语法--冠词
初中英语语法冠词介绍

初中英语语法冠词介绍【英语语法】冠词一、冠词的概念冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类.二、不定冠词:a/an1。
a用于辅音发音开头的词前,而不是辅音字母前面,如:a book, a desk;有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头,但需用a修饰,这些单词可以连成一句话:In auversity,aEuropean uted a one-eyed man to steal auseful thing,then ran away along aone-way r oad.Thisis a usualthing。
在一所大学里,一个人联合独眼龙偷了一件有用的西,然后沿着一条单行道逃跑了.这是一件平常的事。
2。
an用于元音发音开头的词前,而不是元音字母前,如:an apple,an hour.有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但发音却是以元音开头,这些单词可以连成一句话:An hour ago,an honest man accepted anhonorable ta sk。
一个小时以前,一个诚实人接受了一项光荣的任务。
a/an的用法:1.a/an用于单数可数名词前,表示“某一"“一…”或者“一个”的意思.abook a boy a man a bird a dog an houran interestingbook a big dog a dangerous amal2。
表示类别:这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类,或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件,或者指某一种类的人或物,但不具体说明是何人或何物例如:???Thatisa pen,nota pencil。
?那是钢笔而不是铅笔.(指属于某一种类)???Givehimapear, please!?请给他一个梨。
(指某一种类中的任何一个)An elephantisbigger than a ho rse.大象比马大。
中小学英语语法(冠词)

岛) 海峡海湾:the English Channel、the Taiwan Straits 国名:the United States、the United Kingdom、the People's Republic of China 组织:the United Nations、the Ministry of Education、
街道:Nanjing Road、Fleet Street 广场:Tiananmen Square、Times Square 公园:Beihai Park、Hyde Park 车站、机场、桥梁:Paddington Station、Kennedy Airport、Golden Gate Bridge 大学:Qinghua University、Yale University 9) 球类、棋类等运动类名词前不用冠词,而乐器类名称前要用定冠词。 口诀:搞体育的人总是“衣冠不齐”(没有冠词),而搞音乐的人"衣冠整齐”(有冠词)” She plays the piano.---她会弹钢琴。 The little girl likes to play the violin.---这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴。 The students play basketball in the gym every afternoon. ---同学们每天下午都在体育馆打篮球。 10) 用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人或某某夫妇,如: the Greens---格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) The Whites are chatting. ---怀特一家人正在聊天。 11) 用在表示"度量衡"之类的名词前,用在“by + the+单位名词”结构中, 表示"以……单位计” The apples are sold by the kilo. ---这些苹果按公斤卖。第3页 共 7页Fra bibliotek军训的蚂蚁
英语语法-冠词专项练习题(含详细答案)

英语冠词专项练习题(一)1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler?—Yes,he has _______ .A. an;someB. a;oneC. a;/D. any;one2. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away.A. TheB. AC. AnD. Two3. —How many books do you have?—I have _______ book. That’s _______ English book.A. a;anB. a;oneC. one;anD. one;one4. At that time Tom was _______one-year-old baby.A. aB. anC. theD./5. _______ tiger is _______China.A. The;aB. A;theC. The;fromD. The;the6. We can’t see _______ sun at _______ night.A. the;theB. the;/C. a;/D./;/7. One afternoon he found_______ handbag. There was _______ “s”on the corner of_______ handbag.A. a;an;theB. a;a;theC. an;an;anD. the;a;a8. _______ old lady with white hair spoke_______ English well at _______meeting.A. An;an;aB. The;/;anC. The;/;aD. The;/;the9. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.A. A;aB. The;theC. A;theD. The;a10. _______ new bridge has been built over _______ Huangpu River.A. The;aB. A;/C. A;theD. An;the11. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.A. A;anB. The;aC. The;theD. A;the12. He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.A. a;aB. a;theC./;aD. a;/13. Does Tom often play _______football after _______ school?A. /;/B. /;theC. the;/D. a;/14. They passed our school_______ day before yesterday.A. anB. oneC. aD. the15. She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.A. a;TheB. an;TheC. an;AD. the;The16. This is _______ apple. It’s _______ big apple.A. an;aB. a;theC. a;anD. an;the17. