专四50组近义词辨析
在学习英语词汇中, 有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的,我们一般从三方面进行区分,即:语 法、语义和文体。 语法主要是词性、 搭配、 句式等的区分; 语义主要是词义的本义、 引申义、 比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。 1. 路 way: Wherever there is room for an object to proceed, there is a way. road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles. path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals. route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over many roads. street: A street is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or village, when it passes between houses of dwellings. avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and imposing( 庄严 ) or principal street.
2. 时代(期) (时期) period: It indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an extent of time of any length. ( 时代 ) time(s): It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time ( 新时代 ) epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind. The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind. ( 纪元 ) era: It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution ( 时期 ) age: It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age, Iron Age
3. 战斗 (打仗 ) fight: It is a bodily struggle ( 奋斗 斗争 ) struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty. ( 战斗 ) battle: A fight between armed forces. ( 战役 ) campaign: A series of related military operations in a war. ( 战争 ) war: A period of fight between countries or states when weapons are used and many people are killed.( 对抗 ) combat: A fight, conflict, controversy.
4. 牧师 (教士 牧师 ) # priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies, in the Christian church, esp. in the Roman Catholic church ( 牧师 ) minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant churches. (牧师 ) clergy(pl): The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple. clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of clergy. ( 牧师 ) pastor: A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members, esp. in a Protestant church. ( 教区牧师 ) vicar: A priest in charge of an area(parish) in the church of England. father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman Catholic.
5. 服装 clothing(collect): (fml) General term of clothes. clothes(no single): Coverings of the body such as coats, dresses, suits, shoes, hats. garment(fl): A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing. costume: 1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation, class, period, etc. 2) A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all members of the community. dress:
1) A kind of outer garment worn by women ( 连衣裙 ). 2) worn on special occasions ( 礼服 ) evening dress/ morning dress suit: A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suit coat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain, heat, etc. overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street. 6. 哭 cry: The most general one. ( 哭泣 ) weep: To let flow tears. ( 抽泣 抽嗒 ) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths. ( 哭天抹泪 涕泪交流 ) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner. ( 哭嚎 又哭又闹 ) blubber: To cry loudly noisily. ( 发出低声报怨声 ) whine: To make a low complaining cry. ( 嚎哭 ) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense). ( 痛哭 ) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow. ( 呻吟 ) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow. ( 呻吟 ) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval ( 哀悼 ) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died. ( 哀悼 ) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.
