Cultural Topic 5
专业英语八级(听力)模拟试卷368(题后含答案及解析)
专业英语八级（听力）模拟试卷368(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the mini-lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Cultural Differences between East and West Good morning, everyone. Today I’d like to share with you one interesting topic, that is: cultural differences between East and West. But before we start, we have to look at an important question: What leads to the cultural differences? The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole. The origin of the Eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated by rivers. In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own styles. Then in the Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system. When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the base of European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the colonists of England settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t distinguish from the European one a lot. At the same time, the difference of the language systems adds to the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper. Other factors like human race difference count as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and the West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference from the other. Now, I’d like to discuss with you another question, that is: how differently do people behave in daily life? The differences are everywhere. They affect people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world. Even in everyday life, the cultural differences show up from the moment the eyes are opened to the minute the dreams are invited. In the following, I’ll give sometypical examples of the differences. First example: greeting. Greeting is the first step to form a culture, because people begin to communicate with others. The individuals become a community. How do we Chinese greet each other? Informally, if we meet a friend in the street, we are used to saying: “Hi, have you had your meal?” or “Where are you going?”When it is the case of two gentlemen, they tend to shake hands. However, in western countries, the above questions are just questions, not greetings at all. They may think you’re inviting them to dinner if you ask about their meals. Usually, they’ll just give each other a smile or greet with a “Hi.” They’ll shake hands only in some formal situations. By the way, Westerners can leave a party or meeting hall without a formal conge, nor should they shake hands with every attendee like most of us will do here. Second example: expressing gratitude. Think of the situations below. Your mother is busy in the kitchen. She suddenly asks you to fetch a bowl for her. You do so. What’ll your mother’s response be? Probably she’ll just continue doing the cooking. After a while, the dinner is ready. Your mother hands you your bowl of rice. What’s your response? Probably just begin to eat. That’s what I want to say. In Chinese families, we rarely say “Thank you” to other family members for receiving help or service. Neither will we say so between good friends. It’s such an unpopular response that if you say it, the counterpart will think you are treating him as a stranger, otherwise you are lacking intimacy. But in the West, “thank you” is one of the most frequently used sentences. Teachers will thank a student for answering the question: husbands will thank his wife for making a coffee. However, as an interesting phenomenon, it’s a custom to say “thank you” in Japan. No matter in family or among friends, Japanese chronically use it all day. This is probably the aberrance of the culture. After the above discussions, now there is another question, that is: what can we do to treat the culture gap? Now we have seen that there exists such a huge gap between eastern culture and western one. Then what should we do to face this gap in the gradually globalizing world? Firstly, we cannot deny any of the cultures. Every nation has its own characteristics and it’s mainly through its culture that we first begin to know the nation and its characteristics. So we cannot say that this culture or custom is right and that is wrong. Equal respect should be attached to every culture in the world, even to those that are not in existence any more. Next, we should get to learn how to coordinate the different cultures. We say the world is becoming smaller and smaller. More foreigners come and go everyday. When it is in the same country, the same city, the same neighborhood, the cultural collision is expected to be more serious. So we should try to avoid this happening. One important thing is to get some basic knowledge about the other cultures so as not to misunderstand some actions or habits of the foreigners. When the above two are done, we can start to communicate. I mean we can take in some strong points from the foreign cultures. Though there doesn’t exist correctness in terms of culture, it does have the terms of more advanced or more suitable for the world nowadays. Of course, we cannot throw away our own culture and accept another one totally. Every culture is a treasure to the history of the Earth, so we should only pick out those we lack to perfect our own. To conclude what we have discussed today: first we have provided you with the underlying reasons of cultural differences, after that, we havepresented you with several specific examples to further prove this. Finally we have explained the differences from several perspectives. Last but not least, we should remember that different cultures add the most colorful element to the world of the 21st century. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle to the civilization of human beings. It ought to be the motivation of going farther.Cultural Differences between East and West I. Factors leading to the cultural differencesA. Different culture 【T1】______ 【T1】______—Eastern culture:a)China: Yellow Riverb)India: 【T2】______ 【T2】______—European culture:a)Base: Ancient Greece and Ancient Romeb)European culture crossed over the 【T3】______ 【T3】______B. Different language systems—Eastern: mostly belonging to pictographic language—Western: mostly based on 【T4】______ 【T4】______C. Other factors:—different 【T5】______ 【T5】______—infrequent 【T6】______between the East and West 【T6】______a)far distance and the steep areab)no 【T7】______ from each other 【T7】______II. Different behavior in people’s daily lifeA. 【T8】______ 【T8】______—the Chinese greeting:a)questions about whether you have your meal or notb)questions about where you are goingc)two gentlemen greet with 【T9】______ 【T9】______—the Western greeting:a)with a smile or with a “Hi”b)shaking hands only in formal situationsB. Expressing gratitude—the Eastern way:a)rarely say “Thank you”, otherwise, you’re 【T10】______ 【T10】______b)an exception: 【T11】______ 【T11】______—the Western way:a)thank you is the most 【T12】______ phrases 【T12】______III. How to handle culture gapA. No 【T13】______ any of the cultures 【T13】______—every nation has its own 【T14】______ 【T14】______—we should pay equal respect for each cultureB. Learning how to coordinate different cultures by avoiding 【T15】______ 【T15】______C. Starting to communicate by taking in strong points from the foreign cultures1．【T1】正确答案：origins／／sources解析：录音开篇就指出讲座的主题是东西方文化差异。
跨文化交际(含教案)(高中英语选修课)
跨文化交际一、课程基本信息1、课程中、英文名称：跨化交文际、Cross-cultural Communication2、课程类别：专业专选课程3、课程学时：18学时4、学分：2分二、课程的目的与任务：跨文化交际作为一门学科涉及到文化和交际的各个层面，包括语言交际、非语言交际、人们之间的相互交往，以及不同文化之间的观念和信仰等。
该课程的目的在于通过不同文化差异的比较研究，分析跨文化交际案例，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性，提高不同文化语境中语言交际的能力，从而更好地适应不同文化环境。
使学生了解其他文化的社会文化习俗和价值观念；在语言学习的同时，更多关注相关国家的文化，特别是通过与本族文化的对比，提高跨文化交际能力，以适应社会发展和国际交流的需要,增加跨文化交际意识，并最终形成跨文化交际能力。
三、课程的重点和基本要求：（一）课程的重点本课程教学的重点是增强学生对跨文化交际中文化差异的敏感性，帮助学员解决在跨文化交际中因文化的差异而产生的种种问题。
