英语专业四级易混淆词汇辨析.ppt
大学英语四级高频词汇分析解析PPT课件
• am-pl-ify • ap-prove • ap-pro-ach • ap-pro-pri-ate
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• approximate近似的， • 鹅普绕色妹 • ap-pro-xim-ate • 增加-先前-相同-ate • approximately
• ap-prove • ap-pro-ach • ap-pro-pri-ate • ap-pro-xim-ate
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• apparent 明显的 • 爱泼润特 • ap-par-ent • 增加-半-ent
• am-pl-ify • an-noun-ce • anti-cip-ate • ap-par-ent
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• appetite 食欲，胃口 • 爱胚胎 • ap-pet-ite • 增加-追求-ite
四级高频词汇
杨勇
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•怎么背单词？
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方法
• 脑拼 • dyslexia
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•dys-lex-ia
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• 脑拼+构词法 • dys=dis：不 • lex: 说 • ia: n.
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邪音法
•flirt
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• 谐音 • 脑拼 • 构词法
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• arbitrary 任性的,专断的 • 二必吹 • arbi-tr-ary • 二-tr-ary
• ap-pro-xim-ate • ac-com-pl-ish • ac-com-mod-ate
最新[英语考试]英语专业四级考试 语法词汇知识幻灯片课件
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D. are not long distances 6. 与冠词的搭配
___ London of Dicken’s time come to ___ in his books.
A. The, / B. /,/ C. /, the D. The,the
代词
The city council ___ meeting to discuss the point. A. is B. are C. was D. were ❖ 4) a committee,etc. of + 如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成，随后的动词通常用
❖ 3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不 常用的情况
❖ 2．习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing； be supposed to／have／ make sb．＋do
❖ 3．由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set， break，put
It takes ___ to build a road
A. a lot of machine B. a lot of machinery
C. much machines D. much machineries ❖ 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词如: audience,
committee, class, crew, family, public, government
A. / B. that of C. which is D. of
❖ 5. 表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、 容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。 Ten miles ____ in such a large city.
英语专业四级考试——50组近义词辨析
英语专业四级考试——50组近义词辨析在学习英语词汇中，有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的，我们一般从三方面进行区分，即：语法、语义和文体。
语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分；语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分；文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。
1.路way: Wherever there is room for an object to proceed, there is a way.road: A road is a prepared way for traveling with horses or vehicles.path: A way suitable to be traveled only by foot passengers or by animals.route: A route is a line of travel, and may be over many roads.street: A street is in some centre of habitation, as a city town or village, when it passes between houses of dwellings.avenue: A avenue is a long, broad and imposing(庄严) or principal street.2.时代(期) (时期)period: It indicates any passage of time, great or small. /an extent of time of any length. ( 时代)time(s): It refers to a period in history. in ancient times/ in Victoria time ( 新时代) epoch: It indicates a long period of time marked by events or development of a particular kind.The first flight into space marked a new epoch in the history of mankind. (纪元)era: It refers to a very long period of time marked by a particular feature in a great new era of world revolution ( 时期)age: It shows a particular /a fairly definite period in history. the Bronze Age, Iron Age3.战斗(打仗)fight: It is a bodily struggle ( 奋斗斗争)struggle: An effort of any kind to overcome difficulty. ( 战斗)battle: A fight between armed forces. ( 战役)campaign: A series of related military operations in a war. ( 战争)war: A period of fight between countries or states when weapons are used and many people are killed.( 对抗)combat: A fight, conflict, controversy.4.牧师(教士牧师) #priest: A person, esp. a man specially trained for various religious duties and ceremonies, in the Christian church, esp. in the Roman Catholic church ( 牧师)minister: A member of clergy, esp. Protestant churches. ( 牧师)clergy(pl): The officially appointed leader of the religious activities of a particular church or temple.clergyman: clergymen(pl) a member of clergy. ( 牧师)pastor: A Christian religious leader in charge of a church and its members, esp. in a Protestant church. ( 教区牧师)vicar: A priest in charge of an area(parish) in the church of England.father: A little of respect for a priest, esp. in the Roman Catholic.5.服装clothing(collect): (fml) General term of clothes.clothes(no single): Coverings of the body such as coats, dresses, suits, shoes, hats.garment(fl): A suit of clothes used by actors./a single article of clothing.costume: 1) The fashion of dress peculiar to a people, nation, class, period, etc.2) A dress worn by actors in a play. uniform: worn by all members of the community.dress: 1) A kind of outer garment worn by women ( 连衣裙).2) worn on special occasions (礼服) evening dress/ morning dresssuit: A set of outer clothes to be worn together. evening suit/swimming suitcoat: A garment with sleeves worn on top of other clothes from rain, heat, etc.overcoat: A warn coat worn in the street.6.哭cry: The most general one.(哭泣) weep: To let flow tears.(抽泣抽嗒) sob: To weep or sigh with short quick breaths.