上海市奉贤区2017届高三政治4月调研测试二模试题

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()奉贤区中考数学二模试题(含答案),文档

()奉贤区中考数学二模试题(含答案),文档

上海市奉贤区2021届九年级数学4月调研测试题〔二模〕〔考试时间100分钟,总分值150分〕一、选择题:〔本大题共6题,每题4分,总分值24分〕1、2的倒数是〔〕A、2B、-22D、-2 C、2 22、以下算式的运算为m2的是〔〕A、m4m2B、m6m3C、(m1)2D、m4m23、直线y=〔3-π〕x经过的象限是〔〕A、一、二象限B、一、三象限C、二、三象限D、二、四象限4、李老师用软件记录了某个月〔30天〕每天走路的步数〔单位:万步〕它将记录的结果绘制成了如图一所示的统计图,在李老师每天走路的步数这组数据中,众数与中位数分别为〔〕A、与B、与C、与D、与5、小明用如图2所示的方法画出了△ABC全等的△DEF,他的具体画法是:①画射线DM,在射线DM上截取DE=BC;②以点D为圆心,BA长为半径画弧,以E为圆心,CA长为半径画弧,两弧相交于点F;③联结FD、FE;这样△DEF就是所要画的三角形,小明这样画的依据是全等三角形判定方法中的〔〕A、边角边B、角边角C、角角边D、边边边6、两圆相交,它们的圆心距为3,一个圆的半径是 2,那么另一个圆的半径长可以是〔〕A、1B、3C、5D、7二、填空题:〔本大题共12题,每题4分,总分值48〕7、计算:〔-1〕2021+20-4=;8、函数y=x+2的定义域是;9、方程x=-x的解是;110、如果抛物线y=a x 2 -3的顶点是它的最低点,那么 a 的取值范围是;11、如果抛物线yax 23的顶点是它的最低点,那么a 的取值范围是;12、如果点P 〔m-3,1〕在反比例函数y1的图像上,那么m 的值是;x13、学校组织“中华经典诗词大赛 〞,共设有20个试题,其中有关“诗句理解〞的试题 10个,有关“诗句作者〞的试题6个,有关“试卷默写〞的试题 4个.小杰从中任选一个试题作答, 他选中有关“诗句作者〞的试题的概率是;14、为了解某区3600名九年级学生的体育训练情况,随机抽取了区内 200名九年级学生进行了一次体育模拟测试,把测试结果分为四个等级: A 级:优秀;B 级:良好;C 级:及格;D 级:不及格,并将测试结果绘制成了如下列图的统计图 .由此估计全区九年级体育测试成绩可以到达优秀的人数约为;15、在梯形ABCD中,AD //BC ,AD=1 ABa ,DCb ,那么BC 等于BC ,设2〔结果用a 、b 的线性组合表示〕;16、如果正n 边形的内角是它的中心角的2倍,那么边数 n 的值是;17、在等腰ABC 中,当顶角A 的大小确定时,它的对边〔即底边BC 〕与邻边〔即腰AB 或AC 〕的对边〔底边〕T 〔A 〕,即TAABC.例:T 〔60 的比值也确定了,我们把这个比值记作的邻边〔腰〕〕AAB〕=;=1,那么T 〔12018、如图,矩形ABCD ,点E 是边AD 上一点,过点E 作EF BC ,垂足为点F ,将BEF 绕着点E 逆时针旋转,使点B 落在边BC上的点N 处,点 F 落在边DC 上的点M 处,如果点M 恰好是边DC 的中点,那么AD的值是。

2019上海奉贤区英语二模试卷

2019上海奉贤区英语二模试卷

2018学年奉贤区调研测试高三英语试卷(201904)考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分140分。

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.答題前,务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At an airport. B. In an office. C. At a police station. D. At a travel agency.2. A. Down jackets are now on sale.B. She can’t wa it for the winter to arrive.C. It’s hard to know how severe the winter will be.D. She needs a warm jacket.3. A. Learning to drive. B. Buying the insurance.C. Buying a car.D. Taking a plane.4. A. E ric won’t eat vegetable without meat. B. Eric likes both vegetable and meat.C. Some meat will solve Eric’s problem.D. Eric is short of vegetable.5. A. He is invasive B. He is heroic.C. He is life-threatening.D. He is awkward.6. A. Reviews of the comedy are negative. B. The reaction to the comedy is varied.C. The review of the newspaper is one-sided.D. Media are prejudiced against the comedy.7. A. Deliver the package in person.B. Pick up the package at the post office.C. Ask to have the package delivered to his home.D. Find out the opening hours of the post office.8. A. It hasn’t been graded. B. It received a low grade.C. The committee is discussing it.D. The woman hasn’t handed it in.9. A. He has been to Seattle many times. B. He has chaired a lot of conferences.C. He holds a high position in his company.D. He lived in Seattle for many years.10. A. It is too late for the man to go to the theatre.B. People have already been standing in line for two hours.C. The man must wait for two hours to buy the ticket.D. The man can buy a special ticket before the drama starts.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked questions on each of them. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They are gardeners. B. They sell vegetables.C. They run a guesthouse.D. They are scientists.12. A. Five hours. B. Eight hours.C. Twelve hours.D. Fourteen hours.13. A. They have deeper roots. B. They don’t need sunshine.C. They have wider leaves.D. They have bigger flowers.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. It is produced in small quantities. B. It is sold at a lower price.C. It is served mainly in McDonald’s.D. It is grown from cows alone.15. A. The land and the water system have been polluted seriously.B. Not enough meat has been produced to meet people’s needs.C. Much land has been used up for animals and their food.D. It has consumed fewer and fewer natural resources.16. A. Steaks and hamburgers. B. Animal rights.C. The food crisis in the future.D. Lab-grown meat.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He is an Englishman living in Sweden.B. He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C. He visits London nearly every winter.D. He likes Sweden better than England.18. A. The long night. B. The bad weather.C. The gloomy winter.D.The cold houses.19. A. Delightful. B. Refreshing. C. Painful. D.Depressing.20. A. They work hard and play hard.B. They often stay up late reading.C. They like to go camping in summer.D. They try to earn more and spend more.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.How to Make the Most of Y our Lunch HourShould you grab a bite at your desk or eat with your colleagues? That depends on what’s on your agenda for the rest of the day.Lunch hours (21) ______ (get) shorter and shorter and even disappearing in some parts of today’s working world. With fewer employees (22) _______(ask) to accomplish more in a day, many Americans treat lunch not as a break but as just another task to squeeze into an already over-booked day.But do quick meals at the desk actually improve productivity over more leisurely meals?The researchers only studied 32 employees, so the findings are debatable. But when they assigned one group to eat at their desks and another to dine with a colleague at a restaurant, they found those who ate lunch together showed a decline (23) _______their performance on tests thatmeasured concentration, memory and the ability to catch errors and read emotions in facial expressions following lunch than before lunch. Both groups ate the same meals, but those who ate alone were only given 20 minutes to consume their food, (24) _______the paired participants were allowed one hour in the restaurant. Those who ate alone did not have as large a drop in their cognitive processing as those who ate in the restaurant.What was responsible for the change? There were too many variables at play to determine which had the strongest influence on cognitive control-- was it the companionship, or was it the restaurant environment (25) _______other diners were present, music was played and the meal was served by wait staff, or was it the longer time to enjoy the meal?(26) _______ factor was responsible, the group that took a restaurant lunch break came back more relaxed, say the authors, and that likely affected their cognitive sharpness. Sharing a meal outside the office with a friend appears to have a (27) ______ (calm) effect, and while it reduces intellectual skills, it may develop social harmony and teamwork, which (28) _______be an important feature of some work tasks.But don’t feel sorry for the lone lunchers. It turns out (29) ______since they were able to maintain their cognitive skills following the meal, they might be in a better position (30) ______ (think) creatively for projects that require more innovative solutions or approaches.Section BDirection: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Genes That Make You SmarterThe contributions genes make to intelligence increase as children grow older. This goes against the idea most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy(遗产)we are born with and may have (31)______ for education.“People assume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life,”says Robert Plomin.“What we found was quite (32) ______ and goes in the other direction.”Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are (33) ______ due to genetics. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin’s team gathered data from six separate studies carried out in 4 countries, (34) ______a total of 11000 pairs of twins. The researchers tested twins on reasoning, arithmetics etc. to measure a quantity called “G”. Each study also included both identical twins, with the same genes, and fraternal twins(异卵双生), sharing about half their genes, making it possible to (35)______ the contributions of genes and environment to their G scores.Plomin’s team calculated in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variation in intelligence. In adolescence, this rose to 55 percent; by young adolescence, it was 66 percent.No one (36) ______knows why the influence from genes should increase with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older, they become better at handling their environment tosuit t heir genetic needs, and says “kids with high G will use their environment to develop their cognitive ability and choose friends who are like-minded. Children with (37) ______to low G may choose less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasizing their genetic legacy.”Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. “The evidence of strong heritability (遗传可能性)doesn’t mean that there is nothing you can do about it,”says Susanne Jaeggi, “from our own work, the ones that started off with low er IQ scores had higher (38)______after training.”Plomin suggests genetic differences may be more emphasized if all children share an identical curriculum instead of it being (39) ______to children’s natural abilities.“My tendency would be to give every one a good education, but put more effort into the lower end,” he says.Intelligence researchers Paul Thompson agrees: “It shows that educators need to (40)______ kids towards things drawing out their natural talents.”III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirection: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Open data-sharers are still in the minority in many fields. Although many researchers broadly agree that public access to raw data would promote science, most are (41) ______to post the results of their own labours online.Some communities have agreed to share online-geneticists, for example, post DNA sequences at the GenBank repository(库), and astronomers are accustomed to (42) ______ images of galaxies and stars from, say, the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, a telescope that has observed some 500 million objects -- but these remain the (43)______, not the rule. Historically, scientists have (44) ______sharing for many reasons: it is a lot of work; until recently, good databases did not exist; grant funders were not pushing for sharing; it has been difficult to agree on standards for formatting data; and there is no agreed way to assign credit for data.But the (45) ______ are disappearing in part because journals and funding agencies worldwide are encouraging scientists to make their data (46) ______. Last year, the Royal Society in London said in its report that scientists need to “(47) ______ a research culture where data is viewed as private preserve”. Funding agencies note that data paid for with public money should be public information, and the scientific community is recognizing that data can now be shared online in ways that were not possible before. To match the growing demand, services are springing up to make it easier to publish research products (48)_______ and enable other researchers to discover and cite (引用) them.Although calls to share data often concentrate on the (49) ______ advantages of sharing, the practice is not purely beneficial to others. Researchers who share get plenty of personal benefits, including more connections with colleagues, improved (50) ______ and increased citations. The most successful sharers -- those whose data are downloaded and cited the most often -- get noticed, and their work gets used. (51) ______, one of the most popular data sets on multidisciplinary repository Dryad is about wood density around the world; it has been (52) ______ 5,700 times. Co-author Amy Zanne thinks that users probably range from climate-change researchers wanting to estimate how much carbon is stored in biomass, to foresters looking forinformation on different grades of' trees. “I’d much prefer to have my data used by the (53) ______ number of people to ask their own questions,” she says. “It’s important to allow readers and reviewers to see exactly how you arrive at your results. Publishing data and code allows your science to be (54) ______.”Even people whose data are less popular can benefit. By making the effort to organize and label files so others can understand them, scientists can become more organized and better disciplined themselves, thus avoiding (55) ______ later on.41. A. restricted B. reluctant C. desperate D. generous42. A. accessing B. processing C. analyzing D. identifying43. A. assumption B. mystery C. exception D. phenomenon44. A. longed for B. appealed to C. focused on D. objected to45. A. symptoms B. barriers C. advantages D. consequences46. A. controllable B. unique C. reliable D. public47. A. shift away from B. end up with C. give rise to D. build up48. A. secretly B. digitally C. ethically D. fairly49. A. material B. individual C. moral D. economic50. A. visibility B. awareness C. condition D. confidence51. A. On the contrary B. As a result C. For example D. After all52. A. downloaded B. updated C. optimized D. addressed53. A. moderate B. maximum C. average D. estimated54. A. reversible B. profitable C. reproducible D. recognizable55. A. crisis B. confusion C. risk D. conflictSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)It was 1961 and I was in the fifth grade. My marks in school were miserable and, the thing was, I didn’t know enough to really care. My older b rother and I lived with Mom in a humble house in Detroit. We watched TV every night.But one day Mom changed our world forever. She turned off the TV. Our mother had only been able to get through third grade. But, she was much brighter and smarter than we boys knew at the time. She had noticed something in the suburban houses she cleaned--books. So she came home one day, snapped off the TV, sat us down and explained that her sons were going to make something of themselves. “You boys are going to read two books every week,”she said. “And you’re going to write a report on what you read.”We complained about how unfair it was. Besides, we didn’t have any books in the house ot her than Mom’s Bible. But she explained that we would go where the books were regardless of how unwilling or even angry we were: “I’ll drive you to the library.”So pretty soon there were these two peevish boys sitting in her car on their way to Detroit Public Library. I wandered reluctantly among the children’s books. I loved animals, so when I saw some books that seemed to be about animals, I started leafing through them.The first book I read clear through was Chip the Dam Builder. It was about beavers. For the first time in my life I was lost in another world. No television program had ever taken me so far away from my surroundings as did this verbal visit to a cold stream in a forest and these animals building a home.It didn’t dawn on me at the time, b ut the experience was quite different from watching TV. There were images forming in my mind instead of before my eyes. And I could return to them again and again with the flip of a page. Soon I began to look forward to visiting this quiet refuge from my other world.Now my older brother is an engineer and I am a doctor. Sometimes I still can’t believe my life’s journey, from a failing and indifferent student in a Detroit public school to this position, which takes me all over the world to teach and perform critical surgery.But I know when the journey began the day Mom snapped off the TV set and put us in her car for that drive to the library.56. We can learn from the beginning of the passage that ______.A. the author and his brother had done well in schoolB. the author had been very concerned about his school workC. the author had spent much time watching TV after schoolD. the author had realized how important schooling was57. According to the passage, which of the following words can best describe the author’s mother?A. Tolerant and decisive.B. Aggressive and open-minded.C. Determined and farsighted.D. Persistent and literate.58. The underlined word “peevish” in the passage can be replaced by ______.A. naughtyB. bad-temperedC. patientD. obedient59. The author began to love books for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______.A. he could constantly review the plots in the booksB. he could visualize what he read in his mindC. he could get many rewards from his motherD. he realized that books offered him new experience(B)NANCY DREW AND THE HIDDEN STAIRCASE (PG)Age 10+Sparkling book adaptation has great characters, some scares.“Nancy Drew and the Hidden Staircase” is based on a classic 1930 Nancy Drew mystery book and is aimed at teens and young teens. Although the story involves a politically motivated kidnapping and a supposedly haunted house, the scariest moment is during what turns out to be a dream sequence. Positive messages include courage and teamwork, and strong role models (mostly female) are at the center of the action. (89 minutes)WONDER PARK (PG)Age 8+Imaginative but intense adventure deals with worry and fear.“Wonder Park” is an animated adventure about an imaginative girl named June (voiced by Brianna Denski), who’s spent years dreaming up a magical amusement park named Wonderland with her mom (Jennifer Garner). You can expect plenty of action (including explosions and peril), as well as the looming presence of worry and sadness, since June is dealing with the fact that her mom has a serious illness. The film celebrates imagination, curiosity and perseverance, and it underlines the importance of not letting fear stop you from being yourself and doing what you love. (93 minutes)CAPTIVE STATE (PG-13)Age 14+Dark, disconnected but smart alien invasion movie.“Captive State” is an alien-invasion movie set in a future Chicago. Some humans try to cooperate with the conquering aliens, while others try to rebel; there’s a very complex plan at the heart of the story. Violence is the biggest issue: Humans are killed, both vaporized by aliens and shot by guns. There are explosions, blood splatters, gory surgeries, gross alien effects, cyanide pills and lots of chaos and stress. The movie is more about its own big ideas than about characters or emotions, but it’s smart enough that it should please most teen and adult sci-fi fans. John Goodman and Vera Farmiga co-star. (109 minutes)FIVE FEET APART (PG-13)Age 13+Strong acting saves predictable, sentimental love story.“Five Feet Apart” is based on the best-selling YA novel about Will (Cole Sprouse) and Stella (Haley Lu Richardson), two hospitalized 17-year-olds with cystic fibrosis (囊胞性纤维症) who fall in love. The story promotes treasuring those closest to you and has themes of perseverance and empathy. (115 minutes)60. If you are hooked on science fictions, which movie will you prefer according to the passage?A. WONDER PARK.B. NANCY DREW AND THE HIDDEN STAIRCASE.C. FIVE FEET APART.D. CAPTIVE STATE.61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. It’s appropriate to watch the film “Captive State” with a younger sister aged 5.B. The movie “Wonder Park” can teach you to be brave enough to face fear.C. You are advised to watch “Five Feet Apart” if you are free for one and half hours.D. “Nancy Drew and the Hidden Staircase” is adapted from a best-selling novel.62. After reading the passage, we can______.A. know about the background of the film productionB. learn about the popularity of these filmsC. gain a thorough understanding of the filmsD. have the best option for the film we want(C)The company that revolutionized the delivery of information now aims to do the same with electricity. Technology powerhouse Google today announced it would spend “tens of millions” of dollars next year in research and development and investments in an effort to drive down the cost of large-scale renewable energy to make it cheaper than coal. Not only will Google be hiring engineers and energy experts for its new initiative, known as RE<C (renewable energy at less cost than coal), but it also will make investments in new companies--starting with those that focus on solar-thermal technology, enhanced geothermal, and high-altitude wind power. “Cheap renewable energy is not only critical for the environment but also vital for economic development in many places where there is limited affordable energy of any kind,” said Sergey Brin, Google co-founder and president of technology, in a prepared statement.Coal supplies 40 percent of the world’s electricity and more than half of U.S. power, and if current trends continue, it is expected to grab an ever increasing share because it is a plentiful and cheap fuel for big consumers like the United States and Russia. But coal is also the worst fuel in its production of the global warming gas carbon dioxide. Google co-founder Larry Page said the company's goal is to produce one gigawatt (十亿瓦特)of renewable energy capacity that is cheaper than coal within “years, not decades.” Google says that’s enough electricity to power a city the size of San Francisco (about 330,000 households).Google, located in Mountain View, Calif., said it was initially working with two other California companies. They are eSolar, of Pasadena, which is specializing in solar-thermal power, using large fields of mirrors to concentrate sunlight and generate steam to run utility-scale electric turbines(涡轮), and Makani of Alameda, which is developing wind energy technology that takes advantage of the much stronger and more reliable currents available at high altitudes.Google did not specify how much money it was putting into its projects with these companies but said they both had “promising scalable energy technologies.” This portion of the initiative will be funded through the company’s philanthropic arm, , which is not a traditional charity but can make equity(股票)investments in companies. Brin and Page have pledged(抵押)1 percent of Google’s equity and profits toward efforts including climate change and global poverty.The RE<C program is the latest of a series of steps Google has taken on climate change. The company says it is on track in its goal to be carbon neutral in the near future.63. Which one of the following statements is TRUE of the coal?A. It is a kind of controversial fuel given its large quantity and its harm to the environment.B. It is a plentiful and cheap fuel that will surely earn more market share.C. It will be totally replaced by the renewable energy in years because it produces the worst gas--carbon dioxide.D. It is supported by some enthusiastic countries like U.S. and Russia which rely heavily on the coal.64. It can be inferred from the passage that______.A. has made some crucial decisions in expanding the companyB. has focused on exploiting alternatives to traditional energyC. is a charity organization committed to funding the projects benefiting mankind is an environmental organization that specializes in promoting green fuel65. What can NOT be learned about the RE<C Programme?A. It will come true in a few years with the efforts made.B. It is a programme of environmental protection.C. It is one of the measures taken to neutralize carbon.D. It will be realized through investment in solar and wind energy companies.66. The best title of this passage is______.A. Google’s RE<C ProgrammeB. Google, the Energy RevolutionaryC. Google, the Environmental ProtectorD. Google’s Renewable Energy ProjectSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Venice CarnivalThe annual Venice Carnival is in full swing, with thousands of revelers (狂欢者) gathering the city's canals and squares in elaborate costumes and extraordinary masks. (67) ______The Carnevale di Venezia is thought to date back to the 11th century, making it one of the world ’s oldest. Carnivals are held in many Catholic countries, such as Spain and Brazil,wherethey serve as a last chance to eat, drink and be merry before the deprivations of Lent, the 40 days of fasting(斋戒)that precede Easter.It is thought that the masks allowed Venetians to hide their identities, allowing the poor to mix with the wealthy, breaking strict social order, even if only for a brief and controlled period.(68) ______ The theme of Carnival 2019 is “Tutta colpa della Luna,”or “Blame the moon,”marking a half-century since man first walked on the satellite.To prevent overcrowding, authorities have installed turnstiles at the entrances to the historic St. Marks’Square, closing it off to new visitors once 23,000 revelers have entered. Costumed revelers are also searched as they enter the square.Venice is situated across a group of 118 small islands that are separated by canals and linked by over 400 bridges. The islands are located in the shallow Venetian Lagoon, an enclosed bay that lies between the mouths of the Po and the Piave Rivers. (69)______ The lagoon and a part of the city are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.Although most visitors stick to the traditional Carnival costumes of baroque gowns and bejeweled masks for women and black capes and threatening masks for men, more and more people are opting for their own unique interpretations.Some visitors use Carnival as an opportunity to show off a fantastic creation they've always dreamed of wearing. It doesn't have to be Venetian. (70) ______ At Carnival, everybody is free to be who--or what--they want to be. Perhaps a different gender-- or even species. That's the joy of the mask--nobody knows who or what the person wearing it was before Carnival.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71. Gardening can have many positive effects on your physical and mental health. Whether you’re growing fruit and veggies, flowers or succulents, getting your green thumb on can have a surprising number of health benefits for you and your family.Depending on the size of your garden, maintaining it can be a great way to be physically active. This could be as tough as mowing the lawn, or as gentle as getting a good stretch and practice stabilizing yourself while kneeling, sitting or reaching. In fact, gardening is a recommended activity as it can encourage the use of many motor skills, improve endurance and strength and keep you moving.These days, we can buy pretty much any fruit and vegetable we want from the supermarket, at any time of year. But gardening enables us to eat seasonally, which has important benefits for our bodies. For example, asparagus and apricots grow in spring and summer, while Brussels sprouts get going in winter. Eating seasonally can keep healthy eating exciting by encouraging you to try new recipes using in-season produce. You will also get a wider variety of different coloured produce, providing nutritious vitamins and minerals in your diet throughout the year as the produce you eat changes with the seasons.Gardening is also a great way to relax, providing opportunities to still the mind and get away from the busyness of everyday life. There is even evidence to suggest that gardening can help ease symptoms of mental illnesses like depression and anxiety. Whether you’re gardening by yourself, or getting the whole f amily involved, it’s a great way to spend some time outdoors, away from screens and to-do lists, and engage with nature. From repetitive tasks like weeding that provide opportunities for meditation, to practising patience while waiting for plants to grow, gardening is a great exercise for your mind as well as your body.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这项新颁布的规定仅适用于一些突发情况。