通过典型实力分析，模拟交流联系，交际失误分析，英汉双向练习等多种形式，使学生认识语言，文化和交际三者之间的关系，加深对对象国文化的了解，掌握在处理跨文化交际中一些微妙问题时所需要的基本知识和技巧，提高跨文化交流的质量。
（二）．基本要求：1、了解跨文化交际研究的范围和目前发展的动向。
2、掌握跨文化交际研究的基本方法，并运用来解决一些实际问题。
3、奠定向该学科研究纵深发展的理论基础。
四、教学内容及要求本课程以语言学习为前提，强调在语言学习的过程中提高利用外语进行跨文化交际的能力，通过对交际与语言，语言与文化，文化与价值观的学习和讨论，提高跨文化交际意识；通过对文化现象的思考和讨论，反思语言学习过程，增加对文化差异的敏感性；通过课堂活动和案例学习，提高跨文化交际意识和能力，达到有效交流的目的。
1．通过学习，学生能够了解语言及非语言交际在跨文化交际中的重要作用及应用规则。
关于文化自信的演讲稿英语版
关于文化自信的演讲稿（英文版）IntroductionLadies and gentlemen,Good morning! I am honored to stand before you today and deliver a speech on the topic of cultural confidence. Cultural confidence refers to the belief and pride in one’s own culture and the ability to effectively communicate and interact with people from different cultural backgrounds. In today’s global society, cultural confidence is of great significance as it promotes mutual understanding and respect among countries and helps build a harmonious world. In this speech, I will discuss the importance of cultural confidence and provide some suggestions on how we can enhance it.Body1. The Importance of Cultural ConfidenceCultural confidence plays a crucial role in cultural exchanges and the development of a nation. It enables a nation to showcase its unique traditions, arts, and values to the world, thereby deepening mutual understanding among different cultures. Moreover, cultural confidence empowers individuals and communities to preserve their cultural heritage and identity, fostering a sense of belonging and unity within a society. It also contributes to economic growth and social cohesion, as cultural industries and tourism thrive on the promotion of cultural diversity and heritage.2. Challenges to Cultural ConfidenceDespite the importance of cultural confidence, there are challenges that hinder its development. Globalization, while bringing about opportunities for cultural exchange, also leads to the dominance of certain cultures over others. Consequently, people may feel a sense of cultural inferiority or even lose touch with their own traditions and values. In addition, cultural conflicts and misunderstandings can arise due to stereotypes, prejudice, and ignorance, further eroding cultural confidence.3. Enhancing Cultural ConfidenceTo enhance cultural confidence, we need to take proactive measures at both individual and societal levels. Here are some suggestions:i. Education and AwarenessEducation plays a vital role in enhancing cultural confidence. Schools should incorporate cultural studies into their curriculum to provide students with acomprehensive understanding of their own culture as well as other cultures. Efforts should be made to promote cultural diversity, tolerance, and respect within educational institutions. Additionally, raising awareness through cultural events, exhibitions, and festivals can contribute to the preservation and appreciation of different cultures.ii. Cultural Exchange ProgramsParticipating in cultural exchange programs can broaden one’s horizons and build cultural confidence. Governments, NGOs, and educational institutions should encourage and support such programs where individuals can interact with people from different cultures, engage in dialogue, and learn from each other’s traditions and practices.iii. Cultural Policy and SupportGovernments play a crucial role in fostering cultural confidence. They should develop cultural policies that promote and protect cultural diversity, heritage, and artistic expressions. Investing in cultural industries, preserving historical sites, and funding cultural activities and initiatives are essential to strengthen cultural confidence within a society.iv. Media and TechnologyThe media and technology platforms have a significant influence on shaping cultural perceptions. It is essential to encourage responsible and balanced reporting, ensuring that various cultures are portrayed accurately and respectfully. Promoting digital platforms that highlight and celebrate diverse cultures can also contribute to the cultivation of cultural confidence.ConclusionIn conclusion, cultural confidence is essential for individuals and societies to thrive in today’s interconnected world. By embracing and celebrating our own culture while respecting and understanding others, we can foster mutual respect, harmony, and cooperation among diverse cultures. It is through cultural confidence that we can build a vibrant and inclusive global society where cultural diversity is valued and celebrated. Let us work together to cultivate cultural confidence and create a better future for all.Thank you!。
中学生英语演讲稿 非物质文化遗产范文
中学生英语演讲稿非物质文化遗产范文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Hello everyone, my name is Lily and I'm a middle school student. Today I want to talk to you about intangible cultural heritage.Intangible cultural heritage is all about traditions and practices that have been passed down from generation to generation. It includes things like dances, songs, rituals, and even recipes. These things are important because they help us understand where we come from and who we are as a people.One example of intangible cultural heritage is the traditional dance of my hometown. It's a special dance that has been performed for hundreds of years during festivals and celebrations. It's a way for us to connect with our ancestors and show our pride in our culture.Another example is the traditional music that is played during certain ceremonies. The melodies and rhythms have been handed down through the years and are a way for us to honor our history and our ancestors.It's important for us to preserve these traditions and practices because they are what make us unique. They are a way for us to pass on our culture to future generations and keep our heritage alive.So let's not forget the importance of intangible cultural heritage. Let's continue to celebrate and honor our traditions so that they can be enjoyed by many more generations to come. Thank you.篇2Hey guys, do you know what intangible cultural heritage is? It's like all the cool stuff that people do, like traditions, dances, music, and even food that are passed down from generation to generation. Today, I want to talk to you about the importance of protecting and preserving intangible cultural heritage.First of all, intangible cultural heritage is super important because it's part of our identity. It's what makes us unique and special. Just think about all the traditional songs, dances, and stories that have been passed down in your family or community. They tell a story about who you are and where you come from. If we don't protect and preserve them, we could lose a big part of who we are.Secondly, intangible cultural heritage is also important because it brings people together. Have you ever been to a festival or celebration where everyone is singing, dancing, and eating together? It's a great way to bond with others and create a sense of community. These traditions and practices help us connect with each other and create memories that last a lifetime.Lastly, intangible cultural heritage is like a treasure that we need to pass on to future generations. Imagine if your grandparents never taught you their traditional recipes or dances. It would be such a shame to lose those valuable traditions. By preserving and protecting intangible cultural heritage, we can ensure that our children and grandchildren will be able to enjoy and appreciate them too.So, let's all do our part to protect and preserve intangible cultural heritage. Whether it's learning a traditional dance, sharing family recipes, or participating in cultural events, we can all contribute to keeping our heritage alive. Together, we can ensure that these special traditions continue to thrive for generations to come. Thank you!