7. 美丽 漂亮 good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things. beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather. handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsome fellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man. pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music, lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely. fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair. gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.
英语专四易混近义词词汇辨析
英语专四易混近义词词汇辨析英语专四的基础是词汇,因此考生要注意对专四词汇的了解与掌握。
下面,店铺为大家整理了一些英语专四易混近义词词汇辨析,希望对大家有所帮助。
recall, remember, remind, recollect这组词都有“(使…)想起”之意。
recall意为“想起”,强调有意识地去“回忆,回想”,常与can, could等词连用,强调一次性回忆。
remember表示“想起”,指事物自然地在记忆中出现,不强调努力或意志。
remind表示“使…想起”,指人受到一定媒介的启发或提醒而慢慢地唤起对往事的记忆,常用在remind sb.of sth.的结构中。
recollect意为“回想”,指把已经遗忘的事情重新想起,强调回忆过程。
I can’t recall having met him before.我记不起以前曾见到过他。
I suddenly remembered I had left the book in the library.我突然想起我把书忘在图书馆了。
Your telling me that story reminds me of another.你给我讲的故事使我想起了另一个故事。
She thought back and tried to recollect the exact wording of the letter.她回忆着,试图回想起那封信的准确字眼。
shift, move, remove, transfer这组词均含有“移动,转移”的意思。
shift含有“轻易地更动”或出于不正当的动机把罪过“转”到他人身上的意思。
move应用范围很广,其中主要意思是“从一处移到另一处”。
remove意为“拿开,移动,消除”,强调离开原来的、正常的地方或职位等做一种新的、有时是暂时的安排或改变。
该词还含有把不利的东西“取消”的意思。
transfer意为“调动,移交”,强调从一处转到另一处。
英语专业四级考试同义词词语解析
最新英语专业四级考试同义词词语解析学源于思,思源于疑。
小疑那么小进,大疑那么大进。
以下是为大家搜索的最新英语专业四级同义词词语解析,希望对正在关注的您有所帮助!更多精彩内容请及时关注我们!jump: The most general one. to throw oneself into the air.(跳起)leap: (literary) To spring through the air, often landing in a different place.The boy leaped over the brook without difficulty.(跳跃) spring: To leap suddenly and quickly.He sprang to his feet at the sudden noise.(跳着跑) bound: To spring lightly along.It suggests high spirits and excitement.His dog bounded to meet me.(轻快地跑) skip: To move in a slight dancing way, aswith quick steps and jumps.The little girl skipped at her mother's side.hop: To jump on one leg.The boy had hurt his leg and had to hop along.vault: To leap over something using the hands or a pole.You can vault a fence by putting your hands on it and swinging yourself over.hurdle: To jump over some thing while running.The horse hurdled the fence and ran into the woods.increase: To make or bee larger in amount or number.it refers to quantity or intensity as well as size.The population of this county has increased.add: To put together with something else so as to increase thenumber size, importance.He added some wood to increase the fire.(扩大) enlarge: To grown larger or wider.I want to enlarge this photograph/house.(放大) magnify: To make something appear larger than in reality, esp. by means of a lens.You have magnified the peril.(扩充) amplify: To make large or fuller, esp. give fuller information, more details etc.to amplify a radio signal/sound.augment: (fml) To bee larger or greater.It emphasizes the action of addition.He augmented his ine by writing some short stories.(扩展扩张) expand: To increase in range scope or volume as well as in size. Iron expands when it is heated.(加长) extend: To make longer in space or time, to extend a railway.Can't you extend your visit for a few days.。