上海市奉贤区2021年高三历史等级考二模卷 带答案

上海市奉贤区2021年高三历史等级考二模卷 带答案

2020学年第二学期奉贤区高中等级考学科质量调研高中历史2021.4考生注意:1.本卷分选择题和综合题两大部分,满分为100分,考试时间为60分钟。

2.所有答案必须涂(选择题)或写(综合题)在答题纸的相应位置上。

一、选择题(每小题2分,共40分。

每题只有一个答案)1.与“君使臣有礼,臣事君以忠”主张较为契合的学派是A.道家B.儒家C.墨家D.法家2.“并吞战国,海内为一,功齐三代”的局面出现于A.公元前3世纪B.公元3世纪C.公元前2世纪D.公元2世纪3.从汉高祖推行“无为而治”,至汉武帝罢黜“黄老刑名百家之言”,其实质反映了A.君主个人的价值追求B.统治阶级的政治需要C.道学理论的发展完善D.统治集团内部的纷争4.下面三幅示意图能够反映的共同主题是A.政治中心的逐渐南移B.政权分立与民族交融C.游牧民族的不断汉化D.统一国家建立与巩固5.英国学者李约瑟认为“(13世纪的中国)文化和科学都达到了前所未有的高峰——哲学的探讨和科学的描述代替了宗教的信仰”。

材料中“哲学的探讨”当指A.程朱理学B.克己复礼C.阴阳五行D.道教思想6.以下可作为研究虎门销烟直接证据的是7.有学者这样描述近代上海外滩:“几年之间,外国洋行成排的楼群就勾勒出了黄浦江的曲线”。

造成这一现象的源头是A.鸦片战争后列强获得在通商口岸租地和居住的特权B.第二次鸦片战争后外国人在内地游历、通商、传教C.甲午战争战败后允许日本在中国通商口岸开设工厂D.八国联军侵华战争后划定使馆区允许各国派兵驻守8.光绪帝“迭命庆亲王奕劻、大学士李鸿章作为全权大臣,便宜行事,与各国使臣止兵议款”,由此签订了A.《北京条约》B.《天津条约》C.《南京条约》D.《辛丑条约》9.“中国代表团是来求同而不是来立异的。

”周恩来总理这段发言的场合是A.联合国大会B.万隆会议C.日内瓦会议D.开罗会议10.右图为1972年美国《时代周刊》封面。

标题是“尼克松的中国长征”。

2024届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试题

2024届上海市奉贤区高三下学期二模英语试题

2023 学年第二学期奉贤区高三英语练习卷考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟,试卷满分140 分。