篇3Hello everyone, my name is Lucy and I'm a middle school student. Today, I want to talk to you about intangible cultural heritage. What is intangible cultural heritage, you may ask? Well, it's all the traditions, rituals, music, dance, and other cultural expressions that have been passed down from generation to generation.One example of intangible cultural heritage is traditional folk music. In many countries, folk music has been a way for people to express their feelings, tell stories, and celebrate important events. By preserving and promoting traditional folk music, we can keep our cultural heritage alive and pass it on to future generations.Another example is traditional dance. Whether it's a traditional dance from a specific region or country, or a dance that has been performed for centuries, traditional dance is a way for people to connect with their roots and express themselves. By learning and performing traditional dances, we can celebrate our cultural diversity and keep our traditions alive.Intangible cultural heritage is incredibly important because it helps us understand where we come from, who we are, and where we are going. It connects us to our ancestors and our communities, and it enriches our lives in so many ways. So let'sall do our part to preserve and promote intangible cultural heritage, so that future generations can continue to enjoy and learn from our rich cultural traditions.Thank you for listening!篇4Hello everyone, I'm so excited to be here today to talk to you about intangible cultural heritage. I know it might sound like a boring topic, but trust me, it's actually super cool!So, what is intangible cultural heritage anyway? Well, it's basically all the traditions, practices, knowledge, and skills that have been passed down from generation to generation. It's the stuff that makes a culture unique and special.One example of intangible cultural heritage is traditional dances. Just think about all the different types of dances that have been performed for centuries, like the Chinese dragon dance or the Irish step dance. These dances are not just about moving your body, they also carry the history and stories of a culture.Another example is storytelling. Back in the old days, people used to gather around the fire and listen to tales of heroes andmystical creatures. These stories were not written down, but passed down orally from one person to another. It's amazing to think that these stories are still being told today, keeping the heritage alive.But here's the thing, intangible cultural heritage is at risk of disappearing. With modernization and globalization, many traditional practices are being forgotten. That's why it's so important for us to learn about and preserve intangible cultural heritage.We can do this by participating in cultural activities, learning traditional skills, and sharing our knowledge with others. By doing so, we can ensure that these precious traditions continue to thrive for generations to come.So, let's all do our part to protect and promote intangible cultural heritage. Let's celebrate the diversity and richness of our world's cultural heritage. Thank you for listening!篇5Hi everyone! Today I want to talk to you about non-material cultural heritage. Non-material cultural heritage is all the things that make up our culture that you can't touch or see, like music, dance, stories, and traditions. It's super important to preserveour non-material cultural heritage because it's what makes us who we are.One great example of non-material cultural heritage is traditional music and dance. These are passed down from generation to generation and are a way for us to connect with our ancestors. Think about how cool it is to dance the same dance that your great-grandparents danced!Another example is traditional stories and legends. These stories teach us important lessons about life and our history. By sharing these stories with others, we keep our culture alive.Traditional crafts and skills are also a big part ofnon-material cultural heritage. Things like weaving, pottery, and woodworking are important skills that have been passed down for centuries. It would be such a shame if these skills were lost!In conclusion, non-material cultural heritage is a big part of who we are and it's our job to preserve it for future generations. So let's all do our part to learn about and celebrate our cultural heritage. Thank you!篇6Hello everyone, I'm so excited to be here today to talk to you about intangible cultural heritage! I know it's a big phrase, but don't worry, I'm here to explain it to you in a fun and easy way.Intangible cultural heritage is all about the traditions, customs, and practices that have been passed down from generation to generation. It's the things that make a culture unique and special, like traditional dance, music, crafts, and even storytelling.One example of intangible cultural heritage is the Chinese art of calligraphy. This beautiful and elegant form of writing has been practiced in China for thousands of years. It's not just about writing words, it's about expressing emotions and capturing the beauty of the written language.Another example is the Maasai people of Kenya and Tanzania, who have a rich tradition of storytelling through song and dance. Their performances are not just for entertainment, but also to pass down their history and values to the younger generations.By preserving and promoting intangible cultural heritage, we can help to celebrate diversity, foster creativity, and strengthen social cohesion. It's important for us to learn about and respectthe traditions of others, as it helps us to appreciate the richness of our world.So let's all make an effort to learn about and celebrate intangible cultural heritage in our own communities and around the world. Together, we can help to preserve these valuable traditions for future generations to enjoy. Thank you for listening!篇7Hello everyone,Today I want to talk to you about non-material cultural heritage. Non-material cultural heritage includes things like traditions, customs, music, dance, and even storytelling. These things are important because they help to keep our culture alive and connect us to our ancestors.One of the non-material cultural heritages that is important to me is traditional Chinese dance. My grandma used to tell me stories about how she would dance with her friends during festivals and special occasions. She even taught me some of the moves! I love dancing and it makes me feel close to my grandma and our culture.It's important to remember that non-material cultural heritage is not just something from the past. We can also create new traditions and customs that will be passed down to future generations. So let's cherish our non-material cultural heritage and always remember where we come from.Thank you for listening!篇8Hello everyone! Today I want to talk about non-material cultural heritage. My teacher told me that non-material cultural heritage refers to traditions, practices, expressions, knowledge, and skills that are passed down from generation to generation without physical objects. It can be things like music, dance, storytelling, rituals, and even language.One example of non-material cultural heritage is traditional Chinese calligraphy. It's a really cool art form where people use special brushes and ink to write beautiful characters. It's been around for thousands of years and it's a way for people to express themselves and connect with their history.Another example is Japanese tea ceremonies. In Japan, there's a whole ceremony around making and serving tea that'sbeen practiced for centuries. It's not just about drinking tea, it's about respect, mindfulness, and connecting with others.I think non-material cultural heritage is super important because it helps us understand where we come from and who we are. It's a way for us to connect with our roots and with each other. So let's all try to learn more about our own cultural heritage and appreciate the diversity of traditions around the world. Thank you for listening!