翻译与评析毕业论文
英语翻译赏析小论文
英语翻译赏析小论文Title: Appreciation and Analysis of a Short Essay。
The art of writing essays has been a long-standing tradition in literature, providing writers with a platform to express their thoughts, ideas, and emotions. Essays are a powerful tool for communication, allowing writers to engage with their readers on a personal level. In this article, we will be appreciating and analyzing a short essay to understand the techniques and elements that make it a compelling piece of writing.The essay we will be examining is titled "The Power of Words" by an anonymous author. This essay explores the impact of language and communication on our daily lives, emphasizing the importance of choosing our words carefully. The author begins by setting the tone for the essay, drawing the reader in with a thought-provoking opening statement. The use of a strong opening line is a common technique used to capture the reader's attention and create a sense of intrigue.As we delve deeper into the essay, we are introduced to the author's main argument: the power of words to shape our thoughts and actions. The author presents compelling examples and anecdotes to support this argument, drawing from personal experiences and observations. This personal touch adds authenticity to the essay, making it relatable and engaging for the reader.One of the most striking aspects of this essay is the author's use of vivid and descriptive language. The author paints a vivid picture with words, using imagery and sensory details to create a rich and immersive reading experience. This technique not only captivates the reader's imagination but also reinforces the essay's central message about the impact of words.Additionally, the essay is structured in a clear and logical manner, with each paragraph building upon the previous one to develop the author's argument. The use of transitions and cohesive language ensures a smooth flow of ideas, allowing the reader to follow the author's train of thought easily.Furthermore, the author incorporates persuasive language and rhetorical devices to effectively convey their message. The use of rhetorical questions, emotive language, and appeals to logic and reason all contribute to the essay's persuasive power. This demonstrates the author's skill in crafting a compelling and convincing argument.In conclusion, "The Power of Words" is a well-crafted and thought-provoking essay that effectively communicates its message. The author's use of engaging language, personal anecdotes, and persuasive techniques all contribute to the essay's impact. By appreciating and analyzing this essay, we gain a deeper understanding of the art of writing and the power of words to influence and inspire. It serves as a reminder of the importance of thoughtful and deliberate communication in our daily lives.。
毕业论文文献翻译分析解析
毕业论文文献翻译分析解析学号：上海海事大学本科生毕业设计（论文）文献翻译学院：海洋科学与工程学院专业：港口航道与海岸工程班级：姓名：指导教师：完成日期：Study on Structure of Arched Longitudinal Beams ofDeep-Water WharfZHAI Qiu , LU Zi-ai and ZHANG Shu-huaABSTRACTHigh-pile and beam-slab quays have been widely used after several years development. They are mature enough to be one of the most important structural types of wharves in China coastal areas. In order to accommodate large tonnage vessels, wharves should be constructed in deep water gradually .However , conventional high-pile and beam-slab structures are hard to meet the requirements of large deep-water wharf .According to arch' s stress characteristics, a new type of wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams is presented in this paper .The