2.本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

3.务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At the foot of a mountain. B. In the hiking trail.C. On the way to a mountain.D. On the mountaintop.2. A. Classmates. B. Cousins.C. Colleagues.D. Strangers.3. A. Rush out into the rain. B. Play a game of chess.C. Borrow more books.D. Return the books.4. A. He used to study very hard.B. He is not working hard this semester.C. He is one of the best students in class now.D. He remains unchanged in his academic performance.5. A. This job is very annoying. B. Kids are often troublesome.C. He prefers working with kids.D. He feels greater to work with adults.6. A. He is shy. B. He is calm.C. He is talkative.D. He is creative.7. A. He can't find the "ON" button on the calculator.B. He accidentally broke the woman's calculator.C. The calculator has been malfunctioning for some time.D. The woman doesn't want to fix the calculator.8. A. The team did a good job again this time.B. The team has little chance to win this time.C. The team didn't perform well for the first time.D. The team has lost the match four times.9. A. The man refuses the woman's apology.B. The man decides to forgive the woman.C. The woman intentionally hurt the man before.D. The woman tried to forget the whole thing.10. A. The plants may need more light.B. The woman should water the plants less.C. The corner is a better place for the plants.D. The woman's dormitory is not suitable for any plant.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following conversation.11. A. Design a landmark building using AI.B. Announce a policy to ban AI use in class.C. Allow students to use AI when taking exams.D. Encourage students to write essays using Chat GPT.12. A. Negative. B. Doubtful.C. Neutral.D. Supportive.13. A. Universities are banning the use of AI in assessments.B. Universities should adapt to the inevitable use of AI.C. Students turn to AI text gencrators for writing essays.D. Educators seldom struggle with the advancements in AI.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following conversation.14. A. Electric-powered with five seats.B. Wind-powered with five seats.C. Petrol-powered with three seats.D. Solar-powered with thrcc scats.15. A. Planning the flying taxi's possible route.B. Determining the cost of the flying taxi service.C. Establishing traffic rules for the flying taxis.D. Assessing carbon footprint of the flying taxis.16. A. The introduction and development of flying taxis.B. The training plan for the pilots of flying taxis.C. The preparation for the 2025 World Expo in Osaka.D. The competition between ANA and Joby Aviation.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Team collaborations. B. A job interview.C. Marketing strategies.D. A student organization.18. A. Finance. B. MarketingC. Customer service.D. Technical support.19. A. Reducing expenses. B. Increasing website visits.C. Analyzing customers' behaviors.D. Changing the website content.20. A. Its financial stability. B. Its extensive product line.C. Its commitment to innovation.D. Its staff welfare.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Are You Ready to Hug a Robot?Getting hugged tends to be a powerful positive emotional experience. Hugs have been shown to enhance social bonding and emotional well-being. However, not everyone can get a hug (21)______ they need one. Some people are lonely and do not have anyone to hug them. Others may be in long-distance relationships (22)______ it is not easy to get physical affection from their partner. In this case, they (23)______ receive fewer hugs than they like.How can this problem be solved? (24)______ scientists have proposed is to develop hug robots. This could offer lonely people the positive effects of getting hugged without the need (25)______(seek) a person who could hug them. Nevertheless, designing a hug robot is not an easy task. For example, if the robot is very large and made mostly of metal, people might be frightened of it, (26)______ happily hugging it. Therefore, psychological research is needed.A new study, which (27)______(publish) in International Journal recently, focuses on the development of Moffuly-II, a newly developed hug robot, which can move its arms to perform different small gestures during the hug. When two people hug, they often do specific things with their hands, such as clapping the(28)______(hug)person on the back to signal sympathy. It is important that a hug robot can perform similar gestures, too. In the study, the scientists wanted to know whether these gestures would make a robot hug(29)______(appealing). Volunteers who Moffully-Il hugged generally preferred hugs with gestures to gesture-less hugs. They felt that the robot was more friendly when(30)______(perform) gestures.The findings of the study indicate that it is possible to design a robot that people enjoy to hug. Details matter here, as the intra-hug gestures played a significant role in determining how much the human volunteers enjoyed the hug.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. floodedB. leapsC. increasinglyD. combinesE. reflectF. emphasizingG. pioneering H. crafted I. technical J. unexpectedly K. classicChinese animations(动画)are boomingThe "Black Cat Delective", released 40 years ago, was a childhood favorite for many Chinese. Since then, Chinese cartoons have come a long way. While "Black Cat Detective" was simply drawn, current cartoons feature31 advances and fascinating plots. One example is "Boonie Bears: Time Twist", a family-friendly adventure released in February, with smooth animation reminding us of Pixar, a 32 animation studio now owned by Disney.These recent 33 in quality have enabled Chinese cartoons to succeed at the domestic box office. "Ne Zha: Birth of the Demon Child" was the most well-received film in China in 2019, 34 beating out "Avengers: Endgame", a superhero movie by Marvel Studios.In the 1960s, China's animation industry saw a big downturn as American and Japanese films 35 into the Chinese market, dominating both domestic television and cinema screens. As a result, Chinese animators36 began to work for western studios. However, things changed in 2015 with the release of "Monkey King: Hero is Back", a breakthrough for Chinese animation. This film, based on the timeless 37 "Journey to the Wes/", signaled a new era of creativity and success in the industry. The main character, the Monkey King, is depicted(刻画)as going through a mid-life crisis, which 38 the director's view that cartoons are not just for children.Light Chaser Animation, a Beijing-based studio, has contributed to the popularity of cartoons in China. Its production "30,000 Miles from Chang' an" 39 elements of Chinese culture, history, and legends with aesthetic(美学的)feeling of Tang dynasty poetry. Indeed, traditional themes are widespread among successful Chinese animations, 40 the importance of traditional culture as a foundation for Chinese animation. Like other industries, cartoons in China are inspired by Western innovations but with added "Chinese characteristics". III. Reading ComprchensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.In a bustling city in Arizona stood a high school where most of the students live in poverty. Among them were four sons of Mexican immigrants, Juan, Oscar, Luis, and Alfredo. These boys, coming from 41 backgrounds, often found themselves overlooked and underestimated. Bonded by fate and friendship, they shared a common passion for 42 . Two science teachers there decided to enter their high school into a complicated43 robotics competition sponsored by the NASA and the Naval Research. Excited for the news, these four boys signed up for the competition.With enthusiasm and energy, they started calling mechanical engineers for design help. They were 44that these kinds of robots require glass syntactic flotation foam, a type of floating material used in various marine applications. 45 money, all they could afford was some PVC pipes and duct tape(强力胶布). 46 , they searched the city for various spare parts, gathering whatever they could to bring their vision to life. With the teachers' guidance and encouragement, they 47 together a robot with no more than metal and wires.As they worked on their robot, the boys also faced personal challenges. Juan struggled with the weight of family responsibilities; Oscar 48 a deep-seated fear of failure; Luis's heart ached from the constant peers' mockery(嘲笑)for his 49 accent, and Alfredo longed for acceptance and belonging. 50 these obstacles, they persevered, leaning on each other for support and inspiration.After a few test runs of their robot, they piled into a second-hand van to head to the competition. Uponentering the main pool area, they noticed the college teams wearing matching outfits, with robots sponsored by big companies. Feeling a bit nervous, the boys put the robot in the water for a test run. 51 , the PVC didn't hold up, causing the robot to leak and sink.However, instead of letting this 52 ruin their spirits, the boys put their heads together and came up with a brilliant solution. 12 hours later, armed with 8 super-absorbent pads to plug the leak, the robot was 53 into the pool again. This time, their robot performed admirably. Gliding gracefully through the waters, it navigated the course with precision and speed, 54 the judges and audience alike. This underwater robot, a symbol of their determination and 55 , conquered the waters, defeated engineering powerhouse MIT and ranked first in the country. This was not just a win for those four but a victory for every underdog with a dream.41. A. academic B. relevant C. humble D. professional42. A. space B. mechanics C. research D. ocean43. A. giant B. industrial C. underwater D. local44. A. advised B. forced C. challenged D. consulted45. A. Reliant on B. Available to C. Short of D. Desperate for46. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. However47. A. tied B. pieced C. added D. wrapped48. A. conquered B. created C. expressed D. battled49. A. perfect B. strange C. slight D. elegant50. A. With B. Given C. Despite D. Besides51. A. Unfortunately B. Basically C. Actually D. Consequently52. A. disagreement B. failure C. conflict D. progress53. A. scaled B. lowered C. inserted D. fed54. A. boring B. confusing C. wowing D. motivating55. A. bravery B. generosity C. confidence D. perseverance Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Among my oldest friends, I'm known as the mysterious one, the guy who rarely shows up, is always there not here. I had high school buddies, and I loved them all dearly though we boys didn't say such things back then. Then life happened. Most of us left our hometown. Meet-ups become rare occasions.One of those old friends, whom I had not seen since our high school graduation, reached out recently to say he'd be near where I am, and hoped we could meet up. He'd done the same thing about 10 years ago, and I'd begged off for some stupid reason related to my shyness, or rather, my introverted nature. I'm older and a bit wiser now, and I've been packing around some guilt over that missed opportunity for 10 years, so I agreed readily.We met for dinner, perhaps two hours, and rarely had I felt at case with other humans as I did with him. We talked and talked. About who we were then. Who we are now. And what made us the jerks( 混蛋)we were then.We acknowledged that if not for each other, and the circles of good people we ran with back then, the good friends who kept us reasonably on track and in check, life could have easily gone south for either of us. Each of us recalled things the other had no memory of. Fragments of memories, scattered yet precious. We know we were tight then, and we value that friendship and shared experience still today.People are fundamentally social beings and enjoy connecting with others. Maintaining social connections is good for our mental and physical health. However, despite the importance and enjoyment of social connection, people significantly underestimate how much others will appreciate being reached out to.There's something about the friends you make in youth that's near impossible to recreate with friends you make later in life. I'm telling you this to remind you that your old friends would love to hear from you, maybe a simple text, a little hello, maybe even a phone call or a meetup.56. The author refused the meet-up about 10 years ago probably because ______.A. he was not a sociable man.B. he was not clever enough.C. he lived far away from his friends.D. he felt guilty about his friends.57. Which of the following best describes the author's feeling during the dinner?A. Anxious and nervous.B. Excited and energetic.C. Comfortable and relaxed.D. Sad and regretful.58. What does the author imply by saying "life could have easily gone south for either of us"?A. They could have easily been off the track in life.B. They might have settled down in the southern region.C. Their friendship could have easily turned sour.D. They could have faced financial difficulties.59. What is the main purpose of the article?A. To describe the author's re union with an old friend.B. To reflect on the value of friendships formed in youth.C. To encourage readers to reach out to their old friends.D. To discuss the importance of social connections.(B)60. As a student who is fond of sports, where is Jane most likely to visit during the summer vacation?A. GeorgiaB. KyotoC. AlgeriaD. Paris61. What can we infer from the passage?A. Everyone can enter for the Marathon Games in the summer of 2024.B. Kyoto features the peaceful daytime and energetic nightlife.C. Visitors worldwide can enjoy skiing in Georgia all year round.D. Rock carvings in Algeria werc created by artists to attract tourists.62. What is the main idea of the passage?A. It presents attractions in different regions of the world.B. It shows the beauty of rural landscapes around the world.C. It lists the most popular places of interest in the world.D. It discovers the hidden treasures in western cultures.(C)With its bright colors, easy-to-learn rules and familiar music, the video game Tetris has endured as a pop culture symbol over the past 40 years. Many people, like me, have been playing the game for decades, and it hasbeen updated to adapt to new technologies like game systems, phones and tablets.However, Tetris is much more than winning. The game, in which players must control blocks of different shapes as they slide down a screen, is based on a fundamental element of geometry, called dynamic spatial reasoning(动态空间推理). It is taught by mathematics educators and used by architects, engineers, animators, and many others. Players employ these geometric skills to progress in Tetris, so playing it both tests and improves a player's dynamic spatial reasoning.Spatial reasoning is the ability to visualize geometric figures and how they will move in space. So, dynamic spatial reasoning is the ability to visualize actively moving figures. The Tetris player must quickly decide where the falling game piece will best fit and then move it there. This movement involves both translation — moving a shape right and left, and rotation —turning its shape by 90 degrees at a time.Spatial visualization is a key element of a mathematics discipline called transformation al geometry, which is usually first taught in middle school. In a typical transformational geometry exercise, students might be asked to represent a figure by its x and y coordinates(坐标)on a coordinate graph and then identify the transformations, such as translation and rotations, necessary to move it from one position to another while keeping the piece the same shape and size.While it may seem simple, transformation al geometry is the foundation for several advanced topics in mathematics. Architects and engineers both use transformations to draw up blueprints, which represent the real world in scale drawings. Animators use concepts of transformations as well. While animators today use computer programs that automatically move figures around, they are all based on this kind of transformation.63. Which is NOT a key reason for Tetris's lasting popularity?A. Its pleasure of winning the game.B. Its bright colors and catchy music.C. Its link to complex math and geometry.D. Its simple rules and tech adaptability.64. According to the passage, what fundamental skill docs playing Tetris help improve?A. Logical reasoning.B. Mathematical calculation.C. Memory maintaining.D. Spatial visualization.65. Move the sample block on the right using both translation and rotation. Which image below can we get?A.(a)B.(b)C.(c)D.(d)66. Which of the following statements does the author most probably agree with?A. Tetris is a particularly useful tool for animation and architecture designs.B. Spatial visualization is based on the constant change of a figure's position.C. Transformation al geometry behind Tetris can be applied to various fields.D. Spatial reasoning is too difficult for middle school students to master.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper se ntence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Large roofs can, hence, collect greater amount of water.B. Rainwater can also be used for fountains and ponds.C. We all deeply depend on the nourishment of rain.D. To secure future water supply, we need new sources.E. Now, many people are returning to this practice.F. Rainwater is clean but it gets dirty from the roof.Rain CollectionWhat do you like to do on a rainy day —si t inside and listen to the pitter-patter on the roof or splash outside and feel the cold drops on your face? Whatever you choose, rain is vitally essential in the nature.67 It fills rivers and lakes, slowly sinks into the earth, nourishes our plants, and keeps the land alive and beautiful. In the past, people obtained their water from rain, wells, or nearby rivers. Now, many of us live in places where water is piped in, sometimes from far away. Removing so much water from nature and sending it to great distances harm the living things that also need that water.As climate change heats up the planet and causes extreme weather, more places face water shortages.68 . One easy place to look for more water is the sky!Humans have collected rain since ancient times. 69 . They are tapping into this clean and rich source of water provided by nature. By harvesting the rain we can reduce the amount of water we take from rivers and out of the ground.Even in dry climates, there is a lot of potential rainwater that can be effectively harvested and utilized. This rich yet often overlooked resource has the potential to significantly contribute to water conservation efforts, especially in regions facing water shortages. Just one inch of rain falling on a medium-sized house produces over 600 gallons of water. 70 .Nowadays, rainwater is still used as a primary supply in many places in the world, like Vietnam and Hawaii. In places with piped-in water, rainwater is not commonly used, but this is changing. Rainwater harvesting is getting more popular since it's easy to do and helps create water security.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.71.Complaining: The Happiness KillerIn 15th-century Germany, there was an expression: Greiner, Zanner, which can be translated as "a chronic(长期的)complainer." Are you a bit of a Greiner, Zanner? If so, you're not alone. Survey data show that customers today are more than twice as likely to complain about a product or service as they were in 1976. A U. K.-based survey also observed a rise in job dissatisfaction over a two-year period before autumn 2022.Complaints can be grouped into different categories. As is reported, 45 percent of complaints concern the behavior of others. For instance, parents repeatedly criticize their children for small issues like messy bedrooms or dirty clothes. Another 29 percent focus on personal discomfort. A common complaint in this category might be about feeling too hot in a room without air conditioner. The remaining 26 percent involve unpleasant obligations like unnecessary work meetings people are forced to attend.The problem with all of these complaints is that it can feel helpful—but it typically isn't . Although complaining might offer temporary relief, it's bad for your happiness in the long run. Researchers who measured people's mood before and after they complained found that those complainers' mood was significantly worsening. Besides, complaining can also lower the happiness of the people around you. In some relationships, the negative effect can pass like a virus to those exposed. In other words, when people see others' complaints expressing anger, disgust and sadness, they can, in turn, feel similar emotions.As the 20th-century Bulgarian philosopher Archimandrite Seraphim Aleksiev observed, "Complaining is like the winter frost which, when it falls, destroys all the labors of the gardeners."V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.我们都乐于和真诚的人分享生活中的点点滴滴。

