏.杰作里的真正杰作-欧“亨利短篇小
说《最后一片叶子》赏析[j] .山东师范大学外国语学院学报,
XX(2). 阮温林.高扬人性美的主旋律-欧”亨利爱情小说艺术
论[j].皖西学院学报，XX.4 18(2). 韦荣臣.《麦琪的礼物》
新探-数字，《圣经》典故和作品主题[j].四川大学外语学院学
刊，XX.5 17(3). 赵莉，黄春妮.欧“亨利作品导读[m].武
汉：武汉大学出版社，XX.8. 赵书颖.“含泪的笑”与“含笑
的泪”-浅析欧”亨利小说的主题[j].黑龙江教育学院学报，XX.3
23(2). introduction 1. irony and its classification
in o.henry's fiction 1.1 definition 1.2
classification 1. 2.1 verbal irony 1. 2.2
structural irony 1. 2.3 cosmic irony 2. function of
irony 2. 1 critical exposure of the theme 2. 2
distinctive portrait of the characters 2. 3 perfect
construction of the plot 2.4 adequate impression of
the temperament 3. the underlying causes of the
recurrence of irony in o.henry's fiction 3. 1 life
of o.henry 3. 2 the democratic mind of o.henry 3.
3the influence of others conclusion bibliography
作品如下： the gift of the magi and a service of love
the cop and the anthem the cop and the anthem the last
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leaf the romance of a busy broker schools and
schools