(哭天抹泪涕泪交流) snivel: To sniffle and cry in a irritating manner.(哭嚎又哭又闹) blubber: To cry loudly noisily.(发出低声报怨声) whine: To make a low complaining cry.(嚎哭) bawl: To utter loud cries (always in bad sense).(痛哭) wail: To cry aloud from pain or sorrow.(呻吟) moan: To make a low, miserable sound in pain or sorrow.(呻吟) grown: To make a low sound of pain, unhappiness or disapproval(哀悼) mourn: To feel or show sadness or sorrow for someone who has died.(哀悼) lament: To express great sorrow or regret.7.美丽漂亮good-looking: Having an attractive appearance in a strong, healthy way used for men and women not things.beautiful: ( a woman or a thing) Suggesting symmetry of features or perfection of proportion, elegance and mobility. beautiful flowers, a beautiful girl/voice/city/face beautiful weather.handsome: Of attractive appearance applies to men. a handsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/young man.pretty: (a girl, or a small thing) Suggesting liveliness and sweetness, pleasing or nice to look at. a pretty little woman/garden, a pretty girl/ picture/piece of music,lovely: (something) So beautiful that it makes you feel good to look at it or even to think about it. The garden looks lovely.fair: Beautiful( of woman in poet) light in color esp., skin hair.gorgeous: (persons or things) (inf) Extremely beautiful or handsome.8.拉拖pull: The most general one.draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion and generally a lighter force than pull.drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place.haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or bulky objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.tug: It applies to hard often sudden violent effort to pull. He tugged at my sleeve to ask directions.jerk: To pull suddenly. He jerked out the knife that was stuck in the wound.tow: To pull by a rope or chain. We towed the car to the nearest garage.wrench: To pull hard with a twisting or turning movement.9.旋转turn: The most general one.( 自转) spin:To turn quickly around a central point. It emphasizes the continuity of the action, and usually the narrow extent of the circular motion. The wheel is spinning on its axis.( 急转) whirl:To round very fast. It implies the lock of conscious control.(转动) rotate: To turn round a fixed point with a circular movement. The earth rotates once every 24 hours.(绕转) revolve:To turn or move in a circle around a central point. It indicates circular or elliptical (椭圆) movement. The planets revolve around the sun.10.生气气愤anger: The most general one.(易怒) be cross:Feeling easy to get angry.(愤慨) indignation:(fml) Anger. It stresses righteous anger at what one considers unfair, mean or shameful.We expressed our indignation at the ruthless exploitation.(愤怒) wrath:Very treat anger. (literary) It suggests a desire on intent to revenge or punish.(狂怒) rage: Wild, violent anger. It suggests loss of self- control from violence of emotion. in a rage /to fall into a rage.(暴怒) fury: Violent, extreme and destructive anger. She flew into a fury.11.错误(误会) mistake: A wrong thought, act. It implies carelessness. Anyone can make a mistake.(过错弱点) fault: A bad point, but not of a serious moral kind. It refers to behavior and character. His only fault is that he lacks ambition.find fault with sb / at faultshortcoming: weakness, failing ; It refers to failures or deficiencies in things as well as people.In spite of all her shortcomings I still think she's one of the best teachers in the school.(疏忽) error: A mistake (formal sometimes literary) It implies deviation from a standard or modelThe accident was caused by human error.(缺点毛病) defect: sth lacking or imperfect. It refers to quality.The radio was returned because of a defect.(失误过失) blunder: A very stupid or unnecessary mistake. It implies ignorance.This is the fatal blunder of his life.12.图画picture: The most general one.(彩图) painting: pictures with color.(绘画图画) drawing: A picture made with a pen, pencil and crayon. Sketch, diagrams and graphs are all drawings.(草图) sketch: A rough not detailed drawing.(图解图表) diagram: A drawing, figure that shows the arrangement of something.(曲线图) graph:A diagram in which a straight line, curved, or zigzag line shows how two sets of numbers or measurements are related.(插图) illustration: A picture to go with words of a book.(图样草图) draft: The first rough written form of anything.(平面图) plan:A line drawing of a building as it might been seen from above.(主视图) elevation:A flat upright side of a building.(海图) chart: A map esp. a detailed map of a sea area.13.特别(专门的,与众不同的) special:Different in some way from what is common, ordinary, or usual. It stresses having a quality, character, identity, or use of its own. The tube contains special gases.(特别的) especial:(fml) To an usually great degree, exceptional; It emphasizes the importance of the things or thepersons mentioned; This is a matter of especial importance. (个别的) particular:Relating or belonging to only one thing or person. It stresses the distinctness of something as anindividual which is worth notice. In that particular case, the rule doesn't hold.(适用)(特种的) specific:Detailed and exact, clear in meaning and explanation, fixed, determined.(used in scientificarticles) It implies a quality or character distinguishing a kind or a species.He gave me a very specific instruction. There is a specific tool for each job.