2016年上海市奉贤区高考数学二模试卷(理科)含答案解析

2016年上海市奉贤区高考数学二模试卷(理科)含答案解析

2016年上海市奉贤区高考数学二模试卷(理科)一.填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接写结果,1-14题每个空格填对得4分)1.若i(bi+1)是纯虚数,i是虚数单位,则实数b=______.2.函数y=的定义域是______.3.在△ABC中,||=2,||=3,•<0,且△ABC的面积为,则∠BAC=______.4.双曲线4x2﹣y2=1的一条渐近线与直线tx+y+1=0垂直,则t=______.5.已知抛物线y2=4x上一点M(x0,2),则点M到抛物线焦点的距离为______.6.无穷等比数列首项为1,公比为q(q>0)的等边数列前n项和为S n,则S n=2,则q=______.7.在一个水平放置的底面半径为cm的圆柱形量杯中装有适量的水,现放入一个半径为Rcm的实心铁球,球完全浸没于水中且无水溢出,若水面高度恰好上升Rcm,则R=______cm.8.从4名男生和3名女生中选出4人参加某个座谈会,若这4人中必须既有男生又有女生,则不同的选法种数共有______.(用数字作答)9.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,将点A(2,1)绕原点O逆时针旋转到点B,若直线OB 的倾斜角为α,则cosα的值为______.10.已知函数f(x)=2x﹣a•2﹣x的反函数是f﹣1(x),f﹣1(x)在定义域上是奇函数,则正实数a=______.11.把极坐标方程ρ=sinθ+cosθ化成直角坐标标准方程是______.12.在(x++1)6展开式中的常数项是______(用数值作答)13.在棱长为1的正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,若点P是棱上一点,则满足|PA|+|PC1|=2的点P的个数为______.14.若数列{a n}前n项和S n满足S n+S n=2n2+1(n≥2,n∈N+),且满足a1=x,{a n}单调﹣1递增,则x的取值范围是______.二.选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15.平面α的斜线与平面α所成的角是35°,则与平面α内所有不过斜足的直线所成的角的范围是()A.(0°,35°]B.(0°,90°]C.[35°,90°)D.[35°,90°]16.已知log2x,log2y,2成等差数列,则M(x,y)的轨迹的图象为()A.B.C.D.17.设,那么以|z1|为直径的圆的面积为()A.πB.4πC.8πD.16π18.方程9x+|3x+b|=5(b∈R)有两个负实数解,则b的取值范囤为()A.(3,5) B.(﹣5.25,﹣5)C.[﹣5.25,﹣5)D.前三个都不正确三.解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(13分)(2016•奉贤区一模)平面外ABC的一点P,AP、AB、AC两两互相垂直,过AC的中点D做ED⊥面ABC,且ED=1,PA=2,AC=2,连接BP,BE,多面体B﹣PADE的体积是;(1)画出面PBE与面ABC的交线,说明理由;(2)求面PBE与面ABC所成的锐二面角的大小.20.(13分)(2016•奉贤区一模)已知椭圆C:=1(a>b>0)的长轴长是短轴长的两倍,焦距为2.(1)求椭圆C的标准方程;(2)不过原点O的直线l与椭圆C交于两点M,N,且直线OM,MN,ON的斜率依次成等比数列,问:直线l是否定向的,请说明理由.21.(14分)(2016•奉贤区一模)如图所示,A,B是两个垃圾中转站,B在A的正东方向16千米处,AB的南面为居民生活区,为了妥善处理生活垃圾,政府决定在AB的背面建一个垃圾发电厂P,垃圾发电厂P的选址拟满足以下两个要求(A,B,P可看成三个点):①垃圾发电厂到两个中转站的距离与它们每天集中的生活垃圾量成反比,比例系数相同;②垃圾发电厂应尽量远离居民区(这里参考的指标是点P到直线AB的距离要尽可能大),现估测得A,B两个中转站每天集中的生活垃圾量分别约为30吨和50吨,设|PA|=5x>0.(1)求cos∠PAB(用x的表达式表示)(2)问垃圾发电厂该如何选址才能同时满足上述要求?22.(16分)(2016•奉贤区一模)(1)已知0<x1<x2,求证:;(2)已知f(x)=lg(x+1)﹣log3x,求证:f(x)在定义域内是单调递减函数;(3)在(2)的条件下,求集合M={n|f(n2﹣214n﹣1998)≥0,n∈Z}的子集个数.23.(18分)(2016•奉贤区一模)数列{a n},{b n}满足,a1>0,b1>0;(1)求证:{a n•b n}是常数列;(2)若{a n}是递减数列,求a1与b1的关系;(3)设a1=4,b1=1,当n≥2时,求a n的取值范围.2016年上海市奉贤区高考数学二模试卷(理科)参考答案与试题解析一.填空题(本大题满分56分)本大题共有14题,考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接写结果,1-14题每个空格填对得4分)1.若i(bi+1)是纯虚数,i是虚数单位,则实数b=0.【考点】复数的基本概念.【分析】由i(bi+1)=﹣b+i,又i(bi+1)是纯虚数,即可得到实部等于0,则b可求.【解答】解:i(bi+1)=﹣b+i,又i(bi+1)是纯虚数,则﹣b=0,即b=0.故答案为:0.【点评】本题考查了复数代数形式的乘除运算,考查了复数的基本概念,是基础题.2.函数y=的定义域是[0,+∞).【考点】函数的定义域及其求法.【分析】根据二次根式的性质,被开方数大于等于0,可知:2n﹣1≥0,解得n的范围即可.【解答】解:根据题意得:2n﹣1≥0,解得:n≥0.∴函数y=的定义域是[0,+∞).故答案为:[0,+∞).【点评】本题考查的是函数自变量取值范围的求法.注意偶次开方一定非负.3.在△ABC中,||=2,||=3,•<0,且△ABC的面积为,则∠BAC=150°.【考点】平面向量数量积的运算.【分析】由题意可得∠BAC 为钝角,再由×2×3×sin∠BAC=,解得sin∠BAC=,从而得到∠BAC的值.【解答】解:∵在△ABC中,||=2,||=3,且△ABC的面积为,∴=,即,解得sin∠BAC=,又•<0,∴,∴∠BAC=150°.故答案为:150°.【点评】本题主要考查两个向量的数量积的定义及三角形的面积公式,考查已知三角函数值求角的大小,是基础题.4.双曲线4x2﹣y2=1的一条渐近线与直线tx+y+1=0垂直,则t=±.【考点】双曲线的简单性质.【分析】求得双曲线的渐近线方程,直线tx+y+1=0的斜率为﹣t,运用两直线垂直的条件:斜率之积为﹣1,计算即可得到所求值.【解答】解:双曲线4x2﹣y2=1即为﹣y2=1,可得渐近线为y=±2x,直线tx+y+1=0的斜率为﹣t,而渐近线的斜率为±2,由两直线垂直的条件:斜率之积为﹣1,可得﹣t=±,即有t=±.故答案为:±.【点评】本题考查双曲线的渐近线方程的运用,考查两直线垂直的条件:斜率之积为﹣1,考查运算能力,属于基础题.5.已知抛物线y2=4x上一点M(x0,2),则点M到抛物线焦点的距离为4.【考点】抛物线的简单性质.【分析】把点M (x 0,2)代入抛物线方程,解得x 0.利用抛物线的定义可得:点M 到抛物线焦点的距离=x 0+1.【解答】解:把点M (x 0,2)代入抛物线方程可得:=4x 0,解得x 0=3.∴点M 到抛物线焦点的距离=x 0+1=4. 故答案为:4.【点评】本题考查了抛物线的定义标准方程及其性质,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.6.无穷等比数列首项为1,公比为q (q >0)的等边数列前n 项和为S n ,则S n =2,则q=.【考点】等比数列的通项公式.【分析】由无穷递缩等比数列的各项和可得=2,解方程可得.【解答】解:∵无穷等比数列首项为1,公比为q (q >0)的等边数列前n 项和为S n ,且S n =2,∴=2,解得q=,故答案为:.【点评】本题考查等比数列的通项公式和无穷递缩等比数列的各项和,属基础题.7.在一个水平放置的底面半径为cm 的圆柱形量杯中装有适量的水,现放入一个半径为Rcm 的实心铁球,球完全浸没于水中且无水溢出,若水面高度恰好上升Rcm ,则R= cm .【考点】球的体积和表面积;棱柱、棱锥、棱台的体积.【分析】求出球的体积等于水面高度恰好上升Rcm 的体积,即可求出R 的值.【解答】解:在一个水平放置的底面半径为cm 的圆柱形量杯中装有适量的水,现放入一个半径为Rcm 的实心铁球,球完全浸没于水中且无水溢出,若水面高度恰好上升Rcm ,所以,,所以R=(cm );故答案为:.【点评】本题是基础题,考查球的体积,圆柱的体积的求法,考查计算能力.8.从4名男生和3名女生中选出4人参加某个座谈会,若这4人中必须既有男生又有女生,则不同的选法种数共有34.(用数字作答)【考点】组合及组合数公式;排列、组合的实际应用.【分析】根据题意,选用排除法;分3步,①计算从7人中,任取4人参加某个座谈会的选法,②计算选出的全部为男生或女生的情况数目,③由事件间的关系,计算可得答案.【解答】解:分3步来计算,①从7人中,任取4人参加某个座谈会,分析可得,这是组合问题,共C74=35种情况;②选出的4人都为男生时,有1种情况,因女生只有3人,故不会都是女生,③根据排除法,可得符合题意的选法共35﹣1=34种;故答案为34.【点评】本题考查组合数公式的运用,解本题采用排除法较为简单.9.在平面直角坐标系xOy中,将点A(2,1)绕原点O逆时针旋转到点B,若直线OB的倾斜角为α,则cosα的值为.【考点】直线的倾斜角.【分析】设直线OA的倾斜角为θ,则tanθ=,tanα==,cosα=.【解答】解:设直线OA的倾斜角为θ,则tanθ=,则tanα====3,∴cosα===.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查了直线的倾斜角与斜率的关系、三角函数求值,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.10.已知函数f(x)=2x﹣a•2﹣x的反函数是f﹣1(x),f﹣1(x)在定义域上是奇函数,则正实数a=1.【考点】反函数.【分析】f﹣1(x)在定义域上是奇函数,可得:原函数f(x)在定义域上也是奇函数,利用f(0)=0即可得出.【解答】解:∵f﹣1(x)在定义域上是奇函数,∴原函数f(x)在定义域上也是奇函数,∴f(0)=1﹣a=0,解得a=1,∴f(x)=,经过验证函数f(x)是奇函数.故答案为:1.【点评】本题考查了反函数的性质,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.11.把极坐标方程ρ=sinθ+cosθ化成直角坐标标准方程是(x﹣)2+(y﹣)2=.【考点】简单曲线的极坐标方程;点的极坐标和直角坐标的互化.【分析】先在极坐标方程ρ=sinθ+cosθ的两边同乘以ρ,再利用直角坐标与极坐标间的关系,即利用ρcosθ=x,ρsinθ=y,ρ2=x2+y2,进行代换即得.【解答】解:∵ρ=sinθ+cosθ,∴ρ2=ρsinθ+ρcosθ,∴x2+y2=y+x,即x2+y2﹣x﹣y=0.即(x﹣)2+(y﹣)2=.故答案为:(x﹣)2+(y﹣)2=.【点评】本题考查点的极坐标和直角坐标的互化,能在极坐标系中用极坐标刻画点的位置,体会在极坐标系和平面直角坐标系中刻画点的位置的区别,能进行极坐标和直角坐标的互化.12.在(x++1)6展开式中的常数项是581(用数值作答)【考点】二项式系数的性质.=,(r=0,1,…,6),令的展开式的通项公式【分析】T r+1==2k x r﹣2k,令r﹣2k=0,对k,r分类讨论即可得出.T′k+1=,(r=0,1,…,6),【解答】解:T r+1==2k x r﹣2k,令的展开式的通项公式T′k+1令r﹣2k=0,k=0,r=0时,可得:T1=1.k=1,r=2时,可得:T3=,T′2=,∴=60.k=2,r=4时,可得:T5=,T′3==24,∴×24=360.k=3,r=6时,可得:T7=,T′4==160,∴×160=160.∴(x++1)6展开式中的常数项是1+60+360+160=581.故答案为:581.【点评】本题考查了二项式定理的应用,考查了分类讨论方法、推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.13.在棱长为1的正方体ABCD﹣A1B1C1D1中,若点P是棱上一点,则满足|PA|+|PC1|=2的点P的个数为6.【考点】棱柱的结构特征.【分析】由题意可得点P是以2c=为焦距,以a=1为长半轴,为短半轴的椭圆与正方体与棱的交点,可求.【解答】解:∵正方体的棱长为1∴AC1=,∵|PA|+|PC1|=2,∴点P是以2c=为焦距,以a=1为长半轴,以为短半轴的椭圆,∵P在正方体的棱上,∴P应是椭圆与正方体与棱的交点,结合正方体的性质可知,满足条件的点应该在棱B1C1,C1D1,CC1,AA1,AB,AD上各有一点满足条件.故答案为:6.【点评】本题以正方体为载体,主要考查了椭圆定义的灵活应用,属于综合性试题.14.