研究生公共英语听说(下)原文LESSON 4(B)
研究生英语视听说Unit 4.leisure time
Unit 4 Leisure TimeTopic PreviewWhat do you like to do in leisure time? Please choose the leisure-time activities you like best from the list below and explain why.1.watch TV2.surf the Net3.play video game4.visit friends5.dance with friends6.watch a football match7.go shopping8.eat out9.reading10.see movies11.play basketball12.sleep13.listen to music14.others (you name it)Part 1 Movie TimeExercise 1Watch the video clip about a drive-in theater and answer the questions：1.What is said about going to a drive-in theater?2.What did Amy Highlane often do when she was young?3.What is so good about going to a drive-in theater?4.What makes popular again?5.How do drive-in theaters compete against walk-in theaters?Exercise 2Watch the movie clip and fill inn the missing words in the following script.Henry: What a lovely pair they make. Ah, sister.Eliza the Comtesse: What do you make of Mr. Lefroy?Jane Austen: We’re honoured by his 1 .Eliza the Comtesse: You think?Jane Austen: He does, with his preening, prancing, Irish-cum-Bond-Street airs.Jane Austen: Well, I call it very high indeed, 2 to dance when there are so few gentlemen.Henry, are all your friends so disagreeable?Henry: Jane.Jane Austen: Where exactly in Ireland does he come from, anyway?Tom Lefroy: Limerick, Miss Austen. I would regard it as a mark of 3 if you would stoop to honor me with this next dance. Being the first to dance with me, madam, I feelit only fair to inform you that you carry the standard for Hampshire hospitality.Jane Austen: Ah, then your country reputation depends on my report. This, by the way; is calleda 4 , after the French, contredanse. Not because it is exhibited at anuncouth rural assembly with glutinous pies, execrable Madeira and truly anarchicdancing.Tom Lefroy: You judge the company 5 , madam.Jane Austen: I was describing what you'd be thinking.Tom Lefroy: Allow me to think for myself.Jane Austen: Give me leave to do the same, sir, and come to a different conclusion. Will you give so much to a woman?Tom Lefroy: It must depend on the woman and what she thinks of me.Jane Austen: But you are 6 being pleased.Tom Lefroy: And I think that you, miss, what was it?Jane Austen: Austen. Mr. ...?Tom Lefroy: Lefroy. I think that you, Miss Austen, consider yourself a cut above the company.Jane Austen: Me?Tom Lefroy: You, ma'am, secretly.Part II Listening ActivitiesTask 1: A Telephone ConversationExercise 1Listen to Part A and decide whether the statements are true (T)or false (F).1.The Whale Watch Experience will last for two days.2.The travel agency will send travelers to the lovely little town by coach.3.The maximum group size is 12 or 13 people.4.April is the peak time for the Whale Watch Experience.5.The next tour date is June 2nd.6.The hotel they will stay at is called the Pallisades.Exercise 2Listen to Part B and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1. If the travelers don’t want to do the whale watch cruise, they can go on a _____________, whichwill charge them extra $12.2. The tour costs $ ____.3. Bookings must be made no later than ______ days in advance.4. _______ deposit is required.5. The customer’s reference number is _________________.Task 2: Table Manners in Western CountriesExercise 1Listen to the passage and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).1.Most Americans enjoy entertaining at home, and they invite friends to learn different cultures.2.When attending a dinner at a western home, you should be well prepared and avoid makingmistakes. Otherwise, no one will invite you again.3.As for a retirement party or Christmas, a tie and jacket would be suitable for the gentlemen and adress or sweater and skirt for the ladies.4.If you are unsure what to wear, you can ask the host.5.The most important piece of advice is to have a good time.Exercise 2Listening to the passage again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.1. Before arriving at your host's home, make sure of three things. First, be a few minutes late. Never be early, as the host may not ______________________________ yet. Nor should you be m minutes late. Next, as to whether to bring a gift, in ______________________________, it is not necessary. Do not bring _________________________ unless you are sure of your host's or hostess's preference in drink. Finally, wear_________________________.2. At formal gatherings, __________________ are sometimes provided, or you will be to sit. Formal affairs often have ________________________ with the appropriate cutlery for each dish. It is ___________________ to ask others to pass dishes to you for self-serving.Part III Oral PracticeTask 1: Leisure Time EntertainmentCreate a dialogue based on the following roles and settings.1.You talk about sports and sports stars with your friend.2.You want to go to see a Chinese movie. You have already read the movie section in the newspaper,and now you ask on of your friends to go with you.Task 2: Speaking about Movies or TV programsGive an oral presentation on one of the following topics.1.My favorite music/song/musical instrument/sport/TV program2.My favorite movie.3.The positive and negative aspects of watching TV。
新世纪研究生英语听说(下)原文LESSON 12(B)
LESSON TWEL VECulturePART A1.W: I want to play tennis tomorrow, but I didn't bring myracket with me this weekend. Do you have one I couldborrow?M: I do. But it has a broken string.Q: What is the wo man’ problem?2.M: Sorry, but I can’t go and have a cup of coffee with younow. I’ve done only half of the readings for thephilosophy class tomorrow.W: I thought I was a slow reader.Q: What does the woman mean?3.M: I broke my ankle last Tuesday, and now I have to be oncrutches for six weeks.W: I'm sorry to hear that. Is there anything I can do for you?Q: What happened to the man?4. W: Why didn't you call me last night like you were supposedto?M: I did. Your line was busy.Q: What did the man try to do last night?5. M: Sue, would you like a sandwich or something?W: Oh, please don't bother. I can get something later.Q: What does the woman mean?6. M: This looks like the way to Susan's house, but I don't know.I wish I'd written down the directions.W: At this rate, we'll be lucky to get there in time for dessert.Q: What does the woman imply?7. W: So, did you pick up that orange juice for me like you saidyou would?M: I meant to, but I was short on cash. I'll be going back later, though, after I stop by the bank, if you can waitthat long.Q: What does the man imply he will do?8. M: That's a great dress, Cindy. I don't think I've ever seen youwear it before.W: Oh, I haven't. It's just been at the back of my closet. Mysister gave it to me ages ago and I had totally forgottenabout it.Q: Why hasn’t the woman worn the dress before?9.W: Just look at this apartment, Karen. What a mess! Yourstuff is all over. How does your roommate put up with it. W: I know. I haven't been doing my share this week, but I have three reports due on Friday and I haven't evenstarted one of them.Q: What can be inferred about Karen?10. W: I wish we had better stuff to read for our literature class.That novel she assigned us is so boring.M: Really? I started it yesterday afternoon and I couldn'tput it down until I finished it.Q: How does the man like the novel?11.W: Wow. You seem to be in a really good mood today.What's the secret?M: Don't know. I guess some mornings you wake up feeling great, some mornings you don't.Q: What does the man mean?12. W: If you're planning to take the train when you leave nextFriday, remember that I drive right past the station on myway home from campus.M: Say, I think I'll take you up on that.Q: What will the man probably do next Friday?13.M: I need to ask John about the Chemistry assignment fortomorrow, but his phone has been busy for the last hourand a half. Who could he be talking to for so long?W: It may not be him, you know. It could be one of his housemates. Why don't you just go over there if it'simportant?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?14.W: Jim, I don't know if you know this, but I've decided torun for class president, and I was wondering if I ... , if Icould count on your vote.M: Oh. Maybe if you'd asked me sooner but my roommate is running too, and I've already promised him my support.Q: What will the man probably do?15.M: I might argue with some of the details, but I basicallyagree with this author's thesis about managing theeconomy.W: Sure, it sounds great in theory. My concern is whether it applies in practice.Q: What i s the woman’ implication?PART BPassage I:Beijing’s HutongsA hutong is an ancient city alley typical of Beijing. Surrounding the Forbidden City, many were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. In the prime of these dynasties the emperors, in order to establish supreme power for themselves, planned the city and arranged the residential areas according to the etiquette systems of the Zhou Dynasty. The center of the city of Beijing was the royal palace -- the Forbidden City. One kind of hutong, usually referred to as the regular hutong, was near the palace to the east and west and arranged in orderly fashion along the streets. Most of the residents of these hutongs were imperial kinsmen and aristocrats. Another kind, the simple and crude hutong, was mostly located far to the north and south of the palace.The main buildings in the hutong were almost all quadrangles--a building complex formed by four houses around a quadrangular courtyard. The quadrangles varied in size and design according to the social status of the residents. The big quadrangles of high-ranking officials and wealthy merchants were specially built with roof beams and pillars all beautifully carved and painted, each with a front yard and back yard. However, the ordinary people's quadrangles were simply built with small gates and low houses. Hutongs, in fact, are passageways formed by many closely arranged quadrangles of different sizes. The specially built quadrangles all face south for better lighting; as a result, a lot of hutongs run from east to west. Between the big butongs many small ones go north and south for convenient passage.In recent years, the houses in many hutongs have been pulled down and replaced by modern buildings. Many hutong dwellers have moved to new housing. In the urban district of Beijing today, houses along hutongs still occupy one third of the total area. The hutong today is fading into the shade for both tourists and inhabitants.I1. How did the emperors plan the city and arrange the residentialareas?2. Who lived near the palace to the east and west?3. Where were simple and crude hutongs mostly located?4. What do you know about the ordinary people's quadrangles?5.What is the percentage of the houses along hutongs in the urban district of Beijing today?II1. (T) Many hutongs surrounding the Forbidden City were builtduring the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties.2.(F) A Hutong is a building complex formed by four housesaround a quadrangular courtyard.3. (T) The specially built quadrangles of high ranking officialsand wealthy merchants all faced south for better lighting.4.(T) Small hutongs between big ones go north and south forconvenient passage.5. (F) The hutong today is only reserved for tourists.Passage II:The White Wedding DressMost American brides choose to be married in white. The color has long been associated with wedding because of its supposed symbolic link to virginity. Viewed historically, the linkbetween white and virginity is not as absolute as is often supposed. Brides in ancient Rome married in white, but because the color signified joy. They were veiled in a bright orange veil, which suggested the flames of passion. In the western Catholic tradition, too, white has always been the color of joy. In some other societies, white is used to denote the significance of various ceremonies, among them funerals as well as weddings. For example, among the Andaman Islanders, white indicates simply a change of status; and for the traditional Chinese it is a symbolic representation of hope in funerals. Chinese brides usually wear a red dress in the wedding ceremony.The "traditional" white wedding dress, moreover, is a recent innovation. It did not become popular until about the early 19th century. Its popularity may be due less to its association with virginity than to showing off one's privilege. Most Victorian brides wore traditional national costumes. The white dress, an impractical innovation, became popular among the upper classes precisely because of its defects: Victorian brides from privileged backgrounds wore white to indicate that they were rich enough to wear a dress for one day only. Later, the white wedding dress also became popular among brides from somewhat less privileged backgrounds, but till the first partof the 20th century they would put on their white dress on special occasions throughout the first year of their marriage. The custom of locking it away after the wedding is less than a hundred years old.I1. What is "white" often supposed to be associated with?2. What does "white" indicate in the western Catholic tradition?3. When did the white wedding dress become popular?4.Why was the white wedding dress popular among the upper class people?5.When did the custom begin of locking the white wedding dress away after the wedding?II1. (T) Most American brides choose to be married in white.2.(F) Brides in ancient Rome married in white because thecolor signified hope.3.(T) For the traditional Chinese "white" is a symbolicrepresentation of hope in funerals.4. (F) Most Victorian brides wore a white wedding dress duringtheir wedding ceremonies.5. (T) The white wedding dress has now become popular amongordinary people.Passage III:Customary Behavior for GuestsPresents if you're invited to someone's home for a meal it is customary to take some flowers or a box of chocolates. It is not customary to take a bottle of wine unless you know your host well. Although chocolates and flowers are quite acceptable it would be very nice if you could take something from your country. It is different if you are invited to a party, and it also depends on what kind of party it is. Many parties these days are "bring a bottle" parties.Dress If you aren't sure what you should wear then ask your host or your friends. Usually dress is informal in Britain for parties and for invitations to dinner in people's homes. If you are going to an expensive restaurant the men may have to wear a jacket and tie, jeans wouldn't be allowed.Punctuality If you are invited to dinner at someone's home you shouldn't arrive earlier than the time given and you shouldn't arrive more than 15 minutes late. If you are going to be late telephone and let your host know so that the meal can be delayed. Dinner is usually served between 8 pm and 9 pm. Very often guests are invited to arrive earlier than this so that they canhave a drink and be introduced to the other guests.PART D1) enter politics, 2) a vision, 3) attractive, 4) our sense of shame, 5)appalled, 6)violent crime, 7)reestablish, 8) a sense of family, 9)African-American soldier, 10) Are you afraid?", 11) with my family, 12) take care of, 13) touch me, 14) as a nation, 15)as a family, 16)sharing with each other, 17)the can-do attitude, 18) risk failing, 19) who has received so much, 20) our American journey。
