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美国大学英语写作 课后答案

美国大学英语写作 课后答案

《美国大学英语写作》课后习题答案(PART 1) ANSWER KEYPart One: Essay Writing1 An Introduction to WritingActivity (Point and Support in a Paragraph), pages 5–6 Point: There are drawbacks to moviegoing.Support: 1. Inconvenienceb. Long time to find parking spot and long walk to theaterd. Sticky floor3. Other moviegoersa. Running kidsb. Laughing, shouting teenagersActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 81. c2. b3. a4. a. Inconvenience of going outb. Temptations of the theaterc. Behavior of some patronsActivity (Body: Supporting Paragraphs), 9–101. To begin with, I just don’t enjoy the general hassleof the evening.2. b. Parking lot is always jammedd. Tickets may sell out, and theater is crowdede. Tickets cost up to $8 each3. Second, the theater offers tempting snacks that I really don’t need.4. b. 2) chocolate bars3) Milk Duds5. Many of the other patrons are even more of a problem than the concession stand.6. a. Little kids race up and down the aislesb. Teenagers talk back to the screen, whistle, make funny noisesActivity (Concluding Paragraph), 101. a2. cReview Activities, 18–20Answers will vary.2 The Writing ProcessActivities (Freewriting, Questioning, Making a List, Clustering, Scratch Outline), 25–31Answers will vary.Activity (Writing a First Draft), 331. thesis 5. specific2. first 6. bs3. equiped (other answers are possible) 7.conclusion4. second and thirdActivity (Revising with a Second Draft), 36–371. Second 5. watching what I keep in the house2. however 6. comfortable seats3. unity . . . My friends are as bad as I am.7. As4. support . . . snacks like celery and carrot8. jump into my handssticks . . . no ice cream in the freezer . . .9. disgusteddripping with butter . . . risk pulling outmy fillings as I chewActivity (Taking a Writing Inventory), 39–40Answers will vary.Activity (Prewriting), 41–43L, Q, SO, C, FActivity 1 (Outlining), 43–451. Thesis:My high school had three problem areas.a. Students(1) Involved with drugs(2) Formed cliquesb. Teachers(1) Unwilling to help after class(2) Much too strictc. Buildings(1) Leaky ceilings(2) Ill-equipped gym2. Thesis:Working as a dishwasher in a restaurant was my worst job.a. Working conditions(1) Heat in kitchen(2) Noisy work areab. Hours(1) Ten-hour shifts(2) Hours changed every weekc. Pay(1) Minimum wage(2) No bonus for overtime3. Thesis: Joining an aerobics class has many benefits.a. Social benefits(1) Make new friends(2) Meet interesting instructorsb. Mental benefits(1) Reduces mental stress(2) Improves self-imagec. Physical benefits(1) Strengthens heart(2) Tones muscles4. Thesis: My favorite times in school were the days beforeholiday vacations.a. Lighter workload(1) Less work in class(2) Less homeworkb. Friendlier atmosphere(1) Teachers more relaxed(2) Students happy about vacationc. Special events(1) Pep rallies(2) Holiday concertsActivity 2 (Outlining), 45–47Thesis:More and more, the inventions of modern technology seem to be cutting us off from contact with our fellow human beings. First topic sentence:The world of business is one area in which technology is isolating us.Support: 2. Workers’ salaries are automatically credited to their bank accounts.3. Personal banking is becoming a detached process.a. Customers interact with machines rather than people.b. Some loans are accepted or rejected by computers, not loan officers.Second topic sentence: Another area that technology is changing is entertainment.Support: 1. For many people now, music is a solitary experience.2. Fewer people go out to watch movies.Third topic sentence: Education is a third important area inwhich technology is separating us from others.Support: 1. Students sit alone in front of computers.2. Students use software at home instead ofinteracting with others.3. Videotapes are replacing class instruction.Activity (Revising), 47–482, 1, 4, 33 The First and Second Steps in Essay WritingActivity (Writing a Good Thesis), 50–51List 1 List 22 Teachers3 Bicyclesl Education 4 Dangers of bike riding3 Math teacher l Recreation5 My high school math 2Recreational vehiclesteacher was incompetent. 5Bike riding in the city is a4 High school math teacher dangerous experience.List 3 List 41 Retail companies 3 Camping2 Supermarkets 4 First camping trip4 Dealing with customers 2Summer vacation3 Working in a supermarket 5My first camping trip was a5 I’ve learned how to handle disastrous experience.unpleasant supermarket customers. lVacationsActivity (Common Errors in Writing a Thesis), 53A. 1. TBB. 6. 22. TN 7. A3. TB 8. 24. TN 9. A5. TB 10. 2Activity (Support the Thesis with Specific Evidence), 54–55Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third pointfor each outline is listed below.1. c. Learning new rules and procedures 4.c. Save money2. c. Sense of humor 5. c. Long hours3. c. Too cold in the winter 6. c. Worry about financesActivity (The Importance of Specific Details), 57S 1. The paragraph lists specific precautions: getting a permit and buyingpressure-treated lumber.X 2. What kinds of things did the writer do wrong? What specific rules were enforced?How did this parent punish the writer?S 3 The paragraph lists specific examples of items that should not be improved:cheesecake and jeans.X 4. What kinds of problems does the dog have? How does thedog misbehave when the owners are away? Howdid the owners try to train the dog?Activity 1 (The Importance of Adequate Details), 58Answers are given in the text after the activity.Activity (Identifying the Parts of an Essay), 61Thesis statement: 4Topic sentence of first supporting paragraph: 5Topic sentence of second supporting paragraph: 15Topic sentence of third supporting paragraph: 22First sentence of the conclusion: 34Activity 1 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 61–62 Activity 2 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 621. TN a.OK b. OK b.2. OK a.2. TN a.A b. OK b.3. OK a.3. TN a.A b. OK b.4. A a.4. OK a.OK b. TN b.5. A a.5. OK a.OK b. TN b.Activity 3 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 62–63 Activity4 (Evaluating Thesis Statements), 631. OK a.OK b.2 b.2. TB a.2. 2 a.OK b. OK b.3. OK a.3. OK a.TB b.2 b.4. TB a.4. 2 a.OK b. OK b.5. TB a.5. 2 a.OK b. OK b.Activity (Completing Thesis Statements), 64Answers for this activity will vary; a possible third pointof development for each thesis statement is listed below.1. science.6. coach2. to be enthusiastic.7. we were emotionally immature.3. my boyfriend.8. manners4. money.9. my relationships with others.5. breaks down regularly. 10.the time I dented my friend’s car.Activity (Writing a Thesis Statement), 65Answers may vary slightly.1. The cars I’ve owned have reflected the changes in my personality.2. Attending a two-year college has several advantages.3. I have tried several ways to give up snacks.4. Halloween is not all fun.5. Three factors contributed to my heart attack.Activity 1 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 66Answers will vary; a possible thesis for each limited subjectis listed below.1. Sharing an apartment with a roommate helped me adjust to a new city.2. Deciding to be less critical of your spouse can help a marriage.3. My mother’s tidiness drives us crazy.4. Fast-food restaurants are cheaper, cleaner, and friendlier than other restaurants.5. My cousin Myra has several bad driving habits.6. Regular exercise can help ease emotional problems.7. Do-it-yourself repairs always end up costing me more money than they’re supposed to.8. The free-agent system has made baseball a big business, not a sport.9. Being a single parent can be exhausting, frustrating, and intimidating.10. Noise pollution is a growing problem in our city. Activity 2 (Limiting a Topic and Writing a Thesis), 67 Answers will vary; some possible limited subjects and thesis statements are listed below.1. Exotic animals as petsPeople should not be allowed to keep exotic animals as pets.2. Teens and birth controlParents should be notified if their daughters visita birth control clinic.3. The new season’s TV programmingThe new television programs are carbon copies of last year’s successful shows.4. Computerized officesComputers in offices are creating new health problems for employees.5. Major fields of studyChoosing a major does not have to be done blindly.6. House callsDoctors should be compelled to make house calls.7. Summer vacationsSummer is the worst time of year to take a vacation.8. BarbecuingThere are three kinds of people who will be found behinda barbecue grill.9. Children’s allowancesGetting an allowance teaches a child to be responsible, mature, and thrifty.10. Christmas shoppingOne year I made the mistake of doing my Christmas shopping months in advance.Activity (Providing Specific Evidence), 68–69Answers will vary; some possibilities are listed below.1. Guests arrived two hours late; roast was burned; host and hostess got into a huge fight2. Collects dead frogs, birds, and worms; loves to dunk pizza in his chocolate milk; combs his hair with his toothbrush3. Too tired; too hungry; too disorganized4. Chose my friends for me; chose my clothes for me; chose my college for me5. Baby-sitting, gardening, baking cookies6. New ignition, new brakes, new heater7. Cat got sick; kids got sick; roof started to leak8. Slept at his desk; gave six hours of homework per night; had a nasty temperActivity (Identifying Adequate Supporting Evidence), 69–70 AD 1.U 2. What are specific examples of how people are thoughtless to pets? What are the particular needs of pets that may be ignored? Examples might include bathing animals regularly, treating them for fleas, helping them stay cool in summer,exercising them, and providing a nutritious diet.U 3. What are specific examples of shows that are of little interest to people? Exactly how would commercials be changed? How would network news be made more interesting? Examples might include the names of shows (situation comedies, game shows, and so on) that aren’t popular. Commercials might be changed by eliminating repetitious jingles or celebrity endorsements (using examples of current commercials).AD 4.U 5. What are examples of how the woman was set in her ways? What did she say about the kind of hairdo she wanted? For example, the woman might have rejected any suggestions other than the style she was used to. What did the writer do that was unsuccessful? And how did the woman seem to indicate that the writer was not doing what she wanted? For instance, she might have shook her head or sighed every time the writer attempted to please her.Activity (Adding Details to Complete an Essay), 70–73 Answers will vary; possible supporting details are included in the paragraphs below.First of all, with no television to compete for our time, we found plenty of hours for personal interests.We all read more that week than we had read during the six months before.Dad introduced Mom to his favorite mystery writer—Dorothy Sayers—and it was pleasant to see them sitting on the sofa together, each one absorbed in a book. Luella, serious as always, read novels by Charles Dickens, while I settled modestly for the daily newspapers. We each also enjoyed some hobbies we had ignored for ages.Mom and Dad did crossword puzzles together, Lu dusted off her stamp collection, and I finished knitting the sweater I had started last September. In addition, my sister and I both stopped procrastinating with our homework.Instead of putting off our English and math assignments until our favorite shows were over, we tackled them right after supper and found that, without the sound of the TV blaring in our ears, we could do them in a couple of hours—far more quickly than we expected.Second, we did chores that had been hanging over our heads for too long. There were many jobs around the house that had needed attention for some time.Mom fixed a faucet that had been dripping for weeks while Dad patched the cracked plaster in the dining room. Lu and I cleaned our closets, finding records, tapes, and magazines that had been missing for months. By the end of the week, the house was in tidier shape thanit had been since we moved in. We also had a chance to do some long-postponed shopping.Mom and Dad picked out a new sofa for the den; Lu bought some new books, and I went through a whole stack of catalogs and finished all my Christmas shopping by mail. And each of us also did some letter writing or other paperwork that was long overdue. Mom and Dad struggled with this year’s income tax forms, Lu wrote to Johnny, a friend she met at Spirit Lake last summer, and I wrote a thank-you note to Aunt Elsie for letting me stay with her during my weekend in New York City last month.Finally, and probably most important, we spent time with each other. Instead of being in the same room together while we stared at a screen, we actually talked for many pleasant hours. Mom told us about the programming project she has been doing at work, and we had fun planning the trip to Boston we are going to take this summer. Moreover, for the