若数列{a n}前n项和S n满足S n﹣1+S n=2n2+1(n≥2,n∈N+),且满足a1=x,{a n}单调递增,则x的取值范围是(2,3).【考点】数列递推式.【分析】根据条件求出与a n的有关的关系式,利用条件,{a n}单调递增,建立条件,即可得到结论.【解答】解:由条件S n﹣1+S n=2n2+1(n≥2)得S n+S n+1=2(n+1)2+1,两式相减得a n+1+a n=4n+2,故a n+2+a n+1=4n+6,两式再相减得a n+2﹣a n=4,得{a n+2}是公差d=4的等差数列,由n=2得a1+a2+a1=9,a2=9﹣2x,从而a2n=4n+5﹣2x;n=3得a1+a2+a3+a1+a2=19,a3=1+2x,从而a2n+1=4n﹣3+2x,由条件得,解得2<x<3,故x的取值范围为(2,3),故答案为:(2,3).【点评】本题主要考查参数的取值范围的求解,根据条件求出与a n的有关的关系式是解决本题的关键,有一定的难度.二.选择题(本大题满分20分)本大题共有4题,每题有且只有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,选对得5分,否则一律得零分.15.平面α的斜线与平面α所成的角是35°,则与平面α内所有不过斜足的直线所成的角的范围是()A.(0°,35°]B.(0°,90°]C.[35°,90°)D.[35°,90°]【考点】直线与平面所成的角.【分析】做出斜线与射影所确定的平面,则当α内的直线与射影平行时.夹角最小为35°,当直线与射影垂直时,夹角最大为90°.【解答】解:设平面α的斜线的斜足为B,过斜线上A点做平面α的垂线,垂足为C,则∠ABC=35°,∴当α内的直线与BC平行时,直线与斜线所成的角为35°,当α内的直线与BC垂直时,则此直线与平面ABC垂直,∴直线与斜线所成的角为90°,故选:D.【点评】本题考查了线面角的定义,异面直线所成的角的计算,属于中档题.16.已知log2x,log2y,2成等差数列,则M(x,y)的轨迹的图象为()A.B.C.D.【考点】函数的图象.【分析】根据等差中项,得到2log2y=2+log2x,继而得到y2=4x,x>0,y>0,问题得以解决.【解答】解:∵log2x,log2y,2成等差数列,∴2log2y=2+log2x,∴y2=4x,x>0,y>0,∴M(x,y)的轨迹的图象为焦点为(1,0)的抛物线的一部分,x>0,y>0,故选:A.【点评】本题考查了等差中项和对数的运算性质,以及抛物线的问题,属于基础题.17.设,那么以|z1|为直径的圆的面积为()A.πB.4πC.8πD.16π【考点】复数求模.【分析】由已知可得: +4=0,解得=i,即可得出.【解答】解:∵,∴+4=0,解得==i,∴|z1|=|z2||1i|=4,∴以|z1|为直径的圆的面积为22π=4π.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了实系数一元二次方程的解法、复数的几何意义、圆的面积计算公式,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.18.方程9x+|3x+b|=5(b∈R)有两个负实数解,则b的取值范囤为()A.(3,5) B.(﹣5.25,﹣5)C.[﹣5.25,﹣5)D.前三个都不正确【考点】根的存在性及根的个数判断.【分析】化简9x+|3x+b|=5可得3x+b=5﹣9x或3x+b=﹣5+9x,从而讨论以确定方程的根的个数,从而解得.【解答】解:∵9x+|3x+b|=5,∴|3x+b|=5﹣9x,∴3x+b=5﹣9x或3x+b=﹣5+9x,①若3x+b=5﹣9x,则b=5﹣3x﹣9x,其在(﹣∞,0)上单调递减,故当b≤3时,无解,当3<b<5时,有一个解,当b≥5时,无解;②若3x+b=﹣5+9x,则b=﹣5﹣3x+9x=(3x﹣)2﹣,∵x∈(﹣∞,0)时,0<3x<1,∴当﹣<b<﹣5时,有两个不同解;当b=﹣时,有一个解;综上所述,b的取值范围为(﹣5.25,﹣5),故选B.【点评】本题考查了绝对值方程的解法与应用,属于中档题.三.解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(13分)(2016•奉贤区一模)平面外ABC的一点P,AP、AB、AC两两互相垂直,过AC的中点D做ED⊥面ABC,且ED=1,PA=2,AC=2,连接BP,BE,多面体B﹣PADE的体积是;(1)画出面PBE与面ABC的交线,说明理由;(2)求面PBE与面ABC所成的锐二面角的大小.【考点】二面角的平面角及求法.【分析】(1)延长PE交AC于F,可证F与C重合,故直线BC即为面PBE与面ABC的交线;(2)以A为原点,AB为x轴,AC为y轴,AP为z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量法能求出面PBE与面ABC所成的锐二面角的大小.【解答】解:(1)延长PE交AC于F,直线BC即为面PBE与面ABC的交线;理由如下:∵AP 、AB 、AC 两两互相垂直, ∴PA ⊥平面ABC , ∵DE ⊥平面ABC , ∴DE ∥PA ,∴=,∴F 与C 重合.∵C ∈PE ,C ∈AC ,PE ⊂平面PBE ,AC ⊂平面ABC , ∴C 是平面PBE 和平面ABC 的公共点, 又B 是平面PBE 和平面ABC 的公共点, ∴BC 是面PBE 与面ABC 的交线. (2)∵AP 、AB 、AC 两两互相垂直,∴AB ⊥平面PAC ,∴V B ﹣PADE =S 梯形ADEP •AB=(1+2)×1×AB=,解得AB=.以A 为原点,AB 为x 轴,AC 为y 轴,AP 为z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系,B (,0,0),P (0,0,2),E (0,1,1),=(,0,2),=(0,1,﹣1),设二面角PBE 的法向量=(x ,y ,z ),则,取y=1,得=(﹣,1,1),平面ABC 的法向量=(0,0,1),∴cos <>===,∴面PBE 与面ABC 所成的锐二面角的大小为arccos .【点评】本题考查了平面的性质,二面角的计算,属于中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意向量法的合理运用.20.(13分)(2016•奉贤区一模)已知椭圆C:=1(a>b>0)的长轴长是短轴长的两倍,焦距为2.(1)求椭圆C的标准方程;(2)不过原点O的直线l与椭圆C交于两点M,N,且直线OM,MN,ON的斜率依次成等比数列,问:直线l是否定向的,请说明理由.【考点】直线与圆锥曲线的综合问题;椭圆的标准方程.【分析】(1)由椭圆的长轴长是短轴长的两倍,焦距为2,列出方程组能求出椭圆C的标准方程.(2)由题意设直线l的方程为y=kx+m,(km≠0),联立,得(1+4k2)x2+4kmx+4(m2﹣1)=0,由此利用根的判别式、韦达定理、等比数列、椭圆性质,结合已知条件能求出直线l不定向.【解答】解:(1)∵椭圆C:=1(a>b>0)的长轴长是短轴长的两倍,焦距为2,∴,解得a=2,b=1,∴椭圆C的标准方程为.(2)由题意设直线l的方程为y=kx+m,(km≠0),联立,得(1+4k2)x2+4kmx+4(m2﹣1)=0,△=16(4k2﹣m2+1)>0,设M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),则,,∴y1y2=(kx1+m)(kx2+m)=,∵直线OM,MN,ON的斜率依次成等比数列,∴=k2,∴﹣+m2=0,∵m≠0,∴k2=,方向向量=(±2,1).∴直线l不定向.【点评】本题考查椭圆方程的求法,考查直线是否定向的判断与求法,是中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意根的判别式、韦达定理、等比数列、椭圆性质的合理运用.21.(14分)(2016•奉贤区一模)如图所示,A,B是两个垃圾中转站,B在A的正东方向16千米处,AB的南面为居民生活区,为了妥善处理生活垃圾,政府决定在AB的背面建一个垃圾发电厂P,垃圾发电厂P的选址拟满足以下两个要求(A,B,P可看成三个点):①垃圾发电厂到两个中转站的距离与它们每天集中的生活垃圾量成反比,比例系数相同;②垃圾发电厂应尽量远离居民区(这里参考的指标是点P到直线AB的距离要尽可能大),现估测得A,B两个中转站每天集中的生活垃圾量分别约为30吨和50吨,设|PA|=5x>0.(1)求cos∠PAB(用x的表达式表示)(2)问垃圾发电厂该如何选址才能同时满足上述要求?【考点】余弦定理的应用.【分析】(1)由条件可设PA=5x,PB=3x,运用余弦定理,即可得到cos∠PAB;(2)由同角的平方关系可得sin∠PAB,求得点P到直线AB的距离h=PAsin∠PAB,化简整理配方,由二次函数的最值的求法,即可得到所求最大值及PA,PB的值.【解答】解:(1)由条件①,得,∵PA=5x,∴PB=3x,则,可得;(2)由同角的平方关系可得,所以点P到直线AB的距离h=PAsin∠PAB,=,∵cos∠PAB≤1,∴,∴2≤x≤8,所以当x2=34,即时,h取得最大值15千米.即选址应满足千米,千米.【点评】本题考查解三角形的数学模型的解法,注意运用余弦定理和同角的平方关系和二次函数的最值的求法,考查化简整理的运算能力,属于中档题.22.(16分)(2016•奉贤区一模)(1)已知0<x1<x2,求证:;(2)已知f(x)=lg(x+1)﹣log3x,求证:f(x)在定义域内是单调递减函数;(3)在(2)的条件下,求集合M={n|f(n2﹣214n﹣1998)≥0,n∈Z}的子集个数.【考点】对数函数的图象与性质;子集与真子集.【分析】(1)使用分析法证明;(2)设0<x1<x2,利用(1)的结论和对数函数的性质化简f(x1)﹣f(x2)判断其符号,得出结论;(3)由(2)的结论及f(9)=0列出不等式组,解出n即可得出M中元素的个数.【解答】(1)证明:∵x2+1>0,x2>0,欲证:,只需证:x2(x1+1)>x1(x2+1),即证:x1x2+x2>x1x2+x1,只需证:x2>x1,显然x2>x1成立,∴.(2)解:f(x)的定义域为(0,+∞).设0<x1<x2,则f(x1)﹣f(x2)=lg(x1+1)﹣lg(x2+1)+log3x2﹣log3x1=lg+log3=lg﹣log.∵0<x1<x2,∴0<<<1,∴lg>log>log,∴f(x1)﹣f(x2)=lg﹣log>log﹣log=0.∴f(x1)>f(x2),∴f(x)在定义域(0,+∞)上是减函数.(3)解:由(2)知f(x)是定义在(0,+∞)上的减函数,且f(9)=0,∵f(n2﹣214n﹣1998)≥0,∴0<n 2﹣214n ﹣1998≤9. ∴13447<(n ﹣107)2≤13456.∵115<<116,=116,n ∈Z ,∴n ﹣107=116或n ﹣107=﹣116. ∴集合M 有两个元素. ∴集合M 有4个子集.【点评】本题考查了不等式的证明,对数函数的性质,函数单调性的应用,属于中档题.23.(18分)(2016•奉贤区一模)数列{a n },{b n }满足,a 1>0,b 1>0;(1)求证:{a n •b n }是常数列;(2)若{a n }是递减数列,求a 1与b 1的关系; (3)设a 1=4,b 1=1,当n ≥2时,求a n 的取值范围. 【考点】数列递推式.【分析】(1)由题意可知a n •b n =a n ﹣1•b n ﹣1=…=a 1•b 1,故问题得以证明; (2)根据{a n }是递减数列,得到(a 1﹣b 1)2>0,a n >b n ,得到a 1>b 1恒成立,(3)先判断a n +1>2,再根据a n +1﹣a n =,得到a n +1﹣a n <0,{a n }是递减数列,即可得到a n ﹣a 2<0,求出a n 的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)∵,∴2a n +1=a n +b n ,=,∴b n +1=,∴a n +1b n +1=a n •b n ,∴a n •b n =a n ﹣1•b n ﹣1=…=a 1•b 1,∴{a n •b n }是常数列;(2){a n }是递减数列,a n +1﹣a n <0,∵a 2﹣a 1=(a 1+b 1)﹣a 1=(b 1﹣a 1)<0∴a 1>b 1,∵a 3﹣a 2=(b 2﹣a 2)<0,∴a 2>b 2,∵(a 1+b 1)>,∴(a 1﹣b 1)2>0,猜想a n +1﹣a n =(b n ﹣a n )<0,∴a n >b n ,∴a 1>b 1恒成立,∵a k +2﹣a k +1=(b k +1﹣a k +1)==<0, ∴a 1>b 1时,{a n }是递减数列.(3)整理得a n +1=(a n +),a 1=4,∴a 2=,∴a 1>0⇒a 2>0⇒a 3>0⇒…⇒a n >0,当n ≥2时,a n +1﹣2=(a n +)﹣2=>0, ∴a n +1>2,∴a n +1﹣a n =(b n ﹣a n )==, ∵a n >2,∴a n +1﹣a n <0,∴{a n }是递减数列,∴a n ﹣a 2<0,∴a n∈(2,]【点评】本题考查了递推数列的,常数列,数列的函数特征,以及a n的取值范围,培养了学生的运算能力,转化能力,属于难题.。