研究生英语听说教程任林静第四版原文
研究生英语听说教程任林静第四版原文引言概述：研究生英语听说教程是任林静教授编写的一本经典教材，已经出版了第四版。
本文将从五个大点来详细阐述这本教材的原文内容，包括听力技巧、口语表达、语法应用、词汇扩展和综合训练。
通过对这些内容的分析，我们可以更好地了解这本教材的特点和优势。
正文内容：1. 听力技巧1.1 原文内容中介绍了一系列提高听力技巧的方法，如听力材料的选择、听力策略的运用等。
1.2 教材中还包括了一些实际的听力练习，涵盖了不同主题和语境，帮助学生提高听力水平。
1.3 此外，原文还介绍了一些常见的听力难点，并提供了相应的解决方法，帮助学生克服听力困难。
2. 口语表达2.1 教材中的口语表达部分涵盖了各种日常和学术场景下的口语表达技巧，如问答技巧、辩论技巧等。
2.2 原文内容还提供了一些实用的口语练习，如对话模拟、口头报告等，帮助学生提高口语表达能力。
2.3 此外，教材还注重培养学生的口语交际意识，教授一些常用的口语表达习惯和礼貌用语，使学生能够更自如地与他人进行口语交流。
3. 语法应用3.1 原文内容中对英语语法的应用进行了详细的讲解，包括句子结构、时态、语态等方面。
3.2 教材通过大量的例句和练习题，帮助学生掌握和应用各种语法规则。
3.3 此外，原文还特别关注了一些常见的语法错误和易混淆点，并提供了相应的纠错方法和提示。
4. 词汇扩展4.1 教材中的词汇扩展部分包括了丰富的词汇资源和相关的词汇练习。
4.2 原文内容中还提供了一些词汇记忆技巧和方法，帮助学生更好地记忆和应用词汇。
4.3 此外，教材还注重词汇的实际运用，通过各种语境和练习，帮助学生提高词汇运用能力。
5. 综合训练5.1 教材中的综合训练部分涵盖了听说读写的综合训练，帮助学生全面提高英语综合能力。
5.2 原文内容中的综合训练包括了各种实际场景下的综合应用，如听力材料的理解和口语表达的运用等。
5.3 此外，教材还提供了一些综合训练的技巧和方法，帮助学生更好地应对各种综合训练任务。
西电研究生英语视听说UNIT 4
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thrash out:研究解决 thrash:打谷；白忙；猛烈摆动 high-sounding:高调的；夸张的；夸大的,冠冕堂皇的 democratic：['dɛmə'krætɪk]民主的；民主政治的； 大众的 democracy:[də'mɑkrəsi]民主，民主主义；民主政治 Premier:[prɪ'mɪr；'premɪə]adj. 第一的；最初的 n. 总理，首相 subsidy:['sʌbsədi]n. 补贴；津贴；补助金 promptly:迅速地；立即地；敏捷地
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现代社会中女性主义的过度膨胀已经使原本的女性主义 变质成性别歧视的主义。在现代社会分工中，女性并不 完全属于弱势，如忽略社会的实际改变而完全以过去社 会的衡量标准摄取更多的保障，就会成为性别歧视的主 义；而以过去的价值观来衡量女性主义的现代社会则继 续把女性主义当成社会文明进步与开明的象征。
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abortion 人工流产, 堕胎 abuse of power an aging population anti-porn drive / campaign bigamy 重婚 civic morality 社会公德 corruption 贪污 crime 犯罪 arson 纵火, 纵火罪 complaint center 投诉中心 crimes committed by Mafia-like gangs：黑恶势力犯罪 Mafia：黑手党 drug rehabilitation center：戒毒所 drug trafficker ：毒枭 drug-related crimes：毒品犯罪 embezzlement ：盗用公款 juvenile delinquency：青少年犯罪
(完整word版)新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说(学生用)Lesson1~15参考答案
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全新版大学英语听说教程4听力原文
全新版大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文（Part B，C 部分）Unit 1Part BBirthday Celebrations Around the WorldChairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World. Yes, folks, we've been on the air for exactly one year now, and we thought it would be a nice idea to have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations around the world. With us in the studio tonight we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane, who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star. Shaheen: Good evening. Pat: Good evening.Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you. How are birthdays celebrated in India? Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that everyone in the world celebrates their birthday. This just isn't the case. Low-income families in India, for instance, simply can't afford any festivities. And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here. The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays, and in any case most people, until a couple of hundred years ago, couldn't even read and wouldn't have even been able to spot their birthday on a calendar anyway. Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays. In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia, for example, the rich people invite friends and families around. But not in small villages. Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one. But now it seems to have moved to eighteen. Is that true?Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote, you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on. But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty before you can smoke or drink. Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country, girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen. And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one.Chairman: That's interesting. I mean is it typical that around the world girls are considered to be more mature than boys?Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and there are some countries, particularly in South America, which have a big party only for girls. In Mexico and Argentina, for example, they have enormous parties for 15-year-old girls.Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty. It's kind of embarrassing. I mean you get pepper thrown at you.Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?Pat: I'm not really sure.Shaheen: So does that mean that on your 29th birthday you can start thinking 'God I better get married'?Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it.Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth and so on.Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ...Chairman: Eighty-eighth?Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday. Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.Part CUnit 2 Part B Last Gasp for SmokersIt was a normal day and in their New York office, Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break. But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee, Ken had to go outside. He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke. If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops.Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled. First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theaters and airports. Now you can't smoke in any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. "Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say.If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already banned in California. On August 9, 2001, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy, officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city. And since January 1, 2002 all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste. Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes. Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin. And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure. It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke, they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal. And then Ken will have to give up.Part CUnit 3Part BHow Our Memory WorksTry to imagi ne a life without a memory. It would be impossible. You could n't use a Ian guage, because you would n't remember the words. You could n't un dersta nd a film, because you n eed to hold the first part of the story in your mind in order to understand the later parts. You would n't be able to recognize anyone - even members of your own family. You would live in a permanent present. You would have no past and you would n't be able to imagine a future.Human beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own Ianguage as well as possibly thousa nds more in a foreig n Ian guage. We have all sorts of in formati on about differe nt subjects such as history, scie nee, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driv ing a car or play ing a musical in strume nt. All these things and coun tless others depe nd on our memory.How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever see n or played.Secon dly, research shows that differe nt things are stored in differe nt parts of the brain. Ideas,words, and nu mbers are stored in the left-ha nd side, while the right-ha nd side remembers images, soun ds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed tha n the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their n ames.Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experie nces produce chemicals such as adre nali ne, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old eno ugh to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shock ing n ews that the twin towers of the World Trade Cen ter in New York were hit.Fourthly, the con text in which you lear n someth ing can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best whe n they were un derwater.Lastly, the more ofte n you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'll lose it. A teleph one nu mber that you dial freque ntly will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write dow n one that you use only now and aga in.Part CUnit 4Part BEmbarrass ing Experie ncesIn terviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, did n't you?Rob: Yes, I did.In terviewer: So, what happe ned?Rob: Well, I went into this meeti ng and there were about, er... seve n or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat dow n. Appare ntly, what I should have done is to go round the room shak ing hands with every one in dividually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because IT^pticript7b inany people Adv<tricin^ inedins ius- ing your hairand your is it truethat the older you get, the less you reinemher?Actuftlly. in healthy peo 卩le, menior>r doesn'tdeteriorate as quickly as rndny of us think. As we age,our memory mechanism isn't broken, it's just diflerent.The brain's processing tinie slowi duwn over the years.Jiecent research EU 岸 gestf that nerve cells luseefficiency and thill there's less activity in the part of thebrain that decides whether Eo store information or not.There are steps you can take tn improve yourmtrmtjry; though you liave to work to keep your braiii inshape.Hlrliicry crlhdiicement ejtperts jsug- 月wepay attention io what wc to remember. Then givesome meaning tc it. We remember tilings when wefacus an them, whether wc intend io or nar.Basic orgdnizjtinn helps US remember thuboring stuff Fur example, rather than trying to recall arandom list of groceries, we can divide tliem into (■試such as dairy. . mnd produce. For important things like keys and money, wc CATI 5PT up a 'Target-iBE-rtOt spot wherir we always kerp them r Wfe can eat to aid our memory powtr. Whole grdins h fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of glucose, the brains preferred fiiel. 1b girt ad?c|U3tf rc^t is n low-t^ch wsy to improve memory. Sleep may allow OUF brain time to enec^de memories. Interest in friends, family and hobbies does woiider$ fnr nur memory. A sense nf passion or 卩iirpose helps u* renieniber. Memciry require^u$ to pay attention to cur lives, allowing us to dincaver in them everythin^ worth remembeTirig. Queitions !■ Which of the following an we learn from the passage? 2. Wliidi of the following can help improve our nw mo ry acco rding tu the passage? What should we do (□ nicl our memory paw - erseconding to the passage?found out later it upset every on e. I mean, I think they felt I was tak ing them for gran ted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, every one!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a doze n people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out that what I should have done is shake hands with every one in the group before leavi ng. Now, appare ntly, it's the polite thing to do. In terviewer: Well, people shake hands in differe nt ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, no rmally I shake hands quite gen tly whe n I meet some one. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was in troduced to the boss in the compa ny whe n he passed us in the corridor. Well, I was n't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And whe n we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.In terviewer: And how about using first n ames? Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use every on e's first n ame so as to seem frien dly. And I later discovered that in bus in ess you should n't use some on e's first n ame uni ess you are in vited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, whe n I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled whe n I shook hands with them and said 'How do you do?' Well, what they do whe n they greet a stra nger is to say their own n ames, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.In terviewer: Shall we take a break? When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.Part C Test Your Listening Unit 5 FriendshipPart BThe Hospital Windowtn many cuuntriieK. ic k not customsry to callsomeone very Sdrly in th* morning, [f you call earlyin the da^ white he [s shaving or having breakfast,the time of the c^ll shows thjt The matter is veryimportant mnd requires ininiedi' ate attention. Thesame meaning is atuched to telephone calls after11:00 p.m. If someone receives a cd 11 duringsleepiEig hou 「蛍 he assumes it is n marter of lifeand dead). The time chosen for the caTI ccnimuiiic^te^ its imparr^nce.tn social life, time pFays A very importantpmrt, In the U.S. guests tend to feel they are highlyregarded if the invitation to a dinner party isextended three or four djys before [heparty date. Rut ir is not true in oih^r countries. Mseme coujitries it may be considered foolish to makean appointment too far ui advance be- BLi 我 pJansthat are mtide for a more than s week away tend to be forgotten. The meaning of timedialers in different parts of the world. Thus, misunderstanding arises between people 1 from different ： countries that treat time 击他e ently. Imagine yoi] have arranged a meeting at 4 o'clock. What time should you expect your foreign business colleagues to arrive? If they're they'll be bang on time. If they're American theyll probably be 15 minutes early. If they 1 re British, they'll be 15 minutes late, and you should allow up to an hour for the Italians. Questions 1 - What have you learned about the time for telephone calls in many countries? 