专四词汇辨析
专四近义词汇区别prohibit, forbid, ban这三个词皆为及物动词,表示“禁止”。
prohibit意为“(通过法律、法令、公告、严正警告)禁止某些事情”,该词应用范围比其他两个词广,其常用结构为prohibit sb. from doingsth.。
forbid意为“禁止”,是这三个词中最普通的词。
如果我们指一般意义上的“禁止某人做某事”,就要用forbid sb. to do sth.。
ban意为“禁止”,在这三个词中语气最强,指权威机关“正式禁止”,这种禁止可以是正面的,也可以是反面的。
ban只以物作宾语,而不能以人作宾语。
The law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟草商卖给儿童香烟。
She had been strictly forbidden to drink beer.严禁她喝啤酒。
Bicycles are banned from the new motorway.自行车禁止通行于新建的快车道。
foretell, foresee, forecast, predict这组词均含有“预言,预测”的意思。
foretell意为“预言,预料”,着重宣布未来的事,而不表明所预言的事情是否正确。
foresee强调“预见,预知”,与foretell基本同义。
forecast强调“预报”,指通过分析一些相关的信息、数据来预测。
predict常指根据已知的事实或自然规律推断出未来的事情,可用于各种不同的场合。
predict所作的预言有一定的科学性。
The Gypsy foretold that the boy would become a king.那个吉普赛人预言这个男孩将会成为国王。
The difficulties could not have been foreseen.这些困难是无法预料的。
专四词组辨析
专四词组辨析1减少reducediminishdeclinedecrease这组请见讲义的第6页2转移distract 分散,注意和它长相很类似的反义词attract, 吸引某人的注意力为attract sb’s attention,以此类推,分散某人的注意力为distract sb’s attentiondeviate 偏离,请特别注意,这个词语多做贬义词。
一个人写作文跑题了,叫做deviate the topicdivert 意思为转移,和大家非常熟悉的transfer类似。
请特别注意熟悉单词不熟悉的意思,这个词还可以做“逗乐”“使某人开心”讲,与大家非常熟悉的amuse意思类似,例如,大家被这个小孩子逗乐了,可以说People were diverted by the little child.3浸dip 蘸,表示在水里泡一下然后马上就拿出来了。
大家应该觉得中学的英文课本上,老师把手指插入汽油瓶,用的就是这个词语。
Immerse 部分泡在水中了,还有一部分冒出在水面上Submerge 全部泡在水中4责任Duty职责,工作方面的责任。
请特别注意,一定要是“工作方面”的。
It is the teachers’duty to provide students with an inspiring classroom.Obligation 义务,只要可以翻译成义务的地方,就用这个词语。
例如,晚辈又赡养老人的义务。
Responsibility责任,表示一旦出了问题,必须要承担后果。
例如,保安的责任就是要确保仓库不要起火(暗示一旦起火保安得负责任)5感情Feeling表示感觉或知觉,大家很熟悉这个词语,请注意它和第三个词语sensation意思一样Emotion 感情,注意,不是感觉,是感情Passion 激情sensation等于大家非常熟悉的feelingsentiment 感情色彩,我们上课时所讨论的褒义词和贬义词,就是一个词的sentiment6鼓励Encourage 鼓励,万金油词语Excite它的形容词exciting大家应该很熟悉,exciting的意思是让人兴奋的,所以东西excite 的意思就是“让人兴奋”Inspire启发,启迪,表示开导了一个人Motivate激励,驱使,与我们以前讨论过的impel类似Stimulate 刺激7相同的equalequivalent 第一个词语和第一个词语做形容词用法和意思都一样,但是请特别注意,equivalent还可以做名词,equal就不可以了identical前面两个词语的意思为“相等”的,而这个词的意思为“相同的”8设备Equipment这个词语特别需要注意的是,它是不可数的Instrument一般专门说乐器Facility这个词语和第一个词形成鲜明对比,它不仅是可数的,而且一般做复数用,facilities9形近Facility 设备Faculty 大学里的学院,特别注意,这个词语也可以表示大学老师10必要的Necessary 万金油词语Indispensable 一般表示客观上必需的Essential 万金油词语11超过Exceed 表示数字超过,例如,印度人口有望在年底超过16亿。
专四近意词汇辨析
apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, appliance, facilities这些名词均有“仪器、设备、器械、器具”之意。
1.apparatus :既可指某种具体的由许多不同零件构成的复杂的仪器、装置或器械,又可指它们的总称。
The astronauts have special breathing apparatus. (宇航员有特殊的呼吸装置。
)2.instrument :通常指能使人们完成某一精确动作或测量的一种小型仪器,尤指电工仪表、测量装置,航海或航空用的控制装置。
Thanks for the accurate instrument, which helps the sailors to avoid the submerged reef.(多亏了这个精密仪器才使得水手们避开了暗礁。
)3.device :多指为某一特殊用途或解决某一特定机械问题而设计或改装的精巧的仪器或装置。
A computer is a device for processing information. (电脑是用来处理信息的。
)4.equipment :多指成套的或重型的设备或装备。
通常用作不可数名词。
