比较级及比较句型讲义

比较级及比较句型

一．基本特征

1. 形容词和副词比较级的形式应和比较连词对应出现，即应符合原级比较及比较级的结构。如：

---Do you enjoy listening to records

---I find records are often as good as, or better than an actual performance.

Young readers, more often than not, find the novels of Dickens far more exciting than Thackeray’s.

---- Thackeray’s novels

3.比较级的修饰语如 a little, a lot, the, any, even, far, hardly, lots, much, rather，还有表示倍数比较的词等，他们的位置是：修饰语+as…as…, 或修饰语+more…than…。如：

Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents.

“Do you regret paying five hundred dollars for the painting” “No, I would gladly have paid twice as much for it.”

4.下列词和短语不用比较级形式却表示比较概念：

inferior，minor，senior，prior，prefer to，superior，major，junior，preferable，differ from，compared with，in comparison with，different from，rather than。如：

Their watch is superior to all the other watches on the market. 二．基本用法

1. 同级比较

A. 基本形式“as +原级+as”结构

eg. He’s as tall as I.

B.否定的同级比较常用not as… as或not so … as

eg. He does not smoke so heavily as his brother.

C.变体

1) as + much/many + 名词+ as

There are as many students in Class 3 as in Class 4.

2) as +形原级 + a + 名词 +as

He is as clever a boy as his brother.

3) as + 形+ 不可数名词+ as

4) 名词复数+as +形 + as

I used to have some dolls as lovely as yours.

5) the same as/ be similar to

2.比较级

A.基本结构“比较级+than” 结构

He is taller than I (am tall).

She sees me more often than she sees her brother.

B.变体

1) 形比较级 + 名 + than

He is a cleverer boy than his brother.

2) 名 + 形比较级 + than

He is a boy cleverer than his brother.

3) the + 形比较级 + of + the two

4) superior/ inferior to

3.最高级

A. 常用“the +最高级+比较范围”

eg. This is the best picture in the hall.

He sings the best in the class.

B. 变体

1) more… than any other

2) Not … + 比较等级

三. 值得注意的比较级句型

1. 比较级的特殊用法

1）the+比较级, the+比较级

此句型表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，意为“越……就越……”，如：

The better I knew him, the more I liked him.

, the less likely I’ll be able to answer them.

该结构一共有三条规则：

1）. the more

2）

3）

the more, the more其实是原因状语从句，前面是原因（从句），后面是结果（主句），倒装句中必须是主句倒装，从句绝对不能够倒装。

例1：The stronger __ magnet, the greater the number of lines of magnetic force.

(A) of (B) the (C) is the (D) is of the

分析：本题显然考查”the more … the more…”结构，the more后面的名词必须使用冠词或者所有格，因此只能选择B

例2：The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of the body of a runner, ___to the body.

(A) the stress it is greater (B) greater is the stress (C) greater stress is (D) the greater the stress

分析：正确答案为D。此题考the more … the more句型，只有D符合这一句型的要求，故选D。

--- the greater the stress it yields to the body

2) the+比较级+of the two：

He is the taller of the two.

She was the more promising worker of the two.

3)比较级+and+比较级

此句型表示“越来越…”，如：

Things are getting better and better every day.

It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a job.

2. as…as…的特殊用法

1)．as．．．as．．

物的状况处于同等程度或两个事物之间具有连带关系。

S1 + V1 + as + adj. 1+ S2+V2+adj.2

He was as experienced as his brother was green．

他经验丰富，而他弟弟初出茅庐。

She is as kind as her brother is honest．

crowded as the farmlands are empty．

监狱里人满为患，而农田却无人耕种。(两者程度相等，但是状况截然不同，以突出两