first time in years my family played some games together. We played several games of Scrabble, and we even got out the Monopoly set and played a game following the rules our family has made up over the years. And because we didn’t have to worry about missing this or that show, we had some family friends over a couple of evenings and spent an enjoyable timewith them.We were glad to see how much the Overholt childrenhad grown, and Joe and Sandy Ciprianni kept us laughing allevening with their stories about fixing up the old house theybought.4 The Third Step in Essay WritingFill-ins (Common Methods of Organization), 75–76The topic sentences in the essay use the words To begin with,Next, and Finally to help show time order.The paragraph uses the following words to help show time order:Next, first, Then, After, and Finally.The topic sentences in the essay use the words For one thing,In addition, and Most important to help show emphatic order.The words Worst of all are used to mark the most emphatic detailin the paragraph.Activity (Common Methods of Organization), 77A. 1. time orderB. time; emphatic; time; emphatic2. emphatic order3. combination of time and emphatic orderActivity (Transitions), 78–801. Addition signals: One, Also, Another2. Time signals:After,First, Next, Finally3. Space signals:Next [to], To the right, Near4. Change-of-direction signals:But, however5. Illustration signals:For example, such as6. Conclusion signals:Finally, thereforeActivity (Transitional Sentences), 81Answers may vary slightly.In addition to teaching me about the importance of familysupport, my parents taught me the value of hard work.Along with the value of hard work, my parents emphasized thebenefits of a good education.Activity (Other Connecting Words), 831. four times2. he3. iron range; throbbing swellings; frigidActivity (Introductory Paragraph), 86-87 Activity (Concluding Paragraph), 891. B Starting with an opposite1. P/R2. F Quotation2. Q3. A General to narrow3. SActivity (Titles), 90–91Answers will vary; examples of titles are given below.1. Choosing McDonald’s2. A Diner at Midnight3. Audiences at Rock ConcertsActivity 1 (Organizing Through Time Order), 91–931. 12. 33. 13 132 22Activity 2 (Organizing Through Emphatic Order), 95–961. 22. 33. 21 133 21Activity (Providing Transitions), 93–94First of all, there are the people . . .For example, there are the ones . . .Another type of nervous . . .However, neither of these . . .A second category of people . . .On the contrary, they feel compelled . . .As a result, no one hears . . .After they have been to the theater . . .Then they will start . . .Last of all, there are the people who talk . . .In addition, it is impossible . . .But if ever I am granted . . .Activity (Identifying Transitions and Other Connecting Words), 95–96S 1. T 9. P 2. RW 10.T 3. S 11.S 4. T 12.P 5. P 13. RW 6. RW 14.P 7. T 15.P 8.Activity (Completing Transitional Sentences), 96–97Thesis 1:After making certain that your house conforms to state regulations, you must obtain legalpermits . . .Finally, once you have the necessary legal permits, you can begin to advertise . . .Thesis 2:In addition to saving me money, watching the game at home is more comfortable than sitting in a stadium . . .Even more important than cost and comfort, though, is the technology which makes a televised game better than the “real thing.”. . .Activity (Identifying Introductions and Conclusions), 97-99 Pair 1:D Incident or storyI Prediction or recommendationPair 2:E Question(s)G Summary and final thoughtPair 3:F QuotationG Summary and final thought5 The Fourth Step in Essay WritingActivity (Use Parallelism), 101–102Answers may vary slightly.1. The novelty store sells hand buzzers, plastic fangs, and fake insects.2. Many people share the same three great fears: being in high places, working with numbers, and making speeches.3. To decide on a career, people should think closely about their interests, hobbies, and skills.4. At the body shop, the car was sanded down to the bare metal, painted with primer, and sprayed with red enamel.5. In order to become a dancer, Lola is taking lessons, working in amateur shows, and auditioning for professional companies.6. Juan’s last job offered security; his new job offersa better chance for advancement.7. People in today’s world often try to avoid silence, whether on the job, in school, or at home.8. Because the dying woman was dignified and courageous, she won everyone’s respect.9. The politician trusted no one, rewarded loyalty, anddepended only on his own instincts.10. If we’re not careful, we’ll leave the next generationpolluted air, contaminated water, and dying forests.Activity (Consistency with Verbs), 1031. arrive arrived 6. floated floats2. asks asked 7. grabs grabbed3. sliced slices 8. swooped swoops4. went goes 9. recharged recharge5. tips tipped 10. burns burnedActivity (Consistency with Pronouns), 104–1051. your their health 6. you I can own2. you I never know 7. you her indigestion3. youwe have if youwe 8. you we don’t dare4. their its aggressive9. we they can learn5. one you should plan 10. one you should dressActivity 1 (Use Specific Words), 106–107Answers will vary; following are examples.1. Potato chips, pretzels, and salted peanuts . . .2. . . . papers, books, and magazines . . .3. . . . a TV, a CD player, and a computer.4. The comics, the sports pages, the obituaries, and thesociety page . . .5. . . .my throat, my ears, and my lungs . . .Activity 2 (Use Specific Words), 107–108Answers will vary; following are examples.1. The rusty old Buick sputtered, whined, and refused tostart.2. The mathematics final was filled with tricky, bafflingproblems.3. Little Robbie was so exhausted that he could scarcelykeep his eyes open.4. My cluttered, jumbled, dusty bedroom needs to be sweptout, scrubbed, and reorganized.5. A broken-down city bus blocked Main Streetand stopped traffic for an hour.Activity (Use Active Verbs), 1091. The typical American diet includes many unhealthy foods.2. Hundreds of biting ants invaded the family picnic.3. Doctors use antibiotics to treat many infections.4. A drunk driver caused the fatal traffic accident.5. The instructor will determine final grades on the basis of class performance.Activity (Use Concise Words), 110–111Answers will vary.1. I will conclude by summarizing my major points.2. Every day, parents must control their children’s television watching.3. I am shy.4. Magazine advertising contains clever hidden messages.5. My worst mistake last week was to hurt my brother’s feelings and not apologize.6. In today’s uncertain economy, the middle class finds it hard to save.7. We liked last night’s television show, but our parents didn’t.8. The school district canceled classes because of the badweather.9. I regret not having studied word processing in high school.10. People are harmed by emotional as well as by physical abuse.Activity (Revise by Adding a Second Complete Thought), 112–1131. . . . sandwiches, for he is allergic . . .2. . . . sleep, but the thought . . .3. . . . bakery, and it has . . .4. . . . soggy, for rainwater had . . .5. . . . present, so I offered . . .Activity (Revise by Adding a Dependent Thought), 114–115 Answers may vary.1. Because I had forgotten to lock the front door, I . . .2. When the bear turned over the rotten log, fat . . .3. After Kevin had sent away for a set of tools, he . . .4. Because some people are allergic to wool, they . . .5. Even though an older woman in my typing class can type almost one hundred words a minute, she . . .Activity (Revise by Beginning with a Special Opening Word or Phrase), 1161. Reluctantly, Shirley signed the repair contract.2. To improve their chances of promotion, the internsvolunteered to work overtime.3. During the trial, the accused murderer grinned at thewitnesses.4. Crowded with nervous pets, the vet’s office was noisyand confusing.5. Trying to find something worth watching, Barry flippedfrom channel to channel.Activity (Revise by Placing Adjectives or Verbs in a Series),117–118Answers may vary.1. The baby toddled across the rug, picked up a button, andput the button in his mouth.2. Brown, foul-tasting water dribbled out of the rusty metaltap.3. By 6 A.M., I had read the textbook chapter, taken noteson it, studied the notes, and drunk eight cups of coffee.4. The exterminator approached the large, papery wasps’nests hanging under the old wooden eaves.5. Slim brown reeds bordered the stagnant green pond.Activity (Proofreading), 120–1211. 26. 112. 4 7. 133. 5 8. 144. 6 9. 165. 9 10. 17Corrections (methods of correction may vary):1. an ashtray which I made 6. my father, who smoked2. the pride I felt when I presented 7. bright purple, my favorite color3. a shelf; it is a remarkably 8. its rim; they are colored neon green.4. circle. Unfortunately, 9. love me, I look5. or cigar, so I made 10. ugly ashtray; the answerReview Test 1 (Using Parallelism), 1221. filled with suspense suspenseful6. selling toys toy salesperson2. furniture for the office 7. food on the table putting food on the tableoffice furniture 8. to cram cramming3. my kitchen working in my kitchen 9.bags are put on them bagged (or:put into bags)4. preparing to prepare 10. with friendliness as well and his friendliness5. being kind kindnessReview Test 2 (Using Parallelism), 1231. to buy buying 6. were whispering whispered2. shows on science science shows 7.to start starting3. porch furniture that was rotted 8. pay that is good good payrotting porch furniture 9. was putting put4. her shirt was torn a torn shirt 10. losing lost5. takingtake (or:climbing . . . taking)Review Test 1 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1241. is was taken 6. gets got the chicken2. are were not on the same shelf 7. realizes realized it contained3. proceeds proceeded slowly.8. transfers transferred the groceries,4. decides decided to pick up 9. notices noticed that the barbecued chicken5. parks parked his shopping cart 10.says said to the clerk,Review Test 2 (Using a Consistent Point of View), 1251. you they work.6. one I can meet2. you I could hear 7. were to you me.3. you we are supposed 8. you I drive4. one I must complete 9. you they have turned in5. you he could not tell 10. and asked to help you her.Review Test 1 (Using Specific Words), 126Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. . . . I felt sad, angry, and worried.2. The lukewarm soup, stale sandwiches, and limp salads . . .3. Ants, moths, and spiders . . .4. . . . it rained nonstop, with a bone-chilling wind.5. . . . a broken arm, two broken ribs, and a concussion. Review Test 2 (Using Specific Words), 127Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. The haughty, scowling salesman told us not to waste his time with stupid questions.2. Betty dug her fists into her eyes and shook with sobs.3. The third game of the World Series was a tense pitchers’duel.4. The airport lounge was thronged with holiday travelers.5. The woman in the front seat was muttering to herself and trembling.Review Test (Using Active Verbs), 1281. The health inspector closed the pizza restaurant.2. The workers in the library sorted huge stacks of donated books.3. A virus infected my computer.4. Oil companies will not increase gasoline prices this winter.5. Our airplanes dropped high-powered bombs onto enemy bases.6. The telephone company placed an additional charge on our phone bill.7. A group of vandals damaged the community center.8. Physical activity, meditation, and relaxation relieve stress.9. The federal government will raise taxes to pay for highway improvements.10. Studies show that watching violent TV programs increases violent behavior.Review Test 1 (Using Concise Words), 129Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. I finally decided to look for a new job.2. Because her printer was out of paper, Renee went to buy some.3. Tamika realized suddenly that her date had stood her up.4. Our teacher does not yet know if she will return next year.5. The salesperson advised us to wait until the price droppedbefore buying our computer.Review Test 2 (Using Concise Words), 130Answers may vary; examples are shown.1. Our company allows two fifteen-minute coffee breaks.2. Your line of credit has been increased.3. I prefer candy to fruit. (Or:I think candy tastes better than fruit.)4. Lynn rarely admits that she has made a mistake.5. Many people think that children should, by law, attend school until age sixteen.Review Test 1 (Varying Your Sentences), 131Answers will vary; examples are shown.1. Sophie had repaired her broken watchband with a paper clip, but the clip snapped and the watch slid off her wrist.2. The physical therapist watched as Julie tried to stand on her weakened legs and they crumpled under her.3. Although there were parking spaces on the street, Richie pulled into an expensive garage because he did not want to risk damage to his new car.4. Speeding, the brown truck skidded on some ice and almost hit a startled young police officer.5. A sudden terrible rainstorm flooded our basement, knocked。