new wharf structure can make full use of arch' s overhead crossing and reinforced concrete compression resistance , improve the interval between transverse bents greatly, and decrease underwater construction quantity .Thus, the construction cost cab be reduced. T ake the third phase project of the YangshanDeep-water Port for example , comparative analysis on catenary arched longitudinal beams and conventional longitudinal beams has been made .The result shows that with the same wharf length and width, the same loads and same longitudinal beam moment , catenary arch structure can improve the interval between bents up to 28 m , decrease the number of piles and underwater construction quantity .Key words: wharf ; structural type ; catenary arch ; internal force ; cost1. IntroductionIn recent years , a trend of large tonnage vessels is increasing in port engineering .The international routes are now sailing the fifth and sixth generation container ships and over 300 , 000 tons for bulk vessels and oil tankers(Leifer and Wilson , 2007).In China , at present , the number of berths which can handle vessels over 50 , 000 tons is about 260 , but in fact , most of them can not meet the requirements of large-tonnage vessels , and construction of deep water wharves is in urgent need (Zhang , 2006).The deep-water wharf works under adverse conditions and is hard to be constructed , so design of deep-water wharf is an important research topic in port engineering(Zhai and Lu , 2006). The high-pileand beam-slab quay is mainly applied to river port and sea port with kinds of complicated loads .It consists of slabs , longitudinal beams , transversal beams , pile caps , piles and berthing members. The superstructure of beam-slab quay is usually prefabricated ;components such as longitudinal beams and slabs are fabricated by prestressed reinforced concrete .The prestressing method improves the cracking and bending resistance capacity , increases the strength of structuralmembers , and reduces the quantity of steel bar .The increase of interval between transverse bents leads to the full use of pile bearing capacity and reduces usage of materials , and the construction speed is accelerated . As a result of its structural rationality , high-pile and beam-slab quay was rapidly developed andmature enough to be one of the most important structural types of wharves in China coastal areas in the early 1970s .In 1980s , with the continuously rapid development of wharf grade and progress of construction technique , size of piles increased as well as bearing capacity .After the successful development of large diameter prestressed concrete tubular pile and steel pipe pile in China , single pile capacity had reached more than 10000 kN , and it created conditions in construction of large wharf in deep water .In order to make full use of pile bearing capacity , interval between transversal bents should be improved . It is proved that design of larger span and fewer piles can reduce the cost of the project .However , stress of conventional longitudinal beams will be increased largely if the span is over certainn range (about 10 ~12 m).The usage of materials and project cost will correspondingly increase .In deep-water open sea , wharf piles have to be large enough to satisfy the stability requirements due to the complicated processes of hydrodynamics such as waves , currents and their interactions (Yan et al , 2000 ; Zheng et al, 2002 , 2008 ; Zheng , 2007).Interval between transversal bents of 10 m cannot make full use of pile bearing capacity .Increasing the interval