GMAT语法笔记--时态 Verb Tense

时态Verb Tense, Mood & Voice

Manhattan

1.表未来很少用现在进行时，一般用简单的一般将来时。表定义用一般现在时。

2.不涉及现在时间的time phrase，如last month, in 2007用一般过去时而不用现在完成时。

3.When可以表示at the same time或after，可用从句去除模糊。

She will pay you when you ask her.

She will pay you when you HAVE TAKEN out the garbage.

4.过去完成时只有明确更早时间点才可用。

（1）有and，but，before，after等明确先后顺序词时，不用过去完成时。

e.g. I locked the door after he went out to work.

（2）不是必须有一般过去时，才用过去完成时，只要有time reference就可以。

如By 1945, the US had begun…

（3）只有在必要时采用过去完成时。GMAT喜欢简洁，若过去的过去并没有对后来的行为有什么因果影响，可以用一般过去时。如：

Joe learned about an epoch in which dinosaurs walked on earth.

（4）不要将过去时和未来时用在同一句中！应该是“过去+过去未来时”或“现在+将来”

例：The scientist believes that the machine WILL BE…..

The scientist believed that the machine WOULD BE…

5.虚拟语气：推测型用were，命令型用现在式原型（无-s，用be替代所有is，are）

（1）推测型（少）:Would Should等在虚拟语态中不允许出现，累赘！

●将来不可能事件：If she ate pizza tomorrow, then she would become ill.

●过去没发生的事情：If she had eaten pizza yesterday, then she would have

become ill.

（2）命令型（多）：第三人称不加-s，be动词统一用be。

形式一般是bossy verb + that +be，也有用to do的. THAT不能省！

例：We proposed THAT the school board disband.

The president wants her to go.

a)只用be的：We demand that he be there.

b)只用to do的：We allow him to be here.

c)都用的：We require that he be here. We require him to be here

d)其他：The agency prohibited Gary from working on weekends.

e)变成名词也为命令型的：His demand that he be paid more was not met.

6.被动语态

（1）只用be + v-ed. Be不能换成get之类的。

（2）有by…必须被动

（3）By：具体动作执行者

Through, because:方法工具等

（4）及物动词才能用被动。错例：the aliens were arrived…

（5）平行不需要考虑主动被动主动被动不能用来判断正误。。。