(独特的) peculiar: Strange or perhaps unpleasant. It implies strangeness. He has a peculiar way of speaking.14.取消消灭(取消解除) cancel:To give up, to declare something is to be effective. He has cancelled his leave of absence.(消假)(废除废止) abolish:To do away with. It refers to practices, social institutions. Bad customs should be abolished.(消灭排除) eliminate:To get rid of. We should eliminate the false and retain the true. (撤消废除) repeal: To bring to an end of the effect of a law or an order. Some laws should be repealed.(根除消灭) exterminate:To destroy completely and wholly. Colonialism must be exterminated.15.破碎break: The most general one.(压碎压破) crush: To press together violently as to break, to destroy its shape by squeezing it. It suggests the effect of great external pressure. The tree fell on top of the car and crushed it.(打碎) smash: To break thoroughly to pieces with a crushing sound. She dropped the plate and smashed it.(打裂) crack:To break without separation of parts. It suggests the breaking out across a surface. He cracked the window by leaning against it.(破裂) burst:To break open by pressure from within. The fireworks burst while they were in the air.(砸碎破碎) shatter: To break into pieces. It suggests the breaking up of a thin surface. The glass was shattered to pieces.(撞坏) crash: To refer to the vehicle which hits something and is badly damaged.16.环境形势(环境形势) conditions:The location and other factors likely to affect it. It suggests something that has stayed the same for some time and which affects daily life such as food, work, and houses. We are now studying the economic conditions in the developing countries. (形势) situation: A position or state at a particular time, set of conditions, facts, and events having an effect on a person, society, etc. It suggests more general matters such as government planning and finance. The political situation in these countries are always changing.(环境周围外界) environment: The circumstances, things and conditions that influence you. It refers to spirit aspect, physical aspect and material aspect. We must try to beautify our environment.(形势情况) circumstance(s): A situation or event around us, a certain kind of atmosphere, the conditions that affect what happens. in (under) the circumstances(环境周围事物) surrounding(s): The area and environment around a place or person. It indicates a very narrow condition, "physically" sometimes reflects spiritual aspect. They lived in hostile surroundings.17.著名的well-known: (infl)famous: The most general one. widely known or honored.(杰出的知名的) distinguished: Great, outstanding marked by excellent quality or deserved fame, used especially of people who are famous for serious work in science, the arts etc. He was a distinguished writer.(驰名的) celebrated: Famous, (substitute for renowned) It refers objectively to sb or something that has been give acclaim or honoured with awards or prizes. She was a celebrated actress.renowned: Highly honored and famous for something good. often refers to places or things, also It suggests something that has become legendary or is no longer available for an objective evaluation. Edison was renowned for his inventions.noted: Well-known and admired It often describes a more intellectual kind of effort and accomplishment indicating an authority or expert or their theories. Maybe it is not widely known to the general public. He was a very noted expert.(臭名昭著) notorious:Famous for something bad. He is notorious for his crimes.18.强盗thief: The most general one.(强盗) robber:It suggests a direct confrontation in which the owner is forced to give up his valuables.(行凶强劫) mugger: A person who attacks and robs people in a street or in a lift. burglar: A person who breaks into a house at night to steal something.(歹徒暴徒) gangster: A member of a group of criminals, esp. those who are armed and use guns to threaten.(匪徒) bandit: an armed robber. It suggests an organized group in a rural setting.(土匪) brigand: A robber who lives by robbing travelers in the country.(海盗) pirate: A person who robs on the sea.19.摇动,颤动shake: The most general one. to move up and down or back and forth. It refers to persons or things.(发抖) quiver:To tremble a little. It suggests a rapid but invisible vibration. His lips quivered with emotion.(颤抖) tremble: To shake uncontrollably and slightly as from fear, cold, excitement etc. It implies uneasiness and nervousness. Her voice trembled as she began to sing.(瞬间发抖) shiver: To tremble from fear or cold. It suggests a slight and rapid movement. He stood shivering in the snow.(极度颤动) quake: to shake or tremble violently. It suggests a more violent and sudden change. He quaked with excitement. An explosion cam make the ground quake.(抽筋般颤动) shudder:To shake uncontrollably for a movement. It suggests a more intense shaking. She shuddered at the sight of a snake.20.说话谈话(说话) speak: To use your voice to say words.(说) say:To speak words.(发出声音) utter: To make sound and say words.drawl: To speak in a slow, prolonged manner.mutter: To express displeasure with compressed lips.rave: To talk in an angry, uncontrolled way.gabble: To talk rapidly, making inarticulate sounds.(谈论) remark:To mention it or comment on it.(陈述) state:To say, express or put into words, esp. formally. He stated his view.