篇9Hey guys! I'm so excited to talk to you today aboutnon-material cultural heritage. What is that, you ask? Well,non-material cultural heritage refers to all the traditions, customs, and practices that have been passed down from generation to generation. It's all the cool and unique stuff that makes our culture special and different from others.Think about it – things like traditional dances, folk songs, storytelling, and even traditional crafts are all part of ournon-material cultural heritage. These are the things that make us who we are and connect us to our ancestors. It's like a big, awesome puzzle that we are all a part of.But here's the thing – non-material cultural heritage is at risk of disappearing. With the rise of technology and globalization, many of these traditions are being forgotten or pushed aside. That's why it's so important for us to learn about, appreciate, and preserve our cultural heritage.So what can we do to protect our non-material cultural heritage? Well, first and foremost, we need to learn about it! Talk to your grandparents, go to cultural events, and read up on your heritage. Share what you learn with your friends and family, and encourage them to do the same.We can also participate in cultural activities, like learning a traditional dance or trying our hand at a traditional craft. By actively engaging with our cultural heritage, we can keep it alive and pass it on to future generations.In conclusion, our non-material cultural heritage is a precious and unique part of who we are. It's up to us to protect and preserve it for the future. So let's celebrate our culture, learn about our heritage, and keep the traditions alive. Thank you for listening!篇10Hello everyone! Today I want to talk to you about intangible cultural heritage. Do you know what that means? Well, it's all the traditions, knowledge, and skills that have been passed down from generation to generation. It's like our cultural treasure!Think about the traditional songs, dances, and festivals in your community. These are all part of our intangible cultural heritage. It's what makes us unique and connects us to our past.But why is it important to preserve our intangible cultural heritage? Well, first of all, it helps us understand where we come from and who we are. It also promotes cultural diversity and strengthens social cohesion.We need to do our part to protect and promote our intangible cultural heritage. So, how can we do that? We can learn about our traditions and share them with others. We can also participate in cultural events and support local artists and performers.Remember, our intangible cultural heritage is like a treasure chest full of wonderful things. Let's cherish it, protect it, and pass it on to future generations. Thank you for listening!。
Topic 1 Culture, Communication and Intercultural Communication (跨文化交际)
Patterns of communication
Upward communication (sending information from people at a lower level to people at a higher level in an organization)
1) new technology and information systems
2) changes in the world‘s population 3) a shift in the world‘s economic arena
1) new technology and information systems Transportation systems: Tourism boomed (tourism is one of the fastgrowing industries in the world)
available in 210 countries, 28.5million households view it in an average week.
The expasion of WWW and the Internet computer network. The benefits & drawbacks of Internet.
Pre-class discussion
Give an example of a(co)-cultural behavior that you do not understand. See if anyone in the class can explain it to you.
高一英语必修二unit5作文范文
高一英语必修二unit5作文范文Living in the 21st century, the ability to communicate in English has become essential. With the increasing globalization of the world, English has established itself as the lingua franca, connecting people from across different regions and cultures. As a high school student, mastering English is crucial for both academic success and future career opportunities. In Unit 5 of the required textbook for high school students, there are various topics related to English communication skills. In this essay, I will discuss the importance of these topics and how they can benefit students in their English learning journey.The first topic covered in Unit 5 is "Cultural Differences." Understanding different cultures is key to effective communication, as it helps us navigate social interactions with sensitivity and respect. By learning about cultural differences, students can avoid misunderstandings and miscommunication, thus promoting a harmonious exchange of ideas and experiences. This topic also allows students to expand their worldview and develop a deeper appreciation for diversity.The second topic in Unit 5 is "Making Suggestions and Giving Advice." This skill is essential in both academic and professional settings, as it allows individuals to offer constructivefeedback and guidance. By mastering this skill, students can enhance their communication abilities and establish themselves as effective communicators. Moreover, the ability to make suggestions and give advice demonstrates empathy and support for others, fostering strong relationships and teamwork.The third topic, "Describing Trends and Changes," is crucial for students to understand the dynamic nature of society and the economy. By learning how to analyze and interpret data, students can make informed decisions and predictions based on trends. This skill is particularly valuable in the business world, where keeping up with market changes is vital for success. Additionally, describing trends and changes encourages critical thinking and problem-solving skills, preparing students for the challenges of the future.The final topic in Unit 5 is "Expressing Agreement and Disagreement." The ability to express agreement and disagreement respectfully is essential for effective communication. By mastering this skill, students can engage in meaningful discussions and debates, exchanging ideas in a respectful manner. This topic also reinforces the importance of critical thinking and logical reasoning, encouraging students to defend their opinions with evidence and sound arguments.In conclusion, Unit 5 of the high school English textbook covers a range of topics that are crucial for students in their English learning journey. From understanding cultural differences to expressing agreement and disagreement, these topics provide valuable insights into effective communication and interpersonal skills. By mastering these skills, students can enhance their academic performance, as well as prepare themselves for future career opportunities in a globalized world.I encourage all high school students to engage actively with Unit5 and apply these skills in their daily lives to become confident and proficient English communicators.。
2024年人教版七年级英语下册期末考试卷(附答案)