2. Wliy is it (xmsiderod fbuiish to nuke sn appoint- Inent too fur in advance in some countries? 3* Which nationalities are most pimctual and which are least punctual?Jack and Ben, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. Jack, whose bed was next to the room's only window, was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. But Ben had to spend all day and night flat on his bed. To kill time the two men began to talk. They talked for hours about their wives, families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, and where they had been on vacation. As days went by, a deep friendship began to develop between them.Every afternoon when Jack could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to Ben all the things he could see outside the window. And Ben began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amid flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees beautified the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Jack described all this in exquisite detail, Ben would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scenes.One warm afternoon Jack described a parade passing by. Although Ben couldn't hear the band -- he could see it in his mind's eye as Jack portrayed it with descriptive words.Days and weeks passed. One morning the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of Jack, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.Ben was heart broken. Life without Jack was even more unbearable. How he longed to hear Jack's voice and his melodious descriptions of the outside world! As he looked at the window, an idea suddenly occurred to him. Perhaps he could see for himself what it was like outside. As soon as it seemed appropriate, Ben asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself! He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall!'What could have compelled my roommate to describe such wonderful things outside this window?' Ben asked the nurse when she returned.'Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you to live on,' she said. 'You know, he was blind and could not even see the wall.'Part CT4p«scrFpt || decided to hom^chool 仙As Fiona LS ar i R.IWo years ago. wfien Fiona turned four, Sam an find scho0| rubbing away her unique ventive, observant, and sensitive child, it would b亡A tr3S enflSS- ( f lrt. r mv ch i|dren would lean best if 1 stayed o ut”I tried not to reproduce school at home. I 杞山山日 -tbeif W. romes int0 mv room with ”Wh戲are we doingFiona is a structured child. Each morning she comes imo my <tod^y?" and ' What else?,h』., Every day we go with the flow, read some and 胡耿sow. but Fiona does not 注m ㈣血川环happy. She loses her temper now and then.I think it so strange that my child who is free from school doesn't warn to be tree at alL Her friends all go topre-school. So de 弭her nearest acquaintances. She feels left out of A m晌【的o； her friends' shared lives and experiences-Welh here is a dilemma I hadn't anticipated. It is importa nt to me to respect my daughter s opiii” ions and feelings. But on the other hand the quality of learning my child docs at home is superior Hpw c\3n I 注low her to get an inferior education?When we first decickd to do rhis, Sam and [ agreed that we would reassess the situation far each child as she turned seven. This would allow us to listen to how the child felt about home-schooling. MeanwhiEe we would give her plenty oftime with other kids — ballet lessons, swimming classes.Every rime she asks when shc h s going to school, we tell her that there will be a famtly meeting abour it when she turns s^ven. She nearly always responds, ThsCs when Cm going to go, tht?ru"We have one year I hope that Fiona will either learn to read and the world opens up for her or she discovcrs something wonderful to pursue. I hope she will find the activities she is involved in provide her with satisfactory kid-tiniHQuestions1娜$ 证the s P fiaker and血血聞d decide co home-school thdr daughter Fi Ona?2- How did Fiona respond to her biome-schooling?1 WhaT was血speaker s biggest pnoblem in home-schooling her daughter?4. What does the passage suggest?。
研究生英语听说教程原文
研究生英语听说教程原文研听教听究生英蚁蚁程;引蚁版,蚁力原文Lesson 1Exercise 1Student: Excuse me.Counselor: Yes?Student: Do I need to make an appointment to register for an ESL class?Counselor: No, but you first have to take a placement test.Student: A test?Counselor: We need to find out what your ESL level is.Student: Oh, Okay. Where do I go to take the test?Counselor: We will be giving the test tomorrow at 3 o’clock in room 303. Can you come then?Student: Yes.Counselor: Good. Now, let me give you some forms to fill out so we can begin the registrationprocess. Please write your name and address here, and your ID number here.Student: Okay. What do I write under teacher and section?Counselor: You can leave those blank. We’ll fill it in tomorrow.Exercise 2Student A: I did n’t really understand what Ms. Smith was saying about the id, the superego and the ego.Student B: Oh, that’s easy. Look here on page 53. The id is thepart of our personality that wants instant gratification. The ego tries to help the id get what it wants, but in a logical and practical way. The superego is like the personality’s police force. It monitors the id and the ego.Student A: Oh, I think I’m getting it. You mean the id, ego and superego are all part of our personality?Student B: Right. They are all interacting.Student A: Do you think we’ll need to give definitions?Student B: I don’t know. We may just have to match the names with the definitions. But we’d better study this some more just to be safe.A: I can’t believe it’s closed. I’ve got a class from 7 o’clock to 10 o’clock. What am I going to do?B: Well, there are some food machines in the Student Union. You could always go there.A: No way! I tried that once last semester and I got as sick as a dog. There’s got to be something better.B: Well, we can go down to Main Street. There are a couple of places that I’m sure are open.A: We’d never make it back in time. It’s already 6:40. I think I’ll pass out if I don’t get something. I came here right from work. I didn’t have time to stop by my apartme nt.B: I think there’s a stand in front of Smith Hall. You can at least get something warm there.A: Well, I guess we don’t have any other choice.B: Yeah, it’s either the canteen or three hours of listening toyour stomach growl.Teacher: Good evening clas s. Before we begin tonight’s lesson. I want to remind you about next Thursday’s midterm. Remember to review chapters one through eight in the book. You will be responsible for knowing all of the information in the chapters plus all of the other topics we have discussed in class. This test will include multiple choice, True/False, and essay questions. You will not be able to use any books, notes or dictionaries.Now, last week, I spoke about the importance of using note cards and visual aids to prepare your speeches. Tonight I’m going to talk about specific things that will help you with your speech delivery. Please take careful notes so you can use those techniques to improve your speech delivery.The first and perhaps the most important element of good speech delivery is eye contact. It is extremely important, especially in the English-speaking world, to make eye contact with your entire audience. This may be very difficult for you if you come from a culture where making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect. But, you really need to practice this skill until you are comfortable looking directly at all of your audience members when you are speaking to them. Please note that you need to look at the entire audience. Please don’t direct your attention to just one person or one side of the room, and really be sure not to stare into the eyes of anyone for too long of a period.Next, you need to make sure that when you talk to your audience, you are enthusiastic about your topic and excited to share it with youraudience. Vitality is a way of maintaining the audience’s attention and indicating to them that you firmly believe in what you are saying. Volume, intonation, facial expression_rs, and gestures all add to the vitality of your speech. Think abut a speaker you really liked. Did heor she just stand there and read words from a piece of paper? No, of course not. Probably the speaker was full of life and his or her energy forced you into becoming involved in caring about the topic of the speech.4.Dr. Stevens: Ted, can I speak to you a minute?Ted: Yes, Doctor Stevens?Dr. Stevens: I finished reading your essay and before I return it to you, I was hoping you might be able to come in and speak with me about it.Ted: Oh, uh, okay, sure.\Dr. Stevens: Can you come during my office hours?Ted: I think so. When are they again?Dr. Stevens: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3 o’clock until 4:30.Ted: That’s no problem Oh, wait a minute, I have football practice every day from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock.Dr. Stevens: Hmm. Well, how about if we get together tomorrow right before class?Ted: Sure.5. You have reached the Student Union Activity Hotline. Thefollowing is a list of information and events for Thursday, September 18.The Student Union is open from 7:00 a.m. until 11:30 p.m. The cafeteria will be serving breakfast from 7 o’clock until 8:30, lunch from 11 o’clock until 1 o’clock, and dinner from 5 o’clock until 7 o’clock, The snack bar will be open from 9:00 a.m.—8:00 p.m.Assembly member Carole Berg will be speaking on the topic: “Parity pay for Women: It’s Still Not Here.” Assembly woman Berg will speak in the Oak Room from 9 o’clock. Admission is free, and a question/answer period will follow.The Student Council will meet in room 27 from noon until 1:30. Elections will be held for all major offices. All students are welcome.The campus folk dance club meets in the Green Room from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock today. All are welcome to attend; dance experience is not necessary.Bette Milder will be performing live in the Campus Corner Cabaret. The show begins at 8 o’clock. Tickets are available at the Ticket Office. All seats are $7.00.Tonight’s movie, the experimental “Dial Tones,” will be shown in the Union theater at 7:00 and 9:00 p.m. Tickets for both shows are $5.00 and are available at the ticket office.If you have missed anything on this recording, please press the pound key for the message to repeat. Thank you for calling the Student Union.6. A: Let’s exchange phone numbers. That way, if one of us is absent, we can call each other for the homework assignments.B: That’s a great idea. My number is 555---A: Wait a second, this pen just died. Let me get another one.B: Here, take my pencilA: Thanks. Okay, what was it?Exercise 2A: Who’s your history professor?B: I’m in Dr. Leydorf’s class.A: Oh, How is he?B: The class is interesting and I really like him, but he’s a real stickler. If you’re more than fifteen minutes late, he marks you absent, and you have to hand in every assignment on time or he lowers your grade.A: Ooh! He sounds really tough.2.A: How did you do on your composition?B: Oh, you won’t believe it. I hadn’t worked on it very long and I didn’t have time to check it over. When the teacher returned it to me with an “A” on it, you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: Wow. That’s great. You must be really smart.B: Or else just lucky.3.A: Let’s go to a movie tonight.B: Sorry, I’ve got to cram for a test tonight. I haven’t had a chance to study before now.A: Well, how about going to the late show?B: No, I’m going to need a good night’s sleep. I want to make sure that I’m ready for the test.4.A: All right. We promised each other we’d get this report done today. Let’s get cracking.B: Aw, it’s such a beautiful day. Can’t we go for a walk and do this later?A: No, we’ll need to return these books to the library by five o’clock. We really have to do this now.5.A: Gee. It’s already a quarter after ten. Maybe Ms. Hughes isabsent today.B: Fat chance. She’s never been absent a day in her life.I was in her class last year and she even came in when she had the flu.A: Well I guess she really loves teaching. Oh, here she comes now.1. I’m taking Biology 101 this semester.2. I’m going to the Student Union at 7:00.3. We’re discussing parapsychological p henomena.4. We are you returning to the computer lab?5. We’re meeting with Dr. Stevens at the end of the lesson.1. I am transcribing my sociology notes.2. John is defending his dissertation on Tuesday.3. We are forming a study group on the first day of class.4. I’m applying for financial aid to help pay my tuition and expenses.5. Ms. Wilson is correcting our essays over the weekend.1. The professor is coming.2. The professor is coming in a little while.th3. The Sahkespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet on the 17.4. 4. The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet.5. The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts.6. The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts during Spring Break.Using Intonation Clues1. I really wanted the new David Sedaris book. The professor in my contemporary lit class praised it all last semester. The bookstore hasn’t been able to get a single copy for the last month. Oh, well. Maybe I can find a copy on .2. I used the new computer registration system to charge my tuition on my credit card, and they totally messed it up. They were supposed to charge me $500 for the two art classes, and instead, it says that I’m enrolled in three history classes to the tune of $900. This is ridiculous!3. Today is my graduation day. I am done! Now, I can finally spend my weekends doing something other than cramming for exams and writing term papers. Yippee!4. This schedule is baffling. It says that English 90 is offered at both the midtown and downtown campuses, but the times are vague. Look here; does this nine mean AM or PM? Hmm,I’m stumped.5. Oh yeah. I absolutely recommend professor Ponz. She’s a real dilly, let me tell you. If you enjoy writing endless term papers on meaningless subjects, participating in class activities that have zero relevance to the topic of the course, she’s the teacher for you!sarcasticLesson 2Denise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART?Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costsa lot more.Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is?Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are youinter ested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’sthrow from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the univer sity. I’m sure that’s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley?St ranger: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five?That’s highway robbery for such a short distance!Den ise: You think that’s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherstit costs twice as much as that.Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth.Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take?Tom: Berkeley. WE take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right?Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one stop on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change trains.Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It’s 8:15.Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Franciscoafter 8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?th Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train will stop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house.Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time?th Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s atrain from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train right away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46.Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmondtrain to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you’ll have no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You’re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you’re not wearin g a ring.Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister’s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You’d better hurry so you don’t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern California’s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will bearriving.Exercise 3C1. How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That’s JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza.2. What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That’s Oxford Avenue to College Avenue.3. How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street? Again, that’s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.th4. How much is a round-trip ticket from 75 Street to Kentucky Street? That’s a round-tripthticket from 75 Street to Kentucky.th5. How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20 Street? Again, how muchthtime does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20 Street?6. You are at the Alabama Street station. It’s twelve noon and you just got on the train. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it’s twelve noon and you’re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7. What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again, what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8. What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminalarrive in Yonkers? That’s the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9. 9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM?10. How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that’s the time from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal.th11. Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do not stop at 125 Street? Again,thwhich trains do no stop at 125 Street going from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal?12. Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time will the next train from GrandthCentral Terminal arrive at 125 Street? Again, using the time now, when will the next train fromthGrand Central Terminal arrive at 125 Street?Part FourExercise 11. Was her flight from New York on time?2. Did you get the rental car information?3. Which bus do I take to go downtown?4. Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5. Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6. Are you going to call the travel agent today?7. How long do we have to wait for the next bus?8. Where are you going after the meeting?9. What did you do with your extra ticket?10. Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21. What time did the plane arrive?2. How often do you take the bus?3. Did someone meet them at the airport?4. Why didn’t she tell us she would be late?5. Who will pay for the extra ticket?6. Were you at the bus station yesterday?7. How far is it from here to New Jersey?8. Which bus do you think we should take?9. Whose purse was left on the bus?10. Are you meeting your brother at the bus station?Part FiveExercise 11. How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2. When is the next Yonkers train?3. Does this bus go to City Hall?4. How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5. Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6. Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7. What’s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8. Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?Exercise 2:1. The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2. The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminal in ten minutes.3.A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4. We’re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5. The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6. The next Fremont train will leave from platfor number 4 in halfan hour.Exercise 31. Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium?B: That’s $1.80 one way, but you can’t go directly there after6:00 PM. You’ll have to take a Lenox train at that hour and thentransfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station.,2Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave?B: Let’s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedule says that thatbus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it’s already 8:10. I’d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2. Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children?A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we’d like to get tickets from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?thB: We were thinking of going the week of June 15.A: Gook. That’s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. If you purchase your tickets thirty days in advance,it will only cost $240 round trip.B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There’s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let’s see, kids under twelve fly for half price and those under three can go for free.B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is one.thA: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights are open the week of the 15.Exercise 41. It’s really easy to get to school from my house by bus.2. Greenwich is very close to London.3. I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4. I leave my house each day at 8 am.5. WE’re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6. According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten mnutes.7. Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8. How much is a ticket to Baltimore an then back again?9. You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a #12.10. This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.Lesson 3Part Two Main DialogueExercise 1 Scanning for the Main IdeaRuth: Good morning, David, Wow, what happened to you?David: Hey, Ruth. Boy, do I need coffee. I was up till 2:30 last night for the second night in a row.Ruth: More trouble with the lovebirds?David: Yeah, good ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Ruth: Were they breaking dishes again?Davi d: No, I don’t think they have any dishes left after the last fight. They were yelling about his old girlfriend.Ruth: Haven’t you spoken to them/ I mean, don’t they know they’re keeping you up all night?David: I think when they’re fighting, they don’t ca re about anything else. I banged on the ceiling with a broom for about five minutes and they kept yelling.Ruth: They sound like very selfish people.David: You’ve got that right, Ruth.Ruth: Why don’t you just call the landlord?David: He doesn’t care if I’m unhappy. He wants me to move! I’ve lived in the building the longest, and with rent control, I pay half as much as they do. If I move, he can jack up the price.Ruth: What about the other neighbors? Can’t you all get together and complain?David: Are you kidding? I have had problems with everybody in that building! Rob and Steve, the people who live next door to Michael and Betty, crank-up the volume of their stereo at all hours of the night.Ruth: That’s terrible.David: yeah, those two guys are so busy throwing parties that they probably never even hear the fighting.Ruth: Well, there has to be someone in your building who youlike.David: There is Mrs. Anderson, the woman who lives below me. She’s 87 years old, as sweet as can be with a heart of gold. Unfortunately, she’s a little deaf and I’m sure she never hears any of the noise inthe building. Actually, as much as I like her, she’s also aproblem.Ruth: How so?David: Her niece phones from out of state every Sunday morning at 6:30 to check on her. Th e trouble is because she’s deaf, she screams into the phone, and it wakes me up.Ruth: Every Sunday?David: Yes, and the sound of her voice goes right up through the floor “Hello? Yes, dear. It’s so good to hear your voice.” She’s more reliable than an alarm clock!Ruth: Wow, that sounds like a real nightmare!David: It’s not her fault, poor old thing. She’s just very old and her health isn’t good.Ruth: I’m pretty lucky. The biggest problem I have is the garbage collectors waking me up at 5:30 in the morning three times a week when they empty the cans. But, I can usually fall asleep again after they leave.David: At least your neighbors put their garbage into the cans! Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson, is sometimes such a pig. He ever seems to throw away his garbage. Whenever I walk by his door I have to hold my nose.Ruth: Maybe you just need to start looking for a new place tolive.David: And give up my book?Ruth: Book? What book?David: I told you about my book, didn’t I? I’m writing a b ookabout a guy who lives in an apartment building with a bunch of crazy people. I hope it’ll be a big Hollywood movie someday.Ruth: That sounds fantastic, but can’t you write the book in a nice quiet apartment in another building?David: No way! Every week I get a new idea for a chapter from somebody in the building. If I move now, I’ll never be able to finish the book!Exercise 4 Vocabulary in ContextNarrator: 1. SENTENCEDavid: Yeah, good ‘ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: Yeah, good ‘ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Ruth: Were they breaking dishes again?David: No, I don’t think they have any dishes left after the last fight. They were yelling about his old girlfriend.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Yeah, good ‘ole Michael and Betty were at it again all night.Narrator: 2. SENTENCEDavid: If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: CONTEXTTom: He doesn’t care if I’m unhappy. He wants me to move! I’ve lived in the building the longest, and with rent control, I pay half as much as they do. If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: If I move, he can jack up the price.Narrator: 3. SENTENCERuth: How so?Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: Actually, as much as I like her, she’s also a problem.Ruth: How so?David: Her niece phones from out of state every Sunday morning at 6:30 to check on her. The trouble is because she’s deaf, she screams into the phone, and it wakes me up.Narrator: SENTENCERuth: How so?Narrator: 4. SENTENCEDavid: She’s mor e reliable than an alarm clock!Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: The trouble is because she’s deaf, she screams into the phone, and it wakes me up.Ruth: Every Sunday?Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Yes, and the sound of her voice goes right up through the floor. She’s more reliable than an alarm clock!Narrator: 5. SENTENCEDavid: Poor old thing.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: It’s not her fault, poor old thing. She’s just very old and her health isn’t good.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Poor old thing.Narrator: 6. SENTENCEDavid: Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig.Narrator: CONTEXTDavid: At least your neighbor put their garbage into the cans! Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig. He never seems to throw away his garbage. Whenever I walk by his door I have to hold my nose.Narrator: SENTENCEDavid: Art, the guy who lives next door to Mrs. Anderson is sometimes such a pig.Part Three ExpansionSection 1: Household FurnishingsExercise 1D1. Husband: Honey, I think it’s time we redid this room.Wife: Gee,I kind of like it the way it is.Husband: Oh, come on. Look at this floor—it’s totally scratched.It needs to be refinished or carpeted.Wife: Yeah, and while we’re at it, we might as well paint the wall around the fireplace. There are smoke stains all over it from last year’s Christmas party.Husband: Now you’re talking! Why don’t we wallpaper the otherthree walls in here too? Then if we get some new drapes and maybe a couple of lamps—Wife: Wait a second. T his is getting out of hand. Why don’t we just move the armchair over to cover the scratched floor and save ourselves a lot of money and trouble.2. Painter: Good morning. I’m from Daniel’s Paint-O-Rama.Woman: Oh, good. Com on in. Would you like some coffee?Painter: Maybe later. Now, have you decided on the color?Woman: I was thinking white might be nice.Painter: I wouldn’t have white in this room. It would get dirtypretty quickly.Woman: Couldn’t we use enamel paint? It’s easy to clean,right?Painter: But it smells horrible and takes a long time to dry. You wont’ be able to use this room until tomorrow.Woman: Oh, my. Well, I guess we could go to a restaurant…Painter: Why don’t you choose a color that goes with your linoleum?I could nix up a shade of latex semi-gloss that matches this blue.Woman: What about the latex semi-gloss in white? Couldn’t I wash that down if it got dirty?Painter: Yes, you could, but you’ll still have to do it more often than if you choose another color. And if you clean it too often, the finish will start to rub off.Woman: Maybe we’d better stick with the enamel then.3. Tenant: Look at the ceiling; it’s cracked and peeling over here; there’s a big water stain on the wall in the corner, and—Landlord: Okay, why don’t you get so me paint and fix it up andI’ll pay for it.Tenant: I don’t think that’s going to fix the problem. It’s happened before and I don’t feel like wasting my time and energy covering up problem that’s just going to happen again.Landlord: Well, I’m not sure wha t else you want me to do. I saidI’d pay to fix it.Tenant; I want you to find out what’s causing this!Landlord: Well, I’ll talk to Steven upstairs and warn him to be more careful in the future.Tenant: I don’t think Steven is the problem. The last time t his happened he wasn’t even home. Besides, he’s always been a considerate ndlord: Maybe you steam up the room yourself. That can cause a lot of chipping and peeling. A small room like this full of steam can do a lot of damage.Tenant: Look, don’t try to turn this around on me. I always leave the window and door open so it doesn’t steam up. Either you send someone over to repair this, or else I’ll get somebody and deduct the cost from the rent. It’s up to you.4. Meg: Tony? Tony? Tony!Tony: Huh? What?Meg: I can’t stand it. It’s freezing in here. Aren’t youcold?Tony: Well, turn the heat on.Meg: I tried. There’s no heat coming up.。