(讲述) narrate: To tell formally in writing or speech or describe something in order with intonation. He narrated his adventure in the forest.(详述) relate:To tell formally in details, to give an account of. He related his experiences. (讲演) address:To say in speech or writing to a person or group.tell: To let people know about something.talk: To say things to someone.converse: To talk formally. The scholars are conversing with each other on linguistics. chat: To talk in a friendly, familiar, informal manner. The two friends sat in a corner and chatted.chatter: To talk continuously rapidly about small things. The schoolgirls went along chattering.whisper: To talk in a low voice. She whispered me not to talk so loudly.murmur: To make a soft sound, esp. to speak or say in a quiet voice. He often murmurs to himself.(闲谈) gossip: To talk about the details of other people's actions and private lives which may not correct or proper. That woman is very fond of gossiping about others. stammer: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of excitement, embarrassment. stutter: To speak with pauses and repeated sounds because of inherent speech defect.21.事情,事件(事) thing:An event, a fact, a subject. He talked of many interesting things.(事情) matter:Seth that you have to deal with, something to be discussed, thought over. There are several matters to be dealt with at the meeting.(事务责任) business:A special duty, something that has to be done. Public business is every one's business.(事务) affair: An event or set of connected events. (pl) private and personal life. I have many affairs to look after.(事件) event:An important happening. Events such as birthdays and anniversaries are often celebrated. Do you know the chief events of 1986.incident: Not as important as an event. Incidents seldom are celebrated. Sometimes an event becomes an incident after many years have passed.(偶然事件) happening:An occurrence, and sometimes an unusual one. There have been strange happenings here lately.(偶发事件) occurrence: An incident that is usually unexpected and has not been planned ahead of time. Flood is practically an annual occurrence in this district.22.承认admit: To agree to the truth of, usu, something bad. It suggests reluctance or possible objection. He admitted his crime/stealing.(自白供认) confess:To admit guilt as to a crime or as to a shortcoming, in the sense of making known to others one's own error or wrong doing. He confessed his fault/doing something wrong.acknowledge: to agree the truth of, recognize the fact or existence of what have said or done, good or bad. It emphasizes openly in a embarrassing or awkward and usually not voluntary way. I acknowledged my signature/mistakes/errors/having been defeated.grant: To admit or to agree something is true. I granted his request/his honesty. take sth/sb for granted.concede: To admit as true, just or proper often unwillingly because of overwhelming evidence. I conceded you that point, but I still think you are wrong.recognize: To accept or acknowledge it. It refers to something about law and diplomacy. The new regime was recognized by China.23.走路walk: The most general one.stride: To walk with long steps. He strode through the station a few minutes before the train left.(高视阔步) stalk: To walk stiffly, slowly, and proudly with long steps.trot: To jog, move quickly, usu refers to horses.(蹒跚而行) waddle: To walk from side to side with short steps like a duck. The fat man waddled out of the room.(蹒跚) stagger:To walk unsteadily, slide and drag the feet almost falling at each step, usually because of illness, injury or drink. After drinking too much, he staggered in the street.(摇摆蹒跚) totter:To walk unsteadily showing great weakness often used of very young children learning to walk. The child tottered before his parents.(拖着脚走) shuffle: To move without lifting the feet clear of the floor as if wearing slippers. The old man shuffled along the road.(趾高气扬地走) strut: To walk in a proud strong way, esp. with the chest out and trying to look important.(慢行) amble:To walk at an easy gentle rate. It stresses a leisurely but regular movement. (闲逛) stroll:To walk, esp. slowly, for pleasure. It emphasizes a slower movement, more wandering and aimless with suggestions of many starts and pauses. They are strolling through this park.saunter: A little more formal than stroll.(漫步徘徊) wander:To move about without a fixed course, aim, or purpose. He was wandering about/down/through/up and down the street.(漫游) roam:To wander with as very clear aim. It suggests a more serious purpose behind the irregular of circular movement in complete forgetfulness of time. The lovers roamed around/through the fields.(跋涉) trudge: To walk heavily and wearily with effort as when one (plod) is tired. The hunter was trudging through the deep snow.(重步行走) tramp:To walk with firm heavy steps. Who has been tramping all over the carpet in muddy shoes.(扭扭捏捏地走) mince: To walk with little short steps in an affected manner. It was a funny sight to see her mince along.slouch: To walk in a loose, ungainly ( 不雅观) way.hustle: To walk in a busy, active way.24.跳jump: The most general one. to throw oneself into the air.(跳起) leap: (literary) To spring through the air, often landing in a different place. The boy leaped over the brook without difficulty.