英语听力教程listenthisway2答案

英语听力教程listenthisway2答案

Unit 1 Under the Same RoofPartⅠB. twoonefourthreeC. ’s a cookare six people in my familyturned twenty in Augustlive in Tokyohave two brothers and one sistername is Davidworks in a hospital1994,two daughters and one sonmet at my best friend’s birthday partyPartⅡA. parentschildrenbut equal’sknow that you have to work at it to create love people learn to work at their relationships to make their relationship workB. lauthoritarian model:children have no rightspermissive era:children are the bosses;they are allowed to do whatever they want to;parents runaround behind themthird position:parents and children are different but equalwomen’s movement:women demand a freer choiceabout who they are and how they can beappreciation for men: (1) being bread-winner and providers for families (2) being more involvedwith their childrenarranged marriage:you have to work at it to createthe lovemarriage out of love:you don’t know how to work at it when it gets tricky,and you are more easilyto opt outPartⅢA.,drinkingthe railwaya lot of gamesout,18B. 1.(F) 2.(F) 3.(T) 4.(F) 5.(F)6.(T)PartⅣA. ,knows,provider,enemy,richest,educate,ignorant,stand,around,twenty-one ,astonished,learned,hardships,hardships,through,started,right,wrong,woman,woman,back,strong,protectionB. Dad,Daddy,meal,greeting cardsee,24%,1960,8%married,poor,leave school,crimelarge,ended,50%,1960,6%70%,8%,15%,different1960s,involved,love,unemotional,leaders,punished,Most,cleaning1960s,1970s,interested,wives,housework,earnsSeveral,health,fatherhoodPartⅤUnit 2 Smacking or Reasoning?PartⅠB. trouble,obeyed,play with,winewise,dear,late,oftenresults,stopped,wanted,allowedPartⅡA. 1.2Medical Adviserten minutes,safeout againdown,chatB.PartⅢA.B. Speaker 1 : Approval of Punishment to Some Degreediscipline,too muchSpeaker 2 : Disapproval of PunishmentTalk,explain,wrongSpeaker 3 : Disapproval of PunishmentTalk withSpeaker 4 : Disapproval of PunishmentstrictSpeaker 5 : Approval of Punishment to Some Degreesmack,hand,armSpeaker 6 : Approval of Punishment to Some Degreeshout,reason,send,upto,let,spankPartⅣ adopted,born,accept,cruel,particular,parents,directly,great,biological,same,due to,early,hear,sad,told,person,shock,left,teenagers,trust,deceived,suggests,felt,thought,closely, suitablePartⅤA. TV playsleast 45 minutespiano lessons and reading a bookB. 1.(T) 2.(F) 3.(F) 4.(F)Unit 3 A Sweet,Sweet HomePartⅠB.可对照原文找答案PartⅡA. : pot-plantsType of the Dream House : a canal boatof the Dream House : a detached modern house: Cornwall,unspoiltType of the Dream House : a cottage in a smallvillage by the sea of the Dream House : a white-walled villa in Spain of the Dream House : a big old family house in thecountry: daft,isolated,high tideType of the Dream House : an enormous castle onan isolatedislandB. reda little roof-gardenpillarsand treetsinto the seaheatdry-stone walla boatPartⅢA. Things That Will Be Taken Away : fridge,washingmachineTings That Will Be Left Bahind : gas cooker/stove,gas fire,plumbing,electric shower,ovenB. The smallest bedroom : a bedThe medium sized bedroom : a fitted cupboardsome shelves The largest bedroom : a wash basina double fitted cupboarda double bedThe bathroom : an airing cupboardan electric shower1.(F)2.(F)3.(T)4.(F)5.(T) PartⅣ 45%,married parents,18,traditional,25%population,live,changes,occupy,one parent,not married,related,family members,same sexdecreased,in a hurry,financial security,later, having childrenlonger,left homeliving alone,27 000 000,26%,choose,failed,65,died100 000 000,households,25%,7 000 000,high rate,unmarried,one third2 000 000,increaseeffects,government,added,social service,two-parent PartⅤ 1.(F) 2.(T) 3.(F) 4.(F) 5.(T) 6.(F) 7.(T)Unit 4 Going to School [Ⅰ]PartⅠB.1.(T)2.(F)3.(T)4.(F)5.(T)6.(T)7.(F) 8.(F) 9.(F)C. ,c,f ,c,e,f,g,h,i,l PartⅡA. French teacherfive yearsyearsand Germanand vocabularyand cassettesclassFranceB. Nationality:EnglishAppearance: hair: blackeyes: darkeyebrows: very thick and bushyother features: glasses with black framesLesisure activity: music: playing pianosingingsport: rugbytennisFamily: three children and an interesting wifeC. serious,friendly,learned a lot,strict,work very hard,interesting,France and theFrench,languages,university,foreign language,opening a door,a window,foreign country,do things,think,only way,best wayPartⅢA. Advantages : unexpected,entertaining/funnyDisadvantage : terriblyhard,physically,emotionallyB. Ⅰ.human,open,to know more about themopen,relaxed,formalprogress,assessmentⅡ.try to win and earn the respect of childrena relaxed relationship and relaxed classroompurposeful quality workC. unexpectedtrust,personthe big world,relationships,valuesproperly,appropriatemagic,excitingcaresrelaxed,friendly,supportiveindividualsallows,individualvoice,feedback,valuable,planning,developingrespect,relaxedPartⅣcolleges,universities,brains,information,libraries,solve,problems,reports,letters1 000 million,900 million,require,own,givee-mail,communicate,friends,family,research,learn,grades,sign,classes,comecommunications,organization,English,history,5 000,1985,information,day,night,requirement,professor,students, much,more,two,three,four,admits,limitscomputer-based,older,job,family,40%,non-traditional PartⅤ Jack : at his aunt’s house at the seaside.to take his toys—took teddy.’t have a very good time,but made a lotof friends and found a wife.Robson—kind,marvelous storyteller.—pulled his ear.of water fell on .Shirly : District:honey and porridge for breakfast.frightened and shy.school—a bit of a goody-goody.Brown—made history come to life.—impatient math teacher.cried.Unit 5 Going to School [Ⅱ]PartⅠB. Problems : ,dictionarypoint,article,paragraph,seriousAdivices : ,firstthrough,what it’s about,take notesmuch aslimit,as much as,timeC. Pros : ,text books,educational equipmentprograms,inerest,math,understand,secondary,collegesCons : ,books,sports,educational visitsInvadertime,electronic gamesPartⅡA. Good qualities :at drawingin Englishoral skillsin sportShortcomings : concentrating in class too much in class giving in homework B. ,talk/chat,harder,talking,term,say,bottom,hockeyPartⅢA. you a list of courses and some general advice. Write to schools.2)Ask people who’ve been on a course.Private language schools.2)Further education colleges.3)Universities.English.speak to you,you don’t get on with.it rains.2)the weather turns cold.3)one’s money gets stolen.B. ,elementary,finding out,British Councilout,various addresses,English familyclasses,real life situation,far andaway,acquiringrecommendation,stayed with,heard about,metPartⅣaims,values,indicate,personally,skilled,authority,Influencing,Changing,Raising,active,backgrounds,responsibility,rich, difficulty,contribution,original,owing,Creating,political,successful,environment,philosophy,community,married,very impotant,seven,percentageKeeping up,52%,sociallife,59%,field,62%,friends,64%,family,66%,Helping,70%,Developing,75%objectives,first-year,desire,business,tell,cleanup,rated,45%concern,decidingPartⅤ WOMAN : Wake up,Work,breakfast,Potter about,shopping,a rest,suupperMAN : Get up,seven,a cup of coffee,totally organized,six hours,stoppingUnit 6 Earning and Spending Money Wisely PartⅠB. the basementfifty poundsplatespoundsthe third floorpoundssupermarketthe roof gardenPartⅡ可对照原文找答案PartⅢA. the 10th May.ten o’clock.five o’clock.4.18.50 pounds.5.19.50 pounds.the 9th May.pounds.pounds.pounds.10.2.5 pounds.B. 1.(F) 2.(T) 3.(T) 4.(F)5.(F)6.(T)7.(F)8.(F)9.(T)10.(F)PartⅣA. 8—12 years old780unskilled workershousehold chores31／2per week11／2per weekB.可对照原文找答案PartⅤUnit 7 Choice Versus ChancePartⅠB. B→F→D→A→G→C→EPartⅡA. a hotel.On the beach.In Italy.500 pouds.the morning.in the kitchen:wash and peel vegetables,prebreakfast trays,wash up,etc.T F T FTout deck chairs and selling newspapers.wanted a cheap holiday.has been working as a courier,and taking Americans round Italy on coach tours.’s been invited to go and work in Ame rica next summer.B. enjoying,boring,too bad,quite interesting,the workitself,the friends,spare time,seaside town,goingon,dancing,bowing,cinemas,afternoons off,sunbathing and swimmingPartⅢA. an abattoir,a factory,station,a chicken batteryB. First speaker: televisionreporter,archaeologist,anthropologistSecond speaker: third baseman for the New York Mets Third speaker: photographerC. 1st speaker: mad,money,travel,different coutries2nd speaker: boring,responsibility,best baseball team 3rd speaker: incapable,torture,work withpeople,independent,ownPartⅣ vocation,chance,choice,selecting,vocational planning,the world ofwork,requirements,present,time,effort,study,rewardsfactors,interests,training,salaries,essentialgrow,decline,economy,demand,changesAccountants,programmers,officers,engineers,Lawyers,Medical,Public-relations,financial,Tool,agentsmanual,rely on,respond,opportunities,workersButchers,operators,Mail,clerks,installersPartⅤA. thinks that to be conscientious means to beextremely careful and pay attention to details.left her last job because she wanted somethingmore challenging.B. knew that Michael was the Director’s nephewand he did not want Mrs. Grey to embarrass Michaelby her questions.plays football twice a week and plays golfnearly every morning.C. James. Because he is the Director’s nephe w.2.(Open-ended)Unit 8 Eating the Right ThingsPartⅠB.可对照原文找答案C.coffee,caffeine,morning,393,sugar,decaf,article,heart,five,death,Americans,people,body,five,Coke,twice,drinks,health,myself,walkPartⅡB. Terms: Natural foodUsage of the term: all kinds,Narrower,the same food,preciseExamples: dried beans,Fresh fruit/raw honey,organic fertilizer refined,Meats,hormonesC. ’s not. It’s an example of processed food. Inbread-making,a number of chemical substances areadded.content is greatly reduced.usually base their choice on smell,color and texture.Actually we should consider vitamin content instead.PartⅢA. fast foodofoften,weekmain mealof,convenient,tastes,expensiveB.,sandwiches,pizza,kebabsto Friday:every day;weekends:no;in the eveningsmeal6.PartⅣ 350 000,one percent,organic,chemicals,labor,sales,13%,28%, farms,land,operations,marketstores,supply,producers,milk,butter,meats,chickens,drugs,fertilizers,Harvests,organization,three,soiltransportation,crops,changes,demandPartⅤAncient Egyptians: record,gum swelling,spices and onions,person,5 000,doctor of the toothChinese: acupuncture,filling holes,mercury,silver and tinMaya: pretty,stone and metalAncient Romans: false teeth,replaceEuropeans: barber-surgeons,cutting hair,pulling teeth,dental treatmentFrench: modern dentistry,dental scienceUnit 9 About YourselfPartⅠB. ,24,32,153,206,98,7.(meaning: not interfere in)(meaning: cause embarrassment by doing or sayingsth. tactless),hand(meaning: ask for help)(meaning: listen with care)(meaning: completely)(meaning: deeply involved in),heart(meaning: with the deepest devotion)PartⅡA. 4 3 5 2 4 1 3 4 4 1B. Causes of diarrhea: food poisoning,themselves,the gut,get very nervous,stressed about something diarrheaTreatment of diarrhea: serious,clear up,one or twodays,drink lots of fluid,eat toomuch,salt and sugar,speciallymixed,sugar and a pinch of saltPartⅢB. there are some things which we’re not naturally immune to.version of an illness is given to the body,and the body thinks that it’s actually beinginfected with that infection. The next time itsees it,the body can respond very quickly.. We can’t produce a vaccine for AIDS,forinstance.HIV virus,which causes AIDS,attacks the human immune system. And the virus itself can changevery easily. It’s very difficult to find avaccine which can recognize all types of HIV.C. headquarters→bloodGobbling up invadersHaving a memeory of invadersUnderactive—more likely to be infectedthe immune system: 2 3vaccination: 5HIV: 1 4 6PartⅣparts,waste,body,needed,heart,defense,cells,invaderstwo,lungs,blood,back,arterieswalls,cell,heart,oxygen,blood,digestive,liver,heartPartⅤCaller’s name: Jime BaillieProblem: losing hairCaller’s doctor’s opinion: nothing he can do aboutit;hereditarySolution: not a lot he can do about it;try to accept Advice: don’t comb it over;don’t wear any false hairpiec e thingsUnit 10 Safety FirstPartⅠB.face,eye,cotton,five,badly,soon,deep,gently,closed,nail,dirt,bandage,children,calm,wetC. loose,low,reflector,handlebars,tyres,work,workfast,speed,wet,hands,distance,rules,basket,opening,Slow down,Ring,Giveagainst,carryPartⅡA. 1→5→6→4→2→3→7B. faceup,the mouth and nosefrom behind,on the foreheadthe nostrils,the palm of hand,the neck upa tight seal over the mouth,the first four breathsevery five seconds,if the chest is fallingPartⅢB. 2: Number of British deaths last week9:Total number of British deaths this year30: Total number of British deaths over the past five years 245: Number of deaths from different nations over the past5 years1 000+: Number of person badly injured31: Number of deaths in July an August40: Number of members at Gendarmerie Mountain RescueService at Chamonix80%: Percentage of accidents due to mistakes made byclimbers themselves3/4: Ratio of accidents happening on the way down the mountain C. ascended Mont Blanc for the first time.1808,a young waitress in Chamonix conquered the mountain. of the accidents happen on the way down the mountain.are due to climbers’ tiredness,mistakes made by climbersthemselves and the failure to take sufficient accountof the weather conditions. Slips are the most commoncause.PartⅣ prepared,diets,2 500million,cost,nutritious,designedhealth,bacteriastorage,formation,bacterium,17million,organisms,eight,running,removal,infectionsafer,15,20project,agency,teaching,public,videotape,increased,inspectorssuccessful,copyimprove,market,services,cooked,uncooked,urgedwelcome,recognizePartⅤA. Austria: first aid kit/compulsory,driving licenses/confiscated/alcohol offence,mountain roads/uphill/rightBelgium: right/right,accident/stay at the sceneFrance: seat bells/compulsory/outside built-up areas,over alcohol limit/imprisoned/10-30days/finedHolland: seat belts/compulsory/drivers and front-seatpassengers up 1.6m,children under six/backItaly: penalities/drunken drivers/prison up to 6 months,translation of drivers’ licenses/essentialGermany: red warning triangle/compulsory,parking facingoncoming traffic/forbiddenB.Unit 11 Sportsmanship and ChampionshipPartⅠB.可对照原文找答案C. and western (59%)news (92%)guides (17m)(17%)their free time,they like to be active. (40%) PartⅡA. bendshoulder-standB. ,back,lift,legs,resting,shoulers,legs,back,stretch,legs,toes touch,back,arch,back,take,crown,head,bend,stomach,raise,head,stomach,arms,raise,legs,stomach,raise,legs,trunk,catch,feet,hands,headC. Candle: 1 minute:—Plogh: 2 minutes: good for circulation of blood tothe brainFish: 1 minute:—Forward Bend: 2 minutes: good for stomach and wholedigestive systemCobra: 1 minute: straighten backLocust: 1 minute: good for blood circulation and back Bow: 1 minute: lose weightHeadstand: 1 – 10 minutes: good for the whole bodyPartⅢA.B. Panda,Fujino shin,The Truth,150 kilos,60 kilos,Onokuni2.Naples,Cameroon,Columbia,comes out,RogerMilla,score,2:0,the Cameroon,quarter finalmeters,hits the front,1’44”96,second serious outdoorracePartⅣ seen,experienced,shaking,four,knocking,leaping,opponents,hard-fought,exchanging,90,touching,hugging,beating, competitors,behavesportsmanship,sports,competition,clean,victory,defeat,grace, dignityplaying,following,respecting,officials,treating,respectgolden,treating,with,against,treated,demonstrate,yourself,teammates,opponents,coaches,referees,judgesreserved,field,fans,parents,aware,competition,style,attitude,positiveLean,Play,Show,work,realize,deserves,politely,courteously,before,after,cool,tempers,Remind,hard,practiced,played, Avoid,violence,threatening,help,respond,penalized,hurt, Cheer,statements,trash-talking,Acknowledge,applaud,call,gracefully,right,people,best,win,lose,congratulatePartⅤA. snooker hurdling football sumo cricket bowlingskiing table tennis swimming golf tennis hockeyrunning boxing baseball squash basketball rugbyB.Unit 12 ReviewActivity 1 Children’s jokessaid,”That wasn’t an accident. The bull did it on purpose.”the horse and the man went off the edge.means sarcastically that the London Bridge was built withina very short period of time,less than one day.4.(Open ended)Activity 2 Do you believe it?A sends TV sports show to earth.kangaroos attack school.Greek statue has face of rock star.loses one hundred pounds.joins soccer team.B.Activity 3 Hope you don’t mind my askingFirst speaker: A nice mealTo go to IndonesiaGetting to OxfordWinston ChurchillHis wifeDaughtersaid,”Daddy,you’re the most wonderful person in the world.”Second speaker: Sitting in front of a fire and reading To have as much money as possibleHaving her daughterMahatma GandhiHer daughterWent for a nice walkThird speaker: His workTo go on a safari in East AfricaRaising three daughtersHis wifeHis wifeWent for a drive in the countryActivity 4 Market surveyStan: 1. think of a list of Christmas presents I’m going to buy anda list of people I have to send cards to2. add up the prices of what I buy,what I spend every week onfood and drink3. compare prices now with what I used to play 10 years ago Judy: 1. try to remember the most romantic evening I ever spent with my husband,and try to remember every detail: place,clothing,etc 2. day-dream what I would do with the money if my husband won amillion on the football pools3. wonder what a famous film star in the queue would be buying Alice: 1. try to remember the people I went to school with,classmates, teachers,and what we all did at school2. try to remember a particular group and try to see how much Iknow about their lives afterwards: marriage,children,occupation,living places,etc.3. reconstruct the family tree with the names and dates and allthe different relationships back to the great-grandparents 4. text my memory,see if I can remember what I was doing aweek/month ago or relive a moment in my summer holidayActivity 5 You and your communityActivity 6 Help your doctor to help youdisease,stoke,flu,bronchitis,birth injuries,congenital malformations,cancer,accidents,pneumonia,diabetes,cirrhosis of the liver,suicide,alcohol,physical inactivity,over-eatingover-weight eat less,Drinkers drink less,Smokers stop smoking ,Everyone takes a little more exerciseActivity 7 Men and womenWomen Do Better: doing more than one thing at a timedeveloping relationshipsThings Men Do Better: reading mapsgeography: talk to someone or probably cook something at the same timeto look at the world and think”we can write it down ona piece of paper”to please other peoplehave fairly personal and truthful conversations even after a relatively short time of knowing each other Men: difficult to conduct a conversation at the same timeto reduce things,for example,the universe to something easily understandableto please themselvesconversations not about real things,for example,talk about their work or their interests in a superficial way。