2024年人教版七年级英语下册期末考试卷(附答案)一、选择题：5道（每题1分，共5分）1. Which of the following is a correct way to ask for permission in English?A. Can I go to the bathroom?B. I want to go to the bathroom.C. May I use the bathroom?D. I need to go to the bathroom.2. Which of the following is a correct way to say "I don't like" in English?A. I like not.B. I don't like.C. I like no.D. I not like.3. Which of the following is a correct way to say "How old are you?" in English?A. What age are you?B. How old is you?C. How old are you?D. What age is you?4. Which of the following is a correct way to say "I havea brother" in English?A. I has a brother.B. I have a brother.C. I am a brother.D. I am have a brother.5. Which of the following is a correct way to say "I can swim" in English?A. I can swims.B. I can swim.C. I can to swim.D. I can swim to.二、判断题5道（每题1分，共5分）1. True or False: "Can I go to the bathroom?" is acorrect way to ask for permission in English. ( )2. True or False: "I don't like" is a correct way to say "I don't like" in English. ( )3. True or False: "How old is you?" is a correct way to say "How old are you?" in English. ( )4. True or False: "I have a brother" is a correct way to say "I have a brother" in English. ( )5. True or False: "I can to swim" is a correct way to say "I can swim" in English. ( )三、填空题5道（每题1分，共5分）1. The correct way to ask for permission in English is "__________".2. The correct way to say "I don't like" in English is "__________".3. The correct way to say "How old are you?" in English is "__________".4. The correct way to say "I have a brother" in English is "__________".5. The correct way to say "I can swim" in English is "__________".四、简答题5道（每题2分，共10分）1. How do you ask for permission in English?2. How do you say "I don't like" in English?3. How do you ask "How old are you?" in English?4. How do you say "I have a brother" in English?5. How do you say "I can swim" in English?五、应用题：5道（每题2分，共10分）1. Write a sentence using the phrase "Can I go to the bathroom?".2. Write a sentence using the phrase "I don't like".3. Write a sentence using the phrase "How old are you?".4. Write a sentence using the phrase "I have a brother".5. Write a sentence using the phrase "I can swim".六、分析题：2道（每题5分，共10分）1. Analyze the structure of the sentence "Can I go to the bathroom?" and explain its meaning.2. Analyze the structure of the sentence "I have a brother" and explain its meaning.七、实践操作题：2道（每题5分，共10分）1. Roleplay a conversation where you ask for permission to go to the bathroom.2. Roleplay a conversation where you say "I don't like" something.八、专业设计题：5道（每题2分，共10分）1. Design a poster advertising a school event using English vocabulary and phrases from the textbook.2. Create a dialogue between two characters using new vocabulary words from the unit.3. Write a short story incorporating at least three new grammar structures learned in the unit.4. Design a worksheet with fillintheblank exercises using vocabulary from the unit.5. Create a presentation on a cultural topic related to the unit, including visuals and a script.九、概念解释题：5道（每题2分，共10分）1. Explain the concept of past tense in English and provide an example.2. Define the term "modal verb" and give an example ofits use in a sentence.3. Describe the difference between "some" and "any" and provide examples of when to use each.4. Explain the use of "have to" and "must" in English and provide examples.5. Define the term "countable noun" and give an example of its opposite, "uncountable noun."十、思考题：5道（每题2分，共10分）2. What are some strategies for improving your English vocabulary?3. How can you use English in your daily life to practice your language skills?5. How can you use English to express your opinions and ideas effectively?十一、社会扩展题：5道（每题3分，共15分）1. Discuss the importance of learning English in today's globalized world.2. How can English be used as a tool for social change and empowerment?4. How can you use English to learn about different cultures and traditions?5. Discuss the role of technology in language learning and how it can be used to improve English proficiency.一、选择题答案：1. C2. B3. C4. B5. B选择题主要考察学生对基础词汇和语法结构的掌握程度。
跨文化交际复习Unit-3
2. Daily Verbal Communication
In daily verbal communication, there are many routine ways one must observe in order to maintain smooth cross-cultural interaction. Being unaware of the difference, intercultural communication break-down occurs here and there. With some knowledge of the basic cultural difference, one is likely to survive in other cultures.
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ---- English Proverb
Warm-up：Case study
Case 1--- Have you had your lunch?/ Where are you going?
Case 2 --- Twelve cups of tea Case 3 --- Sitting Down Case 4 --- Li Hongzhang’s Embarrassment
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Intercultural Communications
2012-2013
Contents
Unit 1 Communication Across Cultures --- An Introduction Unit 2 Culture and Communication Unit 3 Daily Verbal Communication Unit 4 Verbal Communication Unit 5 Language and Culture Unit 6 Nonverbal Communication Unit 7 Cultural Differences Unit 8 Intercultural Adaptation
文化的差异与相同英文作文
文化的差异与相同英文作文英文：Cultural differences and similarities are a fascinating topic to explore. I believe that understanding these differences and similarities can help us to appreciate and respect other cultures.One major cultural difference that I have noticed is the concept of personal space. In Western cultures, people tend to have a larger personal space and may feel uncomfortable if someone stands too close to them. However, in many Asian cultures, such as in China, people are more accustomed to standing closer to each other and may notfeel the same discomfort.Another difference is the way people express their emotions. In some cultures, it is common to be very expressive and open about one's feelings, while in others, people may be more reserved and keep their emotions tothemselves. For example, in American culture, it is often encouraged to express oneself and be open about emotions, while in Japanese culture, people may be more reserved and stoic.Despite these differences, there are also many similarities across cultures. For example, the value of family is universal. In both Western and Eastern cultures, family is considered to be extremely important, and people often prioritize spending time with their loved ones.In addition, many cultures also share similar values such as respect for elders, the importance of education,and the celebration of holidays and traditions. For example, in both Chinese and American cultures, there is a strong emphasis on respecting elders and valuing their wisdom and experience.中文：文化的差异与相同是一个非常有趣的话题。
《新编跨文化交际英语教程》复习资料U5
Unit 5Culture and Verbal CommunicationSome Ideas Related to verbal communication and culture1. Different orientations to communication patternsEast Asian orientation1. process orientation — communication is perceived as a process of infiniteinterpretation2. differentiated linguistic codes — different linguistics codes are used dependingupon persons involved and situations3. indirect communication emphasis — the use of indirect communication is prevalent and accepted as normative4. receiver centered — meaning is in the interpretation, Emphasis is on listening, sensitivity, and removal of preconception.North American orientation1. communication is perceived as the transference of messages2. Less differentiated linguistic codes — linguistic codes are not as extensively differentiated as East Asia3. Direct communication emphasis — direct communication is norm despite the extensive use of indirect communication4. sender centered — meaning is in the message created by the sender. Emphasis is on how to formulate the best message, how to improve source credibility and delivery skills2. Direct and Indirect Verbal Interaction StylesThe tone of voice, the speaker’s intention, and the verbal content reflect our way of speaking, our verbal style, which in turn reflects our cultural and personal values and sentiments.Verbal style frames “how” a message should be interpreted. The direct-indirect verbal interaction dimension can be thought of as straddling a continuum. Individuals in all cultures use the gradations of all these verbal styles, depending on role identities, interaction goals, and situations. However, in individualistic cultures, people tend to encounter more situations that emphasize the preferential use of direct talk, person-oriented verbal interaction, verbal self-enhancement, and talkativeness. In contrast, in collectivistic cultures, people tend to encounter more situations that emphasize the preferential use of indirect talk, status-oriented verbal interaction, verbal self-effacement, and silence.The direct and indirect styles