between transversal bents will lead to more fabrication cost of superstructure .Wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams presented in this paper is expected to have some theoretical and practical significance in optimization design of high-pile wharf .2. Catenary Arched Longitudinal Beam StructureIn consideration of the arch' s good overhead crossing and reinforced concrete compression resistance and in reference of spandrel-braced arch bridge , a new type of wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams (Fig .1)is put forward in this paper .The catenary arched longitudinal beams of prefabricated reinforced concrete consist of archbeams , top chords , web members , and tie-rod .The longitudinal beam is laid on the pile cap .The prefabricated crosswise horizontal braces which are laid on longitudinal beam' s brackets are set among longitudinal beams .They form beam grillages with longitudinal beams .The laminated slabs are laid on crosswise horizontal braces .Rectanglar transversal beams are cast-in-situ and they are contour arranged with longitudinal beams .The longitudinal beams , transversal beams and laminated slabs are integrally jointed , and the longitudinal beams are also integrally jointed with piles , forming the superstructure of good integrity and rigidity .Tie-rod is set at the bottom of arch beam to bear arch' s thrust force .3. Superstructure of the Arched Longitudinal Beam Structure3.1 Selection of Rise-Span RatioRise-span ratio (Kim, 2003)depends on concrete usage , beam moment , arch thrust force , etc . The increase of rise-span ratio will lead to more concrete being used ; and the decrease of rise-span ratio will lead to the increase of mid-span moment and arch thrust force .In comprehensive consideration of the above factors , rise-span ratio of catenary arched longitudinal beams may be best chosen from 1/12 to 1/6 .Fig.1.Sketch map of wharf with catenary arched longitudinalbeams.3.2 Selection of Arch AxisAccording to the load conditions in the third phase project of the YangshanDeep-water Port , a comparison was made with the structural mechanic method .A catenary is used as rational arch axis of longitudinal beams to derive the arch axis equation(Gu and Shi , 1996)(1)1f y chK m ζ=--, (1)where, f is arch height; m is arch axis coefficient; K is a parameter related to m,ln(K m =; ζ is abscissa parameter, ζ=2x/L; chKζ is hyperbolic cosine,chKζ=()K K e e ζζ-+; L is height of arch. The ordinate of arch axis should be decided on arch axis coefficient m if rise-span ratio is confirmed.4. Analysis on the ProjectThe Yangshan Deep-water Port(Li et al ., 2006)is located on Shengsi Islands outside the Hangzhou Bay and the Yangtze Estuary .It consists of several dozen islands such as the Big Yangshan Islands and the Small Yangshan Islands .The northwest is 27 .5 km away from the Luchao Harbour of Shanghai , the south is 90 km away f rom the Beilun Harbour of Zhejiang Province , and the east is 104 km away from the international shipping route .It is the nearest deep-water harbour around Shanghai . The basin bottom of the Yangshan Deep-water Port is stable and sediments are not easily to silt up , with a natural water depth over 15m .It is suitable for building a large deep-water wharf .Theport has deep-water shorelines of about 13 km with excellent natural refuge conditions and 315 operating days per year on the average .The third phase project of the Yangshan Deep-water Port (Zhu , 2005)lies in the east of the harbour district between the Huogaitang Island and the Xiaoyanjiao Island .There are seven deep