Basketball English体育英语(篮球)

Basketball English体育英语(篮球)

Art 1. Origin of Basketball (Naismith)

In 1891,Dr.Luther Gulick, the head of Physical Education at the School for Christian Workers at the YWCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, issued a challenge to Dr.James Naismith, one of the school’s instructors: come up with an indoor game that would occupy some unruly students during the winter.

Since the arrival of Houston Rockets superstar Yao Ming in the NBA in 2002, the game has grown considerably in the world's most populated country. Some experts estimate as many as 300 million of China's 1.3 billion population now play basketball. The first professional team in China was a team that started in Shenyang and was sponsored by the Anshan Steel Company. The Chinese Basketball Association was established in 1995 and in 2008 it expanded to 18 teams. The fact that USA is starting to notice Chinese players after Yao Ming's success (compared to Wang Zhizhi and Mengke Bateer), and young CBA players such as Yi Jianlian and Sun Yue entering the NBA are examples of this change in trend. In 2008, Sun Yue became the latest Chinese to join the NBA by signing with the Los Angeles Lakers to a two year contract.

计量经济学导论ch04习题答案

计量经济学导论ch04习题答案

28CHAPTER 4TEACHING NOTESAt the start of this chapter is good time to remind students that a specific error distribution played no role in the results of Chapter 3. That is because only the first two moments were derived under the full set of Gauss-Markov assumptions. Nevertheless, normality is needed to obtain exact normal sampling distributions (conditional on the explanatory variables). Iemphasize that the full set of CLM assumptions are used in this chapter, but that in Chapter 5 we relax the normality assumption and still perform approximately valid inference. One could argue that the classical linear model results could be skipped entirely, and that only large-sample analysis is needed. But, from a practical perspective, students still need to know where the t distribution comes from because virtually all regression packages report t statistics and obtain p -values off of the t distribution. I then find it very easy to cover Chapter 5 quickly, by just saying we can drop normality and still use t statistics and the associated p -values as beingapproximately valid. Besides, occasionally students will have to analyze smaller data sets, especially if they do their own small surveys for a term project.It is crucial to emphasize that we test hypotheses about unknown population parameters. I tellmy students that they will be punished if they write something like H 0:1ˆβ = 0 on an exam or, even worse, H 0: .632 = 0.One useful feature of Chapter 4 is its illustration of how to rewrite a population model so that it contains the parameter of interest in testing a single restriction. I find this is easier, both theoretically and practically, than computing variances that can, in some cases, depend onnumerous covariance terms. The example of testing equality of the return to two- and four-year colleges illustrates the basic method, and shows that the respecified model can have a useful interpretation. Of course, some statistical packages now provide a standard error for linear combinations of estimates with a simple command, and that should be taught, too.One can use an F test for single linear restrictions on multiple parameters, but this is less transparent than a t test and does not immediately produce the standard error needed for aconfidence interval or for testing a one-sided alternative. The trick of rewriting the population model is useful in several instances, including obtaining confidence intervals for predictions in Chapter 6, as well as for obtaining confidence intervals for marginal effects in models with interactions (also in Chapter 6).The major league baseball player salary example illustrates the difference between individual and joint significance when explanatory variables (rbisyr and hrunsyr in this case) are highly correlated. I tend to emphasize the R -squared form of the F statistic because, in practice, it is applicable a large percentage of the time, and it is much more readily computed. I do regret that this example is biased toward students in countries where baseball is played. Still, it is one of the better examples of multicollinearity that I have come across, and students of all backgrounds seem to get the point.29SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS4.1 (i) H 0:3β = 0. H 1:3β > 0.(ii) The proportionate effect on n salaryis .00024(50) = .012. To obtain the percentage effect, we multiply this by 100: 1.2%. Therefore, a 50 point ceteris paribus increase in ros is predicted to increase salary by only 1.2%. Practically speaking, this is a very small effect for such a large change in ros .(iii) The 10% critical value for a one-tailed test, using df = ∞, is obtained from Table G.2 as 1.282. The t statistic on ros is .00024/.00054 ≈ .44, which is well below the critical value. Therefore, we fail to reject H 0 at the 10% significance level.(iv) Based on this sample, the estimated ros coefficient appears to be different from zero only because of sampling variation. On the other hand, including ros may not be causing any harm; it depends on how correlated it is with the other independent variables (although these are very significant even with ros in the equation).4.2 (i) and (iii) generally cause the t statistics not to have a t distribution under H 0.Homoskedasticity is one of the CLM assumptions. An important omitted variable violates Assumption MLR.3. The CLM assumptions contain no mention of the sample correlations among independent variables, except to rule out the case where the correlation is one.4.3 (i) While the standard error on hrsemp has not changed, the magnitude of the coefficient has increased by half. The t statistic on hrsemp has gone from about –1.47 to –2.21, so now the coefficient is statistically less than zero at the 5% level. (From Table G.2 the 5% critical value with 40 df is –1.684. The 1% critical value is –2.423, so the p -value is between .01 and .05.)(ii) If we add and subtract 2βlog(employ ) from the right-hand-side and collect terms, we havelog(scrap ) = 0β + 1βhrsemp + [2βlog(sales) – 2βlog(employ )] + [2βlog(employ ) + 3βlog(employ )] + u = 0β + 1βhrsemp + 2βlog(sales /employ ) + (2β + 3β)log(employ ) + u ,where the second equality follows from the fact that log(sales /employ ) = log(sales ) – log(employ ). Defining 3θ ≡ 2β + 3β gives the result.30(iii) No. We are interested in the coefficient on log(employ ), which has a t statistic of .2, which is very small. Therefore, we conclude that the size of the firm, as measured by employees, does not matter, once we control for training and sales per employee (in a logarithmic functional form).(iv) The null hypothesis in the model from part (ii) is H 0:2β = –1. The t statistic is [–.951 – (–1)]/.37 = (1 – .951)/.37 ≈ .132; this is very small, and we fail to reject whether we specify a one- or two-sided alternative.4.4 (i) In columns (2) and (3), the coefficient on profmarg is actually negative, although its t statistic is only about –1. It appears that, once firm sales and market value have been controlled for, profit margin has no effect on CEO salary.(ii) We use column (3), which controls for the most factors affecting salary. The t statistic on log(mktval ) is about 2.05, which is just significant at the 5% level against a two-sided alternative. (We can use the standard normal critical value, 1.96.) So log(mktval ) is statistically significant. Because the coefficient is an elasticity, a ceteris paribus 10% increase in market value is predicted to increase salary by 1%. This is not a huge effect, but it is not negligible, either.(iii) These variables are individually significant at low significance levels, with t ceoten ≈ 3.11 and t comten ≈ –2.79. Other factors fixed, another year as CEO with the company increases salary by about 1.71%. On the other hand, another year with the company, but not as CEO, lowers salary by about .92%. This second finding at first seems surprising, but could be related to the “superstar” effect: firms that hire CEOs from outside the company often go after a small pool of highly regarded candidates, and salaries of these people are bid up. More non-CEO years with a company makes it less likely the person was hired as an outside superstar.4.5 (i) With df = n – 2 = 86, we obtain the 5% critical value from Table G.2 with df = 90.Because each test is two-tailed, the critical value is 1.987. The t statistic for H 0:0β = 0 is about -.89, which is much less than 1.987 in absolute value. Therefore, we fail to reject 0β = 0. The t statistic for H 0: 1β = 1 is (.976 – 1)/.049 ≈ -.49, which is even less significant. (Remember, we reject H 0 in favor of H 1 in this case only if |t | > 1.987.)(ii) We use the SSR form of the F statistic. We are testing q = 2 restrictions and the df in the unrestricted model is 86. We are given SSR r = 209,448.99 and SSR ur = 165,644.51. Therefore,(209,448.99165,644.51)8611.37,165,644.512F −⎛⎞=⋅≈⎜⎟⎝⎠which is a strong rejection of H 0: from Table G.3c, the 1% critical value with 2 and 90 df is 4.85.31(iii) We use the R -squared form of the F statistic. We are testing q = 3 restrictions and there are 88 – 5 = 83 df in the unrestricted model. The F statistic is [(.829 – .820)/(1 – .829)](83/3) ≈ 1.46. The 10% critical value (again using 90 denominator df in Table G.3a) is 2.15, so we fail to reject H 0 at even the 10% level. In fact, the p -value is about .23.(iv) If heteroskedasticity were present, Assumption MLR.5 would be violated, and the F statistic would not have an F distribution under the null hypothesis. Therefore, comparing the F statistic against the usual critical values, or obtaining the p -value from the F distribution, would not be especially meaningful.4.6 (i) We need to compute the F statistic for the overall significance of the regression with n = 142 and k = 4: F = [.0395/(1 – .0395)](137/4) ≈ 1.41. The 5% critical value with 4 numerator df and using 120 for the numerator df , is 2.45, which is well above the value of F . Therefore, we fail to reject H 0: 1β = 2β = 3β = 4β = 0 at the 10% level. No explanatory variable isindividually significant at the 5% level. The largest absolute t statistic is on dkr , t dkr ≈ 1.60, which is not significant at the 5% level against a two-sided alternative.(ii) The F statistic (with the same df ) is now [.0330/(1 – .0330)](137/4) ≈ 1.17, which is even lower than in part (i). None of the t statistics is significant at a reasonable level.(iii) We probably should not use the logs, as the logarithm is not defined for firms that have zero for dkr or eps . Therefore, we would lose some firms in the regression.(iv) It seems very weak. There are no significant t statistics at the 5% level (against a two-sided alternative), and the F statistics are insignificant in both cases. Plus, less than 4% of the variation in return is explained by the independent variables.4.7 (i) .412 ± 1.96(.094), or about .228 to .596.(ii) No, because the value .4 is well inside the 95% CI.(iii) Yes, because 1 is well outside the 95% CI.4.8 (i) With df = 706 – 4 = 702, we use the standard normal critical value (df = ∞ in Table G.2), which is 1.96 for a two-tailed test at the 5% level. Now t educ = −11.13/5.88 ≈ −1.89, so |t educ | = 1.89 < 1.96, and we fail to reject H 0: educ β = 0 at the 5% level. Also, t age ≈ 1.52, so age is also statistically insignificant at the 5% level.(ii) We need to compute the R -squared form of the F statistic for joint significance. But F = [(.113 − .103)/(1 − .113)](702/2) ≈ 3.96. The 5% critical value in the F 2,702 distribution can be obtained from Table G.3b with denominator df = ∞: cv = 3.00. Therefore, educ and age are jointly significant at the 5% level (3.96 > 3.00). In fact, the p -value is about .019, and so educ and age are jointly significant at the 2% level.32(iii) Not really. These variables are jointly significant, but including them only changes the coefficient on totwrk from –.151 to –.148.(iv) The standard t and F statistics that we used assume homoskedasticity, in addition to the other CLM assumptions. If there is heteroskedasticity in the equation, the tests are no longer valid.4.9 (i) H 0:3β = 0. H 1:3β ≠ 0.(ii) Other things equal, a larger population increases the demand for rental housing, which should increase rents. The demand for overall housing is higher when average income is higher, pushing up the cost of housing, including rental rates.(iii) The coefficient on log(pop ) is an elasticity. A correct statement is that “a 10% increase in population increases rent by .066(10) = .66%.”(iv) With df = 64 – 4 = 60, the 1% critical value for a two-tailed test is 2.660. The t statistic is about 3.29, which is well above the critical value. So 3β is statistically different from zero at the 1% level.4.10 (i) We use Property VAR.3 from Appendix B: Var(1ˆβ − 32ˆβ) = Var (1ˆβ) + 9 Var (2ˆβ) – 6 Cov (1ˆβ,2ˆβ).(ii) t = (1ˆβ− 32ˆβ − 1)/se(1ˆβ− 32ˆβ), so we need the standard error of 1ˆβ − 32ˆβ.(iii) Because1θ = 1β – 3β2, we can write 1β = 1θ + 3β2. Plugging this into the population model gives y = 0β + (1θ + 3β2)x 1 + 2βx 2 + 3βx 3 + u = 0β + 1θx 1 + 2β(3x 1 + x 2) + 3βx 3 + u .This last equation is what we would estimate by regressing y on x 1, 3x 1 + x 2, and x 3. The coefficient and standard error on x 1 are what we want.4.11 (i) Holding profmarg fixed, n rdintensΔ = .321 Δlog(sales ) = (.321/100)[100log()sales ⋅Δ] ≈ .00321(%Δsales ). Therefore, if %Δsales = 10, n rdintens Δ ≈ .032, or only about 3/100 of a percentage point. For such a large percentage increase in sales,this seems like a practically small effect.33(ii) H 0:1β = 0 versus H 1:1β > 0, where 1β is the population slope on log(sales ). The t statistic is .321/.216 ≈ 1.486. The 5% critical value for a one-tailed test, with df = 32 – 3 = 29, is obtained from Table G.2 as 1.699; so we cannot reject H 0 at the 5% level. But the 10% critical value is 1.311; since the t statistic is above this value, we reject H 0 in favor of H 1 at the 10% level.(iii) Not really. Its t statistic is only 1.087, which is well below even the 10% critical value for a one-tailed test.34SOLUTIONS TO COMPUTER EXERCISESC4.1 (i) Holding other factors fixed,111log()(/100)[100log()](/100)(%),voteA expendA expendA expendA βββΔ=Δ=⋅Δ≈Δwhere we use the fact that 100log()expendA ⋅Δ ≈ %expendA Δ. So 1β/100 is the (ceteris paribus) percentage point change in voteA when expendA increases by one percent.