differ in the extent to which communicators reveal their intentions through their tone of voice and the straightforwardness of their content message. In the direct verbal style, statements clearly reveal the speaker’s intentions and are enunciated in a forthright tone of voice. In the indirect verbal style, on the other hand, verbal statements tend to camouflage the speaker’s actual intentions and are carried out with more nuanced tone of voice. For example, the overall . American verbal style often calls for clear and direct communication. Phrases such as “say what you mean,” “don’t beat around the bush,” and “get to the point” are some examples. The direct verbal style of the larger . culture is reflective of its low-context communication character.3. Person-Oriented and Status-Oriented Verbal StylesThe person-oriented verbal style is individual-centered verbal mode that emphasizes the importance of informality and role suspension. The status-oriented verbal style is a role-centered verbal mode that emphasizes formality and large power distance. The former emphasizes the importance of symmetrical interaction, whereas the latter stresses asymmetrical interaction.The person-oriented verbal style emphasizes the importance of respectingunique, personal identities in the interaction. The status-oriented verbal style emphasizes the importance of honoring prescribed power-based membership identities. Those who engage in status-oriented verbal interaction use specific vocabularies and paralinguistic features to accentuate the status distance of the role relationships ., in parent-child interaction, superior-subordinate relations, and male-female interaction in many Latin American cultures). While low-context cultures tend to emphasize the use of the person-oriented verbal style, high-context cultures tend to value the status-oriented verbal mode.4. Self-Enhancement and Self-Effacement Verbal StylesThe self-enhancement verbal style emphasizes the importance of boasting about one’s accomplishments and abilities. The self-effacement verbal style, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of humbling oneself via verbal restraints, hesitations, modest talk, and the use of self-deprecation concerning one’s effort or performance.For example, in many Asian cultures, self-effacement talk is expected to signal modesty or humility. In Japan, when one offers something to another person such as a gift or a meal that one has prepared, verbal self-deprecation is expected. There are set expressions for verbal humility such as “It’s not very tasty” and “It’s nothing special.” The hostess who apologizes to her guests that “There is nothing special to offer you” has probably sent the better part of two days planning and preparing the meal. Of course the guest should protest such a disclaimer and reemphasize her or his gratitude. Self-effacement is a necessary part of Japanese politeness rituals.In the . culture, individuals are encouraged to sell and boast about themselves, for example, in performance review or job interview sessions, or else no one would notice their accomplishments. However, the notion of merchandizing oneself does not set well with the Japanese. In Japan, one does not like to stand out or be singledout, even by others; it is far worse to promote oneself.In many Asian cultures, individuals believe that if their performance is good, their behavior will be noticed, for example, by their supervisors during promotion review situations. However, from the Western cultural standpoint, if my performance is good, I should document or boast about it so that my supervisor will be sure to take notice. This difference is probably due to the observer-sensitive value of the Asian, high-context communication pattern, as opposed to the sender-responsible value of the Western, low-context interaction pattern.We should note that the pattern of verbal self-effacement cannot be generalized to many Arab or African cultures. In Egypt, for example, a popular saying is “Make your harvest look big, lest your enemies rejoice”. Effusive verbal self-enhancement is critical to the enhancement of one’s face or honor in some large power distance Arab cultures.Reading IUnderstanding the Culture of Conversation Comprehension questions1. What made the author feel learning to converse in Mexico City was easier for him/her in one way, more difficult in anotherIt's easier because Mexicans service the relationship and they care about everyone in the conversation. But their conversation doesn‘t move in a straight line, drifting around both in the topic and in the way they use words.2. Why did the Mexican customer slide into the topic of the full eclipse of the sunFor the Mexican, the conversation starts with one topic, but if another interesting topic seeps in he or she will ride it around for a while. Sticking to the first topic is less important than having an interesting conversation.3. What did the American businessman feel about the Mexican‟s way ofconversationFor the American, a conversation should have a topic, and he wants to take a straight line through it from beginning to end. So he felt very impatient about the Mexican‘s way of conversation.4. What “conversational ideal” was represented by the example of a championship skier who was interviewed on TVThe Swedish conversational ideal is to response in a concise manner without elaborating specific details, especially those for self-promotion. .5. What problems are likely to occur if an American talks with a SwedeThe American may feel totally lost in the conversation since he or she would not get as much information from the Swede as he or she has expected.6. What are the differences between Anglos and Athabaskans in conversationThere are a lot differences between them. For instance, at the beginning of a conversation, Anglos almost always speak first. Athabaskans think it is important to know what the social relationship is before they talk with someone. There is another difference in how long one should talk. Athabaskans tend to have longer turns when they talk with each other, but Anglos expect shorter turns.7. Is it enough just to learn to speak in grammatically correct manners when one learns a foreign language What else does he or she also need to knowIt is far from enough just to learn to speak in grammatically correct manners when one learns a foreign language. One also has to know about the culture of using the language in social life, things like who talks first, who talks next, who opens and closes conversations and how they do it, in order to be able to use the language in culturally appropriate manners.8. In what ways are Chinese similar to or different from the Americans, Mexicans and SwedesIt seems that we Chinese are somewhat similar to Mexicans in the way we are having a conversation. Unlike Americans, we do not usually move in a straight line in a conversation and may also care much about the other‘s feeling.Reading IIThe Way People SpeakComprehension questions1. Why didn‟t the American openly disagree with the ItalianIn general, the American did not enjoy verbal conflicts over politics or anything else.2. What are the differences between “high involvement” style and “high considerateness” styleMany people from cultures that prefer ―high involvement styles tend to: (1) talk more; (2) interrupt more; (3) expect to be interrupted; (4) talk more loudly at times; and (5) talk more quickly than those from cultures favoring ―high considerateness styles. On the other hand, people from cultures that favor ―high considerateness styles tend to: (1) speak one at a time; (2) use polite listening sounds; (3) refrain from interrupting; and (4) give plenty of positive and respectful responses to their conversation partners.3. How do New Yorkers and Californians perceive each other because of