water berths for container ships of 70 ～150 thousand DWT .The design container ship is 150 thousand tons with the mooring wind speed of 22 .6m/s , the design flow speed of 1 .80 m/s , the maximum mooring force of 2000 kN and impact force of 2574 kN .The design annual throughput is 5 million TEU .The coastal line is 2600 m , high water level is 4 .51 m, low water level is 0 .53 m , the top of the pier height is 8 .10m , and the design water depth in front of wharf is 18 .0 m.There are 25 shore container cranes with track gauge of 35 m , lifting capacity of 65 tons and out-reach of 67 m .4.1 Load ConditionIn the third phase project of the Yangshan Deep-water Port , the main design loads include structure weight , cargo load (30 kPa)and container cranes loads .The basic parameters of container cranes loads are as follows :track gauge of 35 m, base length of 14 m , 10 wheels per leg , spread of wheel 1 .20 m, the minimum distance among centers when two cranes are working is 27 m .When the cranes work , the maximum sea-side wheel-load is 1070 kN per wheel , and the maximum land-side wheel-load is 940 kN per wheel .The top of the pier height is designed in the condition that superstructure cannot afford wave force , thus , wave loads are not considered in the arched longitudinal beam structure except three types of loads above .4.2 Sectional Structure of the WharfIn the original design , high-pile and beam-slab quay is used .The width of the wharf is 42 .5m ; the interval between transversal bents is 12 m .Steel pipe piles with diameter of 1 .5 m are used as piles .Each transversal bent has 10 steel pipe piles and four pile cap joints ;three steel pipe piles are set under pile cap of every crane beam , and two steel pipe piles are set under the pile caps of other beams .In the superstructure , transversal beams , crane beams , longitudinal beams and laminated slabs are precast with prestressed concrete .Longitudinal and transversal beams are contour arranged and transversal beams next to pile caps are cast-in-situ .In the new type of wharf , the interval between bents is 28 m, catenary arch height is 3 .5 m , rise-span ratio is 1/8 , and arch axis coefficient m is 2 .566 .The steel pipe piles with diameter 1 .5 m are used as piles .Each transversal bent has 12 steel pipe piles and five pile cap joints ;three steel pipe piles are set under pile cap of every crane beam, and two steel pipe piles are set under the pile caps of other beams.In the superstructure , concrete transversal beams are cast-in-situ , the catenary arched longitudinal beam of reinforced concrete and laminated slabs are prefabricated .The transversal beam section is 5 .0m ×1 .0 m, top chord 1 .5m ×0 .8m , arch beam 1 .5m ×0 .8m , crosswise horizontal brace 0 .6 m×0 .8 m , and web member 0 .6 m ×0 .8 m.The interval of two arch beams is 8 .75 m ;the crosswise horizontal braces are set between arch beams , with the interval of 3 .5 m;the prefabricated slab is 4 m in length , 3 .2m in width , 0 .4m in thickness with the wearing carpet being 0 .05 m .I-bar is used as tie-rod in the bottom of arch beam .Its elastic modulus E =2 .1 ×105 N/mm2 , height h =400 mm , flange widthb =146mm , web plate thickness tw =14 .5 mm, cross-section area A =10200 mm2 .Since the tie-rod is too long , the hanger rods are set to decrease tie-rod deflection . Thus, the tie-rod and the arch longitudinal beam form an integral structure .The hot-rolled seamless steel tubes are used as hanger rods .The outer diameter of the pipe d =146 mm , thickness t =10 mm , and cross-section area A =4273 mm2 .4.3 Internal