(ii) The null hypothesis is H 0: 2β = –1β, which means a z% increase in expenditure by A and a z% increase in expenditure by B leaves voteA unchanged. We can equivalently write H 0: 1β + 2β = 0.(iii) The estimated equation (with standard errors in parentheses below estimates) isn voteA = 45.08 + 6.083 log(expendA ) – 6.615 log(expendB ) + .152 prtystrA (3.93) (0.382) (0.379) (.062)n = 173, R 2 = .793.The coefficient on log(expendA ) is very significant (t statistic ≈ 15.92), as is the coefficient on log(expendB ) (t statistic ≈ –17.45). The estimates imply that a 10% ceteris paribus increase in spending by candidate A increases the predicted share of the vote going to A by about .61percentage points. [Recall that, holding other factors fixed, n voteAΔ≈(6.083/100)%ΔexpendA ).] Similarly, a 10% ceteris paribus increase in spending by B reduces n voteAby about .66 percentage points. These effects certainly cannot be ignored.While the coefficients on log(expendA ) and log(expendB ) are of similar magnitudes (andopposite in sign, as we expect), we do not have the standard error of 1ˆβ + 2ˆβ, which is what we would need to test the hypothesis from part (ii).(iv) Write1θ = 1β +2β, or 1β = 1θ– 2β. Plugging this into the original equation, and rearranging, givesn voteA = 0β + 1θlog(expendA ) + 2β[log(expendB ) – log(expendA )] +3βprtystrA + u ,When we estimate this equation we obtain 1θ≈ –.532 and se( 1θ)≈ .533. The t statistic for the hypothesis in part (ii) is –.532/.533 ≈ –1. Therefore, we fail to reject H 0: 2β = –1β.35C4.2 (i) In the modellog(salary ) = 0β+1βLSAT +2βGPA + 3βlog(libvol ) +4βlog(cost)+5βrank + u ,the hypothesis that rank has no effect on log(salary ) is H 0:5β = 0. The estimated equation (now with standard errors) isn log()salary = 8.34 + .0047 LSAT + .248 GPA + .095 log(libvol )(0.53) (.0040) (.090) (.033)+ .038 log(cost ) – .0033 rank (.032) (.0003)n = 136, R 2 = .842.The t statistic on rank is –11, which is very significant. If rank decreases by 10 (which is a move up for a law school), median starting salary is predicted to increase by about 3.3%.(ii) LSAT is not statistically significant (t statistic ≈ 1.18) but GPA is very significance (t statistic ≈ 2.76). The test for joint significance is moot given that GPA is so significant, but for completeness the F statistic is about 9.95 (with 2 and 130 df ) and p -value ≈ .0001.(iii) When we add clsize and faculty to the regression we lose five observations. The test of their joint significant (with 2 and 131 – 8 = 123 df ) gives F ≈ .95 and p -value ≈ .39. So these two variables are not jointly significant unless we use a very large significance level.(iv) If we want to just determine the effect of numerical ranking on starting law school salaries, we should control for other factors that affect salaries and rankings. The idea is that there is some randomness in rankings, or the rankings might depend partly on frivolous factors that do not affect quality of the students. LSAT scores and GPA are perhaps good controls for student quality. However, if there are differences in gender and racial composition acrossschools, and systematic gender and race differences in salaries, we could also control for these. However, it is unclear why these would be correlated with rank . Faculty quality, as perhaps measured by publication records, could be included. Such things do enter rankings of law schools.C4.3 (i) The estimated model isn log()price = 11.67 + .000379 sqrft + .0289 bdrms (0.10) (.000043) (.0296)n = 88, R 2 = .588.36Therefore, 1ˆθ= 150(.000379) + .0289 = .0858, which means that an additional 150 square foot bedroom increases the predicted price by about 8.6%.(ii)2β= 1θ – 1501β, and solog(price ) = 0β+ 1βsqrft + (1θ – 1501β)bdrms + u=0β+ 1β(sqrft – 150 bdrms ) + 1θbdrms + u .(iii) From part (ii), we run the regressionlog(price ) on (sqrft – 150 bdrms ), bdrms ,and obtain the standard error on bdrms . We already know that 1ˆθ= .0858; now we also getse(1ˆθ) = .0268. The 95% confidence interval reported by my software package is .0326 to .1390(or about 3.3% to 13.9%).C4.4 The R -squared from the regression bwght on cigs , parity , and faminc , using all 1,388observations, is about .0348. This means that, if we mistakenly use this in place of .0364, which is the R -squared using the same 1,191 observations available in the unrestricted regression, we would obtain F = [(.0387 − .0348)/(1 − .0387)](1,185/2) ≈ 2.40, which yields p -value ≈ .091 in an F distribution with 2 and 1,1185 df . This is significant at the 10% level, but it is incorrect. The correct F statistic was computed as 1.42 in Example 4.9, with p -value ≈ .242.C4.5 (i) If we drop rbisyr the estimated equation becomesn log()salary = 11.02 + .0677 years + .0158 gamesyr (0.27) (.0121) (.0016) + .0014 bavg + .0359 hrunsyr (.0011) (.0072)n = 353, R 2= .625.Now hrunsyr is very statistically significant (t statistic ≈ 4.99), and its coefficient has increased by about two and one-half times.(ii) The equation with runsyr , fldperc , and sbasesyr added is37n log()salary = 10.41 + .0700 years + .0079 gamesyr(2.00) (.0120) (.0027)+ .00053 bavg + .0232 hrunsyr(.00110) (.0086)+ .0174 runsyr + .0010 fldperc – .0064 sbasesyr (.0051) (.0020) (.0052) n = 353, R 2 = .639.Of the three additional independent variables, only runsyr is statistically significant (t statistic = .0174/.0051 ≈ 3.41). The estimate implies that one more run per year, other factors fixed,increases predicted salary by about 1.74%, a substantial increase. The stolen bases variable even has the “wrong” sign with a t statistic of about –1.23, while fldperc has a t statistic of only .5. Most major league baseball players are pretty good fielders; in fact, the smallest fldperc is 800 (which means .800). With relatively little variation in fldperc , it is perhaps not surprising that its effect is hard to estimate.(iii) From their t statistics, bavg , fldperc , and sbasesyr are individually insignificant. The F statistic for their joint significance (with 3 and 345 df ) is about .69 with p -value ≈ .56. Therefore, these variables are jointly very insignificant.C4.6 (i) In the modellog(wage ) = 0β + 1βeduc + 2βexper + 3βtenure + uthe null hypothesis of interest is H 0: 2β = 3β.(ii) Let2θ = 2β – 3β. Then we can estimate the equationlog(wage ) = 0β + 1βeduc + 2θexper + 3β(exper + tenure ) + uto obtain the 95% CI for 2θ. This turns out to be about .0020 ± 1.96(.0047), or about -.0072 to .0112. Because zero is in this CI, 2θ is not statistically different from zero at the 5% level, and we fail to reject H 0: 2β = 3β at the 5% level.C4.7 (i) The minimum value is 0, the maximum is 99, and the average is about 56.16. (ii) When phsrank is added to (4.26), we get the following:n log() wage = 1.459 − .0093 jc + .0755 totcoll + .0049 exper + .00030 phsrank (0.024) (.0070) (.0026) (.0002) (.00024)38 n = 6,763, R 2 = .223So phsrank has a t statistic equal to only 1.25; it is not statistically significant. If we increase phsrank by 10, log(wage ) is predicted to increase by (.0003)10 = .003. This implies a .3% increase in wage , which seems a modest increase given a 10 percentage point increase in phsrank . (However, the sample standard deviation of phsrank is about 24.)(iii) Adding phsrank makes the t statistic on jc even smaller in absolute value, about 1.33, but the coefficient magnitude is similar to (4.26). Therefore, the base point remains unchanged: the return to a junior college is estimated to be somewhat smaller, but the difference is not significant and standard significant levels.(iv) The variable id is just a worker identification number, which should be randomly assigned (at least roughly). Therefore, id should not be correlated with any variable in the regression equation. It should be insignificant when added to (4.17) or (4.26). In fact, its t statistic is about .54.C4.8 (i) There are 2,017 single people in the sample of 9,275.(ii) The estimated equation isn nettfa = −43.04 + .799 inc + .843 age ( 4.08) (.060) (.092)n = 2,017, R 2 = .119.The coefficient on inc indicates that one more dollar in income (holding age fixed) is reflected in about 80 more cents in predicted nettfa ; no surprise there. The coefficient on age means that, holding income fixed, if a person gets another year older, his/her nettfa is predicted to increase by about $843. (Remember, nettfa is in thousands of dollars.) Again, this is not surprising.(iii) The intercept is not very interesting as it gives the predicted nettfa for inc = 0 and age = 0. Clearly, there is no one with even close to these values in the relevant population.(iv) The t statistic is (.843 − 1)/.092 ≈ −1.71. Against the one-sided alternative H 1: β2 < 1, the p-value is about .044. Therefore, we can reject H 0: β2 = 1 at the 5% significance level (against the one-sided alternative).(v) The slope coefficient on inc in the simple regression is about .821, which is not very different from the .799 obtained in part (ii). As it turns out, the correlation between inc and age in the sample of single people is only about .039, which helps explain why the simple and multiple regression estimates are not very different; refer back to page 84 of the text.39C4.9 (i) The results from the OLS regression, with standard errors in parentheses, aren log() psoda =−1.46 + .073 prpblck + .137 log(income ) + .380 prppov (0.29) (.031) (.027) (.133)n = 401, R 2 = .087The p -value for testing H 0: 10β= against the two-sided alternative is about .018, so that wereject H 0 at the 5% level but not at the 1% level.(ii) The correlation is about −.84, indicating a strong degree of multicollinearity. Yet eachcoefficient is very statistically significant: the t statistic for log()ˆincome β is about 5.1 and that forˆprppovβ is about 2.86 (two-sided p -value = .004).(iii) The OLS regression results when log(hseval ) is added aren log() psoda =−.84 + .098 prpblck − .053 log(income ) (.29) (.029) (.038)+ .052 prppov + .121 log(hseval )(.134) (.018)n = 401, R 2 = .184The coefficient on log(hseval ) is an elasticity: a one percent increase in housing value, holding the other variables fixed, increases the predicted price by about .12 percent. The two-sided p -value is zero to three decimal places.(iv) Adding log(hseval ) makes log(income ) and prppov individually insignificant (at even the 15% significance level against a two-sided alternative for log(income ), and prppov is does not have a t statistic even close to one in absolute value). Nevertheless, they are jointly significant at the 5% level because the outcome of the F 2,396 statistic is about 3.52 with p -value = .030. All of the control variables – log(income ), prppov , and log(hseval ) – are highly correlated, so it is not surprising that some are individually insignificant.(v) Because the regression in (iii) contains the most controls, log(hseval ) is individually significant, and log(income ) and prppov are jointly significant, (iii) seems the most reliable. It holds fixed three measure of income and affluence. Therefore, a reasonable estimate is that if the proportion of blacks increases by .10, psoda is estimated to increase by 1%, other factors held fixed.40C4.10 (i) Using the 1,848 observations, the simple regression estimate of bs β is about .795−. The 95% confidence interval runs from 1.088 to .502−−, which includes −1. Therefore, at the 5% level, we cannot reject that 0H :1bs β=− against the two-sided alternative.(ii) When lenrol and lstaff are added to the regression, the coefficient on bs becomes about −.605; it is now statistically different from one, as the 95% CI is from about −.818 to −.392. The situation is very similar to that in Table 4.1, where the simple regression estimate is −.825 and the multiple regression estimate (with the logs of enrollment and staff included) is −.605. (It is a coincidence that the two multiple regression estimates are the same, as the data set in Table 4.1 is for an earlier year at the high school level.)(iii) The standard error of the simple regression estimate is about .150, and that for the multiple regression estimate is about .109. When we add extra explanatory variables, two factors work in opposite directions on the standard errors. Multicollinearity – in this case, correlation between bs and the two variables lenrol and lstaff works to increase the multiple regressionstandard error. Working to reduce the standard error of ˆbsβis the smaller error variance when lenrol and lstaff are included in the regression; in effect, they are taken out of the simpleregression error term. In this particular example, the multicollinearity is modest compared with the reduction in the error variance. In fact, the standard error of the regression goes from .231 for simple regression to .168 in the multiple regression. (Another way to summarize the drop in the error variance is to note that the R -squared goes from a very small .0151 for the simpleregression to .4882 for multiple regression.) Of course, ahead of time we cannot know which effect will dominate, but we can certainly compare the standard errors after running both regressions.(iv) The variable lstaff is the log of the number of staff per 1,000 students. As lstaff increases, there are more teachers per student. We can associate this with smaller class sizes, which are generally desirable from a teacher’s perspective. It appears that, all else equal, teachers are willing to take less in salary to have smaller class sizes. The elasticity of salary with respect to staff is about −.714, which seems quite large: a ten percent increase in staff size (holding enrollment fixed) is associated with a 7.14 percent lower salary.(v) When lunch is added to the regression, its coefficient is about −.00076, with t = −4.69. Therefore, other factors fixed (bs , lenrol , and lstaff ), a hire poverty rate is associated with lower teacher salaries. In this data set, the average value of lunch is about 36.3 with standard deviation of 25.4. Therefore, a one standard deviation increase in lunch is associated with a change in lsalary of about −.00076(25.4) ≈ −.019, or almost two percent lower. Certainly there is no evidence that teachers are compensated for teaching disadvantaged children.(vi) Yes, the pattern obtained using ELEM94_95.RAW is very similar to that in Table 4.1, and the magnitudes are reasonably close, too. The largest estimate (in absolute value) is the simple regression estimate, and the absolute value declines as more explanatory variables are added. The final regressions in the two cases are not the same, because we do not control for lunch in Table 4.1, and graduation and dropout rates are not relevant for elementary school children.。