their differences in conversational styleTo some New Yorkers, Californians seem slower, less intelligent, and not as responsive. To some Californians, New Yorkers seem pushy and domineering.4. What does the author think is the reasonable way to react to cultural differencesWe should know that the way the other speaks may be different from our way of speaking because he or she must have had a different cultural upbringing. We shouldn‘t judge the other according to our own standards of what is an acceptablecommunication style.5. How to determine whether a culture favors a direct or indirect style in communicationOne way to determine whether a culture favors a direct or indirect style in communication is to find out how the people in that culture express disagreement or how they say, ―No.6. On what occasions do American women tend to be more direct than menWhen talking about emotional issues and feelings, American women tend to be more direct than men.7. What are the goals of indirect communicationIndirect communication aims not to be angering, embarrassing, or shaming another person. Instead, it aims to be saving face and maintaining harmony in general.8. How is “Ping-Pong” conversational style different from “Bowling” styleIn an American ―Ping-Pong‖ conversation, one person has the ball and then hits it to the other side of the table. The other player hits the ball back and the game continues. Each part of the conversation follows this pattern: the greeting and the opening, the discussion of a topic, and the closing and farewell. However, in a Japanese ―Bowling‖ conversation, each participant waits politely for a turn and knows exactly when the time is right to speak. That is, they know their place in line. In Japanese conversation, long silences are tolerated. For Americans, even two or three seconds of silence can become uncomfortable.Case StudyCase 17When these two men separate, they may leave each other with very differentimpressions.Mr Richardson is very pleased to have made the acquaintance of Mr Chu and feels they have gotten off to a very good start. They have established their relationship on a first-name basis and Mr Chu‘s smile seemed to indicate that he will be friendly and easy to do business with. Mr Richardson is particularly pleased that he had treated Mr Chu with respect for his Chinese background by calling himHon-fai rather than using the western name, David, which seemed to him an unnecessaryimposition of western culture.In contrast, Mr Chu feels quite uncomfortable with Mr Richardson. He feels it will be difficult to work with him, and that Mr Richardson might be rather insensitive to cultural differences. He is particularly bothered that, instead of calling him David or Mr Chu, Mr Richardson used his given name, Hon-fai, the name rarely used by anyone, in fact. It was this embarrassment which caused him to smile. He would feel more comfortable if they called each other Mr Chu and Mr Richardson. Nevertheless, when he was away at school in North America he learned that Americans feel uncomfortable calling people Mr for any extended period of time. His solution was to adopt a western name. He chose David for use in such situations.Case 18Even if the American knew Urdu, the language spoken in Pakistan, he would also have to understand the culture of communication in that country to respond appropriately. In this case, hehad to say ―No at least three times.In some countries, for instance, the Ukraine, it may happen that a guest is pressed as many as seven or eight times to take more food, whereas in the UK it would be unusual to do so more than twice. For a Ukrainian, to do it the British way would suggest the person is not actually generous.Indeed, British recipients of such hospitality sometimes feel that their host isbehaving impolitely by forcing them into a bind, since they run out of polite refusal strategies long before the Ukrainian host has exhausted his/her repertoire of polite insistence strategies.Case 19Talking about what‘s wrong is not easy for people in any culture, but people in high-context countries like China put high priority on keeping harmony, preventing anyone from losing face, and nurturing the relationship. It seems that Ron Kelly had to learn a different way of sending message when he was in China. At home in Canada he would have gone directly to the point. But in China, going directly to the problem with someone may suggest that he or she has failed to live up to his orher responsibility and the honor of his or her organization is in question. Inhigh-context cultures like China, such a message is serious and damaging. Inlow-context cultures, however, the tendency is just to ―spit it out, to get it into words and worry about the result later. Senders of unwelcome messages use objective facts, assuming, as with persuasion, that facts are neutral, instrumental, and impersonal. Indirectness is often the way members of high-context cultures choose to communicate about a problem.Case 20It seems that the letters of request written in English as well as in Chinese by Chinese people are likely to preface the request with extended face-work. To Chinese people, the normal and polite way to form a request requires providing reasons that are usually placed before the requests. Of course, this is just the inverse of English conventions in which requests are fronted without much face-work. In the view of the English-speaking people, the opening lines of Chinese requests and some other speech acts do not usually provide a thesis or topic statement which will orient the listener to the overall direction of the communication. Worst of all, the lack of precision and thefailure to address the point directly may lead to suspicions that the Chinese speakers are beating around the bush. To them, the presence of a clear and concise statement of what is to be talked about will make the speech more precise, more dramatic, and more eloquent.However, the Chinese learning and using English in communication may find it difficult to come to terms with the common English tendency to begin with a topic statement. In the Chinese culture, stating one‘s request or main point at the beginning would make the person seem immodest, pushy, and inconsiderate for wanting things. If your speech gives others the impression that you are demanding something, you would lose face for acting aggressively and not considering the others.Thus you‘d be hurting people by claiming something for yourself.In such a situation, it is usually considered a smart strategy if you carefully delineate the justifications that will naturally lead to your request or argument. Therefore, instead of stating their proposition somewhere in the beginning and then proceeding to build their case, Chinese people often first establish a shared context with which to judge their requests or arguments. Only after carefully prefacing them with an avalanche of relevant details, as if to nullify any opposition, will they present the requests or arguments.。