2021年上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷

2021年上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷

2021年上海奉贤区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)1、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第21~30题10分(每题1分)Landslide Injures at least 10 in Norwegian Town of AskA landslide(山体滑坡)has smashed into a residential area near the Norwegian capital at midnight on Dec. 30, injuring at least 10 people, leaving 21 unaccounted forand1(destroy) several homes, authorities said. About 700 people have been brought to safety for fear of further landslides.The landslide cut across a road, leaving a deep gap that cars2not pass. Video footage showed dramatic scenes including one house falling into the gap. Photographs showed at least eight destroyed homes.Rescue workers continued to search the area for children andadults3(believe) to have been caught in mud and debris(废墟), police said. "We're still looking for survivors, " police spokesman Roger Pettersen told a news conference.Pettersen said there were no reports of missing people, but officials could not rule out thepossibility4there might be survivors in collapsed buildings. He said 21 people registered as living in the area are unaccounted for.One of the injured was seriously hurt, while nine had5(light) injuries. Weather at the time was reported to be challenging, with snowstorm sweeping the village ofAsk,6about 5, 000 people inhabited.Norway's King Harald said the landslide had made a deep impression on him. "My thoughts are with all those who are affected, injured or have lost their homes and those who now live in fear and uncertainty of7much damage the disaster has caused, "he said in a statement released by the royal palace.The area in which Ask8(locate) is known to have a lot of quick clay, which can change from solid to liquid form. Previous landslides have been reported in the region.Helicopters continued to circle over the area as night fell,9(lower) rescuers towards the debris of collapsed houses."There could be people trapped …but at the same time we can't besure10it is the new year's holiday, which means people could be elsewhere, " Erna Solberg, the Norwegian Prime Minister, told reporters after visiting the site.二、选词填空(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)2、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第31~40题10分(每题1分)Why Dutch Officials Want You to Forget the Country of HollandThe Dutch nation has long been dealing with its identity crisis. For decades, the government used "Holland" and "the Netherlands"1to describe the country known for its iconic canals, tulip(郁金香)fields and windmills. But starting from Jan. 1, all official government communications and2materials will use the Netherlands as its name.The government has been working on a campaign that might3the country's image in the face of growing international competition for the past 18 months, said Ingrid de Beer, the head of the public diplomacy section in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. "Our international image faces some challenges, " she said. Research showed that many people do not know of the Netherlands or have4concepts of the country. Young people, particularly those in countries farther away, are unfamiliar with the country.The Kingdom of the Netherlands consists of 12 provinces, two of which—Noord (North) Holland and Zuid (South) Holland—make up Holland. Amsterdam, which5about 19 million travellers annually, and Keukenhof, one of the world's largest flower gardens and a popular attraction, are both in the Holland region.The country's tourism board,6to handle millions of tourists, stopped promoting its most famous attractions in favor of trying to encourage travellers to go to lesser—known destinations, according to a 2019 report. By 2030, the report predicted, the Netherlands couldsee7of up to 42 million tourists—an enormous number for a country of 17 million.The region of Holland has8contributed the most to the country's economy and wealth, resulting in its name commonly being used to indicate the entire country.But not anymore, the Dutch government insists. "We are fully aware that internationally, a strong image of the Netherlands contributes to achieving political objectives, promoting trade, attracting talent, investment and tourists and encouraging cultural and scientific9, " Ms. de Beer said.Part of the campaign includes an updated logo, a "NL"10to look like an orange tulip, according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The logo replaces the "Holland tulip, " which was created by the tourism board 25 years ago and used to promote the country.三、完形填空(本大题共15小题,每小题1分,共15分)3、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第41~55题15分(每题1分)As consumers, we are very wasteful. Annually, the world generates 1.3 billion tons of solid waste. This is expected to go up to 2.2 billion by 2025. The developed countriesare1for 44% of waste, and in the U.S. alone, the average person throws away their body weight in rubbish every month.Traditional wisdom would seem to suggest that companies have no interestin2the life cycle of their products and reduce the revenue(营收)they would get from selling new goods.3, more and more businesses are thinking about how to reduce consumer waste. This is4driven by the rising price of raw materials and metals. Also, both consumers and companies becoming more aware of the need to protect our environment is another force that contributes.When choosing what products to buy and which brands to buy from, more and more consumers are looking into sustainability, which is5just price and performance they were concerned about in the past. In a survey of 54 of the world's leading brands, almost all of them reported that consumers are showing increasing care about environmental lifestyles. At the same time, surveys on consumers in the U.S. and the U.K. show that they also care about6energy use and reducing waste.7, consumers control what happens to a product. But some companies are starting to realize that placing the burden of recycling entirely on the consumer is not an effective strategy, especially when8something seems like the easiest and most convenient option.Some retailers and manufacturers in the clothing, footwear, and electronics industries have launched9programs. They want to make their customers interestedin10their products and preventing things that still have value from going to the landfill. By offering services to help expand the longevity of their products, they're promising quality and11to consumers, and receiving the12gains for being environmentally friendly and socially responsible.Enormous opportunities also13e-waste. It is estimated that in 2014 the world produced some 42 million metric tons of e-waste (discarded electrical and electronic equipment and its parts) with North America and Europe accounting for 8 and 12 million metrictons14. The materials from e-waste include iron, copper, gold, silver, and aluminum-materials that could be reused, resold, recovered, or recycled. Together, the value of these metals is estimated to be about $52 billion. Electronics giants like BestBuy and Samsung have provided e-waste15programs over the past few years, which aim to refurbish(翻新)old electronic components and parts into new products.A. forgivableB. accountableC. tolerableD. remarkableA. alteringB. lengtheningC. obeyingD. upsettingA. ThereforeB. SomehowC. YetD. OtherwiseA. partlyB. barelyC. preciselyD. exclusivelyA. bridged withB. subjected toC. opposed toD. associated withA. minimizingB. maintainingC. stimulatingD. desertingA. On the contraryB. Above allC. For exampleD. In most casesA. modifyingB. wreckingC. dumpingD. restoringA. sustainableB. compulsoryC. economicD. educationalA. insuringB. substitutingC. concealingD. preservingA. accessibilityB. productivityC. affordabilityD. durabilityA. profitableB. emotionalC. predictableD. reputationalA. lie inB. stand forC. consist ofD. result inA. respectivelyB. dramaticallyC. evenlyD. thoroughlyA. take-backB. give-awayC. clean-upD. cut-down四、阅读理解(本大题共11小题,每小题2分,共22分)4、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第56~59题8分(每题2分)Not long after Tony Berlin began working at the state driver's license facility in Niles in 1985, he noticed that some truck drivers who should have failed their exams mysteriously passed them. For six years, starting in 1992, he collected evidence to show why: He believed truck drivers were bribing stateworkers to get licenses. In another turn of the screw, the workers were using those bribes to buy tickets to the then secretary of state George Ryan's fundraisers, including for his successful bid for governor. Berlin tried to expose the corruption(腐败)—he went to the FBI and the upper ranks of the secretary of state's office—but was repeatedly met with indifference. Then he began to suspect that the truck driver in a 1994 accident that killed six children, all from the same family, got his license through the scheme. In a moment that changed everything, Berlin reached out to the Reverend Scott Willis, the children's father.It was his call to Willis that connected the crash to what would become known as the licenses-for-bribes scandal(丑闻). "Berlin's the one who started it all," says the Willises' lawyer. A few months after that phone call, the U.S. attorney's office initiated Operation Safe Road, an ongoing federal investigation that by the end of November had disclosed 34 offenses.The investigation ultimately netted 75 offenses, including that of Dean Bauer, Ryan's inspector general. He pleaded guilty in 2001 to obstructing(妨碍)justice and was sentenced to 12 months in prison. But the biggest catch was Ryan himself, who was sentenced in 2006 to six and a half years for fraud and blackmailing. As for Berlin, he continued to work at state license facilities, in Streator and Pontiac, choosing to stay out of the public eye.(1) What initially caused Tony Berlin to investigate the licenses-for-bribes scandal?A. Truck drivers' bribing state workers.B. Truck drivers' licenses being granted too freely.C. His working at the state driver's license facility.D. The truck driver's killing six children in a 1994 accident.(2) According to Tony Berlin, the bribes ultimately ran into.A. buying driving licensesB. George Ryan's fundraisingC. covering the loss of the WillisesD. supporting the federal investigation(3) Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tony's calling Willis was a turning point in the whole bribing case.B. Tony Berlin became a household name after the exposure of the scandal.C. The FBI failed to take serious action the first time Berlin asked for investigation.D. George Ryan, the biggest criminal behind the scene, was sentenced to years in jail.(4) According to the passage, which of the following can best describe Tony Berlin?A. Perseverant, dutiful and fame-thirsty.B. Strong-willed, cooperative and sociable.C. Responsible, aggressive and merciless.D. Determined, right-minded and courageous.5、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第60~62题6分(每题2分)(1) Passengers are entitled to their money back on.A. anytime tickets completely free of chargeB. off-Peak tickets with no restrictionsC. advance tickets for their train not runningD. super Off-Peaks that went invalid for half a year(2) A Season ticket holds more refundable value only when.A. train companies refuse to calculate the value that is left on itB. you formally apply to cease using the ticket and hand it backC. you use the Season Ticket Refund Calculator on the websiteD. the proof is given that you were unable to travel due to illness(3) We can learn from the passage that.A. advance tickets purchased after Jan. 4th can also be rescheduledB. passengers with a fixed timetable are advised to buy Anytime ticketsC. safer approaches to refund have been introduced to limit physical contactD. service from another train company is not available if your train get cancelled6、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第63~66题8分(每题2分)The urgency and importance of Covid-19 over the past year have driven almost everything else from most leaders' minds. But since the vaccine is kicking in, Britain's government is once again beginning to think about the things that will matter later. Next week, it is expected to publish a "plan for growth" to boost productivity, with innovation at its centre.The world may be on the point of a technological boom with life sciences, at which Britain excels. Innovation is crucial to productivity, but on this front Britain's performance has lagged behind its competitors' in recent years. Its low spending on Research and Development(R&D)argues for a boost. Those who attributed the financial failure in the 1970s to the insufficiency of research funds may regard this as a threat to economic growth. Promoting innovation can quickly turn into an exercise in picking winners-or, as is more often the case, losers.A second danger is that policy agendas get mixed up. The government has promised to "level up" poorer areas of the country, so deprived towns are campaigning for more money for their universities. But trying to boost innovation by sending money to weak institutions is likely to make our leading universitieslose their advantages, thus producing average ideas that could have been remarkable. Britain's research-funding system has always been elitist(精英主义的). It should stay that way.The government's first move in boosting innovation was the announcement of a plan for an Advanced Research and Invention Agency (ARIA). ARIA's purpose is to fund high-risk, high-reward research. But money is not all that matters. The successful translation of life science research into treatments during the pandemic suggests some inexpensive measures that can also make a difference.One is to speed up governmental processes. The rapidity with which Britain's medical regulator moved during the pandemic is one reason why the vaccine rollout is racing through the population. Urgency is not unique to pandemics. Getting things done quickly can make an investment worthwhile and determine where a businessman chooses as a base.Another useful measure the government should use is its unique ability to overcome barriers. At the beginning of the pandemic, Covid-19 researchers were unable to gain access to different strands of health service data. The government eased restrictions on existing data and allowed researchers to ask people who had tested positive for Covid-19 to join trials. Both were crucial to the effort.A last principle is the value of connections between the government and the private sector. Kate Bingham, a venture capitalist who led the vaccine-purchase effort, understood how to deal with drug companies. Many of the civil servants working with her had commercial experience. The government's closeness to business during the pandemic has been criticized. But without it, the vaccine effort would not have succeeded.Innovation took human beings from caves to computers. Good education, a welcoming immigration policy and a friendly business environment will do most to tend it. But a few sensible principles can help keep the flame burning.(1) What does the underlined word "this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Investing insufficient money in innovation.B. Promoting innovation in technology.C. Applying science results to practical uses.D. Distributing funds to weak institutions.(2) What's the possible consequence of the British government's attempt to "level up" poorer areas?A. Britain's research-funding system will remain elitist.B. Weak institutions are more likely to produce remarkable results.C. The outstanding universities will be unable to exhibit remarkable ideas.D. Both poor and rich areas in the country will develop in a balanced way.(3) What can be inferred from the three principles put forward by the writer?A. A businessman is more willing to set up business where governments show high efficiency.B. The administrative abilities are so unique to the government that they actually yield little fruit.C. The government ceased the cooperation with private sectors for the criticism they had received.D. The rollout of the vaccine was made possible mainly because the public responded quickly.(4) What's the best title of the passage?A. How Governments Fuel the Sparks of InnovationB. Why the Brits Struggle in the Tech RaceC. How Governments Benefit from InnovationD. What People Gain with the Light of Technology五、信息匹配(本大题共4小题,每小题2分,共8分)7、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第67~70题8分(每题2分)China's Entering a New Era of AI They have beaten us at chess and co-written a Europop album with human beings. Now computers are taking a step into a very human territory: the reading comprehension test, a headache of schoolchildren everywhere. Alibaba on Monday said its artificial outperformed mortals(凡人)in a global reading comprehension.Luo Si, chef scientist of natural language processing at Alibaba's research department, the Institute of Data Science of Technologies, called the machines' victory "amilestone".1Some of these uses are already being handled by chatbots globally.In the test administered last week, companies subjected their artificial intelligence systems to questions from the Stanford Question Answering Dataset, which assessed readingcomprehension.2In top place were Microsoft, the US software giant, and Alibaba, the Chinese tech group that began with e-commerce and is—like its peers at home and abroad—investing more funds into AI.3Baidu made an early bet on AI, and is leading its rivals in autonomous driving, some of which was on show at Customer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Tencent, which boasts of 1 billion monthly active users on its social media WeChat app, and Alibaba have adopted AI in operations such as customizing news and ads, and are investing in new fields.China aims to make use of its vast treasures of data, collected from its 1.4 billion population including 730 million who are online, and deep pockets to overtake the US in creating a $150 billion industry that is seen as the next industrial revolution. Excitedly, AI is already being applied in many fields from driverless cars to text analysis.4The most asked ones include "Where's my package? ", especially on Alibaba's Single Day shopping festival.A. Though China's drive is led by government, it is cultivating homegrown tech giants to leap ahead of the US.B. Private investment in the AI sector has been expanding 62 percent a year on average for the past four years.C. The technology has many applications, from customer service to museum tutorials to medical inquiries.D. The computers' answers to the questions were compared against average human responses and ranked.E. For example, this technology has already been used to answer general questions on e-commerce platforms.F. Like all utilities, AI will be boring, even as it transforms the Internet, the global economy, and civilization.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共10分)8、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第71题10分Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.What You Will Need to Live to 100A new approach to retirement preparation known as "longevity planning" has been on the rise for years, with the global population of centenarians(百岁老人)steadily growing. In about 40 years, the number of people 100 and older will be six times as high as it is now. What, as you may wonder, enhances longevity? While a previous study underlined the link between longevity and higher education, having adegree doesn't necessarily guarantee you a longer life. Actually, the growth in the 100-plus age group are more likely to result from a combination of improved lifestyle factors.Genetic, as new research has revealed, is a force that cannot go ignored. Dr. Peris of medicine and geriatrics at Boston University points out that longevity is not distributed equally. Being blessed with the certain genetic component that extend your life span is like winning the lottery. Only one in 5000 is lucky enough to possess the magical power that help make it to the century mark. Rare as it may appear, the genetic component is a factor in 40 percent to 50 percent of people who make it to 100 and 70 percent for those reaching 106.Deliberate mental, social and physical activities during retirement also matter. That means continuing to learn new things, staying involved in the community and working to some degree. Activity is critically important, said Mitch Anthony, a consultant in Rochester, who trains financial planners in life planning. People tend to do best when they remain socially and mentally vibrant.The research continues to uncover that despite their struggle to identify how they improve longevity, most of the researchers agree that purpose and meaning throughout life provide people with better chances to live longer. These factors may offer a mental and possibly physical shelter from stressful events hi life. Having purpose in life may motivate reframing stressful situations to deal with them more productively, thereby facilitating recovery from stress and disorder.七、翻译(本大题共4小题,共15分)9、【来源】 2021年上海奉贤区高三二模第72题3分翻译爱运动的人不大可能有睡眠障碍。

2021届上海市奉贤区高三二模语文试卷及答案解析

2021届上海市奉贤区高三二模语文试卷及答案解析

绝密★启用前奉贤区高三语文质量调研注意事项:1、答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2、请将答案正确填写在答题卡上一、积累应用(10分)1.填空。

(1)_______________,不如登高之博见也。

(荀况《劝学》)(2)落木千山天远大,______________。

(黄庭坚《____________》)(3)杜甫《月夜》中,以细节描写凸显妻子思人时间之久的是“____________,___________。

”答案:(1).(1)吾尝跂而望矣(2).(2)澄江一道月分明(3).登快阁(4).(3)香雾云鬟湿(5).清辉玉臂寒解:本题考查学生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。

本题默写时要注意以下重点字词:“跂”“澄”“鬟”“清”等。

“落木千山天远大,澄江一道月分明”出自黄庭坚诗《登快阁》,要注意在记忆诗歌内容的同时,也要准确记忆诗歌题目。

2.班会课上,老师提醒同学们要注重知识的积累方能有所收获,以下诗句合适的是()A.不登高山,不知山之高B.流水不腐,户枢不蠹C.读书百遍,其义自见D.博观而约取,厚积而薄发答案:D解:本题考查学生语言表达得体的能力。