Force AnalysisTake a bent for example , when analyzing the internal force , the section of transversal beams and their loads change very little , therefore , only analysis on longitudinal beam and its loads is done .As to the load-combination , it considers the bearing capacity endurance state under limit condition .When loads are applied on catenary arched longitudinal beam , moment (M) variation of catenary arched longitudinal beam (Fig .2)is obtained with structural mechanical theory and finite element method (Bijaya et al, 2007; Ju , 2003).It shows that the positive moment of longitudinal beam increases obviously from arch springing to mid-span , and the maximum moment 16500 kN·m is at midspan . In t he third phase project of the Yangshan Deep-water Port under the original design loads , track beams are calculated according to simply supported beam in the construction period and elastically supported continuous beam in the service period , and the maximum moment at mid-span is 20747 kN·m . It is concluded that when the interval between bents increases to 28m , the maximum moment of arched longitudinal beam is still smaller than that of the original design longitudinal beam .This new type of wharf makes full use of arch compression resistance and overhead crossing .Table 1 Comparison between the two structures on theirmain parametersFig.2 .Moment diagram of catenary arched longitudinal beam (kN·m).5. ConclusionsThe underwater construction of open sea deep-water wharf is difficult and definitely needs high cost .Without increasing the section size and steel bars of longitudinal beams , catenary arched longitudinal beam can greatly enlarge the interval between bents , which leads to the decrease of piles and underwater construction work .Constructional members are prefabricated and floated to working site so that the construction speed is accelerated and fabrication cost can be reduced .Actually , high-piled wharf project costs great deal , however , wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams needs fewer piles and thus reduces the manufacture cost largely .Wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams has good stress states and large interval between transverse bents ;the superstructure has large space stiffness and needs a small number of construction components ;catenary arch is prefabricated with reinforced concrete and convenient to set mould and cast concrete .Large space under catenary arch and the good ventilation can improve the durability of constructional members .Generally speaking , wharf with catenary arched longitudinal beams is a new type of good mechanical property and economic benefit .It will adapt to the request of large span new harbor constructions in the future .深水码头拱形纵梁结构研究翟秋，鲁子爱和张淑华摘要高桩梁板式码头经过了几年的发展应用，已经足够成熟作为中国沿海地区码头最重要的结构类型。
英语翻译毕业论文 简析林语堂译《浮生六记》中的归化与异化
A Brief Analysis of Domestication and Foreignization Translation in Lin Yutang’s Six Chapters of a Floating LifebyXXXXXXThesis Advisor: XXXXXXSubmitted to the B.A. Committee in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Degree ofBachelor of Arts in the English Department ofSchool of Foreign Languages of XXXXXXXCollege12 October 201XXXXX大学本科生毕业论文题目：简析林语堂译《浮生六记》中的归化与异化学生姓名：指导教师：二级学院：外国语学院系别：英语系专业：英语年级：201X届学号：完成日期：201X年10月12日Title: A Brief Analysis of Domestication and Foreignization Translation in Lin Yutang’s Six Chapters of a Floating LifeAbstract: Domestication and foreignization are two strategies in translation, with regard to the degree to which translators make a text conform to the target culture. And the disputes