新世纪研究生公共英语听力lesson1到7课的听力原文
Lesson OnePassage 1 American MusicOne of America's most important exports is her modern music. American music is played all over the world. It is enjoyed by people of all ages in every country. Although the lyrics are in English, people who don't speak English can enjoy it too. The reasons for its popularity are its fast pace and rhythmic beat.Music has many origins in the United States. Country music, coming from the rural areas in the southern United States, is one source. Count music features simple themes and melodies describing day-to-day situations and the feelings of country people. Many people appreciate this music because of the emotions expressed by country music songs.A second origin of American pop music is the blues. It depicts mostly sad feeling reflecting the difficult lives of American blacks. It is usually played and sung by black musicians, but it is popular with all Americans.Rock music is a newer form of music. This music style, featuring fast and repetitious rhythms, was influenced by the blues and country music. It was first known as rock-and-roll in the 1950s. Since then, there have been many forms of rock music: hard rock, soft rock and others. Many performers of rock music are young musicians.American pop music is marketed to a demanding audience. Now pop songs are heard on the radio several times a day. Some songs have become popular all over the world. People hear these songs sung in their original English or sometimes translated into other languages. The words may differ but the enjoyment of the music is universal.Passage 2 Music in Different CulturesIn western culture, music is regarded as good by birth, and sounds that are welcome are said to be "music to the ears". In some other cultures, for example, the lslamic culture, it is of little value, associated with sin and evil, In the West and in the high cultures of Asia, it is said that there are three types of music. First classical music, composed and performed by trained professionals originally under the support of courts and religious establishments; second, folk music, shared by the population at large and passed on orally; and third, popular music, performed by professionals, spread through radio, television, records, film, and print, and consumed by the mass public.Music is a major component in religious services, theater, and entertainment of all sorts. The most universal use of music is as a part of religious rituals. In some tribal societies, music appears to serve as a special form of communication with supernatural beings, and its prominent use in modern Christian and Jewish servicesmay be the leftover of just such an original purpose. Another less obvious function of music is social adherence. For most social groups, music can serve as a powerful symbol. Members of most societies share keen feelings as to what kind of music they "belong to": Indeed, some minorities including, in the U.S.A., black Americans and Euro-American groups use music as a major symbol of group identity. Music also symbolizes military, patriotic and funerary moods and events. In a more general sense, music may express fifes central social values of a society. In western culture, the interrelationship of conductor and orchestra symbolizes the need for strong cooperation among various kinds of specialists in a modern industrial society. Passage 3Music comes in many forms; many countries have a style of their own. Poland has its folk music. Hungary has its czardas. Argentina is famous for the tango. The U.S. is known for just a type of music that has gained worldwide popularity.Jazz is American's contribution to popular music. While classical music follows formal European tradition, jazz is a rather free form. It is full of energy, expressing the moods, interests, and emotions of the people. In the 1920s jazz sounded like America. And so it does today.The origins of jazz are as interesting as the music itself. Jazz was invented by black Americans, who were brought to the southern states as slaves.They were sold to farm owners and forced to work long hours in the cotton and tobacco fields. The work was hard and life was short, When a slaver died his friends and relatives would gather and carry the body to have a ceremony before they buried him.There was always a band with them. On the way to the ceremony, the band played slow solemn music suitable for the situation. But on the way home, the mood changed. Spirits lifted. Everyone was happy. Death had removed one of their members, but the living were glad to be alive. The band played happy music. This music made everyone want to dance. This was an early form of jazz.Music has always been important to African-Americans. The people, who were unwillingly brought to America from West Africa, had a rich musical tradition. In the fields, they made up work songs. Singing made the hard work go faster. And when they accepted Christianity, these songs became lovely spirituals, which have become an everlasting part of American music.Lesson TwoPassage 1 Holidays in Britain and the UsPeople in the US get a two-week paled vacation from their job every year. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain that two weeks are not enough, especially when they hear about the longerholidays that Europeans enjoy. In addition, there are eight days in each European country, which are public holidays (the British call them Bank Holidays) and many of these fall on a Monday, giving people along weekend.What do people do in Britain and the US when they are on holidays? In the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example, at the Grand Canyon, Yellowstone or other national parks and forests. Young people may go walking or camping in the mountains. Many people have small trailers in which to travel, or if they have a car, they may stay at motets on the journey, Disneyland and Disneyworld are also popular. In addition, people can go skiing in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming and Montana. Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation from school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts. When Americans want a holiday for fun in the sun, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic interest.In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Black pool, Scarborough and Bournemouth, where there is plenty to do, even when it rains. People also like to go to the countryside, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake District. When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and the Spanish islands of Majorea and Lbiza are popular, as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps.Passage 2 Welcoming the New YearEvery country in the world celebrates New '(ear but not everyone does it on the same day. The countries of North and South America and Europe welcome the New Year on January l, This practice’ began with the Romans. Julius Caesar, a Raman ruler, changed the date of the New Year from the first day of March to the first day of January. In the Middle East, New Year is on the day when spring begins. People in China celebrate it on the Spring Festival, which is the first day of their lunar calendar. The Spring Festival usually comes between January 21 and February 19. Rosh Hashanah, which is the Jewish New Year, comes at the end of summer.In all of these cultures, there is a tradition of making noise. People made noise in ancient times to drive away the evil spirits from home. Today many people do it with fireworks. In Japan, people go from house to house making noise with drums and bamboo sticks. Young people in Denmark throw broken pieces of jars or pots against the sides of friends' houses.In the United States, many people stay up until midnight on New Year's Eve to watch the clock pass from one year to the next. Friends often gather together at a party on New Year's Eve, and when the New Year comes, all ring bells, blow horns,blow whistles, and kiss each other.In many European countries, families start the new year by first attending church service, which is followed by paying calls to friends and relatives. Italian boys and girls receive gifts of money on New Year's Day.New Year's Day is more joyful than Christmas in France and Scotland. In these countries Christmas is a religious holiday only, while the New Year is the time for gift-giving, parties, and visits.Passage 3 The Spring FestivalThe Spring Festival is the most important festival for the Chinese. It comes on the first day of the first month according to Chinese lunar calendar. It marks the beginning of a new year. It is also an occasion for family reunion. Family members and relatives get together to say goodbye to the old year and greet the new one. Guonian means "passing the year. People start preparing for it half a month before it comes. They clean their houses thoroughly, decorate them and even paint them; they buy new clothes for children, and they prepare food for the big feast on the eve of the festival. On the eve of the festival, the whole extended family comes together for a big dinner.Dumplings are a must for this festival dinner in northern China, while for southerners niangao - a sticky sweet rice pudding - is the traditional food for this occasion. People stay up until midnight chatting, playing mahjong or watching TV. At the turn of the old and the New Year, people used to let off firecrackers to greet the arrival of the New Year, In the old days people believed setting off firecrackers could drive away the evil spirits.But now, people make phone calls or send messages on mobile phones to exchange New Year's greetings. Early in the morning, children greet their parents and are given Hongbao - cash tucked inside red envelopes. The Lantern Festival, on the 15th of the first month according to the lunar calendar, is considered the formal end of the Spring Festival. It is an occasion of lantern displays and folk dances everywhere. One typical food is Yuanxiao - dumplings made of sweet rice rolled into balls with all sorts of filling. The Spring Festival is a national holiday. For most people, it lasts seven days. In the past, people stayed with their families at home. Few traveled during the holiday. Nowadays things have changed.Lesson ThreePassage 1 World Trade OrganizationEstablished on January l, 1995, World Trade Organization is the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). It exists to promote a free-market international trade system. The WTO promotes trade by:1. reducing tariffs;2. prohibiting import or export bans or quotas;3. eliminating discrimination against foreign products and services;4. eliminating other impediments to trade, commonly called "non-tariff trade barriers".The WTO currently has 134 member countries, accounting for over 90% of world trade. Over 30 0thers are negotiating membership. The WTO's top level decision-making body is the ministerial conference which meets at least once ever3r two years, Over three-quarters of WTO members are developing countries. Special provisions for these members are included in the WTO agreements. GATT is now the WTO's principal rule book.Decisions are made by the entire membership by consensus or majority vote. The WTO's agreements have been ratified in all members' parliaments. If a trade barrier is found to be unfair, the WTO can authorize the imposition of trade sanctions to force a change in that country's law. The WTO exempts trade barriers which are designed to conserve natural resources or protect health.Critics say the WTO agreements are skewed in favor of rich countries. The West may preach trade liberalization, but it has used negotiations to prize third world markets while keeping its own barriers intact.Passage 2President Jiang Zemin said on November 16, 2000 that in the development of a “New Economy”, it is essential to take advantage of the latest developments in science and technology. He made this address at the eighth informal meeting of leaders of the APEC forum. He explained that the "New Economy" refers to the kind of economy initiated and sustained by new technologies and hi-tech industries. "The advancement of technology, led by IT and bio-technology