(跳跃) spring: To leap suddenly and quickly. He sprang to his feet at the sudden noise. (跳着跑) bound:To spring lightly along. It suggests high spirits and excitement. His dog bounded to meet me.(轻快地跑) skip:To move in a slight dancing way, as with quick steps and jumps. The little girl skipped at her mother's side.hop: To jump on one leg. The boy had hurt his leg and had to hop along.vault: To leap over something using the hands or a pole. You can vault a fence by putting your hands on it and swinging yourself over.hurdle: To jump over some thing while running. The horse hurdled the fence and ran into the woods.25.特点特征quality: The most general one.(特点) characteristic: Quality typical of a particular person and thing, a special and easily recognized quality of sb/sth. It has many scientific or technical uses. It implies neutral description in referring to any aspect of something without evaluating its relative importance to the whole. A useful characteristic of the cat is its ability to catch and kill mice. (特征) character: The combination of qualities which make a particular person, thing, place, etc. A tendency not to show emotions is supposed to be part of the British national character.(性质) nature:The qualities make someone or something different from others. It indicates the widest range of traits, including emotional, mental and physical qualities. It is only human nature to like money.(特征) attribute: A quality belonging to or forming part of the mature of a person or thing. The word is positive rather than negative. Darkness is an attribute of night.(特性) peculiarity:The quality of being peculiar, strangeness, unusualness. It shows an unpleasant attribute that is quite noticeable. One of his peculiarities is that his two eyes are not the same size.(特色) feature:A typical and noticeable part or quality. It suggests something positive and specifically. It refers to physical appearance. A lake is an important feature in this area. (品质特性) trait:A particular quality of sb/sth. It refers to more abstract attributes. Honesty and diligence are the chief traits of his character.(个性) personality: The whole nature or character of a particular person. It refers to the whole indefinable emotional coloration that a specific person gives off. He has a strong personality.26.增加increase: To make or become larger in amount or number. it refers to quantity or intensity as well as size. The population of this county has increased.add: To put together with something else so as to increase the number size, importance. He added some wood to increase the fire.(扩大) enlarge: To grown larger or wider. I want to enlarge this photograph/house.(放大) magnify:To make something appear larger than in reality, esp. by means of a lens. You have magnified the peril.(扩充) amplify: To make large or fuller, esp. give fuller information, more details etc. to amplify a radio signal/sound.augment: (fml) To become larger or greater. It emphasizes the action of addition. He augmented his income by writing some short stories.(扩展扩张) expand: To increase in range scope or volume as well as in size. Iron expands when it is heated.(加长) extend: To make longer in space or time, to extend a railway. Can't you extend your visit for a few days.27.笑(微笑) smile:The corners of your mouth move outwards and slightly upwards. He smiles his consent./with satisfaction.(大笑) laugh:To make a noise to show one's amusement and happiness. You can laugh at a joke or at an amusing sight. You can laugh at someone without being amused. They all laughed loudly.(露齿而笑) grin: To smile with the teeth. The boy grinned from ear to ear when I gave him a sweet.(暗笑含笑) chuckle: To laugh quietly. I could hear him chuckling to himself as he read that funny article.(咯咯笑) giggle: To laugh repeatedly foolishly and uncontrollably, esp. by girls. I heard them giggle when I passed by the girls.(窃笑暗笑) snicker: To laugh in a disrespectful more or less secret way. On hearing his absurd opinion, I went snickering.(假笑痴笑) simper:To smile in a silly unnatural way. When I told him the thing, he simply simpered.(得意的笑) smirk: To smile in a false or too satisfied way. He smirked at everyone that passed.(窃笑) titter:To laugh very quietly from nervousness or badly controlled amusement. The girls tittered when they heard this.(狂笑) guffaw: To laugh loudly and rudely. All the people guffawed at his silly words. (哄笑) roar:To laugh long and loudly. They roared after they heard the joke.(欢笑) chortle: To give a laugh of pleasure or satisfaction. He chortled with delight when I told him the news.(笑骂) taunt:To try to make sb angry, or upset by making unkind remarks, laughing at faults or failures. They taunted her with her inability to swim.(嘲笑嘲弄) ridicule: To laugh unkindly at or to make unkind fun of. They all ridiculed the idea.(讥笑) deride: To laugh at or make fun of as of no value. /to mock at someone with contempt They all derided his foolishness.(嘲弄) mock:To laugh at sb(sth) when it is wrong to do so, esp. by copying in a funny or contemptuous way. The students mocked the seriousness of his expression.twit: (infl) To make fun of sb because of behavior, a mistake, a fault, etc. He twitted her with her timidity.