over the choice of these two strategies always go with the translation practice. However, domestication and foreignization both used by one translator for one text is not contradictory but complementary, just as what Lin Y utang does in his English version of Six Chapters of a Floating Life.This thesis will give a brief analysis of domestication and foreignization translation in Lin Yutang’s Six Chapters of a Floating Life by analyzing domestication and foreignization, translation concept of Lin Yutang, and Lin’s attitude toward Six Chapters of a Floating Life.Key words:Lin Yutang; domestication; foreigniation; Six Chapters of a Floating Life题目：简析林语堂译《浮生六记》中的归化与异化摘要:根据在翻译中所体现的目的语文化程度的不同，有归化与异化两种翻译策略。
有关翻译文学论文
有关翻译⽂学论⽂ 中国现代⽂学⾃诞⽣之⽇起就与外国⽂学有着千丝万缕的联系,翻译⽂学则是这⼀联系的中介,即外国⽂学通过翻译⽂学实现对中国现代⽂学的影响。
下⾯是店铺为⼤家整理的有关翻译⽂学论⽂，供⼤家参考。
有关翻译⽂学论⽂范⽂⼀：翻译⽂学批评论⽂ 1.翻译⽂学批评中的价值主体 就某⼀特定译作⽽⾔，与之发⽣价值联系的任何个⼈和群体都会与译作形成价值关系。
因此，译作除了与其译者形成价值关系外，还与其读者形成了价值关系。
就后⼀类价值关系⽽⾔，有多少读者就理应有多少种价值关系。
在围绕译作所形成的所有价值关系中，译者与译作所形成的价值关系仅仅是其中的⼀种，⽽且还不是最重要的⼀种，因为译作主要是为读者⽽不是为译者准备的。
译作与其读者尤其是与读者群所形成的价值关系才是最重要的。
对于译作与上述个体和群体所形成的众多价值关系，翻译⽂学批评都有关注的必要和责任，从⽽也形成了翻译批评的不同⽅⾯。
但就⼀般情况⽽⾔，翻译⽂学批评所关注的价值关系，往往不是译作与个体读者的关系，因为每个读者的修养、阅读⽬的、情趣等不尽相同，批评者很难对他与译作所形成的特定的价值关系进⾏评判，即使能够进⾏这样的评判，评判的结果往往也没有太⼤的实践意义。
然⽽，⼀部译作与其庞⼤的读者群所形成的价值关系，常常对社会产⽣较⼤的影响，也⾃然成为翻译⽂学批评需要关注的主要对象。
因此，翻译⽂学批评所要评价的价值关系，主要应该是译作与其读者群所形成的价值关系，⽽⾮译作与个体读者或译者的关系。
因此从这个意义上讲，翻译⽂学批评中的价值主体主要是读者群。
翻译批评要评价的价值关系，应该是译作与其读者群所形成的价值关系，即看译作在多⼤程度上满⾜了读者群的需要，尤其是译作对整个社会的进步产⽣了什么样的影响，影响有多⼤。
显然，翻译⽂学批评主要不是评价译作与译者的价值关系，也不是评价译作与某位特定读者所形成的价值关系，⽽往往是评价译作与⼴⼤读者所形成的价值关系。
既然如此，译作与众多的价值主体所形成的多种价值关系中，⼴⼤读者所构成的价值主体才是翻译⽂学批评中最重要的价值主体。
翻译实践报告毕业论文
翻译实践报告毕业论文
在翻译实践报告毕业论文的过程中，我深刻体会到了翻译工作的复杂性和挑战性。
作为一名翻译者，我不仅需要具备扎实的语言功底，还需要具备丰富的专业知识和良好的翻译技巧。
在这篇报告中，我将分享我在翻译实践中所遇到的问题和挑战，以及我采取的解决方法和经验总结。
首先，翻译实践中最大的挑战之一就是语言的准确性和表达的得体性。
在翻译
过程中，我发现直译往往无法完全表达原文的意思，因此我需要根据上下文和语境来进行灵活处理，以确保译文的准确性和流畅性。
同时，我也需要不断充实自己的词汇量和语言表达能力，以应对各种复杂的翻译情况。
其次，专业知识的储备也是翻译工作中不可或缺的一部分。
在翻译实践中，我
经常会遇到一些专业术语和领域知识的难题，这就需要我不断学习和积累相关的知识，以便更好地理解和翻译原文。
同时，我也会主动与专业人士进行沟通和交流，以便及时解决翻译中遇到的专业问题。
此外，翻译实践中的时间管理和压力控制也是需要重视的问题。
翻译工作往往
需要在有限的时间内完成，因此我需要合理安排时间，高效率地进行翻译工作。
同时，我也需要学会在工作压力下保持良好的心态，以便更好地完成翻译任务。
总的来说，翻译实践是一项综合能力的考验，需要翻译者具备良好的语言功底、丰富的专业知识、优秀的翻译技巧以及良好的时间管理和压力控制能力。
通过这次翻译实践，我不仅提高了自己的翻译水平，也积累了宝贵的经验和教训，这将对我的未来翻译工作产生积极的影响。
希望在以后的工作中，我能够不断提升自己，成为一名优秀的翻译者。
本科学生毕业设计论文外文翻译
本科学生毕业设计论文外文翻译摘要：本文翻译了一篇名为《本科学生毕业设计论文外文翻译》的论文。
该论文是一篇外文翻译文档，目的是对本科学生毕业设计论文进行翻译和解读。
本文主要介绍了翻译文档的主要内容，包括引言、目的、方法和结果等等。
通过对外文论文的翻译，本文旨在帮助读者更好地理解和使用该论文，为本科学生毕业设计提供参考。
引言：在现代教育体系中，本科学生毕业设计是一个非常重要的环节，它代表着学生在本科阶段所取得的学术成果。
然而，对于很多学生来说，毕业设计论文的外文部分是一个很大的挑战。
由于学生们在外文翻译方面的能力和经验有限，很多人往往会选择将外文论文直接用机器翻译工具进行翻译，从而导致翻译的不准确和理解的困难。
因此，有必要对本科学生毕业设计论文的外文部分进行翻译和解读，为学生们提供更好的学习资源和参考资料。
目的：本文的目的是对一篇名为《本科学生毕业设计论文外文翻译》的外文论文进行翻译和解读。
通过翻译和解读该文章，本文旨在帮助读者更好地理解和使用该论文。
同时，本文也希望通过翻译文档的方式向学生们展示一个翻译文档的模板和方法，从而提高学生们的外文翻译能力和学术写作水平。
方法：本文采用了传统的翻译方法，即先对外文论文进行逐句逐词的翻译，然后再对翻译结果进行调整和优化，以确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。
在翻译过程中，本文尽量保持原文的风格和语气，同时加入适当的注释和解释，以方便读者理解和使用。
结果：通过对外文论文的翻译和解读，本文获得了一份准确、流畅且容易理解的译文。
该译文不仅保持了原文的意思和语气，而且添加了适当的注释和解释，更加便于读者理解和使用。
通过阅读本文，读者不仅可以了解该论文的主要内容和观点，还可以了解翻译文档的模板和方法，从而提高自己的外文翻译能力和学术写作水平。
毕业设计(论文)外文翻译【范本模板】
华南理工大学广州学院本科生毕业设计(论文）翻译英文原文名Review of Vibration Analysis Methods for Gearbox Diagnostics and Prognostics中文译名对变速箱振动分析的诊断和预测方法综述学院汽车工程学院专业班级车辆工程七班学生姓名刘嘉先学生学号201130085184指导教师李利平填写日期2015年3月15日英文原文版出处：Proceedings of the 54th Meeting of the Society for Machinery Failure Prevention Technology, Virginia Beach，V A, May 1-4，2000，p. 623-634译文成绩：指导教师(导师组长）签名：译文：简介特征提取技术在文献中有描述;然而，大多数人似乎掩盖所需的特定的预处理功能。
一些文件没有提供足够的细节重现他们的结果，并没有一个全面的比较传统的功能过渡齿轮箱数据。
常用术语,如“残差信号”,是指在不同的文件不同的技术.试图定义了状态维修社区中的常用术语和建立所需的特定的预处理加工特性。
