音标发音规律记单词

音标发音规律记单词(总9页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--记住音标拼写规则，再也不用担心背单词对于很多人来说，背单词都是个大问题26个字母的各种排列，再加上还有各种形近词，要记住那么多简直不可能其实，英语单词的拼写和读音是有规律可循的，记好下面这些音标和字母的对应规则，保证你从此再也不担心背单词了！注意：音素和字母是两套系统，有着本质的区别，但是两者也是有联系的，在英语中什么字母读什么音都是有规律的，这个规律就是读音规则，比如：class[klɑ:s]，字母和音素是对应的，c读作/k/;l读作/l/;a读作/ɑ:/;ss读作/s/.所以从此中角度来说，音标有两个作用：首先是单词的读音，这是音标的首要作用，还有就是：记忆单词的工具和媒介。

通过音标记单词可以起到提示的作用。

并且能够合二为一，即把音标和单词合起来，成为一体，靠的就是读音规则。

这也是记忆单词的根本方法，一定要坚决贯彻到底。

音标和字母的关系（读音规则）简言之：在英语中什么字母读什么音是有规律的，这个规律就是读音规则总则：元音字母读元音，辅音字母读辅音开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name， bike ; b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, , sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it重读音节、次重读音节和非重读音节在一个单词的读音当中，往往有的音节读得重，有的音节读得轻。

读得重的音节叫重读音节（其注音左上角有重读符号“ˊ”），读得轻的音节叫非重读音节，介于重读音节和非重读音节之间的音节叫次重读音节（其注音左下角有次重读符号“＇”）。

例如：Chi▪ na [ˊtʃainə]；Jap▪ a▪ nese[¸dʒæpəˊni: z]元音1、元音字母在开音节中发字母本身的音或长音：即：a/ei/或/a：/如：cake[keik]蛋糕、 afternoon[?ɑ:ft??nu:n]下午e/i：/ evening['i:vni?]晚上i/a?/ hi[hai]喂o/?u/或/u：/ go[ɡ?u]去who/hu：/谁u/u：/或/ju:/usually[?ju:?u?li]通常2、元音字母在闭音节中发音：a/?/ bag[b?ɡ]书包记忆法：小哥俩背对背（/?/）a级关系（a）e/e/ pen[pen]钢笔记忆法：字母和音标形状一样i/I/ big /bIg/大的记忆法：字母和音标形状一样o/D/或/Λ/ son/sΛn/儿子记忆法：太阳（字母o）从山（/Λ/）上露出半边脸（/D/）u/Λ/sun/sΛn/太阳记忆法：有（谐音指字母u）山（/Λ/）3、另外需注意：所谓开音节和闭音节前提必须是重读音节或次重读音节，另外，开音节或闭音节的公式不一定在单词的末尾，本质上应该在所在音节的末尾，比如evening['i:vni?]晚上，usually[?ju:?u?li]通常，虽然都属于开音节但是不是在单词的末尾，而是在所在重读音节的末尾。

4、元音字母在非重读音节的读音为:/?/、/I/或不发音比如：vegetable [‘ved?it?bl] basket[’bɑ:skit] evening[‘i:vni?]5、所以综上所述：接触一个单词，首先看元音字母，看元音字母时，第一步分析是否是重读音节，第二步确定重读时是否是开音节还是闭音节，非重读时，按照非重读读音即可。