industries, is giving rise to a new industrial revolution", Jiang said.Developing countries are faced with the difficult tasks of both transforming their traditional industries and developing new industries, Jiang noted, adding that the continued expansion of the "digital dude" has widened the wealth gap between North and South and may trigger new imbalances in the world economy."Against the background of accelerated economic globalization and the dynamic progress of science and technology, we must facilitate cooperation between developed and developing countries on exchanges of human resources, technology and infrastructure, and we must help countries develop independently to narrow the North-South gap.""Today, the development, application and impact of science and technology far transcend national boundaries. For example, every major breakthrough made in the human genome projects a crystallization of cooperation between scientists from a number of countries. Only when applied in a global context can the achievements ofscience and technology benefit people", Jiang said. He also noted that economic globalization should stress the popularization of scientific and technological knowledge.The protection of intellectual property rights should be guided by market rules in such a way that the rules will be helpful to the spread of scientific and technological knowledge, so that all countries may benefit, he added.Passage 3 The American Economic SystemAn important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy, this mechanism is provided by a price system, a process in which prices rise and fall in response to the relative demands of consumers and the supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand, the price will be a bit up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If, on the other hand, producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost, this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers, which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus, price is the regulating mechanism in the American economic system.The important factor in an economy of private ownership is that individuals are allowed to own productive resources (private property), and they are permitted to hire labor, gain control over natural resources, and produce goods and sew ices for sale at a profit. In the American economy, the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights, including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.Lesson 4Passage 1 Higher Education in the United StatesSince 1945 more than one million students from all over the world have studied in the United States. In a recent single year, there were more than 150,000 foreign students who came to the United States' institutions of higher learning. They were welcomed and most were successful in their academic studies. Foreign students who study in the United States benefit a lot from the American educational system.Three developments that today's students are benefiting from started more than a century ago following the Civil War. The first of these was the rapid growth of technological and professional education to meet the urgent demands of a complex industrial and urban society. New schools of technology, engineering architecture, law and medicine flourished, The second was the provision for graduate study, suchas what had long existed in France and Germany. Harvard and John Hopkins Universities quickly took the lead in this field, but the state universities did not lag far behind. The third was the increased provision for the education of women. This included the establishment of new women's colleges, such as Vassar, Wellesley and Smith, and the adoption of co-education in all the new state universities as well as in many private institutions.These developments, the growth of technological and professional education, the provision for graduate study, and the increased educational opportunities for women, began over a century ago following the end of the Civil War.Passage 2 Education in CanadaCanada's per capita spending on education is among the world's highest. All provinces have compulsory education laws requiring that students attend school until the age of fifteen or sixteen, Elementary education includes kindergarten through the eighth grade. Canada's bilingual and bicultural heritage has had, and continues to have, a profound effect on the educational system. Since 1985, the province of Ontario has maintained publicly funded Roman Catholic and French-Language schools from kindergarten through the twelfth grade in addition to the English-Language schools. Saskatchewan and Alberta also support separate Roman Catholic schools. Quebec Province maintains a dual school system - Protestant and Catholic, each has its own school board.Higher education in Canada is offered in a variety of forms, Entrance requirements vary from one province to another. The traditional universities offer three-year general degree programs and four-year honors degree programs emphasizing a specialization. Seven of the universities are French-speaking while the others are English. All the traditional universities are concerned about the relationship between their curricula, the economy and society. Graduates in recent years have faced considerable difficulty in finding employment.The Canadian provinces maintain junior colleges, community colleges, and technical institutes. They provide a variety of courses, often short-term, that cater to individual interests. These include subjects of current events and calligraphy. Adult education has become increasingly oracular in Canada in recent years. Almost all institutions offer some adult education courses.Passage 3Millions of people are enrolled in evening adult education programs across America, Community colleges have become popular and their enrollments have increased rapidly. Large universities are offering more courses in the evenings for adult students. In this way, the demand for more education is being met. One reasonfor this is that many older people are changing their professions. They are looking for different careers. Another reason is that repair costs have increased, Adults are taking courses like plumbing and electrical repair. In this way they hope that the high costs for repairs can be avoided. Advanced technology is the most important factor for the rise in adult education. Engineers, teachers and business people are taking adult education classes. They have found that more education is needed to do their jobs well. Various courses are offered. Computers and business courses are taken by many adult students. Foreign languages, accounting and communication courses are also popular. Some students attend classes to earn degrees. Others take courses for the knowledge and skills that they can receive. The lives of many people have been enriched because of adult education.Lesson 5Passage 1 Housing Options in the United StatesFinding the right place to live in can help ensure a most rewarding experience in-the United States for international students. Depending on your situation: whether you are here alone or with a family, the duration of your stay, the amount of privacy you would like, anything from living on campus in a residence hall to private accommodation in a motel could suit your needs. As an ESL student, your housing may or may not be included in the study program. The basic choice to make is whether to live on or off campus. There are advantages and disadvantages to both.The advantages of living on campus are as follows: you will have a furnished room, easy access to campus facilities such as libraries, computer labs, sports facilities and cafeterias, access to social activities and peers, and maximum interaction with other students. Eating on campus is usually cheaper, and you don’t have to worry about transportation to and from classes. There are also some disadvantages. You may be sharing a bedroom with other students, so you will not have much privacy. You must be flexible when living with others.The advantages of living off campus are as follows: you will have privacy, more real world experiences, your own bathroom and kitchen facilities, and furnished rooms, It is possible to have visitors at any time and suitable for students with their families. However, there are some disadvantages. The rooms are not always furnished. Unless you are living with a host family, there is a lack of spontaneous social activities with people. And transportation is inconvenient. You may waste time rn transit to and from classes.Passage 2 Living on CampusAll students are required to live in the Residence Hall, which provides students with good opportunities to make friends, meet each other and enjoy a wonderfulcampus life. The Student Residence Hall is situated on the campus within short walking distance from the library, study rooms, computer science center and recreational facilities. Students will also have convenient access to the sea and other places of interest in the area. They will have quite a different life while walking along the beach, visiting places off-campus and looking for fun.At present, about 60 rooms are available and each accommodates 3 students. All rooms are fully furnished with bookshelves, cupboards, desks, one telephone, one TV and modern outlets. A shared washroom and bathroom are provided on each floor, and both have considerable facilities. There is a laundry with several washing machines on the first floor. Bedding is provided and each week a clean linen change will be arranged.A group of well-trained staff are responsible to see that all public areas are clean at all times. Security guards are always on watch on the first floor to answer questions and complaints and guarantee the safety of every resident.The Dining Hall is on the second floor of the building. Both students and the college faculty are encouraged to have meals in the College Dining Hall. Breakfast, lunch and supper are all offered and a great variety of nutritious and healthy Chinese foods also available.A small cafe is open everyday from 6:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. on the third floor. Here you can find a very romantic and elegant place for sampling western food, drinking coffee or other beverages and talking to friends. Both food and service are standard.Passage 3 Academic Levels and CreditsAcademic LevelsA first-year college or university student is commonly known as a "freshman", whereas "sophomore", "junio", and "senior" designate second-, third- and fourth-year students. Collectively, these students are called "undergraduates"; students in the first two years are called "underclassmen" and in the last two years "upperclassmen". Successful completion of four years of undergraduate study entitles the student to a bachelor's degree, which is the prerequisrte for admission to graduate school. Students who begin college studies in two-year colleges earn an associate's degree and may transfer to the appropriate level of a bachelor's degree program.CreditsUndergraduate academic progress in higher education in the United States is usually measured in units called "credits", -credit hours", or "points". In schools on the semester system a credit is defined as one hour of classroom instruction, or two or three hours of laboratory experience per week for a semester. Most studentsnormally take 15 0r 16 credits a semester, but some take 17 or 18.For instructions on the quarter system, a "quarter hour" of credit is defined in the same way, but based on the 10-week term as previously noted. Three quarter credits are therefore the equivalent of two semester credits and represent the same amount of academic accomplishment. The total number of credits taken in a term is often called the class load.Ordinarily 60 or 64 semester credits are required for a two-year associate degree and 120 to 128 credits for the four-year bachelors.Lesson 6Passage 1 The Sound of BirdsThe sound of birds can be divided into three types including singing, crying and voice imitating. Singing is normally a continuous multi-syllable melody uttered by the birds and controlled by sex hormones. Some sorts of singing are quite melodious and pleasant. During the breeding cycle, the changing and pleasant cries of male birds are typical songs. Singing is an important way for a bird to defend its territory, to pronounce it has occupied a place and to warn other birds not to enter the area. The singing variety of birds' songs are different and more complicated than their common cries, which mainly happen in the breeding cycle in spring and summer. Cries are not controlled by sex hormones and can be uttered by both male and female birds. Usually bird cries are short and simple. But they can mean a lot. They are used to communicate with one another and to warn one another about dangers. The cries of birds can express calling, waming, surprise and threat. Sometimes it is very difficult to distinguish crying from singing. Generally speaking, cries are not affected by the change of seasons and can be made by all birds. Crying is an important way for birds to communicate with one another. V oice imitating birds imitate the crying or voice of other birds. The biological cause of voice imitating is not clear even now and it is highly probable that it will take a long time for people to discover the mystery.Passage 2 Fun Facts about Giant PandasHigh in dense bamboo forests in the misty, rainy mountains of southwestern China lives one of the world's rarest mammals: the giant panda. Only about l,000 0f these black-and-white ralatives of bears survive in the wild.Pandas eat almost nothing but bamboo shoots and leaves. Occasionally they eat other plants, fish, or small animals, but bamboo accounts for 99 percent of their diets.Pandas eat fast, they eat a lot, and they spend about 12 hours a day doing it. The reason is very simple. They digest only about a fifth of what they eat. Moreover,bamboo is not very nutritious. The shoots and leaves are the most valuable parts of the plants, so that's what a well-fed panda concentrates on eating. To stay healthy, they have to eat a lot - up to 15 