本文的重点是对所使用的齿轮故障检测功能。
功能分为五个不同的组基于预处理的需要。
论文的第一部分将提供预处理流程的概述和其中每个特性计算的处理方案。
在下一节中，为特征提取技术描述，将更详细地讨论每一个功能。
最后一节将简要概述的宾夕法尼亚州立大学陆军研究实验室的CBM工具箱用于齿轮故障诊断。
特征提取概述许多类型的缺陷或损伤会增加机械振动水平。
这些振动水平，然后由加速度转换为电信号进行数据测量。
原则上,关于受监视的计算机的健康的信息被包含在这个振动签名。
因此，新的或当前振动签名可以与以前的签名进行比较,以确定该元件是否正常行为或显示故障的迹象。
在实践中，这种比较是不能奏效的。
由于大的变型中,签名的直接比较是困难的。
相反,一个涉及从所述振动署名数据特征提取更多有用的技术也可以使用。
翻译专业毕业论文
翻译专业毕业论文Translation Major Graduation Thesis (700 words)Title: The Impact of Technology on Translation Industry Abstract:With the rapid development of technology, the translation industry has undergone significant changes. This paper analyzes the impact of technology on the translation industry from the aspects of translation tools, machine translation, and online translation platforms. Through the analysis of relevant research materials, it is found that although technology has brought convenience and efficiency to the translation industry, it cannot replace human translation. The translator's expertise and linguistic acumen are still irreplaceable in accurately conveying the meaning and context of the source language. Therefore, translators should embrace technological advancements while continuously improving their own translation skills to adapt to the changing environment of the industry.Introduction:The translation industry plays a crucial role in promoting international communication and cultural exchange. With the rapid development of technology, translation tools, machine translation, and online translation platforms have emerged, which has greatly impacted the translation industry. This paper aims to analyze the impact of technology on the industry and explore how translators can adapt to these changes.1. Impact of Translation Tools:Translation tools, such as computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools, have become an indispensable part of translation work. These tools can automatically extract text segments for translation, provide suggestions, and accurately count words and characters, greatly improving translation efficiency. Translators can also use translation memory tools to store and retrieve translated segments, which can significantly reduce repetitive work and maintain translation consistency. However, it is worth noting that the use of translation tools requires translators to have a certain level of computer literacy. Moreover, these tools cannot fully grasp the nuances and context of the source language, which still requires human intervention.2. Impact of Machine Translation:Machine translation (MT) technology has made significant progress in recent years. With the help of artificial intelligence (AI), machine translation engines can translate texts in seconds, making it a popular choice for quick and simple translations. However, the translation quality of machine translation is still far from satisfactory. It often produces translations that are grammatically incorrect or lack context. Therefore, machine translation is more suitable for informational purposes rather than for professional translation. Translators should be cautious when utilizing machine translation and make necessary revisions to ensure the accuracy and naturalness of the translation.3. Impact of Online Translation Platforms:Online translation platforms, such as Google Translate, have made translation accessible to a wider audience. Users can simply input text and receive a translation instantly. While these platformsprovide convenience to users in need of instant translations, the quality of translations varies. As professional translators, we should utilize these platforms as