A.“不登高山,不知山之高”的意思是:不登上高山,就不知天多么高。

这句话是说,学问是无边无际的,要广博地进行学习。

B.“流水不腐,户枢不蠹”的意思是:动的水不会发臭,经常转动的门轴不会腐烂。

这句话用来比喻经常运动的东西不易受到侵蚀。

C.“读书百遍,其义自见”的意思是:读书上百遍,书意自然能领会。

这句话是强调要对知识进行反复地巩固,才能有所收获。

D.“博观而约取,厚积而薄发”的意思是:广博地读书,简约审慎地取用;深厚积累之后慢慢地释放出来。

这句话是强调学习时要注重积累知识。

故选D。

3.将下列编号的语句依次填入语段空白处,语意连贯的一项是()品牌价值之大,引无数企业竞折腰。

然而,品牌并不是艺术品,___________,也会步入暮年、后继无力,直至死亡。

①它更像是一个极具灵性的生命体②既有胎中的酝酿思考③也有成长的培养与投入④一经雕琢便可经久不衰⑤在经历过征伐市场的壮志高歌后A.①④②③⑤B.④①②③⑤C.①②③⑤④D.④⑤①②③答案:B解:本题考查学生语言表达之句子衔接排序的能力。

上海市奉贤区2020届高三英语二模调研试卷含答案

上海市奉贤区2020届高三英语二模调研试卷含答案

2019 学年奉贤区学科教学质量调研高三英语试卷(2020.05)(满分140分,考试时间120 分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.Supermarket. B.Tailor's shop. C.Department store. D.Convenience store.2. A.200 pounds. B.600 pounds. C .300 pounds. D.700 pounds.3. A.Call the ticket office later.B. Order the tickets online.C. Not to buy the ticket on the Internet.D. Order the tickets when it's not busy.4. A.Borrowing money from a business company.B. Lending some money to a student.C. Asking for some financial aid.D. Reading students' application.5. A.The bed is to blame for his not falling asleep.B. He can fall asleep if he stops drinking.C. He can drink more to fall asleep easily.D. Drinking is good for sleeping.6. A.He is satisfied with the content.B. He feels sorry for it.C. He thinks it is valueless.D. He thinks it is valuable.7. A.Professor Smith spoke Greek when he explained the maths problem.B. The woman still didn't understand the maths problem.C. Unfortunately,she didn't hear Professor Smith's explanation.D. Professor Smith didn't explain the problem clearly.8. A.Collect papers for the man.B. Do the typing once again.C. Check the paper for typing errors.D. Read the whole newspaper.9. A.Proceed in his own way.B. Stick to the original plan.C. Negotiate with his colleague.D. Try to change his colleague's mind.10. A.His project proved to be unsuccessful.B. He was unable to get sufficient money.C. Lack of land prevented his success.D. He was successful with his project.Section BDirections: In Section B,you will hear several longer conversation(s)and short passage(s),and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s)and the passage(s).The conversation(s)and the passage(s)will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk.11. A.To guide and help children's play.B. To give children an opportunity to play.C. To make children excited.D. To keep children company.12. A.It determines the standard a child can reach.B. It is the happiest period during one's life.C. It is the most important time to shape one's character.D. It is the best time for children to learn new things.13. A.The relationship between play and learning.B. The way to help children develop both physically and mentally.C. The importance of children's play.D. Different stages of children's development.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A.It tends to wander towards unpleasant experiences.B. It wanders for almost half of their waking time.C. It has trouble concentrating after a brain injury.D. It tends to be affected by their negative feelings.15. A.To find how happiness relates to daydreaming.B. To observe how one's mind affects one's behavior.C. To see why daydreaming impacts what one is doing.D. To study the relation between health and daydreaming.16. A.Participants with clear goals in mind outperformed those without clear goals.B. The difference in performance between the two groups was insignificant.C. Non-daydreamers were more confused on their tasks than daydreamers.D. Daydreamers did better than non-daydreamers in task performance. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A.Their average lifespan was less than 50 years.B. It was very common for them to have 12 children.C. They retired from work much earlier than today.D. They were quite optimistic about their future.18. A.Get ready for ecological changes.B. Adapt to the new environment.C. Learn to use new technology.D. Explore ways to stay young.19. A.When all women go out to work.B. When family planning is enforced.C. When a world government is set up.D. When all people become wealthier.20. A.Eliminate poverty and injustice.B. Migrate to other planets.C. Control the environment.D. Find inexhaustible resources.II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections :After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.Plants Scream in the Face of StressFor the first time,researchers appear to have evidence that like animals,those plants deprived of water or( 21) ________________ (force)to endure bodily harm can let out their pain.The study,(22) ________ has yet to be published in a scientific Journal,adds another dimension to scientists(23) ________ (grow)understanding of how plants detect and interact with their surroundings.In recent years,it has become very clear that plants are more sensitive than researchers(24) ______ (_ think).They respond when touched by insects and turn toward sources of light."Plants are not just robotic stimulus-response devices,"said Frantisek Baluska of the University of Bonn in Germany."They're living organisms which have their own problems."Actually making their suffering hearable,however,is another matter entirely.(25) (test)thatpossibility,a team led by Itzhak Khait,a plant scientist atTel Aviv University in Israel,placed microphones capable of detecting ultrasonic frequencies(超声波频率) four inches from tomato and tobacco plants.The researcher then either stopped watering them or cut their stems.Measuring in the range of 20 to 150 kilohertz(千赫),the researchers found that even happy,healthy plants made the occasional noise.But when cut,tobacco plantsemitted(26) ______ average of 15 sounds within an hour of being cut,(27) __________ tomato plants produced 25 sounds(. 28) _________ researchers aren't yet sure how plants produce these sounds,Khait and his colleagues proposed one possibility in their paper(29) as water travels through the plants' tubes,air bubbles will form and explode,producing small vibrations.All this"screaming"caused by stress wasn't in a range detectable by human ears.But organisms that can hear ultrasonic frequencies--like mice,bats or perhaps other plants-- (30) ______________ p ossibly hear the plants cries from as far away as 15 feet.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Italians find"Moments of Joy in this Moment of Anxiety"It started with the national anthem.Then came the piano chords,trumpet blasts,violin serenades小( 夜曲) and even the clanging of pots and pans--all of it(31) ___________ f rom people's homes,out of windows and from balconies,and resounding across rooftops.Finally,on Saturday afternoon,a nationwide(32) ________ of applause broke out for the doctors on the medical front lines fighting the spread of Europe's worst coronavirus outbreak.Italians remain(33) ________ under house arrest as the nation,the European front inthe global fight against the coronavirus,has ordered extraordinary restrictions on their movement to prevent infection.But the music and noise erupting over the streets,from people(34) __________ in theirhomes,reflects the spirit,resilience and humor of a nation facing its worst national emergency since the Second World War.To the extent that this is a virus that tries people's souls,it has also demonstrated the(35) ______________ o f those national characters.In China,patriotic truck drivers risked infection to bring(36) _________ n eeded food tothe people of Wuhan, the epicenter of the outbreak.In Iran,videos show doctors in full combat dress and masks dancing to keep(37) ___________________ up.And in Italy,the gestures of gratitude and music ring out above the country's empty streets,while social media feeds fill with(38) _________ ,sentimental and humorous web videos.Images of nurses collapsed from exhaustion or their faces bruised使( 受瘀伤) from tightly(39 _______ )masks have also spread across the web in recent days.Parents posted pictures of unicorns and rainbows drawn by young children with the title"It will all be OK.""We're Italians,and loving singing is part of our culture,"said Giorgio Albertini,51,an archaeology professor who clapped from his apartment balcony in the university district of Milan,calling it a way"to feel a community,and to have the(40) grief."III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections :For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Making choices is hard.That would be why researcher Moran Cerf has(41) ________ it from his life.As a rule,he always chooses the second menu item at a restaurant.This is(42) ______ by his research in neuroeconomics(神经经济学)( a somewhatnew,divisive field)at Northwestern University.As Business Insider describes,Cerf has extended his ideas--which draw on some controversial ideas in psychology,including ego depletion out--into a piece of advice that,to(43) _______________________ happiness,peoples hould"build alife that requires(44) ______ d ecisions by surrounding themselves with people who possesstraits they prefer.On an instinctive level,Cerf's idea(45) _________ :Many choices people make are the product of social pressures and the inputs of(46) _______ people around them.One exampleCerf furnishes is that,(47) ________ consistently ordering the second menu item,he neverpicks where to eat.Rather,he(48) _______ his decision to his dining partner--which friend he plans to eat with,probably one he trusts--and always lets them pick.While it's (49) _______ what, if any, scientific principles underlie those pieces ofadvice,there is no shortage of research showing that choices can sometimes feel more(50)_________________ t han liberating.An example from Quanta poits(假设):If you have aclear love of Snickers(士力架),choosing that over an Almond Joy(杏仁巧克力) or a Milky Way(牛奶巧克力) should be a(51) _________________ .And,as an experiment conducted byneuroscientist Paul Glimcher at NYU shows,most of the time it is,(52) __________________ you introduce more choices.When the participants were offered three candy bars(Snickers,Milky Way,and Almond Joy)they had no problem picking their favorite,but when they were given the option of one among 20,including Snickers,they would sometimes drift away from their(53)_____________________________________________ .When the choices were taken away in latertrials,the participants would wonder what caused them to make such a bad decision.As Quanta details,according to a model called"divisive normalization(分裂归一化),which has gained some popularity,the way the brain encodes choices has a lot todo with how it values all its options.So,if you have two things that are clearly(54) ,brain areas involved in decision-making fire in a pattern that makes thedecision clear.When the choices are comparable,the brain does its best to focus on the distinctions between the two,but more choices(55) _______ that ability out.41.A.relieved B.released C.eliminated D.liberated42.A.influenced B.inherited C.implemented rmed43.A.maximize B.balance C.cherish D.seek44.A.safer B.fewer C.better D.sounder45.A.stands out es into force C.makes sense D.plays a part46.A.distinguished B.trusted C.authorized D.honored47.A.in addition to B.instead of C.in spite of D.regardless of48.A.conveys B.relates C.submits D.limits49.A.evident B.unclear C.critical D.inevitable50.A.confusing B.inspiring C.worrying D.appealing51.A.stressor B.no-brainer C.challenge D.headache52.A.after B.before C.when D.until53.A.preference B.struggle C.status D.direction54.A.impressive B.insignificant C.unique D.distinct55.A.crowd B.figure C.sort D.putSection BDirections: Read the following three passages.Eachp assage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One spring day,once the flowers have begun to open, a bee will hover盘( 旋) and zip through your yard and dive-bomb your picnic table.While you're thinking about avoiding an attack,that bee is focused on something else entirely:me.A honeybee has about six weeks to live.Today,like most days,her task is to fly as many as three miles from home,stick her long,straw-like tongue into a hundred or so flowers.When the bee has had her fill,she'll fly home.There the bee will deposit what she has got into the mouthof one of her co-workers,who will relay it to another,and so on for about 20 minutes,until the mixture is ready to be placed into the comb.Then she and her 50,000 or so mates will hover in the dark all night every night,flapping their wings to create hot,breezy conditions to remove the water from the mixture.Several sunrises later,they will seal me off in a golden cell of beeswax.In her lifetime,our bee may visit 4,000 flowers,and yet will produce only one-twelfth of a tea spoon of me.The average American consumes nearly a pound and a half of me every year,in tea,on toast,and beyond.If I do say so myself,I am a timeless treasure.Literally--I never go bad.Unfortunately,my good health is not guaranteed.The problem lies in the growth of industrial agriculture and the use of pest control chemicals,as well as changes in weather patterns,all of which reduce the number of flowers bees have to visit.I'd appreciate your letting your own garden grow just a little wild.My future depends on all of us fostering spring and summers wild flowers,thus helping the bees,who give so much--to you,to me-- without ever asking for anything in return.56. What does"me ” refer to in the passage?A. The flower.B. The bee.C. Water.D. Honey,57. What is the 2nd paragraph mainly about?A. Bees' special talent.B. Bees' hard work.C. Bees' living environment.D. Bees' social behavior.58. Which one of the following is true according to the passage?A. A bee will always prioritize attacking picnic lovers.B. Before"me ” is sealed off in beeswax,the drying process can take a few nights.C. The lifework of a bee satisfies the average demand of an American consumer annually.D. Bees are more likely to visit those deliberately pest-controlled gardens.59. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To appeal for help for honeybees.B. To talk about the history of a treasure.C. To put forward techniques for gardeners.D. To argue against the control of chemicals.B)Get Your Unlimited Card at Cineworld CinemasEnjoy Unlimited FilmsWatch all the films you want at any Cineworld for just one monthly price.Being an Unlimited card holder gives you access to all the 2D films you can handle for one monthly price.Watch what you want,when you want,as many times as you want.Plus,save money when watching films in 3D and others.After you've been with us for more than I year we'll upgrade you to a Premium Card and you'll get into 3D films completely free too!Start enjoying today by using a temporary pass while you wait for your card to arrive in the post.Save On Snacks And DrinksGet 10%off all in-cinema food and drink.Plus get 10% off at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.First year card holders get 10%off, whilst Premium card holders get 25%off Cineworld'sin-cinema food and drinks including,all drinks,popcorn,nachos, hotdogs, ice cream,pick n mix and much more.Plus all card holders get 10%discounts at Cineworld Starbucks licensed stores.All you need to do is show your card at the counter and your discount will be applied.Recommend A FriendUnlimited members can get free months of membership when they recommend Unlimited to their friends!Recommend Unlimited to your friends and we'll give you free months of membership to say thank you.For every friend that signs up using your unique Recommend a Friend code you will both receive one month's free membership once they have been an active Unlimited member for 90 days.The free month will be automatically added to the end of your current subscription.You can earn a maximum of 12 Free Months with your Recommend a Friend code,so recommend Unlimited to 12 friends and you could get a full year of free Unlimited cinema!60. The cinema names its membership card"Unlimited"becauseA. one can have the benefits for good upon joining the membershipB. Cineworld members can enjoy as many 2D and 3D films as they like for freeC. it frees a member from any regular payment to the movie tickets at CineworldD. card holders can share limitless discounts and offers with friends and relatives61. Which of the statement is TRUE according to the passage?A. The benefits above are not available until the card is delivered.B. Premium card holders can have 25%off at a licensed Starbucks.C. Whoever persuades 6 friends into Unlimited can enjoy a half year of free membership.D. A second year of investment is worthwhile if you are a cinema goer.62. This passage is probably written to_A. secure the loyalty of potential customersB. introduce the latest movies and discountsC. promote the popularity of Cineworld cinemasD. give away movie cards to readers for freeC)A rare hole has opened up in the ozone layer above the Arctic,in what scientists say is the result of unusually low temperatures in the atmosphere above the north pole.The hole,which has been tracked from space and the ground over the past few days,has reached record dimensions,but is not expected to pose any danger to humans unless it moves further south.If it extends further south overpopulated areas,such as southernGreenland,people would be at increased risk of sunburn. However,on current trends the hole is expected to disappear altogether in a few weeks.Low temperatures in the northern polar regions led to an unusual stable polar vortex(极地漩涡),and the presence of ozone-destroying chemicals such as chlorine(氯)in the atmosphere-from human activities- caused the hole to form."The hole is principally a geophysical curiosity,"said Vincent-Henri Peuch,director of the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service."We monitored unusual dynamic(动态的)conditions,which drive the process of chemical depletion of ozone.Those dynamics allowed for lower temperatures and a more stable vortex than usual over the Arctic,which then triggered the formation of polar stratospheric(平流层的)clouds and the catalytic(催化的)destruction of ozone."The hole is not related to the Covid-19 shutdowns that have dramatically cut air pollution and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.It is also too early to say whether the unusually stable Arctic polar vortex conditions are linked with the climate crisis,or part of normal stratospheric weather variability.Peuch said there were no direct implications for the climate crisis.Temperatures in the region are already increasing,slowing the depletion of ozone,and the hole will start to recoveras polar air mixes with ozone-rich air from lower latitudes.The last time similar conditions were observed was in spring 2011.While a hole over the Arctic is a rare event,the much larger hole in the ozone layer over the Antarctic has been a major cause for concern for more than four decades.The production of ozone-depleting chemicals has been dramatically reduced,under the 1987 Montreal Protocol(蒙特利尔协议),but some sources appear still to be functioning--in2018,unauthorized emissions were detected from some areas.New sources of ozone-depleting chemicals were not a factor in the hole observed in the Arctic,said Peuch."However,this is a reminder that one should not take the Montreal Protocol measures for granted,and that observations from the ground and from satellites are central to avoid a situation where the ozone-destroying chemical level in the stratosphere could increase again."63. What is the possible meaning of the underlined word"depletion"?A. replacementB.consumptionC.increaseD.production64. According to the passage,scientists are concerned about the hole becauseA. it is expected to be a threat to the mankindB. the new hole is caused by air pollution and greenhouse gas emissionsC. it may encourage further scientific research and environmental awarenessD. it warns us of an oncoming climate crisis65. What can be learned from the last two paragraphs?A. The hole over the Arctic shares the same causes as the one over the Antarctic.B. Human activities are highly responsible for producing ozone-destroying chemicals.C. The Montreal Protocol has successfully prevented new emissions.D. Some new illegal emissions are to blame for the hole over the Arctic.66. The best title for the passage is probably_A.Record-size Hole Opens in Ozone Layer above the ArcticB. Actions Urgently Needed for a New Hole in Ozone LayerC. Environmental Disaster and International CooperationD. How a Hole in Ozone Affects our Life on Earth Section CDirections :Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media.To know more about it,scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings.People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behaviors connected to narcissism,the researchers said.(67) _______________ Makana Chock,a professor from Syracuse University,said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives,it is a good place for people to"work towards satisfying their own vanity."Those"likes"under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.(68) _________ Some people feel"peer pressure"to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience,it did not really happen."Anyway,it shouldn't be seen as negative.People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,"Chock said.Other findings from the study include:There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.(69) ______________Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.On trips and special events,our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos.They would bring back photos to show friends and family.You had no choice but to look at them.You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked,especially children and the person showing the photos.They were happy to hear your comments.(70) ___________________________________________________________ On socialmedia,however,people can decide not to look at photose--ven if they click"like 。