字母组合发音规则：1)?[i:]作为长元音在单词的词头、词中、词尾都出现的很普遍，记下它可是非常划算的一般来说，[i:]可拼读为:?ee, ea, e, ie, ei, i, ey等，例：ee: see, sleep, tree, sheepea: team, mean, please, dream, weak, defeat, greate: he, she, me, we, eveningie: piece, relieve, belief, fieldei: receive, conceive, receiptey: key2) 短元音[i]的运用就没有长元音[i:]那么广泛了，通常出现在特殊的条件组合下可拼读为:?i, y, e, a, u, ai, ie, ay, ey等闭音节单词里的字母i: sit, it, is, did, ill, six, fix非重读的字母a: village, necklace, palace非重读的字母e: decide, delicious, business, refuse非重读的字母y: sorry, baby, very特殊发音的字母u: busy, business词末的ie: cookie非重读的ai: mountain, captain非重读的ay: Monday, Tuesday等ey有时也读成短元音：monkey, money3)?[?]就是传说中的梅花音了，美式英语里可能发音更夸张一点，接近[?]相应搭配就是a：bag, and, ant, happy, man, ask, cat4)?[e]的发音方式与[?]类似，但嘴型略小相关字母有:?ea, e, aea: head, swear, sweater, pleasuree: elephant, yes, leg, bell, unlessa: many any5) 元音[?:]对应的字母有:?ir, ur, ear, er, orir: girl, shirt, skirt, third, birdur：turn，murder，Thursday，surfear基本都发这个音：learn, earn, earth,重读的er：term, her, prefer, serveor在w后：work, word, world, worse, worth6)?[?]的相应拼写包括:?er, or, o, a, e, ur, ure, ou, u词末的er基本都发这个音：teacher, under, father, after, supper 词末的or和非重读的or就发这个音：doctor，actor，forget非重读的o：together，tomorrow，pollution，collection非重读的a：about, away, banana(前后两个a), China非重读的e: student, different, even, happenur, ure, ou, u: Saturday, picture, famous, suppose7)?[ɑ:]的拼写规律基本都跟字母a有关:?ar, a, al, au, are, ear ar：car, farm, card, arm, marka: fast, glass, past, banana(中间的a)al的特殊发音：halfau也属特殊发音：laughare: areear: heart8)?[?]的发音字母包括:?u, o, ou, oo闭音节单词的u：up, cup, bus, but, ducko在字母m, n, th前：come, mother, brother, none, wonderou: trouble, double, cousinoo的特殊发音: blood，flood9)?[?: ]的发音字母有:?al, ar, or, our, ough, oor, ore, au, aw al: all, small, wall, talk, tall, walkar: warm, quarter, towardsau: daughter, autumn, pause, caughtor: short, for, store, boringoor: door floorour: four, your, courseough: bought, thought, coughore: before, more, scoreaw: draw, law10)?[?]的发音字母有:?o, a, auo在闭音节单词中：John, lost, fox, office, rocka在w前或wh后：want, what, wash, watchau的特殊发音：because11)?[u:]的发音字母有:?oo，o，u，ouoo: too, zoo, food, tooth, cool, shooto: who, do, two, whose, lose, moveu在字母l前后: blue, full, fluu的特殊发音：June, true, polluteou：group, soup, through12)?[?]的拼写规则与长元音[u:]类似:?oo, ou, u, ooo: look, good, wood, foot, classroom, bedroom；ou: should, could, would u: put, push, sugar, pull；o: woman, wolf 13) 双元音[e?]的对应拼写有:?a, ay, ai, ey, ei, eaa: name, cake, late, April, page, date重读的ay: play, say, away, day, tableai一般都发这个音: rain, paint, eight, mainland, rail, maidey: they, grey ea: great, break14)?[??]的发音字母包括:?o, ow, oao在开音节中、字母ld或st前：go, no, ago, piano, cold, old, hold, host, ghost ow: know, yellow, below, show, bowl； oa: boat, coat, goat, float15)?[a?]的拼写规则是:?i, y, igh, ie, eii在开音节中、在nd前：hi, side, nice, find, kind, mind, blind重读的y: my, try, fly, by, why, sky字母组合igh几乎都发这个音：light, night, high, right, knight, bright16)?[a?]的发音字母有:?ou，owou: house, about, count, blouse, mouth, mountow: flower, now, cow, how, down17)?[??]发音字母:?oy, oioy: boy, toy, enjoy, loyaloi: toilet, oil, noise, voice, coin18)?[??]的对应字母组合包括:?eer, ear, ere, eaeer: beer, deer, pioneerear: near, dear, hear, fearere: hereea: idea, really, realize19)?[e?]的发音字母有:?ear, air, ere, eir, areear: pear, bear, tearair: chair, air, stairs, pairere: there, whereeir: their, theirs, heirare: care, dare, hare20)?[??]用的比较少，拼写规则也相对简单，包括ure和uaure: sureua: usually, February, January二、辅音辅音相对元音就简单多了，基本上音标啥样就对应一模一样的字母1. [p]对应字母ppea, pig, map, please, pleasure, peace2. [t]对应字母ttwo, too, to, tell, pleasant, moment, event3. [k]对应k、c、ckc: come, cap, cat ； k: bike, cake, kite, Kate ； ck: black, duck, luck4. [f]对应f和phf: fish, foot, face, life, knife； ph: pamphlet, phone, physical5. [θ]和[e]都对应th，凡是遇见这两个发音，先写下th总是没错的th: three, mouth, math, with, then, the6. [s]对应s和cs: snake, sing, speech, swearc在i, e, y前: city, cell, cyber, cycle, nice7. [?]对应sh，ch和cish: ship, sheep, shop, she, shoe； ch的特殊发音: machine;ci: special, financial,8. [h]对应wh和hh: hence, house, horse, hairwh在字母o前：whose, who, whom, wholesale9. [ts]对应tsskirts, students, shirts, let’s10. [t∫]对应chChinses, China, peach, kitchen, teacher11. [tr]对应trtree, train, trousers, trip12. [b]对应bbee, big, bed, book, believe, boot13. [d]对应dbed, dad, do, need, dare, devil14. [g]对应gbag, pig, girl, great, regret, grey15. [v]对应vvest, very, live, vet16. [z]对应s和zz: zoo, zero, sizes: rose, as, is, busy17. [?]对应smeasure, pleasure, usually, treasure, vision, television18. [d?]对应g和jg在字母e前: orange, page, large, wagej: juice, judge, jump, just19. [dz]对应dswords, hands, heads, friends20. [dr]对应drdrink, dress, drive, drip, drop, drill21. [r]对应rred, rice, brown22. [m]对应mmilk, some, come, home, from23. [n]对应n和knn: son, sun, pen, name, nastykn: knight, knife, knee, knowledge24. [?]对应ng和nng: king, sing, English, flingn在字母k前: ink, think, sink25. [j]对应yyes, yellow, youth26. [w]对应wh和wwh: what, where, which, whyw: water, white, witch, well27. [l]对应l和lll: lion, blue, legll: wall, small, ball, yell我们从总体上了解了读音规则，即什么字母读什么音，从而为我们下一步记忆单词扫清了障碍，记忆单词分三步走：第一步：对号，即：分别分析一下是什么字母读什么音，此时就用到读音规则了，重点分析元音字母及其字母组合的读音，因为比较复杂，其他就很容易搞定了。