percent of their body weight within 12 hours - so they eat fast.There are many species of bamboo. Only a few of these grow at the high altitudes where pandas live today. A panda should have at least two bamboo species where it lives, or it will starve.Giant pandas used to be able to move quite easily from one mountaintop to another in search of food. Nowadays the valleys are mostly inhabited by people. Pandas are shy; they are afraid to go into areas where people live. This confines pandas to very finited areas. As people continue to farm, cut trees, and develop land higher and higher up the mountain slopes, the pandas' habitat continues to become smaller.And sometimes, when all the bamboo in their area dies off naturally, pandas starve because they're unable to move to new areas where other bamboo species thrive.Conservation organizations, Chinese govemment officials and scientists are continuing to work toward solving the panda isolation problem. Maintaining "bamboo corridors" - strips of peaceful land through which pandas can travel from mountain to mountain freely - is one of the many ideas that may help save the giant panda.Passage 3 HummingbirdsIf you are lucky enough, you may find the hummingbird, the smallest bird in the animal kingdom, in a South American forest.Though the hummingbird is not bigger than a bee and weighs only 2 or 3 grams, it can fly as fast as 50 meters in a second. It can fly forwards as most birds do, and it can fly backwards as well. The strangest thing about it, however, is that it can stay still in the air, just like a helicopter.Whenever a hummingbird needs food, it will fly slowly towards a flower. It won't stand on the flower, as bees would, but just hangs over the flower and then begins to suck the honey from inside the flower with its needle-like beak.The hummingbird is very particular in designing and building its nest. It takes great pains in choosing the right materials, preferring soft ones to hard ones. Its eggs are so small that a common match box can hold as many as one hundred of them. Lesson 7Passage 1 Art in HospitalsThe medical world is gradually realizing that the quality of the environment in。
研究生英语听说教程提高级教师用书(第四单元)
Unit 4 DietWoman: Oh, no thanks, I think I'm OK. Listen, is it OK with you if we ask for the check now? I know that we're still eating, but I'm ina bit of a hurry.Man: No, sure, it's fine. Thanks. Excuse me, can...uh...we have the check,please?Number ThreeMan: What is it?Woman: You know, I'm not sure. I think it's...chicken.Man: Nhn-nhn, I think it's beef.Woman: Ugh, the vegetables look very strange, don't they?Man: Oh, well, I'm not really very hungry.Woman: Oh, me neither.Man: I'll just taste it...You'll never guess!Woman: What?Man: It's fish. And the sauce is actually pretty good. I thought it would be bland , but it's not at all. Here ,try it. It's not bad. Woman: Oh, all right...Ugh! It's awful. It's too salty.Man: Well, I like it.Woman: Oh,now I need some more soda.I wish they'd come back with the drink cart again.Man: Here,have yourself some of mine.Then we'll ask the flight attendant for two more cans.Task 4Listening:You will hear two short conversations.Some people are ordering food at a restaurant.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Waiter: Are you ready to order,sir?Man: Yes,I think so.Darling?Woman: I'll have the vegetable soup to start...Waiter: The vegetable soup.And to follow,madam?Woman: The salmon with a salad.Waiter: And for you,sir?Man: I'll have the vegetable soup too,please.Waiter: Two vegetable soups.Man: And I'll have a steak,I think.Waiter: How would you like it, sir?Rare,medium,or well done?Man: Very rare--blue if you can.Waiter: Thank you very much,sir.Would you like to see the wine list?Waiter: Ready to order?Customer: Yes,I'd like the potato soup.Waiter: White or brown bread?Customer: White,please.Waiter: And to follow?Customer: Just a chicken salad,please.Waiter: And to drink?Customer: A mineral water.Waiter: Still or sparkling?Customer: Sparkling,please.Waiter: Ice and lemon?Customer: Both,please.Task 6Listening:You will hear five short extracts.What kind of food and/or drink are/is talked about in each of them?Listen to the recording and note down your answers to full in the table below.Extract 1A: Well,the results of the tests make it absolutely clear.You'll have to cut out dairy products completely.B: What?Everything?You mean cheese and yoghurt and butter...?A:Yes,I'm afraid so.And milk.You'll have to try a substitute like soya milk for tea and coffee if you really can't drink them black.Extract 2A: What's the food like in your family?B: It's great!Every morning we have cornflakes and toast and sometimes bacon and eggs.The only problem is that we have the evening meal very early.Often I am very hungry in the night.And the food where you're staying?How is it?A: Oh,the Wilsons,has lived in France for a long time,so they prepare a lot of typically French dishes.It's just like home.Extract 3A: Mobile Burgers.Simon speaking.Can I help you?B: Yes,I'd like a double cheese burger,no onion.A: Anything with that?B: Oh yeah.And some chips and a chocolate milkshake.A: What size chips?Small,medium or large?B: Oh actually I don't think I'll have the chips.A: OK.Address?B: 21 Walker Street.A: Fine.We'll be round in 15 minutes.Extract 4So if you don't have a microwave,you heat your coconut oil in a deeppot like this one until it's smoking slightly.It's good and hot now,I think.Throw your corn into the pot and put the lid on firmly,like this.Then turn the heat off under the pan and enjoy the sound of that corn popping!There it goes!Extract 5Right.I hear that some people have been taking food and drinks into the computer room.This is absolutely not...I repeat not...allowed.It's valuable equipment and it can be damaged very easily.A major problem was caused by someone spilling a bottle of water the other day...so no food and no liquids or the room will be closed unless a teacher is there to supervise.Task 7Listening:You will hear an interview with two people about their particular diet.Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear.Sam(I=Interviewer; S=Sam)I: Congratulations on winning the tournament,Sam.How do you feel? S: Oh,great!I: Are you going to celebrate?S: Definitely.I've been training non-stop for ages and I need a good night out.I: How do you train for a kick-boxing tournament like this?S: Basically,you have to live like a monk for weeks...I: Really?Aren't you allowed to go out?S: Yes,actually you can go out,but you can't drink or smoke and you have to be in bed by midnight.I: I guess that's quite difficult for a young guy like yourself.What other sacrifices do you have to make?S: Well, obviously you have trained every day, and the main thing for kick-boxing is to build up your stamina--so while I'm training I have to be quite strict with my diet.I: So what do you eat?S: Um, the first thing is cutting down on fat--no crisps or burgers.I'm not supposed to eat butter, but that's really hard because I really love it.Oh, and I mustn't drink too much caffeine.I: And what sort of things are good for you?S: High-fibre food, like brown rice and vegetables. Cranberry juice is good--loads and loads of fluid. That's really important.I: What about protein?S: Yeah, of course that's important,but meat tends to be very fatty--I try to stick to fish.Mushrooms are really good--I eat lots of mushrooms. Butcarbohydrates are as important as protein because I need the energy. I don't want to end up with enormous muscles.I: Talking of muscles, do you work out?S: Of course--that's part of the training. I work out every day, but I do quite a lot of aerobic exercise and not too much weight-lifting. For kick-boxing you have to increase your energy levels.I: What are you going to have for dinner now the competition's over? S: Steak and chips with loads of bread and butter, Coke to drink, followed by apple pie and cream. And a double expresso. No problem.I: A well-earned treat. Enjoy it! Thank you, Sam Davidson, the new kick-boxing champion--and now back to the studio.Catherine(C=Catherine; M=Mike)M: Catherine you look great in these photos.C: Oh,thanks. I had to go through hell to get into that wedding dress. M: What do you mean?C: It was too small.M: Why didn't you get one your size?C: Oh,it was my grandmother's--my mother wore it on her wedding day, and I really wanted to wear it on mine.M: Oh,I can see why--it's gorgeous. But the waist is minute!C: Tell me about it. I suffered for six months so I could wear it.M: How did you do it?C: Oh, well, you know this diet that all the Hollywood actors are doing? M: No--I thought they just had plastic surgery every time their body needed reshaping.C: Well, they probably do that as well--but there's this new diet. I don't think it's very healthy if you do it for a long time, but it really works. M: Is it the diet where you think of all the food you love and avoid it for six months?C: No--actually,it's amazing. Believe it or not, you can eat things like,em, roast chicken and steak and eggs and bacon, but you just can't eat any carbohydrates with it.M: No bread.C: No.M: What about pasta?C: No.M: Oh, I couldn't live without pasta.C: Mm, it was hard--I was dying for a nice plate of spaghetti.M: Did you have to exercise?C: Well, you know me--I'm not exactly sportswoman of the year. But I wanted to get rid of my stomach so I had to do situps every morning. Nightmare!M: How much did you lose?C: To be honest, I have no idea--the important thing to me was that I could put that dress on and look good in it.M: Are you still dieting then?C: No way--I love my food and dieting is so boring. Hopefully, I won't need to wear the wedding dress again anyway!Task 11Listening:You will hear an interview with someone about pleasures. He gives answers to the four questions above. Listen to the recording and complete the chart below with what you hear. Interviewer:"Pleasure is the beginning and the end of living happily."Those are the words of the Greek philosopher Epicurus, wholived 2,300 years ago. People have always tried to findpleasure and today we have many more pleasures than theAncient Greeks had. And yet we still don't know a lot aboutthis important part of life. Here in the studio is Dr.JonathanShamberg. Good evening, Dr.Shamberg.Dr.Shamberg: Good evening. It's a pleasure to be here.I: Yes, indeed. Well, what things give people most pleasure?D: We don't all enjoy the same things. Pleasure means different things to different people. Some people get pleasure from jumping out ofaeroplanes or driving at 200 kph. For others pleasure comes from relaxing in a hot bath or playing with children. Doing a crossword or repairing the car give other people pleasure.I: What's the purpose of pleasure? Why does it exist?D: Well, if pleasure didn't exist, we wouldn't exist. Pleasure is important for human survival. If we want to survive, we have to do three things--eat, have children, and get on with each other. If these things give pleasure, we want to do them. So we survive. That's why we get so much pleasure from food, being in love, and socializing.I: But what is pleasure?D: Pleasure is a chemical reaction in the brain. When we do something that we enjoy, endorphin and noradrenaline are produced. These stimulated pleasure centers in the brain.I: And is pleasure good for you?D: Oh, yes. The happier you are the longer you will live. But it isn't the great moments of pleasure that are important. Happy people enjoy the ordinary everyday things of life, like cooking a meal, going for a walk or chatting with a friend.I: I see. Well, let's talk some more about your research into pleasure...。
全新版大学英语听说教程4听力原文
全新版大学英语听说教程第四册听力原文（Part B，C 部分）Unit 1Part BBirthday Celebrations Around the WorldChairman: Welcome to this special birthday edition of One World. Yes, folks, we've been on the air for exactly one year now, and we thought it would be a nice idea to have a special program dedicated to birthday celebrations around the world. With us in the studio tonight we have Shaheen Hag and Pat Cane, who have a weekly column on birthdays in the Toronto Daily Star.Shaheen: Good evening.Pat: Good evening.Chairman: Shaheen, perhaps we could begin with you. How are birthdays celebrated in India?Shaheen: Well, perhaps we're all assuming that everyone in the world celebrates their birthday. This just isn't the case. Low-income families in India, for instance, simply can't afford any festivities. And most Muslims don't celebrate their birthdays.Pat: I think Shaheen has raised an interesting point here.The Christian church, too, was actively against celebrating birthdays, and in any case most people, until a couple of hundred years ago, couldn't even read and wouldn't have even been able to spot their birthday on a calendar anyway.Shaheen: Of course some Muslims do celebrate their birthdays. In Egypt, Turkey and Indonesia, for example, the rich people invite friends and families around. But not in small villages.Chairman: Here in England your twenty-first used to be the big one. But now it seems to have moved to eighteen. Is that true?Pat: Yes, in most parts of the West eighteen is now the most important birthday. In Finland, for example, eighteen is the age when you can vote, you know, or buy wines, drive a car and so on. But in Japan I think you have to wait till you're twenty before you can smoke or drink.Shaheen: I know in Senegal, which is another Muslim country, girls get to vote at sixteen and boys at eighteen. And in Bangladesh, girls at eighteen and boys at twenty-one. Chairman: That's interesting. I mean is it typical that around the world girls are considered to be more mature thanboys?Shaheen: Yes, I think so, and there are some countries, particularly in South America, which have a big party only for girls. In Mexico and Argentina, for example, they have enormous parties for 15-year-old girls.Pat: You know in Norway they have a great party for anyone who's not married by the time they're thirty. It's kind of embarrassing. I mean you get pepper thrown at you. Chairman: Pepper? Why pepper?Pat: I'm not really sure.Shaheen: So does that mean that on your 29th birthday you can start thinking 'God I better