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上海市奉贤区2017届高三政治4月调研测试(二模)试题考生注意:1、考试时间60分钟,试卷满分100分。

2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求。

所有答题必须写在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。

一、单项选择题(共60分,每题3分,每题只能选一个选项)第1~16题,选出正确选项得3分,错选得0分。

1.在首次中非合作论坛召开后的15年间,中国对非洲投资额从5亿美元跃升至300亿美元,有效推动了非洲国家的基础设施建设和工业化进程,带动中国消费品、技术和设备的出口,双边贸易额由原来的100亿美元上升到2014年的2200亿美元。

这说明A.优势互补能有效促进双边经济的发展B.全球生产要素的优化配置依赖国际投资C.资本全球化加剧全球经济的两极分化2.《中共中央、国务院关于深化体制机制改革、加快实施创新驱动发展战略的若干意见》强调,要鼓励各类企业通过股权、期权、分红等激励方式,调动科研人员创新积极性。

实施股权激励方式A.保障了科研人员在企业中的主体地位B.是生产要素按贡献参与分配的体现C.是按劳分配方式的完善和发展3.下图反映我国2009~2015年的宏观经济状况。

为保持国内经济平稳、持续增长,政府可以采取的财政政策措施是注:PPI是反映一定时期内全部工业产品出厂价格总水平变动趋势和程度的相对数。

A.降低存款准备金率,缓解流动性压力B.减少财政赤字,降低财政赤字率C.降低企业税费,扶持企业创新4.关于“学习”有两种观点:其一,“人之岁月精神有限,诵说中度一日,习行中错一日;纸墨上多一分,身世上少一分。

”其二,“教人必欲使其读尽天下书,将道全看在书上,将学全看在读上。

”这两种观点错在没有处理好A.物质与意识的关系B.实践与认识的关系C.量变与质变的关系5.世界上没有放之四海而皆准的发展道路,能够持续造福本国人民适合本国国情的发展道路,才是最有生命力的。

这一论断的辩证唯物主义依据是A.矛盾的特殊性规定了一事物区别于它事物的特殊本质B.基于人民群众根本利益的发展道路才能得到人民群众的拥护C.人民群众的意愿是衡量社会发展道路正确与否的根本标准6. 毛泽东指出:“一个人的工作,究竟是三分成绩七分错误,还是七分成绩三分错误,必须有个根本的估计。

如果是七分成绩,那么就应对他的工作基本上加以肯定。

把成绩为主说成错误为主,那就完全错了。

”从唯物辩证法看,这里强调的是A.事物的性质是由主要矛盾的主要方面决定的B.无视矛盾的次要方面就不能正确认识矛盾C.矛盾的主要方面与次要方面既相互依赖又相互转化7. 针对学生群体中的“拖延症”现象,某校学生“创客”社团设计了一款手机应用软件,同学们从哲学角度对这一设计进行讨论,下列分析合理的有A.“任务拆分”把整体分解成部分,避免因为任务庞大而畏难不前B. “量化评估”创造了新的规律,督促我有条不紊地完成任务C.“同伴激励”强调外部矛盾的作用更为重要,大家会因此不甘落后8.2017年3月26日,第五届香港特首选举投票揭晓,林郑月娥以777票当选。

从“一国两制”角度推测,香港特首将由A.全国人大任命B.国务院任命C.香港立法委任命9.针对韩美双方执意在韩部署“萨德”系统,世界各国有不同的反响。

其中,中国、俄罗斯及亚洲有关国家坚决反对,强烈要求停止相关部署进程。

各国坚决反对基于A.共同利益B.国家性质C.国家职能10.全国优秀农民工和农民工工作先进集体表彰大会2016年2月1日在京召开。

中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理李克强作出重要批示,指出农民工是推动国家现代化建设的重要力量,为促进经济社会发展作出了巨大贡献。

农民工在我国人民民主专政的国家政权中是A.工人阶级,是我国国家政权的领导阶级B.农民阶级,工农联盟共同构成了我国国家政权的阶级基础C.新的社会阶层,改革开放以来为发展社会主义生产力做出了贡献11.第十二届全国人大常委会第十六次会议审议通过了全国人大常委会关于特赦部分服刑罪犯的决定。

全国人大常委会行使了A.决定权B.立法权C.审议权12. 2017年2月,山东省聊城中级人民法院一审以故意伤害罪判处于欢无期徒刑,引起社会广泛关注。

近日,最高人民检察院对此案即“辱母杀人案”高度重视,派员赴山东听取省检察机关汇报,并对案件事实、证据进行全面审查。

对此正确的看法是A.最高人民检察院领导地方司法机关的工作B.最高人民检察院领导山东省人民检察院的工作C.违法必究是社会主义法制强制力的体现13.截至2015年7月,西藏自治区人大及其常委会制定、批准地方性法规和作出具有法规性质的决议、决定共300件,其中现行有效的地方性法规123件,具有法规性质的决议、决定148件,内容涉及政权建设、经济发展、社会稳定、文化教育、文物保护、生态环保等各个方面。

这些法规、决议、决定的制定A.表明在西藏只有自治区人大及其常委会才能行使自治权B.有利于建立和发展平等团结互助和谐的新型民族关系C.说明民族自治区享有自主管理本地区内部事务的权力14.网络空间是亿万民众共同的精神家园,维护互联网的良好秩序是广大民众的共同心声。

第十二届全国人大常委会第十五次会议初次审议了《中华人民共和国网络安全法(草案)》,而后在中国人大网公布,向社会公众征求意见。

这表明A.社会主义法制保障了社会主义民主的实现B.政府决策能够反映民意、集中民智C.社会主义民主是社会主义法制发挥力量的源泉15.党的十八届六中全会审议通过了《关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则》和《中国共产党党内监督条例》。

这旨在A.坚持依法执政,进一步完善国家法律体系B.健全监督体制,发挥群众对党的监督作用C.落实民主集中制,提升党员拒腐防变能力16.某社区举行了关于公民政治参与的交流活动:甲说对政府工作提出过意见建议;乙说参加居民委员会选举;丙说找过人大代表反映交通问题……根据列举的居民发言,判断正确的是A.甲发现了政府没有合理行政B.乙依法直接行使了民主权利C.丙参与的是基层的民主管理第17~20题,选出最佳选项得3分,选出次佳选项得2分,错选得0分。

17.报载全国广大公安民警主动听取群众意见,自觉接受群众评议,根据群众意见和建议改进工作、化解社会矛盾。

给这则消息拟一个新闻标题,最佳的是A.行使民主权利积极建言献策B.自觉征集民意实现民主管理C.公开接受监督优化公共服务18.坚持党的领导,是社会主义法治的根本要求,是党和国家的根本所在、命脉所在,是全国各族人民的利益所系、幸福所系,是全面推进依法治国的题中应有之义。

党的领导和社会主义法治是一致的,社会主义法治必须坚持党的领导,党的领导必须依靠社会主义法治。

只有在党的领导下依法治国、厉行法治,人民当家作主才能充分实现,国家和社会生活法治化才能有序推进。

(《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》)。

对这段话概括最全面的是A.坚持党的领导与社会主义法治是一致的B.党必须坚持依法行政C.依法治国是党领导人民治理国家的基本方略19.我国每年生成的8亿多吨秸杆的综合利用率不高,绝大部分被废弃。

某公司深入研究秸杆的材质特性,利用秸杆制造生态环保、结实耐用的板材,产品在国内外广受欢迎,取得巨大的经济效益。

该公司之所以能够捕捉到他人通常视而不见的商机,是因为A.善于根据事物之间的固有联系建立新的联系B.尊重联系多样性,重视发挥偶然联系的作用C.尊重客观联系,运用正确意识指导实践活动20.在实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的征程中,我们“要使中华民族最基本的文化基因与当代文化相适应、与现代社会相协调”,“要加强对中华优秀传统文化的挖掘和阐发,努力实现中华传统美德的创造性转化、创新性发展”。

观点着重强调对传统文化应A.积极继承古代文化,古为今用大力发展B.积极弘扬民族精神,延续发展其“血脉”C.做好创造性的转化和创新性的发展二、材料分析题(共20分)21. 实施创新驱动发展战略,加快实现由低成本优势向创新优势的转换,可以为我国经济持续发展提供强大动力。

(1)根据材料,从发展经济和改善生活的角度,分别说明落实创新驱动发展战略包含的经济学道理。

(10分)(2)当前,我国很多产业处于国际产业链的中低端。

据此,有人说研究和试验发展(R&D)经费支出越多越超前就越有可能推动经济的发展。

运用量质度...辩证关系,对此观点进行评析。

(10分)三、论述题(20分)22.当前,“走出去”已经成为我国新一轮对外开放的重点,既能助推中国经济发展,也能为经贸伙伴带来红利。

华为布局全球市场华为人很早就认识到,跨国巨头林立的通信设备市场过分依赖国内市场是没有前途的,全球市场是一块巨大的蛋糕,因而国际化成为了华为的战略选择。

时至今日,华为的国际化战略已然开花结果,在2015年,华为手机全球出货量超过一亿部,其72%的收益来自于海外。

过去几年,华为结合各国优势,在旧金山建立了UI设计中心、在日本设立通信研发中心、在印度、印尼等国建立工厂……。

并与多个世界知名品牌展开跨界合作,如与“哈曼卡顿”展开音响合作、与“施华洛士奇”展开设计合作、与“徕卡”展开成像合作,在高端手机市场加速缩小与竞争对手“苹果”与“三星”的差距。

2015,华为助力荷兰构建领先的数字经济基础设施、2016年助力法国打造智慧型“平安城市”。

通过长期努力,华为逐步获得了世界市场的认可。

结合材料,运用消费或对外开放的相关知识论述:“走出去”是中国经济发展与融入世界的关键。

要求:(1)阅读华为布局全球市场的故事,概括走出去在促进我国经济发展与融入世界方面的作用,联系论题,形成总论点;(2)理论论证中论题、总论点、分论点内在逻辑一致,论述逻辑较准确、连贯、完整;(3)概括地引用华为布局全球市场的故事进行事实论证,以充分支持分论点;(4)准确使用思想政治学科术语;(5)建议篇幅限制在400字左右奉贤区2016学年第二学期高中等级考质量抽测思想政治试卷答案要点及评分标准一、单项选择题(共60分,每题3分。

每题只能选一个选项)第.1~16.........3.分,错选得.....0.分.。

....题,选出正确选项得1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. A6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10.B11.A 12.B 13.C 14.C 15.C16.B17~20题,选出最佳选项得3分,选出次佳选项得2分,错选得0.分.。

第二、材料分析题(共20分)21.(1)答案示例:落实创新驱动发展战略,增加研究和试验发展(R&D)经费支出,将推进我国科学技术的不断发展,促进劳动者素质提高、资源的节约和合理使用,使经济增长更可持续。

落实创新驱动发展战略,增加研究和试验发展(R&D)经费支出,将推进我国科学技术的不断发展,使产品质量更好性能更优,满足居民消费需求,改善人民生活,促进经济增长更可持续。

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