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.A. /B. anC. aD. the18. I’ve been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.A. aB. anC. theD. /19. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus.A. an;/B. an;aC. a;/D./;/英语冠词专项练习题(一)答案及详解1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler?—Yes,he has _______ .A. an;someB. a;oneC. a;/D. any;one答案: B 第一空是泛指;第二空的one是不定代词,用以替代前面的ruler。
意大利语语法:冠词

意大利语语法:冠词在意大利语语法中,冠词是一种与名词配合使用的辅助词,作用是说明该名词的性数以及泛指或明确指代。
总的来说,冠词共分为定冠词、不定冠词、部分冠词三类,每类冠词都又分为阳性单数、阳性复数、阴性单数、阴性复数四种形式。
当冠词遇到di, da, su等前置词时,还会与它们组合为缩合前置词。
今天我们先来介绍一下定冠词、不定冠词和部分冠词。
一.定冠词 articolo determinativo1.阳性定冠词1)一般情况下,阳性单数名词前使用定冠词il,其复数为i。
如:il ragazzo - i ragazzi;il libro - i libri2)以元音开头的阳性单数名词前使用定冠词l’,其复数为gli。
如:l’amico – gli amici;l’avvocato – gli avvocati3)若该阳性单数名词以s+辅音、z、j、ps、gn、x开头,其前面使用定冠词lo,其复数为gli。
如:lo studente – gli studenti;lo zaino – gli zaini2.阴性定冠词1)一般情况下,阴性单数名词前使用定冠词la,其复数为le。
如:la ragazza – le ragazze;la lezione – le lezioni2)以元音开头的阴性单数名词前使用定冠词l’,其复数为le。
如:l’amica – le amiche;l’azione – le azioni3.什么时候该使用定冠词?1)表示确切指代的人或事物。
如:Lo zio di Nicola vive in Francia.尼古拉的叔叔住在法国。
2)表示一个物种、一个职位等的整体概念。
如:Gli psichiatri sono persone eccentriche.精神病科医生是奇怪的人。
3)使用物主形容词或物主代词时。
如:Il mio libro èqui, dove èil tuo?我的书在这里,你的在哪儿呢?4)表示时间时。
英语语法冠词

例:Mr Li, the tutor was no better a schoolar than many a nine –form boy.
表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)
复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)
02
表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:An elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比一个人强壮。)
03
1、不定冠词a / an的用法:
(3).表示“一个……另一个…”之意时用 one 而不用a 例:One man’s meat is another man’s poision人各有志。 另:在下列情况下,a,one可以互换: 例:in a/one word简而言之,a/one hundred percent百分之百,十足 (4).用在单数名词前,相当于某一个或某一位,抑或用在物质名词或抽象名词表“一阵”,“一份”等或表抽象名词具体化。 例:a. A Mr Li called you tonight,(某一位) b.Unfortunately , only the poor boy was caught in a heavy rain (表一阵) c.Through their efforts , their experiment was quite a great success.(抽象名词具体化) (5) a/an可表“每一”之意 例:I go there once a week to ensure that everything is ok.(每一周)
英语语法专题一-冠词

英语语法专题一冠词英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词;the是定冠词。
(一)不定冠词一、知识测练填上恰当的不定冠词。
1.She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hourspeaking it every day.2.I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner.3.There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you.4.Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country?5.They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place.二、知识归纳不定冠词a和an的基本用法:不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________(可数、不可数)名词的单数,表示“一个”的惑思,一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。
(1)a用在_________(辅音、元音)开头的单词前(注意:辅音不是辅音字母)。
如:a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country(2)an用在_________(元音、辅音)开头的单词前(注意:元音不是元音字母)。