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Cultural Topic 5Perceptions of ChinaWhere do we get perceptions of China from?Do people all have the same perceptions of China?How entrenched are these perceptions?What do people think the Chinese people look like?What sort of personalities are the Chinese people assumed to have?What do people think the Chinese people eat?What do people think about the Chinese language?Which hobbies and interests are thought to be common among Chinese people? Which Chinese entertainment is popular in these countries?Which Chinese people are famous in these countries?Which religions are thought to be common in China?Where do people think the Chinese people live?What do people think the economy is like in China?What sort of influence is China seen to have on the world?1Where do we get perceptions of China from?o There are many sources of perceptions about different countries, for example:o Of these, some have more influence than others. With regards to China, relatively few people have been to China, learned about it in school or experienced a lot of Chinese entertainment.Therefore more ‘serious’ things like the news and non-fiction books about politics, historyand society have a much greater influence on people’s perceptions of C hina than they do onpeople’s perceptions of a ‘less foreign’ country, such as another English-speaking country,Mexico or a western European country.Do people all have the same perceptions of China?o Of course not. However, opinion about China is more homogenous in English-speaking countries than it would be about a ‘less foreign’ country because China is less understoodthan these countries.How entrenched are these perceptions?o It is generally the case that there is an indirect relationship between h ow strong people’s opinions about a country are about something and how easy it is to change these opinions.o In general, people’s opinions about China are not very strong. It is still seen as a rather mysterious country therefore opinions are probably not deeply entrenched with regard to most things.Note: All of the following questions’ answers start with “Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…” because they are what some people think rather than facts. As a Chinese person, maybe you will agree with some of these points and maybe you will disagree with some of them. That’s the point! They are beliefs and stereotypes, and not all beliefs and stereotypes are facts.What do people think the Chinese people look like?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o They are short, thin, lightly built and have ‘thin’ eyes. In short, they all look ‘oriental’.o They basically look the same as people from Japan, the Koreas and South East Asia.o They traditionally wore straw hats. Most men wore a Mao suit in the past.o In today’s China, people wear clothes that are fairly similar to the people in English speaking countries, although they perhaps dress a bit more conservatively.2What sort of personalities are the Chinese people assumed to have?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o Chinese people are rather conservative and introverted, meaning that they don’t easily reveal what they think and do not find it easy to accept new ideas. The exception to this is inbusiness, where they are seen to be very modern and forward-thinking.o They are also rather studious, especially in subjects related to maths, and are keen to learn.o They take things seriously. Chinese people are not well known for having a strong sense of humour or making a lot of jokes.o They are perhaps a little bit geeky.o Chinese people may be rather quiet when with people who they don’t know but they are also very loyal to their friends and their family and place a lot of importance on these relationships, especially family relationships. Furthermore they do not usually cause trouble for others. Inshort, they would make very good neighbours or friends.What do people think the Chinese people eat?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o Some common foods in China include:o Chopsticks are always used to eat food.o Chinese food is very healthy and not very spicy.What do people think about the Chinese language?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o It is made up of a lot of symbols which are all simplified drawings of things.o It is difficult to learn. In fact, it is often said to be the hardest language to learn.o It contains a lot of ‘ch’, ‘sh’, ‘ang’, ‘ing’ and ‘ong’ sounds, and is generally not very easy to pronounce for native English speakers.o It is a very old language and is very intricate.Which hobbies and interests are thought to be common among Chinese people?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o Some common hobbies and interests include:o Overall, they don’t have too much free time though because of the demands of work.3Which Chinese entertainment is popular in these countries?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o Very little entertainment from China becomes popular in the English-speaking countries.Music, computer games and TV shows from China are all basically unknown in thesecountries.o Some of China’s books are slightly famous, such as ‘The Art of War’, ‘Analects’ and ‘Journey to the West’.o There are a very few films from China that are famous. The most famous is ‘Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon’.o In general, entertainment from China is not that entertaining.Which Chinese people are famous in these countries?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o The following people are famous, although not all of them have the same level of fame: ∙Confucius∙Sun Tzu（孙武）∙Yao Ming∙Jackie Chan∙Bruce LeeAng Lee （李安）∙John Woo（吴宇森）∙Li Na∙Mao Zedong/Mao Tse-tung∙Zhou Enlai/Chou En-lai∙Xi Jinping4Which religions are thought to be common in China?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o China is not a very religious country but the most common religions are:Where do people think the Chinese people live?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o The following situations all appear to be true at different times:∙Most Chinese people live in modern cities full of the latest technological innovations.∙Most Chinese people live a rural life in a village where life hasn’t changed much in the last few decades and people are rather poor.∙Most Chinese people live in slightly drab cities that are clearly in the developing world and are not as pleasant as most cities in English-speaking countries.What do people think the economy is like in China?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think t hat…o It is booming. China is growing at a fast rate. China will soon become the biggest economy in the world and, in some people’s eyes, is already the most influential economy in the worldbecause of this expected future growth.o The economy relies on exporting a lot of cheap, low-quality products to developed countries.o There are a lot of large scale projects, such as fast railways and skyscrapers, being built at the moment and these projects are usually done quickly and successfully.o The Chinese economy was once a traditional planned economy but now it isn’t. It’s not clear when and how much things changed though.What sort of influence is China seen to have on the world?Quite a high number of people in English-speaking countries think that…o Economically, China is a double-edged sword. For some of the English-speaking countries, especially Australia, it is a huge new market full of people who might want to but things from these countries. And in aftermath of the economic crisis a large and fast growing country isthe perfect customer who should be eagerly welcomed. On the other hand, for all of theEnglish-speaking countries China’s low costs of production and high levels of copying are a threat to economic stability. There is a fear that China is ‘stealing’ jobs from these countriesand is not ‘playing by the rules’ of fair economic competition.o China’s hard and soft power is thought to be increasing and this is something that quite a lot of people are uncomfortable with. Some people fear that as China gets more powerful it might want to try to ‘control’ some other countries in the long-term. China is the latest in a long line of countries that are seen as a ‘threat’ by some people in these countries.o China’s perceived influence can be seen from the annual Globescan/BBC international poll:5New and Useful VocabularyhomogenousMao suitintrovertedfortune cookiespring rollSzechuan porkkung pow chickensweet and sour chickenprawn toastplanned economyhard powersoft power6。