We must fit the expedition out with the best equipment. (我们必须向探险队提供最好的装备。
)5. tool :一般指进行特种工作的手工工具,也可指人造使用动力的工具,还可作引申用。
I have a complete set of carpenter's tools. (我有全套的木工工具。
)The king was just the tool of the military government. (国王只是军政府的一个傀儡。
)(引申)6.implement :原指史前人类所用的工具,现在多指农用工具,也可指为实现某个任务所需的工具或器具。
VIP专四近义词辨析
专四近义词辨析(精心整理版,有红色单词详细解释)abide, adhere, conform, comply这四个研究生入学考试中的高频考词都有“遵守”的意思,但是它们的搭配不同。
abide v.后接by表示“遵守,同意”。
I will abide by the director' decision.我将遵从主任的决定。
adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。
(当然adhere一词的其它意思如“坚持;粘附”也经常被考到。
)Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽车司机必须遵守驾驶规则。
conform v.后接to表示“遵守,符合”。
All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每个人都应该遵守政府制订的法律。
comply v.后接with表示“遵守,服从”,用于正式的场合。
Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我们公司遵守政府有关纳税的规定。
abnormal, uncommon, disordered这三个单词都有“反常的”之意,在考研和CET-6当中经常让考生们辨析它们的细微差别。
abnormal a.不正常的,反常的(但并非罕见),指行为或现象(如气候)的异常。
His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degreecentigrade.他的体温三天来一直都不正常,最高的时候达到40.5摄氏度。
(尽管身体发烧不正常,但生活中也时有发生。
)uncommon a.罕见的,不平常的,指很少经历或很少见到的状况;特别的,出色的。
(完整版)专四词汇辨析与搭配
(完整版)专四词汇辨析与搭配词汇辨析与搭配词汇辨析第 1 组:放弃abandon 指完全、永远地放弃,尤其指对其负有责任或义务者,或者放弃一个项目或计划。
desert 强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋quit 强调突然或出其不意的放弃,一般指“ 停止”give up 多用于口头,表示停止做某事词汇搭配第 1 组: aboutgo about 散布,来往亲密see about 负责处理What about … 1. … 怎样做? 2. … 好吗? [ 用于提出建议 ]come about 1. 发生 2. 成为现实leave … about 到处乱放turn about 1. 向后转 2. 转过身来be about to 即将 [ 同义 ]be on the point of (doing)好了,下面布置作业。
第一题:选择正确的单词填入句子。
abandon, desert, forsake, quit, give upYou must ___1___ your bad habits.He ___2___ his wife and went away with all their money.The fort had been hurriedly ___3___.You must ___4___ smoking, or you won ’ t survive.One friend of mine has decided to ___5___ his highly-paid but demanding position in his company recently.第一题: 1. forsake2. abandoned3. deserted4. give up5. quit词汇辨析第 2 组:能力ability 指脑力或体力上能够干某事,通常暗示把某事办好的能力,后接to do, for, in 或 as ,不可用 of doingcapacity 常指做某事的潜力,也指容纳或吸收的能力,后面常接 of, for 或 to do faculty 指在某一方面先天具备或后天造就的能力talent 强调在某一特殊领域,尤其是在艺术方面的天生的才能词汇搭配第 2 组: accordin accord with 与…… 一致 [ 同 ]in accordance/aggreement/line withof one ’ s own accord 出于自愿,主动地 [ 同 ]voluntarilywith one accord 一致的,一致同意的 [ 同 ]unanimously好了,下面布置作业。
英语专四专八考试-专四动词近义词辨析
专四动词近义词辨析01表示"保证,担保"的动词assure: 以十分肯定的语气"向……保证(某事一定会发生)",隐含解除某人心中疑虑的含义,常用于assure sb. that... 或assure sb. of sth.ensure: 表示"确保、保证"某种行为或结果一定会发生,隐含在实际行动上作出担保的含义,常用于ensure sb. sth.(确保某人得到某物) 或ensure that... insure: 表示"保证"时与ensure通用,但通常表示"给……保险",常用于insure sb./sth. against...guarantee:表示对产品的质量、服务或义务的实施等"担保",常带有以某物为抵押的原始意义If you intend to melt the snow for drinking water, you can extra purity by running it through a coffee filter.A. assureB. insureC. reassureD. ensure【译文】如果您打算将雪融化为饮用水,您可以用咖啡过滤器过滤融水,以确保额外纯度。
【分析】ensure"确保",后面可以带名词作宾语,代入句意通顺,因此选D。
assure意为"使确信,使放心,向……保证";reassure"使……安心",后接"人"作宾语;insure"给……保险;确保",insure表示"确保"时,是ensure的美式拼法,但选项中有ensure时,优先选ensure。