介绍学校在体育运动方面的变化英语作文

介绍学校在体育运动方面的变化英语作文

介绍学校在体育运动方面的变化英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Changes in Sports and Athletics at Our SchoolAs a student, one of the most noticeable areas of change at our school over the past few years has been in sports and athletics. When I first arrived as a wide-eyed freshman, our athletic facilities were pretty dated and our sports teams struggled to achieve much success. However, a focused effort and significant investment have transformed athletics into a real point of pride for our school.The first major change was the construction of a brand new athletic complex during my sophomore year. Thisstate-of-the-art facility houses an impressive weight room and cardio area, as well as a huge wooden court for basketball, volleyball, and other indoor sports. There are also two smaller practice courts, a wrestling room, and a dance studio. Outside, we gained a new artificial turf field for football, soccer, and lacrosse, surrounded by an eight-lane running track. Thisreplaced our old, grass field that had more mud than grass and was functionally unusable after even light rain.The new complex has been a game-changer for our athletic teams and made being a student-athlete much more attractive. Our outdated weight room used to be a major drawback in recruiting elite athletes. Now we have a facility on par with many colleges. The improved amenities and atmosphere have allowed us to attract more talented athletes who take pride in representing our school.In addition to the facilities, our school has invested intop-notch coaching for our major sports programs. We were able to lure some respected coaches away from successful programs at other schools with increased pay and improved facilities. The coaches have implemented new strength and conditioning regimens to get players into peak physical shape. They've also brought new strategies, techniques, and a focused mentality toward winning.The impacts have been remarkable to see. In just a few years, we've gone from being doormats to highly competitive teams in our athletic conference. Our football team earned its first division championship in over 20 years. The boys and girls basketball teams both made deep runs in the state tournament. And ourbaseball team even appeared in the state championship game before losing in a heartbreaker. School spirit and pride have skyrocketed as we've finally had teams Worth cheering for.The benefits go beyond just wins and losses though. Our improved athletics have betterfacilitated physical education curriculum and personal fitness for all students, athletes or not. During my freshman year, PhysEd felt like an afterthought held in run-down facilities. Now we have dedicated classroom space for instruction on nutrition, anatomy, and exercise science. The weight room and cardio equipment are available for general student use at certain times. Intramural sports have flourished with more students wanting to participate.Personally, being a member of the track and field team has been an invaluable experience. The training regimen has gotten me into the best shape of my life. I've built self-discipline through demanding practice schedules and rapport with teammates pushing each other to excel. The exhilaration of competing at a high level is hard to describe. Win or lose, I know I gave every ounce of effort I had.The coaches have helped me tremendously as well, not just with technique but with life perspective. Theyconstantly preach about determination, bouncing back from setbacks, and representing ourselves with class and integrity. Their mentorship has helped me mature and given me skills to succeed after high school, regardless of my career path.Of course, the increased investment in athletics has come at a cost. My parents have grumbled about tax increases implemented to help pay for the new facilities and coaching salaries. There has also been some controversy from those arguing we've become a "jock school" that values athletics over academics.However, I would argue the benefits of athletics go far beyond just winning games. The skills and lessons learned through sports are invaluable. For many students, being on a team gives them motivation to keep grades up and stay out of trouble in order to maintain eligibility. The sense of school pride and community built through having successful teams is powerful. And of course, the health and fitness benefits of encouraging students to be active cannot be understated in a society struggling with obesity.No school can be excellent without a strong academic foundation. But I'm proud that our administration has recognized how much students can gain through a well-roundedexperience that also values athletics. The improved sports atmosphere has enriched my time in high school immeasurably. I hope it will continue benefiting students for many years to come as our teams build on their recent success. Go Wildcats!篇2The Evolution of Athletics at Our SchoolAs a student who has been here for several years, I've witnessed some major changes in the world of sports and athletics at our school. From new facilities and resources to expanded program offerings and a larger emphasis on participation, it's been quite a transformation.When I first arrived as a wide-eyed freshman, our athletic facilities were pretty basic. We had a decent gym for basketball and volleyball, some outdoor fields for soccer, football, and track & field, and a few tennis courts. But that was about it. The weight room was small and the equipment was pretty outdated. There weren't a lot of specialized spaces for different sports to properly train.That has changed dramatically in recent years thanks to some major facility upgrades and expansions. The centerpiece is definitely our brand new field house that opened last year. Thishuge complex houses basketball courts, indoor tracks, fitness areas, locker rooms, training rooms, and so much more. It's an absolutely amazing space for our sports teams to prepare, practice, and compete.We also invested in renovating our outdoor facilities. The football field got a swanky new artificial turf installed. Our soccer fields were reconfigured and nicely landscaped. We built new tennis courts with lighting for night matches. And we added beach volleyball courts, which has been a hugely popular addition.But the changes about our athletics go far beyond just improving the physical facilities and spaces. Our school has also launched a major push to increase participation across all sports and promote an active, healthy lifestyle for students.In the past, you had your typical "jock" athletes who played football, basketball, and the like. And then you had the vast majority of students who didn't really engage much with the sports offerings. Our revamped athletic philosophy is all about getting as many students involved as possible, whether through traditional sports or newfound passions.To that end, we've expanded our sports program extensively with more unique and niche offerings. We added archery,fencing, rowing, rock climbing, martial arts, and other options to appeal to different interests. We've also put more of an emphasis on club and intramural sports so students can play for fun without the intense commitment of varsity teams.Another big change has been around making athletics much more inclusive and accessible. In the past, you kind of had to be an elite-level player to make the team. But now, there is a real focus on allowing students of all ability levels to participate. Coaching staffs have been instructed to find ways to involve as many players as possible, not just the top stars.For example, our football team has a huge roster and plays guys at all different levels based on need and skill level during games. The coaches have done a great job creating an environment where every player feels valued and gets actual playing experience. It's the same story across many of our sports programs.There's also been a major culture shift in how athletics is viewed from an academic perspective. Before, the stereotype was that student athletes were somehow less focused on their classwork. But that antiquated mentality has been phased out.Our coaches instill a philosophy that you are a student first, and your performance in the classroom is the top priority oversports. Struggling athletes have to attend mandatory study hall sessions. Players can get suspended for poor academic performance. And we have invested in hiring more academic advisors and tutors specifically for student athletes to keep them on track.The athletic department has also placed a larger emphasis on preparing students who want to take their sport to the collegiate level. We have more resources and counseling available to help recruits navigate that process and make the right choices for them. Strength and conditioning has been revamped to get athletes ready for the increased demands of college sports.From a personal perspective, I've seen my own journey in athletics transform over my years here. Like many freshmen, I was hesitant at first to really get involved in the sports offerings. I was a pretty skinny, unathletic kid and didn't have a ton of confidence. I figured athletics just wasn't for me.But the more I saw these positive changes happening, the more I got inspired to check it out. I ended up joining the rowing club, which was totally new to me. While it was tough at first, the coaches were so welcoming and helpful. They found a way to involve everyone regardless of their experience or fitness levels.Being on that team gave me so much confidence and allowed me to develop physical and mental discipline. Even though I'm not looking to row in college, it's been an incredible experience that I'm so grateful for. I think that's the goal - to use athletics as a platform to help shape young people intowell-rounded individuals with life skills like teamwork, determination, and resilience.Of course, none of this would be possible without the incredible coaches and staff who have really championed and embodied this new attitude towards athletics. They set the tone from the top about how success is not just measured by wins and losses, but also by the overall experience of the student athletes. You can tell how much they genuinely care about developing us as players and people.Our coaches are not just demanding taskmasters, but also mentors who go above and beyond. They take the time to really get to know each individual student athlete and understand what motivates them, what struggles they face, and how to personalize the experience. They cheer just as loudly when someone improves their GPA as they do when we win a big game.I'll be graduating soon, but I'm so glad I got to experience this athletic renaissance happening at our school. When I first stepped on campus, I never could have imagined getting involved with sports in a meaningful way. But the changes to our facilities, program offerings, coaching philosophies, and overall culture surrounding athletics created an environment that welcomed me in.I'm proud of how our school has prioritized giving all students the opportunity to get fit, pursue their passions, be part of a team, and grow as individuals through sports. For many of my peers, their experiences in athletics will stick with them and shape their values far beyond just the playing fields or scoreboard.So while the new facilities are awesome, that's not what this transformation has been all about. It's been about using athletics as a platform to nurture the physical, mental, and emotional well-being of students. It's about promoting life skills, determination, and discipline that will serve us well in whatever paths we choose.Our school has done a phenomenal job evolving its philosophy on athletics into something bigger than just chasing scoreboards and championships. Don't get me wrong, we love towin and compete at the highest level. But we also know that's not what really matters most. It's about shaping young people and providing enriching experiences that will set a foundation for success long after we depart these grounds.As I look back on my own journey through athletics here, I'm so grateful for the chances I got to grow, challenge myself, and be part of something special alongside my fellow student athletes and amazing coaches. These have been pivotal years that will stick with me forever. This athletic rebirth at our school is something to be celebrated, and I'm proud to have been a part of it.篇3The Evolution of Sports and Athletics at Our SchoolAs a longtime student at Middleton High School, I've witnessed first-hand the incredible transformation our sports and athletics programs have undergone over the past several years. From cutting-edge facilities to an expanding array of offerings, our school has truly embraced the importance of physical fitness and extracurricular activities in fostering awell-rounded educational experience. Allow me to take you on ajourney through these exciting changes that have reshaped the athletic landscape at Middleton.Upgraded Facilities: A Game-ChangerOne of the most striking developments has been the construction of our state-of-the-art sports complex. This massive undertaking, completed just three years ago, has provided our student-athletes with top-notch facilities that rival those of many colleges and professional teams. The crown jewel is undoubtedly the multi-purpose indoor arena, boasting a regulation-size basketball court, rock-climbing walls, and a world-class fitness center. Outdoor enthusiasts can revel in the newly renovated soccer and lacrosse fields, complete with pristine artificial turf and brilliant LED lighting for night games.But the upgrades don't stop there. Our track and field facilities have been completely overhauled, now featuring a cutting-edge synthetic surface that not only promotes faster times but also reduces the risk of injuries. The tennis courts have been resurfaced and equipped with shade structures, making them more enjoyable to use during those sweltering summer months.These top-of-the-line facilities have undoubtedly played a pivotal role in attracting talented student-athletes to our schooland fostering a competitive spirit that extends far beyond the playing fields.Expanded Offerings: Something for EveryoneIn addition to the physical upgrades, our school has made a concerted effort to broaden the range of sports and activities available to students. Gone are the days when options were limited to the traditional fare of football, basketball, and track and field. Today, our students can explore a diverse array of pursuits, catering to a wide range of interests and skill levels.One of the most popular additions has been the introduction of our highly successful lacrosse program. What started as a club team just a few years ago has blossomed into a fierce competitor in the state championships, attracting talented players from across the region. The rapid growth of this program is a testament to our school's commitment to staying ahead of the curve and offering cutting-edge opportunities.But that's just the tip of the iceberg. Our students can now explore the exhilarating world of rock climbing, thanks to the state-of-the-art climbing walls in our indoor arena. For those seeking a more aquatic adventure, our newly renovated pool hosts competitive swimming and diving teams, as well as popular water aerobics classes.And let's not forget the rise of our award-winning dance team, which has brought home numerous trophies and accolades in recent years. Their electrifying performances at halftime shows and competitions have become a source of pride for our entire school community.Holistic Approach: Nurturing Mind, Body, and SpiritWhile the physical improvements and expanded offerings are undoubtedly impressive, what truly sets our school apart is the holistic approach we've adopted towards sports and athletics. We recognize that these activities play a crucial role in shaping not just physical health but also mental well-being, character development, and overall personal growth.Our coaching staff comprises highly experienced professionals who not only impart technical skills but also serve as mentors and role models for our student-athletes. They emphasize the importance of teamwork, discipline, and perseverance – qualities that extend far beyond the playing field and contribute to success in all aspects of life.Moreover, our school has implemented comprehensive support systems to ensure the academic success of our student-athletes. From designated study halls to personalized tutoring services, we strive to create an environment whereathletic pursuits and academic excellence can coexist harmoniously.Community Engagement: Bringing People TogetherOne of the most rewarding aspects of our school's athletic endeavors has been the positive impact they've had on fostering a strong sense of community. Our games and events have become cherished gatherings where students, parents, faculty, and local residents come together to celebrate the achievements of our young athletes.The electric atmosphere at our football games is truly something to behold, with the bleachers filled to capacity and the air reverberating with the cheers of our spirited student section. These events serve as a unifying force, bringing people from all walks of life together in a shared celebration of sportsmanship and school pride.Furthermore, our athletic programs have forged strong partnerships with local businesses and organizations, who have generously sponsored teams, provided internship opportunities, and contributed to the ongoing development of our facilities. This symbiotic relationship has strengthened the bonds between our school and the broader community, creating a sense of unity and shared purpose.Looking Ahead: Continued Growth and ExcellenceAs I reflect on the remarkable journey our school's sports and athletics programs have undertaken, I can't help but feel a sense of excitement and anticipation for what the future holds. The foundation has been laid for continued growth and excellence, and we are poised to reach even greater heights in the years to come.Plans are already in the works for the construction of a dedicated gymnastics facility, which will undoubtedly attract top talent and further solidify our reputation as a premier destination for aspiring athletes. Additionally, our school is exploring the possibility of introducing new programs such as fencing, rowing, and even esports, staying ahead of the curve and catering to the ever-evolving interests of our student body.Ultimately, the success of our sports and athletics programs is not measured solely by trophies and championships (although we certainly have our fair share of those). Instead, it is defined by the countless lives that have been enriched, the lifelong friendships that have been forged, and the invaluable lessons learned both on and off the playing fields.As I prepare to graduate and embark on the next chapter of my life, I can't help but feel a profound sense of gratitude for theopportunities and experiences our school's athletic programs have provided me. These experiences have shaped me into the person I am today, instilling in me the values of perseverance, teamwork, and a relentless pursuit of excellence – values that will undoubtedly serve me well in the years to come.To my fellow students, I encourage you to embrace these opportunities wholeheartedly, for they are not merely extracurricular activities but rather an integral part of awell-rounded education. And to our school administration and dedicated faculty, I commend you for your unwavering commitment to fostering an environment that celebrates both academic and athletic pursuits, recognizing their intertwined roles in shaping the leaders of tomorrow.。