如:an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree三、知识过关单项选择1.That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear.A. a, aB. the, aC. an, aD. a, the2.Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you.A. a, aB. an, anC. an, aD. a, an3._______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep.A. A, anB. An. AC. The, /D. A, a4.There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use".A. the, theB. an, aC. an, anD. a, an5.China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country.A. an, anB. an, aC. a, anD. a, a6.Is this _______ useful book?—Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.A. a, aB. a, anC. an, aD. an, an7.I looked down and saw _______ policeman and an old lady, one of David's neighbours.A. aB. theC. anD. 不填8.How far is it from our school to _______ seaside?It is _______ eight-kilometre walk from here.A. the, anB. /, anC. the, aD. /, a(二)定冠词一、知识测练在需要的地方填上定冠词。
英语语法--限定词,冠词
1〕类指 类指是表示类别,也就是泛指一类人或物。不论是定冠词还是不 定冠词和零冠词都具有这种功能。 比如定冠词与单数可数名词搭配,往往可起类指的作用,常用于 正式语体。 例如: Galileo claimed that he had invented the telescope. GALILEO 声称他发明了望远镜。 The horse has been replaced by the railroad, the windship by the steamship. 铁路代替了马的作用,汽船代替了帆船。 定冠词与某些形容词或分词连用,表示类别或抽象概念,也是一 种类指用法。 例如: the rich 富人; the living 生者。表示一类人。 The sick have been cured, the lost have been found, and the dead have been revived. 病被治逾,失去的被找回来了,死亡被挽救回来了。 The true, the good and the beautiful would not exist without the false, the evil and the ugly. 没有欺骗、邪恶、丑陋就没有真实、善良和美 丽。
用不定冠词与单数可数名词搭配也可表示类别。 例如: My brother William is planning to be a lawyer. 我的兄弟 WILLIAM打算成为律师。 用零冠词与复数可数名词或不可数名词搭配,同样可以 表示一类的人或物。 例如: Doctors are badly needed at the front. 在前线医生是非常 地需要。 Carrots are my favorite vegetable. 胡罗卜是我最喜爱的蔬 菜。 Electricity is a form of energy. 电是能量的一种形态。 Unity is strength. 团结就是力量。
初中英语语法系列---冠词
• 世上独无二: 世界上独一无二的事物前. the Sun, the Moon, the Earth (地球)
注意:星星不是独一无二的,不能说the star
• 序数最高级: 序数词前
和形容词最高级前
I am the second child in my family.
(我在家排行老二)
The first book is English book. 第一本书是英语 书。
众国)
• 习语及乐器: 一些习惯短语中和乐器前. in the morning, in the evening, in the
afternoon go to the zoo: 去公园 at the beginning:开头 in the end: 终于,最后 in the middle of : 在—中间 on the left : 在左边 on the right: 在右边 by the way : 顺便说一下
3. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away. A.The B.A C.An D.Two
4.—How many books do you have? —I have _______ book.That’s _______ English book. A.a;an B.a;one C.one;an D.one;one
come from America.
冠词小测验
1.—Does Jim have _______ ruler? —Yes,he has _______ . A.an;some B.a;one C.a;/ D.any;one
2.There is ______ old bike. ______ old bike is Mr. Zhao‘s. A.an ;The B.the;An C.a;The D.the;The
1.英语语法冠词
英语语法(二)冠词
• 2(1)不定冠词的用法 ①泛指—类人或物。 eg. This is a pencil case. ②指不具体的某个人或物。 eg. I met an old man On my way home. ③用在序数词前,相当于another. eg. There’s a third boy near the shop. ④表示“每—(个)”,相当于every. eg. They have music lessons twice a week.
英语语法(二)冠词
• (4)复数名词表示一类人或物时不用冠词。 eg. Those young men are teachers, not students. (5)物质名词表示种类时不用冠词。 eg. Snow is white. (6)抽象名词表示一般概念时不用冠词。 eg.Does she like music? (7)在球类运动和棋类游戏前时不用冠词。 eg.play basketball/soccer/chess (8)在三餐前不用冠词。 eg. have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner (9)在人名、地名、节假日、星期、月份前不用。 eg.Tina, China, Tiananmen Square, New Year’s Day, Tuesday, January National Day 国庆节
英语语法(二)冠词
• ③当名词前的形容词前有so, how, too等词时, 不定冠词应放在形容词之后。 Eg. She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station. How nice a film this is! ④当名词前面有形容词和quite, rather, very时, 不定冠词放在quite, rather之后,very之前。 eg.It is quite a good book. That is rather a useful too1. This is a very interesting story.