get married'?Pat: Well, I'm not sure how seriously they take it. Chairman: In England we have quite big parties for your fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth and so on.Pat: Well, in Japan your eighty-eighth is considered ... Chairman: Eighty-eighth?Pat: ... to be the luckiest birthday. Eight is a very lucky number in Japan.Part CUnit 2Part BLast Gasp for SmokersIt was a normal day and in their New York office, Ken and his colleagues stopped for their coffee break. But while his colleagues were able to sit at their desks and drink their coffee, Ken had to go outside. He couldn't stay inside, because he wanted to smoke. If the smokers of the Big Apple want to enjoy a cigarette, the authorities have decided they must go out into the street or up onto the rooftops. Throughout the United States, the number of places where people are allowed to smoke has gradually dwindled. First it was banned on trains, buses, and planes, then in public places such as theaters and airports. Now you can't smoke in any workplace. Nonsmokers are definitely winning the battle. "Why should we breathe their smoke?" they say. If they're lucky, smokers can still find some bars and restaurants or parks and recreation centers where they can light up a cigarette, but it may soon be banned there, too. In fact, smoking in parks and recreation centers is already banned in California. On August 9, 2019, Los Angeles City and County officials announced the implementation of a smoke-free park policy, officially designating smoke-free zones in all 375 parks and recreation centers in the city.And since January 1, 2019 all parks in California have become smoke-free to safeguard children from the harmful effects of secondhand tobacco smoke and dangerous tobacco waste. Anti-smoking groups even think that smoking ought to be banned in people's homes. Under new plans you won't be able to smoke in any house where there are more than ten visitors in a week, or where there are children.In 1996, nicotine was classed as a drug, like cannabis, cocaine or heroin. And scientists all over the world agree that exposure to secondhand smoke poses a serious health risk and there is no safe level of exposure. It is especially dangerous for children because when they are exposed to tobacco smoke, they have much higher rates of lung diseases such as bronchitis and pneumonia and are also at greater risks of developing asthma.In the country that gave tobacco to the world, smoking might one day be illegal. And then Ken will have to give up.Part CUnit 3Part BHow Our Memory WorksTry to imagine a life without a memory. It would be impossible. You couldn't use a language, because you wouldn't remember the words. You couldn't understand a film, because you need to hold the first part of the story in your mind in order to understand the later parts. You wouldn't be able to recognize anyone - even members of your own family. You would live in a permanent present. You would have no past and you wouldn't be able to imagine a future. Human beings have amazing memories. Apart from all our personal memories about our own lives, we can recall between 20,000 and 100,000 words in our own language as well as possibly thousands more in a foreign language. We have all sorts of information about different subjects such as history, science, and geography, and we have complex skills such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument. All these things and countless others depend on our memory. How well you remember things depends on many different factors. Firstly, some people naturally have better memories than others, in just the same way as some people are taller than others, or have different color eyes. Some top chess players, for example, can remember every move of every game that they have ever seen or played.Secondly, research shows that different things are stored in different parts of the brain. Ideas, words, and numbers are stored in the left-hand side, while the right-hand side remembers images, sounds, and smells. In most people one side of the brain is more developed than the other, and this may explain why some people can remember people's faces easily, but can't remember their names. Thirdly, we all remember exciting, frightening, or dramatic events more easily. This is because these experiences produce chemicals such as adrenaline, which boost your memory. They say that anyone who is old enough to remember knows exactly where they were on Tuesday, September 11, 2019, when radio and TV programs around the world were interrupted with the shocking news that the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York were hit.Fourthly, the context in which you learn something can affect how well you remember it. Tests on divers, for example, showed that when they learned things underwater, they could also remember those things best when they were underwater.Lastly, the more often you recall a memory the more likely you are to remember it. If you don't use it, you'lllose it. A telephone number that you dial frequently will stay in your memory easily, but you will probably have to write down one that you use only now and again.Part CUnit 4Part BEmbarrassing ExperiencesInterviewer: Rob, you went to Brazil, didn't you?Rob: Yes, I did.Interviewer: So, what happened?Rob: Well, I went into this meeting and there were about, er... seven or eight people in there and I just said 'Hello' to everybody and sat down. Apparently, what I should have done is to go round the room shaking hands with everyone individually. Well, you know, it's silly of me because I found out later it upset everyone. I mean, I think they felt I was taking them for granted.Kate: Well, I know that because when I was in France the first time, I finished a meeting , with 'Goodbye, everyone!' to all the people in the room. There were about half a dozen people there but I was in a hurry to leave, so I just said that and left. Well, I later found out thatwhat I should have done is shake hands with everyone in the group before leaving. Now, apparently, it's the polite thing to do.Interviewer: Well, people shake hands in different ways, don't they?Rob: Oh, yes, that's right, they do. See, normally I shake hands quite gently when I meet someone. So when I went to the US for the first time, I think people there thought my weak handshake was a sign of weakness. Apparently, people there tend to shake hands quite firmly.Kate: Oh, gosh, you know, that reminds me: on my first trip to Germany, it was a long time ago, I was introduced to the boss in the company when he passed us in the corridor. Well, I wasn't prepared, and I mean, I had my left hand in my pocket. And when we shook hands I realized my left hand was still in my pocket. Well, that was, you know, very bad manners and I was quite embarrassed.Interviewer: And how about using first names? Have you made any mistakes there?Rob: Oh, yes, I have! When I first went to Italy I thought it was OK to use everyone's first name so as to seem friendly. And I later discovered that in business you shouldn't usesomeone's first name unless you are invited to. Oh, and you should always use their title as well.Kate: Hm, yeah, well, when I met people in Russia, you know, they seemed to be puzzled when I shook hands with them and said 'How do you do?' Well, what they do when they greet a stranger is to say their own names, so I had that all wrong!Rob: Oh, yes, I agree with that. Remembering names is very important.Interviewer: Shall we take a break? When we come back we'll move on to our next topic.Kate & Rob: OK.Part CUnit 5 FriendshipPart BThe Hospital WindowJack and Ben, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room. Jack, whose bed was next to the room's only window, was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs. But Ben had to spend all day and night flat on his bed. To kill time the two men began to talk. They talked for hours about theirwives, families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, and where they had been on vacation. As days went by, a deep friendship began to develop between them.Every afternoon when Jack could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to Ben all the things he could see outside the window. And Ben began to live for those one-hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake. Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats. Young lovers walked arm in arm amid flowers of every color of the rainbow. Grand old trees beautified the landscape, and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.As Jack described all this in exquisite detail, Ben would close his eyes and imagine the picturesque scenes. One warm afternoon Jack described a parade passing by. Although Ben couldn't hear the band -- he could see it in his mind's eye as Jack portrayed it with descriptive words. Days and weeks passed. One morning the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find thelifeless body of Jack, who had died peacefully in his sleep. She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.Ben was heart broken. Life without Jack was even more unbearable. How he longed to hear Jack's voice and his melodious descriptions of the outside world! As he looked at the window, an idea suddenly occurred to him. Perhaps he could see for himself what it was like outside. As soon as it seemed appropriate, Ben asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the world outside. Finally, he would have the joy of seeing it for himself! He strained to slowly turn to look out the window beside the bed. It faced a blank wall!'What could have compelled my roommate to describe such wonderful things outside this window?' Ben asked the nurse when she returned.'Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you to live on,' she said. 'You know, he was blind and could not even seethe wall.' Part C。
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LESSON FOUR Finance PART A 1. W: I see a new bookstore has just opened on Main Street. M: It may be a new store, but the books are far from new. Q: Which one of the following is true according to the man?
2. W: Alice has been spending a lot of time at the library lately. M: Well. She's got a paper due and two final exams next week. Q: What has Alice probably been doing?
3. W: It's going to cost a fortune to get my car fixed. M: Why don't you just trade it in for a new one? Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
4. M: Winter is over at last. Time to pack up my gloves and boots. W: I've been waiting for this for months. Q: How do you interpret what the woman said?
5. W: How did the game go the other night? Did your team win? M: Are you kidding? That would be a first. Q: What does the man say about his team?
6. M: The tickets for that rock concert will go on sale next Saturday at five o'clock. W: I heard that anyone who wants one had better get there sooner than that. Q: What is the implication of the woman?
7. W: Your train will be ready for boarding in 15 minutes, Sir. Breakfast will be offered in the dinning car. M: Good. I'll have just enough time to send a fax before leaving. Q: What does the man plan to do next?
8. W: Shall I cut your hair for you? M: No way. Last time you almost made me bald. Q: What can be known from the conversation?
9. M: So my advisor wants me to take the creative writing class that meets on Wednesday instead of the Monday class, because the instructor for the Wednesday class is supposed to be great. But that means I have to spend a whole day on campus, every Wednesday. W: Well, but…especially in creative writing, the instructor can make a big difference in how much you get out of the class. Q: What does the woman imply the man should do?
10. M: Would you like to try the new sea food restaurant tonight? I hear it's very good. W: I have to give a presentation tomorrow, and I need to do a trial run. Q: What will the woman probably do tonight?
11. W: Ah-oh. Somebody left his wallet here. M: See if there is some kind of identification in it. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do?
12. W: Dr. Smith asked us to watch that special on the Civil War on TV this weekend. Do you want to come over Saturday night? M: Oh, I'm supposed to help my cousin move then. It's being rebroadcast on Sunday afternoon, though. Is that OK for you? Q: Why does the man suggest they should watch the TV programme on Sunday?
13. M: I don't know how I managed to break that platter. I'll be more than happy to buy you a new one. W: Forget about it. Some things just can't be helped. Q: What can be inferred about the woman , concerning the platter?
14. W: I wonder if there's a bus that goes by the museum. M: The history museum on Main Street? Take one of these with 8-A on the front. Q: What does the man mean?
15. M: It's pouring. We are never gonna make our flight if we don't leave soon. W: Oh, don't worry so much. I'm sure we'll get there in plenty of time. Q: What information can you get from the woman? Part B Passage I The GoldRush One day in 1848, a remarkable discovery was made by a carpenter named Marshall. He happened to pick up some bright yellow particles from the water near his sawmill. Not knowing what they were, he took them to his master Mr. Suffer. Sutter immediately realized the importance of the discovery and sent a man to San Francisco to inform the govemor of it so that he could get permission to found a settlement on both banks of the river. Unfortunately in the beginning, the man did not believe it. Only after a reporter from a weekly newspaper went to Sutter's sawmill to make a report, did the news spread all over the USA, and even to Europe. Within a month, thousands and thousands of people hurried towards California to search for the valuable metal. Soldiers deserted the army, sailors left their ships and all sorts of people gave up their jobs so as not to miss the chance of becoming rich. Large number of Europeans joined in the search, too. Crowds of people, ships and wagon trains rushed to the same destination. This was the California Gold Rush. While this went on, families were broken up, husbands were taken away from their wives and children from their parents. On their way