a reference or a starting point for our work, rather than relying solely on them. The professional judgment and linguistic knowledge of translators are still essential in producing high-quality translations.Conclusion:Technology has undoubtedly brought convenience and efficiency to the translation industry. Translation tools, machine translation, and online translation platforms have changed the way translators work and interact with clients. However, it is important for translators to recognize that technology cannot replace human translation. The translator's expertise and linguistic acumen are still crucial for accurately conveying the meaning and context of the source language. Therefore, translators should embrace technological advancements while continuously improving their skills to adapt to the changing environment of the industry.。
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翻译与评析毕业论文
长期以来，翻译的宗旨是忠实地再现作者在原文中表达的意图。
传统语言观认为，语言不仅是一种表达工具，而且也是存在的组成部分，是人类的生存方式，具有精神创造性和隐晦性等特质，语言的意义发生在使用的过程中，具有动态性、规则性和开放性。
翻译作为一种语言活动，在实际操作中，往往会撼动传统的翻译观与译文忠实原则，扭转了翻译的忠实再现身份，而是将其转变为一个意义的再生过程，在这个独特的过程中，旧有意义被理解阐释与传递，新的意义被赋予创造。
探讨《哪吒之魔童降世》电影中文化信息的翻译
当今中国已经进入发展的新时代，综合国力和国际地位不容小觑，世界各国也越来越关注中国的发展进程，不仅关注中国硬实力的腾飞，也希望对中国历史和中国文化有更加深入的了解，而中国也希望对外传播本国文化，让中国优良文化顺利走向世界。
影视作品是最贴近人民生活的传播媒介，自然体现出其在文化交流过程中的独特优势，而字幕翻译则为影视作品的对外传播搭建起至关重要的桥梁。
2019年，电影《哪吒之魔童降世》在中国内地上映，这部影片讲述了哪吒为摆脱“生而为魔”的命运束缚而不懈努力斗争的成长励志故事，体现出哪吒越挫越勇，永不言弃的精神品格。
该片自上映以来广受赞誉，并代表中国内地参选2020年第92届奥斯卡最佳国际影片。
字幕翻译在国内影片对外传播过程中发挥着至关重要的作用，不仅要准确传达原作内容，还要考虑日的语国家观众的文化背景，最大程度减少文化传播过程中的障碍。
因此，本文从纽马克交际翻译理
论视角出发，探析该理论在处理电影中文化信息的翻译问题方面所发挥的作用，以期为该领域进一步的翻译研究提供新思路。
一、纽马克交际翻译理论
英国着名翻译家和翻译理论家彼得·纽马克在其着作《翻译问题探讨》一书中提出“语义翻译”和“交际翻译”的概念(Newmark,1981),摆脱了翻译界一直以来局限于直译和意译的问题，开拓了翻译研究的视野，对翻译研究和翻译实践有十分重要的指导意义。
交际翻译以读者的阅读感受为中心，强调译文对其读者所产生的效果应尽可能接近原文对其读者所产生的效果(Newmark,l981)。
杨清宇(2017)认为，交际翻译的首要日的是准确地传达原作想要表达的意图，在这一基础上重点关注译文的表达效果，增强译文的流畅性和可读性，以确保目的语读者能够准确接受原文所传递的信息及内涵。
依照交际翻译理论的原则与要求，译文表达的自然与地道是翻译的主要目的，为实现这一目的，必要时可以在内容与形式方面进行合理调整，甚至有所舍弃。
由此可见，交际翻译的重点在于“交际”二字，为目的语读者创造良好的阅读体验，实现源语与日的语间的有效交流和沟通，是交际翻译最为显着的特点。
纽马克所倡导的交际翻译在翻译实践过程中体现出非常重要的指导意义，尤其在文化信息翻译方面更是发挥着十分关键的作用。
然而翻译界对纽马克交际翻译理论的重视程度却并不高，国内对于该理论的高质量研究也存在一定缺失。
因此，本文以纽马克交际翻译理论为指导，分析该理论在电影文化信息翻译中发挥的作用，以进一步验证交际翻译对翻译实践的指导意义。
二、字幕翻译研究现状作为影视作品对外传播过程中不可或缺的一环，字幕翻译越来越受到学界的关注和重
视。
从整体来看，国内外有关字幕翻译的研究发展速度较为平缓，近年来逐渐显现出稳步提升的趋势。
由此可见，字幕翻译或将成为翻译研究领域所关注的新焦点。
通过梳理文献发现，早年国内外对于字幕翻译的研究多集中于字幕这种视听语言的特性及功用方面。
国外学者Henrik Gott1ieb(1992)和Birgit Nedergaard-Laen(l993)均表示，字幕翻译在形式上要比通常意义上的笔译和口译形式更加丰富，需要多种模态共同参与。
国内学者钱绍昌(2000)和李运兴(2001)则重点关注字幕语言的特性，如瞬时性和通俗性等，这些特性要求字幕翻译时信息不能过于冗长，要充分考虑观众在短时间内的信息接受程度。
近年来，国内学者对字幕翻译的研究则更偏向跨文化交际层面，李霞(2017)认为字幕翻译在处理文化特色内容时可采取转换的方式；张阿林和曾哲琳(2019)运用语料库分析字幕翻译中容易出现错误的问题，发现大多数情况都发生在文化信息的翻译处理方面；王娟(2020)则提出，字幕翻译与传统的翻译形式有所区别，有时无法完全遵循对等的翻译要求。
为实现源语与目的语间的有效交流，以便目的语观众在短时间内理解影片含义，译者需要运用交际翻译的方式处理文化信息这一翻译难点。
因此，本文在纽马克交际翻译理论的指导下，对电影中文化信息的翻译进行研究。
三、交际翻译在电影文化信息翻译中的应用
本文所选语料为中国电影《哪吒之魔童降世》的英汉双语字幕，其中包含了许多文化特色鲜明的表达方式，为了向目的语国家的观众提供更好的观影体验，实现中国文化的有效对外传播，译文在处理文化信息时经常运用到交际翻译的指导思想。
(一)成语的翻译
成语是中国传统文化的一大特色，结构规整，内涵丰富。
英文中并没有这类表达形式，因此成语是翻译过程中需要解决的难题。
通常情况下，为确保目的语受众准确理解源语含义，翻译成语时会舍弃源语结构特征，以确保译文通俗易懂，这符合交际翻译的要求。
原文：你今天是插翅难飞。
译文：You can't escape.This is the end of the line。
分析：原文场景出现在电影开头，太乙真人和申公豹奉命捉拿混天珠，申公豹劝混天珠束手就擒，不要妄图逃走。
“插翅难飞”字面含义是插上翅膀也难以飞走，比喻陷入困境，无法逃脱的情形。
原文结构简洁，只需一个四字成语便可传达出说话者的意图，而译文则将其处理为两个句子，前文“You can't escape.”诠释出“插翅难飞”的比喻义，直接表明原文含义，后文补充“This is the end of the1ine.”,这是一句英文习语，指事情发展到尽头，有终结之意，感情色彩偏消极。
置于原文语境中，可以理解为“你的末日到了”，表达出申公豹对于收服混天珠信心满满，也能体现出一种警告的意味。
译文以目的语惯用表达传达源语含义和情感，减轻观众理解负担，符合交际翻译的原则。
(二)方言的翻译
带有四川口音的太乙真人形象是这部电影最为突出的一大特色。
方言是十分重要的文化信息，具有明显的地域特征和文化内涵，这种特殊性会在字幕翻译过程中造成很大的困难。
因此，这种情况需要在交际翻译的指导下进行适当的调整和转变，以减少源语与日的语之间的交流障碍。