(嘲笑轻蔑地笑) scoff: To laugh at, to speak or act disrespectfully. /To speak in scornful mocking way. It was a great invention but at first many people scoffed at it.(戏弄) chaff: (infl) To make fun of sb in a good-humored way. He chaffed the man about his mistakes in speaking English.(讥笑) jeer: To laugh rudely at /to insult sb in a loud, unpleasant way. They always jeer at the priests.gibe(jibe): To laugh at with the intention of hurting the feeling with sarcastic remarks. Don't gibe at her behavior until you know the reason for it.(讥笑冷笑) sneer:To express proud dislike by a kind of usu, one- side smile or to show scorn or contempt by looks. She sneered at the furniture in his neighbor's home.joke: To make fun of. You mustn't joke with him about religion.(取笑) jest: To act or speak playful, not seriously. Don't jest about serious things.(戏弄) banter: To speak, or act playfully or jokingly. We bantered him on the subject of marriage.(轻视) scorn: To look down upon.28.疯mad: Showing that one has amanita illness which often causes them to behave in strange way.crazy: (infl) Very strange or foolish.psychotic: The most precise one. used by psychiatrists.insane: Not sound in mind. Used in scientific articles.lunatic: (old derog) wildly foolish.demented: It indicates sb's mentality has degenerated from a precious level.maniac: (n) A mad person who is violent and dangerous.29.味道smell: The most general one. It refers to something pleasant or unpleasant.odo(u)r: (fml) More used in scientific articles.fragrance: A sweet or pleasant smell. It refers to flowers and stresses a delicate smell from plants. Those roses have a delightful fragrance.scent: A smell esp. left by an animals, an pleasant smell. Our dog lost the fox's scent. perfume: A sweet or pleasant smell. It refers to either natural smell or a man-made smell and stresses a strong and rich smell compared with fragrancearoma: A strong usu pleasant smell, often a spicy smell.flavor: The particular quality of tasting good or pleasantly strong. The bread hasn't much flavor.savor: The smell of food by the processes of cooking. The meat had cooked too long and lost its savor.stink: A strong unpleasant smell. the stink of sweaty feet.stench: A very strong unpleasant smell.30.怕fear: The feeling that one has when danger is near.(可怕) dread: A great fear esp. of some harm to come. It suggests fear of facing whatever is coming. Usually dread also means loss of courage. Illness is the great dread of his life. (畏惧) fright:The feeling or experience of fear. sudden great fear. I nearly died of fright at the sight of escaped lion.(恐慌) alarm:Sudden fear and anxiety as caused by the possibility of danger and excitement caused by fear of danger. The news caused great alarm.(恐惧) terror:Extreme and intense fear. The people ran from the enemy in terror.(恐怖战栗) horror:A feeling of great shock, fear and dislike. I cried out in horror as I saw the man killed.(惊恐万状) panic:Sudden uncontrollable quickly-spreading fear or terror, which results in unreasonable and frantic activity. When I realized the situation I got into a panic.(敬畏) awe: A feeling respect mixed with fear and wonder. He always stands in awe of his father.31.闪光shine: The most general one.(闪耀) glitter: To shine brightly with flashing points of light. All that glitters is not gold. (发火花) sparkle:To shine in small flashes. It suggests uneven, bright flashes reflected from light-catching objects. We can see a diamond sparkling in the sunlight.(闪光) flash: To give out a sudden and monetary bright ray of light/ To shine suddenly for a moment.(闪耀) glisten: To shine from or as if from a wet surface. His hair glistened with oil. The wet road glistened.(闪烁) gleam: To send out a bright light moderately, mildly not violently. A cat's eye gleamed in the dark. The lantern gleamed.(冒火花) spark: To send out small bits of fire. He was so angry that his eyes sparked furiously.。
专四词汇辨析-PPT
get by: 通过,过得去,(勉强)过活
How can he get by on so little money?
词汇题常考题型
短语辨析题 (靠平时积累)
1、 We were astonished when we heard that the accuseCd man had _____、
词汇题常考题型
近义词辨析题 (易丢分)
1、 A visit to the puter Center has ___ the students’ interest in puter science、
A、 rose
B、 incensed
C、 stimulate D、 arisen
词汇题常考题型
词汇题常考题型
accidentally: accident :n、意外遭遇,事故;意外(因素) accidental :a、意外得,偶然(发生)得
词汇题常考题型
异形异议辨析题(四个选项都不同,需读懂题干)
2、 If military service iAs _____ for boys of 18 years old, a boy of this age has no choice but to serenew
C、 relieve
D、 rehearse
release : 发行,释(排)放;解脱;放开; relax
renew: 更新
relieve: 减轻,免除; relief :n、救济
rehearse: 排演
词汇题常考题型
短语辨析题 (靠平时积累)
1、 We were astonished when we heard that the accused man had _____、
专四词汇语法易错
专四词汇语法易错一、易混淆词汇。
1. affect (əˈfekt) - 动词。
- 意思：影响；（疾病）侵袭；使感动。
- 例句：The bad weather will affect our travel plans.（恶劣的天气将影响我们的旅行计划。
）- 易错点：容易和“effect (ɪˈfekt) - 名词/动词”混淆。
“effect”作名词时意思是“影响；效果”，如：The new law has had a positive effect on the environment.（新法律对环境有积极的影响。
）作动词时表示“使发生；实现”，例如：They hope to effect a change in the system.（他们希望在这个系统中实现变革。
）2. principal (ˈprɪnsəpl) - 形容词/名词。
- 形容词意思：主要的；最重要的。
名词意思：校长；本金。
- 例句：The principal reason for his absence is illness.（他缺席的主要原因是生病。
）The principal of the school is very strict.（这所学校的校长非常严格。
）- 易错点：与“principle (ˈprɪnsəpl) - 名词”混淆，“principle”的意思是“原则；原理”，如：We should stick to our principles.（我们应该坚持我们的原则。
）3. compose (kəmˈpəʊz) - 动词。
- 意思：组成；创作（音乐、文学作品等）；使平静。