新闻听力

新闻听力

1. (A)? A. How professional athletes are using yoga in their training.B. How much stress professional athletes have to deal with.? C. How professional athletes stay focused while they're training.? D. How professional athletes relax in their leisure time.2. ?(C) A. Yoga is becoming a most important way of training among athletes.B. Yoga works better than medicine in healing breathingproblems.? C. Yoga can help with energy levels.? D. If you don't do yoga correctly, you will suffer from lower-back problems.1. ?(C) A. Celebrities who have seen the musical Hamilton.B. The ticket prices for the musical Hamilton.? C. The popularity of the musical Hamilton.? D. The influence of the musical Hamilton.2. ?(D) A. There are only 21 tickets available for each show.B. Ticket resellers sell tickets for the original price.? C. Ron Chernow plays Alexander Hamilton.? D. It is based on a book about Alexander Hamilton.1. (B)? A. It is an American baseball game.B. It is an American football game. (B)? C. It is an American basketball game.? D. It is an American television program.2. (C)? A. Chicago Bulls.B. Carolina Panthers.? C. Denver Broncos.? D. California Levi's.1. ?(D) A. How Lumosity can improve brain health.? B. Lumos Labs lying to customers about its games.C. Feedback from people using the brain training app of LumosLabs.? D. Lumos Labs fined for deceiving customers about the benefits of its products.2. (C) A. Playing Lumosity can improve your overall health.?B. People who play Lumosity can perform better at work andin school.? C. There are over 70 million registered users playing Lumosity worldwide.? D. You need to play Lumosity games 15 times a week to see any improvement.(D)? A. Australia's travel resources.1.? B. Australia's new virtual tours.C. Australia's new global ambassador.? D. Australia's costal and water experiences.2. ?(D) A. Virtual tours of Australia.? B. A video filmed by Chris Hemsworth.C. Distinct travel experiences in Australia.? D. The voiceover of Chris Hemsworth.1. (D)? A. It has been put into practice.? B. It can be used to identify drugs.C. It represents the new era of security technology.? D. It represents one of the latest smell technology developments.2. (B)? A. It scans a person's body to check metals that may be bombs.? B. It uses lasers to identify explosive material in gases in the air.C. It uses lasers to identify the images of the bombs.? D. It uses lasers to scan a person's body.3. (C)? A. Passengers are required to take off clothes as a part of security process.? B. The device uses normal red light to identify the possible explosives.? C. The machine can process one person per second.D. The device will show passengers' images.1.(B)?A. To sell Boryeong mud cosmetics.B. To promote the benefits of Boryeong mud cosmetics.? C. To promote mud-themed activities.? D. To promote the arts and culture of South Korea.2. (D)? A. It is a small festival.B. It runs for one week.? C. It only has mud activities.? D. It attracts many visitors worldwide.1. ?(A) A. China outpacing the US in exporting cultural goods.B. Cultural support of India by advanced countries.? C. Increase of the value of Turkey's cultural exports.? D. The top 10 countries trading in cultural goods.2. ?(D) A. Newspapers and books.B. Audio-visual services.? C. Movies and musical goods.? D. Arts and crafts.1.(D) ? A. It is only popular in the United States.B. People practise it at home, not in gyms.? C. It only combines exercise elements from two types of sports.? D. In CrossFit boxes, you use fitness equipment not usually found in standard gyms.2. (D)? A. It provides people with more confidence.B. It encourages competition between members.? C. People don't like using fitness equipment in standard gyms.? D. People want to try something different from traditional workout programmes.1. (C)? A. Japanese men had higher risks of stroke and heart disease.? B. Japanese women had higher risks of stroke and heart disease.C. People who didn't eat breakfast every day had higher risksof stroke.? D. People who didn't eat breakfast every day had higher risks of heart disease.2. (A)? A. The study was conducted for 25 years.? B. There are more cases of heart disease than stroke.C. Participants were grouped based on their age.? D. More than 90 thousand participants were involved in the study.自学单元1. ? A. Women getting promotion.? B. Women getting high salaries.C. Men helping with childcare.? D. Men helping with housework.2. A. Because women want to advance in their careers.? B. Because women do not want more than one child.? C. Because women do not have enough money to have children.? D. Because women do not get enough time off to take care of their children.1. ? A. The rising crime rate.? B. A serious finance problem.? C. The crisis of reputation.D. A serious manpower shortage.2. ? A. An astronaut is a promising profession.? B. Reggie Brown didn't love his work at first.C. A police officer was a popular profession.? D. Reggie Brown has been a police officer for eight years.1. ? A. Global large seizures.B. Illegal hunting for ivory.? C. Rapid growth rate of elephants.? D. Transnational organized crime.2. ? A. The number of large seizures used to be bigger in Africa than in Asia.B. More large seizures in Africa than in Asia shows a transnational trend.? C. The growth of elephants exceeds the number of illegal hunting.? D. Over 20,000 elephants were illegally killed in Africa every year.1. ? A. He is frustrated.? B. He is upset.C. He is happy.? D. He is angry.2. A. Farms in New York and Canada.? B. A Restaurant in California.? C. Factories in France.? D. The USDA offices.1. A. By %.? B. By %.? C. By 1%.? D. By 2%.2. ? A. The United States central bank.? B. The United States government.C. The Federal Reserve Open Market Committee.? D. Bank of America.3. （D）? A. The expected economic growth.? B. The high rate of inflation.? C. The poor labor market.D. The high prices of imported products1. ? A. It is quite slow now.? B. It is slower, but will soon increase a lot.? C. It remains one of the fastest in the world.D. It is slower, but is still within government expectations.2. (C)? A. %.B. %.? C. % to 7%.? D. % to 7%.3. ? A. It has raised interest rates by nearly 10%.? B. It has cut investment in public works projects.? C. It calls for cancellation of unnecessary services.D. It encourages people to buy more home-made products.。

2022年3月浙江省温州市普通高中2022届高三高考适应性测试(温州二模)英语试题及答案

绝密★启用前浙江省温州市普通高中2022届高三下学期3月高考适应性测试(温州二模)英语试题2022年3月第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What will the speakers probably do next?A. Take photos.B. Go for a trip.C. Load the car.2. What is the woman doing?A. Making dumplings.B. Downloading pictures.C. Surfing the Internet.3. Why does the woman make the call?A. To make an apology.B. To ask for leave.C. To quit her job.4. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a hotel.B. In a company.C. In a cafeteria.5. What does the woman mean?A. Her car is under repair.B. She will see her dentist.C. She wants to cancel the appointment.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