语法讲义( 冠词)
语法课讲义(一)一学习目标1 不定冠词和定冠词的功能2 零冠词的几种情况二知识要点1 冠词在数量上只有3个,分类如下:不定冠词(a/an)冠词定冠词(the):冠词不是单用词,其后必须跟名词,中间可加修饰词。
三具体应用不定冠词1位置单数可数名词前2 方法a+辅音音素an+元音音素功能1 表示“一”这个数量概念a book 一本书 a chair 一把椅子 a university 一所大学an orange 一个橙子an hour 一个小时an egg 一个鸡蛋2 表示“每一”这个频率概念I go to school five days a week. She usually cleans her house twice a week. The pork is 20 yuan a kilo.3 使抽象内容具体化have a cold=catch a cold 感冒have a good time 玩得开心不定冠词的常用短语a knife and fork 一副刀叉want a go 试一下as a result 因此in a word 总之take a break 休息一会儿all of a sudden 突然as a matter of fact 事实上have a swim 游泳take a walk = go for a walk 散步定冠词定冠词的功能与使用1 上文提到过的人或物再次提到There is a man. The man has a hen. The hen gives him a golden egg every day. This is a yo-yo and the yo-yo is Tom’s.2 特指双方都明白的人或物Look at the blackboard. The girl in pink is my sister.in the east in the south in the west in the northon the right on the leftin the past at the present in the future3 宇宙间“独一无二”的天体名称之前the sky the moon the sun the earth the world4 the 加姓的复数代表某某一家人,永远都当复数看The Whites are watching TV now.Mr. Kings often visit their neighbor on weekend.5 the 用在乐器名称前play the guitar play the piano play violin6 the加形容词代表一类人或事物通常谓语动词用复数the old 老人the young 年轻人the poor 穷人The old need our help and care. 老人需要我们的帮助和关怀。
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冠词的用法总结 一、不定冠词(a/an)的用法: a用在辅音音素开头的单词前,an 用于元音音素开头的单词前。 1、 表示数量“一”的意思,与one相近,但不如one 语气强。译成汉语是必有“一”。 Rome was not built in a day. She got a one-way ticket at last. 2、 表示一类人或事物之一,译成汉语是常有“一”。 Mr Zhang is an expert on DNA. The novel is written by a boy. 3、 用来概括整体,表示一类人或事物,译成汉语时一般不带“一”,与any接近。 A rose is the symbol of love. A dolphin is friendly to man. 4.用在表示时间或度量衡单位的名词前,相当于per, every, each。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. Please take the medicine three times a day. 5、 用在of之后,表属性,意思是“同样,一样”,相当于the same。 Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚 The people and the army are of a family. 军民一家 6、 用在序数词前,淡化“第几…….”的含义,强调在原来已有的基础上,表示“又,再”。 “a/an+序数词”近似于anther的用法。 We tried a second time. After a while, a third taxi came. 7、 不定冠词的特殊用法: A、 物质名词或抽象名词前一般不加冠词,但若表示一个,一份,一种,一阵等含义时,可用不定冠词。 What a heavy rain it is. B、 用于专有名词前,表示“某一”,相当于a certain。 I remembered she came on a Sunday in September. A Mr Tyson is asking to see you. C、 用于人名、地名、产品名、机构名词等之前,表示“一个”。 Li Hua is a Lei Feng in our class. After twenty years, I see a new Beijing. D、 Sun, moon, earth, sky和world等独一无二的名词前要加the,但它们前面如果有修饰语时 可以用a/an. A full moon hangs outside of the window. E、 季节、月份、星期几、三餐等名词前一般不用冠词,但前面有修饰语时可以用a/an。 用于形容词最高级前,使最高级表示“很……,非常…….”,而不是“最…….”。 Last year we had a warm winter. It was really a wonderful supper. F、 不定冠词除上述用法之外,还出现在某些固定的短语或句式中,这就要求平时要多观 察,多积累。 a few 几个 a type of 一类 as a matter of fact 事实上 at a high speed 高速的 on a diet 在节食 once upon a time 从前 in a low/loud voice 低/高声地 have a good time 玩得愉快 have a try 试一试 定冠词的用法: 1. 特指某人或某物,尤其是上文已提到的和谈话双方都知道的人或物。 Shut the door, will you? 关上门好吗? I bought a tie yesterday. The tie is made of silk. 2. 表类别 The dog is truthful to man. Who invented the telephone? 3. 