- 例句：Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.（水由氢和氧组成。
）He can compose beautiful music.（他能创作优美的音乐。
）- 易错点：容易和“comprise (kəmˈpraɪz) - 动词”弄混。
2023年专四最完整词汇辨析
original 本来的, 最初的, 顺序首位；原著initial 起始的, 开头的, 强调事物起始阶段；首字母primitive 原始的, 人类生命事物发展初期1.primary 时间, 顺序上最早2.call upon 拜访3.cal.i.o.sb.拜访4.target language 目的语言source language 源语言crucial 重要关键的, 强调十分重要5.critical 重要关键的, 危机或缺少的状况6.limitl ess 无限的boundl ess 空间无限性permi.sb.t.d.sth.admit (to) d oing sth.7.survey 做研究时询问别人investigate 对罪犯或事故的调查d emonstrate 表白, 显示illustrate 强调通过例证或图表说明8.ensure 保证9.assur.sb.tha./sb.o.sth. 10.crack up （使）捧腹大笑crack on 努力继续干11.trait 性格中的品质trail 足迹, 踪迹trace 痕迹, 踪迹12.track 轨迹, 轨道vision 视力, 视野, 憧憬（未来的构想, 先见之明）scene 从远处看到的景色, 人的活动场面, 犯罪地点sight 名胜, 有特色的建筑物, 人造景观ndscape 自然景色, 景观d esolate 荒凉的, 荒凉的d esirable 值得要的, 令人满意的d esperate 令人绝望的, 极度渴望的14.d elicate 棘手的, 微妙的, 精美的distracted 转移, 使人分心displaced 取代, 置换dispersed 分散, 散开15.discard ed 丢弃, 抛弃capacity 人的潜在的, 多指才智, 接受, 领悟能力competence 能力, 技能, 令人满意的业务能力, 胜任工作gift 天赋, 生来具有的才干, 才智aptitud e 先天或后天习得的运用自如的能力tame 温顺的, 温和的, 人脾气好, 动物驯服的obedient 顺服的, 顺从于某人或某组织tend er 温柔善感的16.temperate （气候）温暖, 温和active 中性, 运动状态dynamic 有美丽的, 充满活力的（城市）energetic 精力充沛的, 有干劲, 有精神17.vigorous 体力, 精力充沛, 健壮, 有力statistics 记录学: 单数18.数据: 复数19.no less…than = as… asno more…than 和…同样不…20.all/both/d ouble + thehalf/twice +a/theadjust 小改变, 技术性调整～the airconditionerregulate 根据规定控制, 规范～the trafficrectify 彻底改动, 整顿, 修正～the state of chaos 正式, 深思熟虑amend 修改, 改良以提高～the law topatch 修补相同或相似的材料补缀, 补丁21.restore 修复, 修正, 修复建筑, 艺术品minor 较小的, 次要的, 轻微但并非不重要inferior 次等的, 较劣的（物品质量）secondary 重要性或顺序上的第二位22.subordinate 从属, 下级的, 强调主次地位bounce （球）反弹, （人）蹦跳bound 跳跃, （弹性, 轻捷, 优美）hop 单脚跳23.l eap 奔腾, 跃进make a great ～chaos 极度杂乱, 完全混乱disord er 缺少整齐, 顺序in ～mess 十分肮脏, 不整齐in a ～riot 暴动in the ～s24.ban 官方严禁forbid 普通用语, 规定遵守veto 国王, 总统否决法案25.boycott 联合抵制, 拒买＊accus.～sb.o.sth./d oin.指责, 谴责charg.sb.wit.sth./d oin.向法院正式起诉cond emn…for 道义, 原则上强烈谴责be ~ed for26.prosecut.sb.o.sth.提出公.b.~e.forinformative 提供消息, 情报, 增进知识indicative (of) 表达, 象征的initiative 积极的, 自发的27.instructive 教育性的, 有益的dilemma 进退两难, 左右为难struggl e 搏斗, 挣扎, 努力面对困难或险情collision 意见利益的冲突, 抵触或两物相撞28.parad ox 似是而非的说法, 自相矛盾immerse oneself in沉浸, 浸入, 所有浸入液体中, 比方埋头工作dip 部分暂时, 轻微地放进液体, 谨慎或试探性动作duck 潜入, 猛扎又不久取出29.submerge 浸没, 淹没, 长时间完全进入液体深层abrupt 忽然, 意外, 事物突变accid ental 偶尔, 意外, 预料之外casual 随便, 不经意, 无目的, 无计划30.occasional 偶尔, 不对31.anxious about 焦急enthusiastic about 喜欢, 热爱, 赞许keen on极大爱好驱使而来, 热心做某事32.thirsty for 渴望, 做某事愿望强烈insist on坚持意见, 见解, 主张adhere to 坚持忠于, 坚持不懈persist in 坚持, 固执已见, 也可褒义33.maintain 维持, 坚持34.sentence 判刑cond emn 谴责, 道义原则reproach 不快乐地指责35.scol d 责骂, 谴责, 上对下, 长对幼36.many a 许多动词单数more than one 动词单数emotion 情感, 喜怒哀乐passion 激情, 欲望, 强烈爱好, 愤怒情欲sensation 人体感受外部刺激产生的感觉37.sentiment 情绪, 感情色彩, 某种思想唤起的感情, 强调主观作用promising 有希望, 有前程appealing 有吸引力, 动人的pl easing 令人快乐的38.obliging 热心助人, 热情体贴的39.thereof 其中thereafter 此后, 其后thereby 借此, 由此40.thereabouts 在那附近, 大约41.can’t hol d a candl e to 比不上be no better than 差不多be compatibl e with 不能与…兼容keep one’s temper with 忍不住发脾气ratio 比率, 具体数据体现两个关系平行的事物的数量比percentage 比例proportion 比例in ~ to 仍然比例in the ~ of 比…比例rate 比率at the ~ of 以…的速度42.excessively （贬）过份地exceedingly 极其, 非常extensively 广泛地43.exclusively 排他的, 专有地44.stagger 蹒跚spin 旋转shiver（因寒冷恐惊）抖动45.shake（外力, 内心波动）摇动发抖, 动摇equipment 生产研究所需设备装置, 不可数facility 公用大众设备, 设施instrument 乐器, 仪器46.appliance 家用电器, 装置warrant 凭证, 委任状, 批准, 授权令d egree 学位, （文学, 理科, 工科）dipl oma 毕业证书, 证明权利, 特权, 奖状47.certificate 证书, 凭证, 执照none other than 不是别的, 正是…no other than 除…外没有, 只有no more than 仅仅, 但是是no more… than 与…不同样more than 极其, 非常48.other than不同于, 非…stagger 蹒跚, 踌躇stamp 贴邮票于scatter 分数, 散开49.shatter 打坏, 破掉50.stay 住在需付费的地方或短住亲友家resid e 较正式, 合法定居+in/atl odge 短时间或临时住宿+at51.inhabit 栖息, 不加介词52.all eviate 减轻痛苦方面dimish 减少, 丢掉一部分d evalue 贬值, 常指货币53.d ecrease 减少, 数量, 力量, 强度brand 牌子, 品牌label 标签, 商标, 产地tag 小标签price ～trad emark 注册商标draw on 运用, 动用draw in 将某人扯入某事draw up 起草, 草拟54.draw out 取款, 取钱inevitabl e 不能避免的, 阻挡不了und esirabl e 令人不快turbul ently 骚动地, 冲突地tremend ously 极大地, 极其triumphantly 耀武扬威地55.tentatively 实验性地, 暂时地abid e by 遵守, 批准adhere to 遵守conform to 遵守, 符合ply with 遵守, 服从, 用于正式场合acquain.sb.wit.sth.结识, 熟悉, 相似且来往introduc.sb.t.sb.介绍，引进recommend 推荐, 介绍, 具有一定品质的人或物57.present 正式引见, 介绍, 指向公众或很多人第一次介绍某人或某物amplify 扩大, 增长, 表达丰富或扩充细节, 以增强事物完整性, 正式场合～one’s statementextend 延伸, 扩展土地, 空间, 时间magnify 放大, 使用透镜或显微镜58.expand 扩大, 范围体积, 内容, 细节充实59.ad ditions 数量的增长appendixes 书末附录, 阑尾attachments 邮件附件, 机器附加装置60.accessories 附件意与attachment相同, 饰品chuckl e 轻声笑, 暗自笑, 得意或领略某事笑giggl e 咯咯笑, 女人或孩子无法克制地笑jeer 讥笑, 嘲笑=mock61.sneer 冷笑, 嘲笑, 以语言表情和声调表达轻蔑或嘲弄d escription 描写, 描述narrative 对事件过程的描述statement 口头, 书面的声明, 陈述version 版本compl ex 复杂, 侧重成分, 内在关系, 合成的refined 精炼的, 精确的elaborate 精心制作的, 具体阐述的complicated 情况, 问题各部分互相交错, 难以理解intricate 错综复杂的, 复杂精细, 精致sophisticate 复杂精密, 老到世故的～expertise 专业知识62.symbol 象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊实物badge 一般金属证章或写有姓名的袋状标志物token 语气庄重, 礼品, 纪念物等表友谊爱情的象征或标志63.attribute 人物及其地位, 属性的象征64.discl ose 指把故意隐藏的东西公之于众～asecretexpose 揭露丑闻, 坏人坏事, 各种诡计, 事物暴露在外, 人处在何种状态～a conspiracyuncover 移去遮盖物, 让东西显露, 揭露诡计～a pl otdiscover 找到不为人知的东西confess 认可, 坦白+to sth./d oing sth.d eclare 宣布, 声明+thatconfirm 确认证实+n./thatclaim 声称+to d oind efinitely 不拟定的, 无期限的infinitely 无限的, 无穷的65.incid entally 附带地, 顺便提及space 一般意义的空地, 空间spread 延伸的区域, 有界线a ～of landstretch 单数身体上的伸展, 长广度的增长, 伸缩性66.expanse of 广大, 无间隔障碍的广阔区域,天空海洋田野等homogenous 同质的, 同类的67.monotonous 单调的, 无变化的68.forbid d en 权威机构或人物的禁令reject 否认, 敌对的态度拒绝exclud e 拒绝接纳或考虑, 排除d eny 坚定否认某事component 成分, 整体的部分但可分割独立成体composition 固有不可分割的成分factor 因素, 互相作用产生的力量, 状况影响69.ingredient 混合物中的一部分, 多指食物comment 注解, 评注remark 对所见, 所读的简短评论或非正式评论commentary 对某著作, 时间系统的注解或评论, 比赛的现场报道criticism 文艺作品, 音乐表演, 戏剧表演的批评, 评论note 就某一问题在书页边上的注解, 评论see the ～remark 简短, 非正式评论 a few ～s on sth.70.touch 修饰, 增补pace 踱步, 规则步伐stroll 漫步, 闲逛, 走走停停, 心境不快strod e 大踏步走swung along/past/by 轻松地走abolish 法律, 习俗制度的取消或废除cancel 预先安排的活动取消, 删去字句eliminate 消除, 淘汰, 已存在但不需要的东西71.dispose 解决, 处置, 扔掉+ofsenior to(prep.)