02表示"承认"的动词admit: 通常指因外界压力、良心或判断而承认某事的存在或真实性,含"不情愿"之义acknowledge: 指"公开承认",常用于过去隐瞒或否认之事confess:着重承认自己的过错或罪恶,因此有"忏悔"、"坦白"之义03表示"醒"的动词awake: 正式用词,既可及物,也可不及物,常指觉醒、警惕的状态,多用于比喻,如: awake her interest 唤起她的兴趣wake: 常指"睡醒",既可及物,也可不及物waken: 书面用词,常用于被动语态,多表引申意义,指"吵醒,惊醒"04表示"获得,得到"的动词acquire: 表示通过努力或经过积累而"获得"才智、经验、荣誉等,后可接表示抽象事物和具体事物的名词attain: 多用于庄重的场合,着重指雄心勃勃地设定目标并有意识地实现这一不寻常的目标,一般后接表示抽象事物的名词,如ambition, goal, success等get: 最普通用词,指以任何方式得到某物,不一定要经过努力05表示"停止"的动词cease: 较正式,含有突然和绝对的意味,主要用于状态和情况;cease to do 和cease doing 都表达"停止做某事"halt: 基本上与cease同义,但更强调动作的突然性和决断性,有动作是在权威或力量的胁迫下达成的含义stop: 最常用,可指任何一种终止行为,包括在进行的、发展的或运动中的事件或事物;stop to do表示"停下来去做某事",stop doing表示"停止做某事"06表示"恢复"的动词refresh: 指供给某些必需品,以恢复失去的力量、生气或动力restore: "使恢复,修复,重建(尤指建筑物、艺术品)",指在遭破坏后恢复到原本的或完好的状态renovate: "修复,翻新",强调翻旧如新07表示"影响"的动词affect: 着重动作,一般指因外部影响而引起反应,往往指产生负面影响,如: Smoking affects health. 吸烟有损健康。
专四常用词语辨析
专四常用词语辨析decrease, diminish, lessen, reduce, dwindle这些协词的共同含义是“削减,变少”。
decrease : 指渐渐地、不断地削减。
Interest in the sport is decreasing.(人们对此项运动的兴趣已渐渐减退。
)diminish : 侧重大小数量和重要性的不断减小,强调减小的部分。
We should try to diminish the cost of production.(我们应尽力削减生产成本。
)lessen : 一般用词,与decrease近义。
指数目、程度、价值、实力等的削减。
Listening to the speech through an interpreter lessened its impact somewhat.(演讲辞通过翻译的嘴说出来,多少减弱了演讲的力气。
)reduce : 一般用词,含义广。
指数量、程度的降低或削减。
The driver reduced the driving speed.(司机减低了车速。
) dwindle与decrease同义,指渐渐减小,但强调变得越来越少终至全无。
deal with, cope with, dispose of, manage, handle这些动词或短语动词都含有“处理”,“应付”之意。
deal with : 既可指处理详细事情,也可指处理或解决具有抽象意义的问题。
He must deal with many difficulties.(他必需应付很多困难。
)cope with : 指胜利地处理或应付更为重大,更为严峻的问题或事物。
I don't know how she copes with looking after her family and doing a full-time job.(既要照看家庭又要工作, 我不知道她是怎样应下来的。
专四最完整词汇辨析
1.original 原来的,最初的,顺序首位;原著initial 起始的,开头的,强调事物起始阶段;首字母primitive 原始的,人类生命事物发展早期primary 时间,顺序上最早2.call upon 拜访call in on sb。
拜访3.target language 目标语言source language 源语言4.crucial 重要关键的,强调十分重要critical 重要关键的,危机或缺乏的状况5.limitl ess 无限的boundl ess 空间无限性6.permit sb。
to d o sth。
admit (to)d oing sth.7.survey 做研究时询问别人investigate 对罪犯或事故的调查8.d emonstrate 表明,显示illustrate 强调通过例证或图表说明9.ensure 确保assure sb。
that /sb. of sth.10.crack up (使)捧腹大笑crack on 努力继续干11.trait 性格中的品质trail 足迹,踪迹trace 痕迹,踪迹track 轨迹,轨道12.vision 视力,视野,憧憬(未来的构想,先见之明)scene 从远处看到的景色,人的活动场面,犯罪地点sight 名胜,有特色的建筑物,人造景观landscape 自然景色,景观13.d esolate 荒凉的,荒芜的d esirable 值得要的,令人满意的d esperate 令人绝望的,极度渴望的d elicate 棘手的,微妙的,精美的14.distracted 转移,使人分心displaced 取代,置换dispersed 分散,散开discard ed 丢弃,抛弃15.capacity 人的潜在的,多指才智,接受,领悟能力competence 能力,技能,令人满意的业务能力,胜任工作gift 天赋,生来具有的才能,才智aptitud e 先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力16.tame 温顺的,温和的,人脾气好,动物驯服的obedient 顺服的,顺从于某人或某组织tend er 温柔善感的temperate (气候)温暖,温和17.active 中性,运动状态dynamic 有美丽的,充满活力的(城市)energetic 精力充沛的,有干劲,有精神vigorous 体力,精力充沛,健壮,有力18.statistics 统计学:单数数据:复数19.no less…than = as… asno more…than 和…一样不…20.all/both/d oubl e + thehalf/twice +a/the21.adjust 小改变,技术性调整~the airconditionerregulate 根据规定控制,规范~the trafficrectify 彻底改动,整顿,修正~the state of chaos 正式,深思熟虑amend 修改,改良以提高~the law topatch 修补相同或相似的材料补缀,补丁restore 修复,修正,修复建筑,艺术品22.minor 较小的,次要的,轻微但并非不重要inferior 次等的,较劣的(物品质量)secondary 重要性或顺序上的第二位subordinate 从属,下级的,强调主次地位23.bounce (球)反弹,(人)蹦跳bound 跳跃,(弹性,轻捷,优美)hop 单脚跳l eap 飞跃,跃进make a great ~24.chaos 极度杂乱,完全混乱disord er 缺乏整齐,顺序in ~mess 十分肮脏,不整齐in a ~riot 暴乱in the ~s25.ban 官方禁止forbid 普通用语,要求遵守veto 国王,总统否决法案boycott 联合抵制,拒买*26.accuse ~sb。