Oct 6th

THIS IS A RUSH TRANSCRIPT. THIS COPY MAY NOT BE IN ITS FINAL FORM AND MAY BE UPDATED.CARL AZUZ, CNN ANCHOR: How can a country that`s surrounded by water run out of it? The answer`s coming your way. I`m Carl Azuz, welcoming you to this Thursday edition of CNN Student News.First up, anger in Athens as Greek protesters take over the streets of their capital city. Earlier this week, we talked about Greece being in financial trouble. The government`s trying to find ways to cut spending in order to avoid going broke.They`ve already made some changes, including layoffs and salary cuts, and they`re planning to do more.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ (voice-over): Obviously, this is not going over well with Greek citizens. Yesterday, thousands of them marched through Athens, speaking out against their government and its cuts. They actually shut down part of the city.There was also a nationwide strike by public workers. That shut down the Athens airport, government offices and schools. Some high school students held their own protests at schools that were in session.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: Several countries are trying to find ways to stop the violence that`s been going on in Syria. Protesters there are speaking out against their president, and Syrian government forces are reportedly cracking down on the protesters. (BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ (voice-over): The United Nations Security Council voted on a resolution Tuesday that would have called for an immediate end to the violence. But two of the council`s permanent members, China and Russia, voted no. So the resolution didn`t pass.China said it wouldn`t have helped Syria`s situation. Russia was concerned it might send the wrong message. The no votes led to some pretty harsh words from other nations.SUSAN RICE, AMBASSADOR: The United States is outraged that this council has utterly failed to address an urgent moral challenge and a growing threat to regional peace and security.GERARD ARAUD, FRENCH AMBASSADOR TO THE U.S. (through translator): Let there be no mistake: this veto will not stop us. No veto can give carte blanche to the Syrian authorities, who have lost full legitimacy in assassinating and kill their people.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: There`s a bill moving through the U.S. Senate that could take aim at one of America`s trading partners, China. This bill would put a tax on any products that come from a nation whose currency is undervalued.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ (voice-over): China has been accused of manipulating its currency to keep it weak. Now why would a country want to do that? Well, if your currency is weak, it means your products are cheaper to buy.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: That might be good for the country with the weak currency. But if you`re an American manufacturer, it means having to compete with cheaper Chinese products. The senators who support this bill say they`re trying to help out American companies. But some leaders in the House of Representatives say the U.S. should not get involved with another country`s currency.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)JOHN BOEHNER, SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE: I think it`s pretty dangerous to be moving legislation through the United States Congress, forcing someone to deal with the value of their currency. This is -- this is well beyond, I think, what the Congress ought to be doing.(END VIDEO CLIP)(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)UNIDENTIFIED MALE: See if you can ID me. I`m a weather event that takes place in the Pacific Ocean. I`m associated with unusually cold water temperatures that could affect the weather around the world.My name means "little girl" in Spanish.I`m La Nina, and I usually occur every few years.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: Water, water everywhere, but not a drop to drink. It`s a very real and very serious concern for a pair of islands in the South Pacific, and it`s all because of a La Nina event going on right now.What`s worse here is that experts don`t think this event is going to go away for a while. Guillermo Arduino looks at what led to the current situation and just how bad the problem is.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)GUILLERMO ARDUINO, CNN REPORTER (voice-over): A crisis in paradise: two Pacific island nations are running out of water. Tuvalu and Tokelau, surrounded by a turquoise ocean, have declared a state of emergency because they will run out of drinking water in less than two weeks.The islands are about 3,000 kilometers to the north of New Zealand, and about halfway between Australia and Hawaii. Thousands of people here rely solely on rainwater to drink.MARI RAMOS, CNN WEATHER: The rainfall tends to happen usually between November and April, but we`ve had a La Nina here this year. And that has brought drier-than-average conditions. And it really poses a toll on this entire region.ADUINO (voice-over): According to the U.S. Climate Prediction Center, La Nina is expected to strengthen and continue into the beginning of next year. CNN meteorologists do not expect any substantial rain in the near future, but the New Zealand Red Cross is airlifting water containers, tarps and emergency desalination units.Rain is not the only climate challenge on the local islanders` minds. Tuvaluans have also struggled with a sinking of their island due to the rise of seawater levels in the past year. Yet residents are unwilling to leave home, still longing to live a lifestyle that is tranquil but now thirsty -- Guillermo Arduino, CNN, Atlanta.(END VIDEO CLIP)(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)UNIDENTIFIED FEMALE: Today`s Shoutout goes out to Ms. Schuttert`s history classes at Del Webb Middle School in Henderson, Nevada.James Naismith is known as the inventor of what sport? You know what to do. Is it baseball, basketball, football or hockey? You`ve got three seconds, go.Naismith developed the game of basketball when he was an athletic instructor at the YMCA. That`s your answer, and that`s your Shoutout.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: And, of course, people have been playing basketball ever since. Butthey`re not playing it now, at least not in the NBA. The league is in a lockout. The entire preseason has been canceled, and the start of the regular season could be in jeopardy.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ (voice-over): Representatives from the players` union and the league office have been trying to make a deal. So far nothing has happened. A contract that sets up rules for players` salaries is the biggest hitch here.But if games get canceled, no one gets paid. Players won`t get paychecks, owners won`t make money from the games, the NBA says canceling the pre-season costs more than $200 million in revenue. But some players are finding a way to stay on the court. They`re signing short-term contracts with teams in Europe.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: A lot of times the stories you see in the news are about violence or anger. But there are people out there making good news, like Eddie Canales. He`s one of this year`s CNN Heroes, people who make a positive difference in their communities.Canales is helping high school athletes all over Texas by providing information, inspiration and hope.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)CHRIS CANALES, GRIDIRON HEROES: Growing up in Texas, football is very important, just like a religion. You get the adrenaline going, you want to win.EDDIE CANALES, GRIDIRON HEROES: It was senior night. Chris was having the game of his life.CHRIS CANALES: It was the fourth quarter. I made a touchdown-saving tackle. I didn`t hear my teammates saying, Chris, come on, let`s go. I couldn`t move. EDDIE CANALES: You don`t want to even think that your son might never walk again. That was a hard pill to swallow.CHRIS CANALES: Around my one-year anniversary, I was going through a lot of depression.EDDIE CANALES: So I said, "Let`s go to a football game." We ended up watching another young man suffer a spinal cord injury. Chris, he turns to me, said, "Dad, we`ve got to go help him."I`m Eddie Canales. My goal is to be there for young men that have suffered spinal cord injuries playing high school football.CHRIS CANALES: When we hear about injury, we go to the family as soon as we can.EDDIE CANALES: . since we`ve started, and we`ve worked with 19 families just in the state of Texas. We help them with ramps in their homes or wheelchair accessible vehicles.UNIDENTIFIED MALE: All right, we got room.EDDIE CANALES: It`s a very expensive injury. For someone injured on the professional level, it`s going to be taken care of. But on the high school level, it`s a totally different story. We want to make sure that these kids are not forgotten.CHRIS CANALES: We`re a band of brothers. Our biggest bond is football.EDDIE CANALES: They were on the gridiron, but they`ve never quit. They`ve never given up. That`s what keeps me pushing.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: Fantastic story there. Teachers, you can check out our CNN Heroes Curriculum Guide on our home page.Before we go today, you can see brown bears at the Bronx Zoo every day.(BEGIN VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ (voice-over): But every weekend in October, you can see them do this -- well, at least the ones with good hand-eye coordination.It a total trick-or-treat setup. The pumpkins are the treat and then the bears show off their tricks, like dunking it underwater. Besides, everyone needs some special food sometimes.(END VIDEO CLIP)AZUZ: . otherwise they`d just be left with the "bear" necessities. All right. CNN Student News returns tomorrow to close out the week. Enjoy the rest of your Thursday, and we`ll look forward to seeing you then.END。

2020春七年级英语下册 Module 11 Body language质量评估试卷 (新版)外研版

Module 11 质量评估试卷[时间：100分钟分值：120分][见学生活页41]Ⅰ.听力(25′)第一节：听小对话，回答问题。

(1′×5＝5′)( B )1.What are people in China supposed to do when they meet for the first time?A．Nod heads. B．Shake hands.C．Shake heads.( C )2.What's wrong with the person?A．He can't speak. B．He can't walk.C．He can't hear.( A )3.What does nodding heads mean in China?A．Agreement. B．Disagreement.C．Unhappiness.( B )4.What do Koreans usually do when they meet for the first time? A．They usually kiss.B．They usually bow.C．They usually hug.( A )5.How many times do the Russians usually kiss when they meet? A．Three times. B．Two times.C．Four times.第二节：听较长对话，回答问题。

(2′×5＝10′)听下面一段较长的对话，回答第6～7小题。

( A )6.Who knows body language?A．Linda. B．Peter.C．Jim.( C )7.What will Linda do when she meets the film star—Brad Pitt? A．She'll hug him.B．She'll kiss him.C．She'll shake hands with him.听下面一段较长的对话，回答第8～10小题。

Chapter5_determiners

Possessive pronouns Possessive adjectives
Refer to Page 109
Kate and her sister went to holiday with a cousin of ____. A. their B. theirs C. her D. hers
Chapter 5
The Determiners 限定词
Determiners— words placed in front of a noun to make it clear what the noun refers to e.g. book the book this/that book a large number of books
• 4）有独无欧(偶)：独一无二的，the earth, the moon, the sun 用the； • 欧洲等七大洲不用the。 • (Europe, Africa, Asia, North America, South America, Antarctica南极洲, Oceania大洋洲) • 5）有(种)族无球(运动)： • 种族用the：the Indians (印第安人)； • 球类运动不用the (baseball,basketball)。
• 7）许多报纸、杂志名称前带the。 • the People's Daily 人民日报 • 8）度量衡名称之前常用the。 • They are paid by the hour(piece, day). • 他们按小时计酬。（件、日）
Using of Zero article
• 1、用于物质名词前 • 物质名词表示泛指或一般概念时，通常用 零冠词： • Water boils at 100℃. • Blood is thicker than water.
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PlayerTeamPositionSalaryA.J. BurnettNew York YankeesPitcher##########A.J. EllisLos Angeles DodgersCatcher$421,000A.J. PierzynskiChicago White SoxCatcher$2,000,000Aaron CookColorado RockiesPitcher$9,875,000Aaron CrowKansas City RoyalsPitcher$1,400,000Aaron HarangSan Diego PadresPitcher$3,500,000Aaron HeilmanArizona DiamondbacksPitcher$2,000,000Aaron HillToronto Blue JaysSecond Baseman$5,000,000Aaron LaffeySeattle MarinersPitcher$431,600Aaron MilesLos Angeles DodgersSecond Baseman$500,000Aaron RowandSan Francisco GiantsOutfielder##########Adam DunnChicago White SoxDesignated Hitter##########Adam EverettCleveland IndiansShortstop$700,000Adam JonesBaltimore OriolesOutfielder$3,250,000Adam KennedySeattle MarinersSecond Baseman$750,000Adam LaRocheWashington NationalsFirst Baseman$7,000,000Adam LindToronto Blue JaysFirst Baseman$5,150,000Adam MooreSeattle MarinersCatcher$417,500Adam RosalesOakland AthleticsSecond Baseman$425,000Adam RussellTampa Bay RaysPitcher$420,800Adam WainwrightSt. Louis CardinalsPitcher$6,687,500Adrian BeltreTexas RangersThird Baseman##########Adrian GonzalezBoston Red SoxFirst Baseman$6,300,000Albert PujolsSt. Louis CardinalsFirst Baseman##########Alberto AriasHouston AstrosPitcher$439,500Alberto CallaspoLos Angeles AngelsFirst Baseman$2,000,000Alberto GonzalezSan Diego PadresShortstop$600,000Alcides EscobarKansas City RoyalsShortstop$428,000Alex AvilaDetroit TigersCatcher$425,000Alex CoraWashington NationalsSecond Baseman$900,000Alex GonzalezAtlanta BravesShortstop$2,500,000Alex GordonKansas City RoyalsOutfielder$1,400,000Alex RiosChicago White SoxOutfielder##########Alex RodriguezNew York YankeesThird Baseman##########Alexei RamirezChicago White SoxShortstop$2,750,000Alexi CasillaMinnesota TwinsShortstop$865,000Alexi OgandoTexas RangersPitcher$430,150Alfonso SorianoChicago CubsOutfielder##########Allen CraigSt. Louis CardinalsOutfielder$414,000Andre EthierLos Angeles DodgersOutfielder$9,500,000Andres BlancoTexas RangersSecond Baseman$520,000Andres TorresSan Francisco GiantsOutfielder$2,200,000Andrew BaileyOakland AthleticsPitcher$465,000Andrew CashnerChicago CubsPitcher$427,500Andrew McCutchenPittsburgh PiratesOutfielder$452,500Andruw JonesNew York YankeesOutfielder$1,500,000Andy LaRocheOakland AthleticsThird Baseman$600,000Andy SonnanstineTampa Bay RaysPitcher$912,500Aneury RodriguezHouston AstrosPitcher$414,000Angel PaganNew York MetsOutfielder$3,500,000Angel SanchezHouston AstrosShortstop$432,500Anibal SanchezMiami MarlinsPitcher$3,700,000Antonio BastardoPhiladelphia PhilliesPitcher$419,000Aramis RamirezChicago CubsThird Baseman##########Armando GalarragaArizona DiamondbacksPitcher$2,300,000Aroldis ChapmanCincinnati RedsPitcher$3,835,772Arthur RhodesTexas RangersPitcher$3,900,000Asdrubal CabreraCleveland IndiansShortstop$2,025,000Aubrey HuffSan Francisco GiantsFirst Baseman##########Austin JacksonDetroit TigersOutfielder$440,000Austin KearnsCleveland IndiansOutfielder$1,300,000B.J. UptonTampa Bay RaysOutfielder$4,825,000Barry EnrightArizona DiamondbacksPitcher$418,000Barry ZitoSan Francisco GiantsPitcher##########Bartolo ColonNew York YankeesPitcher$900,000Ben FranciscoPhiladelphia PhilliesOutfielder$1,175,000Ben ZobristTampa Bay RaysShortstop$4,687,300Bill BrayCincinnati RedsPitcher$645,000Bill HallHouston AstrosOutfielder$3,000,000Billy ButlerKansas City RoyalsFirst Baseman$3,500,000Blaine BoyerNew York MetsPitcher$725,000Blake DeWittChicago CubsSecond Baseman$460,000Blake HawksworthLos Angeles DodgersPitcher$426,000Bob CramerOakland AthleticsPitcher$414,000Bobby AbreuLos Angeles AngelsOutfielder$9,000,000Bobby CassevahLos Angeles AngelsPitcher$414,000Bobby JenksBoston Red SoxPitcher$6,000,000Bobby WilsonLos Angeles AngelsCatcher$416,000Boone LoganNew York YankeesPitcher$1,200,000Brad BergesenBaltimore OriolesPitcher$434,000Brad EmausNew York MetsSecond Baseman$414,000Brad HawpeSan Diego PadresFirst Baseman$2,000,000Brad LidgePhiladelphia PhilliesPitcher##########Brad LincolnPittsburgh PiratesPitcher$414,500Brad PennyDetroit TigersPitcher$3,000,000Brad ThomasDetroit TigersPitcher$800,000Brad ZieglerOakland AthleticsPitcher$1,250,000Brandon BeachyAtlanta BravesPitcher$416,500Brandon BeltSan Francisco GiantsFirst Baseman$414,000Brandon HicksAtlanta BravesShortstop$414,000Brandon IngeDetroit TigersThird Baseman$5,500,000Brandon KintzlerMilwaukee BrewersPitcher$414,000Brandon LeagueSeattle MarinersPitcher$2,250,000Brandon LyonHouston AstrosPitcher$5,250,000Brandon McCarthyOakland AthleticsPitcher$1,000,000Brandon MorrowToronto Blue JaysPitcher$2,300,000Brandon PhillipsCincinnati RedsSecond Baseman##########Brandon WebbTexas RangersPitcher$3,000,000Brandon WoodLos Angeles AngelsThird Baseman$420,000

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