用在世界上独一无二的事物前,如sun, moon, earth, sky, universe, world, atmosphere等。 White clouds are floating in the sky. The sun gives us all we need to live. 4. 用在表示方位和时间的名词前 From/in/to the east/south in the morning/afternoon/evening in the middle/centre in/at the beginning/end on/to the right/left in the daytime 5. 用在形容词和副词最高级以及序数词前 The earliest coins in the world were used in China. Which is the second longest river in the world?(两者中比较时,可以用the + 比较级) 6. 用在某些形容词和过去分词之前表示一类人 The poor 穷人 the rich 有钱人 the sick 病人 the wounded 伤员 7. 在姓氏的复数形式前表示一家人或夫妻俩 The zhangs are having supper now. 8. 在乐器前常用the Play the violin be interested in the piano 对钢琴感兴趣 play Erhu (汉语拼音前不用the) 9. 用于逢十的数词的复数前表年代 In the 1970s in one’s nineties 10. 用于表示具体计量的结构by the…… 意思是“按……计算,以……计算” Eggs are sold by the dozen here. They sell cloth by the metre.他们卖布论米。 11. 用在only, last time, same 和very 前,特指某一名词。 That was the last time I saw her. You’ve made the same mistake. 12. 用于“hit/catch sb in/on/by the +身体某部位”表示打在/抓住某人身体的某部位 A stone hit Tom on the nose/back/head. in the face/arm/leg/eye. 13.用在某些专有名词前:用于江、河、湖、海、山脉、群岛之前; 用于含有普通名词构成的专有名词 the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 the Yellow River 黄河 the English Channel 英吉利海峡 the West Lake 西湖 the Tang Dynasty 唐朝 the People’s Republic of China 中国人民共和国 13. 用在某些短语中 零冠词的用法 1、 表示一类事物或一类人的名词复数前不用冠词 Boys like knives and guns while girls like flowers. Doctors and patients should respect each other. 2、 称呼语和家庭成员前不用冠词 Where has mother gone? Come here, little boy. 3、 物质名词前一般不加冠词 Water boils at 100°C. Don’t drink the water in the bottle. I prefer tea to coffee. A coffee, please. 4.抽象名词前一般不加冠词 Failure is the mother of success. You have no sense of humour. 但注意下面这些名词一般不会被a修饰: Advice work progress fun news information weather furniture 5.表示独一无二的职位名词前可不用冠词 Mr Zhang, president of the company, is a man of strong will. Cook was captain of the ship. 这类名词还有chairman, head, chief, director, king, queen等 6.三餐前一般不加冠词 We’ll have fish for supper Don’t go to school without breakfast. I like a light breakfast. The supper you cooked today was different from the other day. 7.球类,棋类运动前不加the Play basketball/football/chess/volleyball 8.某种疾病前不加冠词 The old man died of cancer/flu/heart disease. 但fever/cold/cough/headache/toothache/stomachache 等词前可以加a。 9.turn表示“成为”时,后面作表语的名词前不加冠词。 Later the poor boy turned writer. Later the poor boy became a writer. 10.as/though 引导状语从句用于倒装句时,若是名词单数放在句首,不用冠词。 Hero as he is (=Though/As he is a hero), he is still poor. 11.前有物主代词,指示代词以及some, any, no, each, every, kind of, sort of, type of等时,后面的名词前不用冠词。 any way 任何办法 some suffering 一些痛苦 no doubt 无疑地 this title this type of car 这种汽车 12. by 表示交通,通讯等方式时,后面所接的名词前不用冠词。 by bike by bus/car by train by plane/air Mary went to school on a bus this morning.(名词前有冠词,物主代词或指示代词时,不用by,用on 或in 等介词) 13. bed, church, class, college, hospital, market, prison, town, university等个体名词表达抽象含 义时,前面不用冠词。 go to school 去上学 go to the school 到那所学校去 at school 在校园/在学习 at the school 在那所学校里 14. 某些专有名词前无冠词 A. 人名,洲名,城市名,某些国家名词前无冠词(多是不含普通名词的专有名词) China Kate Asia London B.表示学科和语言的名词前无冠