人年龄大, 资格老superior 人, 物指等级, 价值, 军衔等, 有优越感的意思supreme 正式用语, 等级权利品质上最高, 无可匹敌72.superlative 最高的, 最佳的, 形容词副词最高级asset 断言, 宣称, 主管自信或清楚有力坚持某个情况为事实affirm 肯定宣称某事为事实, 强调相信或坚定信念announce 宣布, 宣告, 初次当众宣布某一主张, 预告意味73.proclaim 宣布宣告成立, 深思熟虑后向大众宣布明确决定或判断, 重大事件, 官方场合blank 纸张上没写字或无记号, 毫无表情go ～一片空白empty 内部无一人或物, 话空洞无意义vacant 未被占用的74.holl ow 空的, 空心的partial 部分的, 不完全的trivial 琐细的, 无足轻重的, 容易解决, 不重要slight 轻微的, 纤细的, 微乎其微, 身材瘦弱, 内容肤浅75.minimal 最小的, 最低限度ment on/about 对…评论reaction to 对…反映/见解impression on 给…的印象, of 对…的印象prehension of 理解力, 了解fabricate 编造, 虚构, 伪造～an excusefake 伪造, 假装～illnessforge 仿造, 伪造钞票文献作品78.pretend 假装伪装, 故意骗人call off 喊走, 取消（活动）, 转移（注意力）call up 打电话, 传讯, 征召（入伍）, 使人回忆起call out 叫喊, 命令行动, 引起, 使起作用～for sth.79.call over 看望, 探访, 点名～to see sb.80.porch 走廊vent 通风孔, 排放口inl et 入水口, 进气entry 入口处81.skate 滑冰～on the iceskid 路面滑而向一面打滑, 汽车自行车车轮失控～into the ditchslid e （顺畅）在光滑表面滑行82.slip 失足, 滑倒intensify 增强, 加剧amplify 放大（声音）, 进一步阐述enlarge 扩大, 放大（体积容积）, 爱好, 活动范围, 增长83.reinforce 加强, 增强～my viewcarry on 继续进行, 从事, 忙于take on 呈现, 承担catch on 变的流行, 理解, 明白84.get on 继续, 进行, 上车glimpse 瞥见, 一瞥, 一点点, 点滴glance 一瞥, 一眼glare 怒目, 刺眼强光, 受公众注目in the ～of publicitygl eam 微光（某种感情闪现）, 耀眼的光a～of hope一线希望flash 亮光闪了一闪, 短暂sparkl e 晶体闪闪发光, 钻石的闪光85.twinkl e 亮光闪闪烁烁, 星光, 眼睛因快乐而闪光86.spectator 观看比赛或某事件的观众viewer 电视观众participant 参与者onl ooker 旁观者drain 排水, 消耗vi时排出, 消耗的东西为主语drop 落下, 主语为滴落的液体spill 溢出, 溅出drip 某物往下滴水dissipation 浪费挥霍, 消散87.expenditure 经费, 支出, 消耗growth 生长过程, 发展upbringing 教养d evel opment 发展, 发育, 成长88.cultivation 种植庄稼, 耕作89.limit 时间空间数量能量产品作出规定～the speedrestrict 严禁限制, 把某人某物限制在一定范围内～oneself to90.confine 施加不可逾越的限制, 暗示束缚, 因素91.tumbl e to 忽然察觉stick to 坚持, 坚守come to 降临, 发生92.adjust to 调整, 适应gl oomy 灰暗的, 令人沮丧的, 形容前景暗淡不景气, 形容人的悲观情绪shady 背阴的, 阴凉的shad owy 朦胧的, 模糊不清的, 阴凉的obscure 模糊难理解的, 不出名的, 某事物模糊不清, 因知识缺少而难解dim 暗淡的, 模糊的, 光线薄弱看不清ambiguous 模糊的, 模棱两可的, 字词句有歧义而使人模糊93.vague 不明确, 暧昧的, 言辞笼统而不清be ～about 不清楚bare 裸露, 缺少必要的遮盖物naked 裸露～eye 肉眼bald 秃顶, 山坡无树无草, 树顶无叶94.barren 贫瘠不毛, 缺少肥力或生活能力, 人不孕95.hand in 上交hand out 分发hand d own 把＊一代代传下去96.hand over 移交, 交出impact 对…产生影响, 撞击impeach 控告, 告发imped e 阻碍, 阻止impend 即将发生nurse 护理, 照料tend 照顾照料, 出于责任心, 博爱而不是私人感情foster 促进, 哺育, 对孩子关心鼓励, 供养, 抚育成长, 促进增长发展97.nourish 喂养, 滋养, 用食物促进生长98.make a pl edge 发誓make a warranty 担保make a claim to 认为…是属于自己的make a guarantee 保证blund er 因无知而犯下的错, 大错, 愚蠢的错误error 判断, 计算或行为上的错误, 治理, 道义上的错误mistake 误会或粗心遗忘所导致的错误99.fault 一般指小且可宽容的缺陷, 错误at ～有责任, 犯过失erectly 直立地, 强调位置姿势挺直地, 不弯曲, 不倾斜straightly 笔直地, 可指水平方向上的笔直, 垂直方向上的不弯曲, 修饰客观事物vertically 垂直地, 竖式地, 垂直于水平线的100.uprightly 竖直地, 正直地101.exert on 对…施加影响压力exalt 正式赞美, 歌颂excel at 擅长, 优于, 优胜别人102.exile 放逐, 流放rend er 给予, 提供renovate 更新, 革新renounce 宣布放弃职位或信仰等103.renew 续期, 更新distort 扭曲, 曲解d eviate 越轨, 脱离d epict 描画, 描述104.divert 转移, 转向favored 受优惠的, 有特权的favoring 顺利的, 有帮助的, 少用favorite 偏爱的, 特别爱慕的105.favorabl e 赞成的, 有利地recommend 推荐, 有称赞价值clap one’s hands=applaud 为某人鼓掌commend 表扬, 称赞, 对具体功绩成就表达嘉奖, 指上级对下级, 长辈对晚辈pliment on 称赞, 侧重客气和礼貌, 含恭维之意fl ock 鸟群, 羊群school 鱼群herd 兽群107.swarm 一大群在季节飞行的昆虫, 有时也指人pick on 打岔, 过不去pick over 挑出来pick out 挑出108.pick up on 注意到, 继续讨论confrontation with对质, 双方对抗局面, 双方意见迥异contradiction 事物间矛盾, 指言辞见解或观点矛盾冲突conflict 人与人, 国与国在价值观, 利益行为等方面不同, 冲突petition 竞赛, 竞争discharge 使某人从监禁, 护理, 责任中释放出be ～d from hospitaldismiss 解雇, 解散～an empl oyeeexpel 驱逐be ～l ed from school 开除resign 辞职～from 辞去…vacuous 茫然的, 空洞的vanilla 香草味的, 普通的valiant 勇敢的, 英勇的110.vagrant 流浪的, 漂泊的invariably 始终不变, 总是ordinarily 平常普通的111.persistently 连续, 坚持不懈地abstract 摘要, 对学术论文或法律论据作的简述digest 文摘, 对原文的浓缩, 缩后保持原文顺序, 重点, 风格outline 大纲pl ot 情节substantial 事实上的, 相称的synthetic 合成的continual 连续不断的, 频繁的, 时断时续的发生continuous 不断的, 连续不断的, 中间不断顿constant 不断的, 恒久不变的, 始终如一的, 经常出现112.successive 连续的, 相继的audition 听觉, 试听illusion 错觉, 幻觉intuition 直觉113.d elusion 错觉, 幻想, 迷惑retire from退休, 退役retreat 撤退, 退却, 悲观, 多指被迫采用退下, 推却行动withdraw 撤回, 撤退, 因某因素离开, 含礼貌, 恭谦, 军队撤退114.resign from 辞退, 退出break through 突围, 突破go through 经历, 经受put through 接通, 完毕, 使穿过115.pull through 渡过难关, 恢复健康prol on.vt.将时间延长到正常限度之外extend 时间空间上的扩展延续stretch 将事物长度延长, 宽度加宽超过规定范围和限度116.l engthen 长度期限拉长, 延长feasibl e 可行的, 实行后成功practicabl e 可实行的, 但效果不一定抱负practical 实践的, 实用的, 未经实践检查的事物117.pragmatic 讲究务实的, 用常识能解决实际问题, 不追求不切实际的目的explain 解释, 使人明白, 弄懂, 远离啊不清楚的东西illustrate 用图或例子说明interpret 诠释, 解释, 阐释文学作品等抽象事物118.account for 说明因素, 理由d ecline to d o婉言谢绝=refuse politely 拒绝社交活动邀请, 规定帮助refuse to d o坚决, 不客气拒绝reject 拒绝来往或与sth.有纠葛, 否认, 敌对态度119.d eny 否认, 否认medium 限度中档, 普通, 平庸mid dl e 位置上居中intermediate 中级, 发展过程的阶段mid 中间the ～17.th centuryabundant 数量充足, 人, 动物, 资源, 雨量pl entiful 食物收获财产, 不用于语言思想时间空间generous 大量, 慷慨, 薪水福利sufficient 足够的=enoughsen.u.sth.发射（火箭）, 取笑conjure up 使某事物浮现, 祈求显灵summon up 振作, 鼓起, 使出力气～a smil e120.squeeze up 挤紧, 挤拢suspens.不了解进展而激动，紧张，悬.keep/hol.sb.insuspending 延迟suspension 暂时停职, 停学, 停赛suspend er （裤子）吊带get over 从疾病, 打击中恢复, 克服get away 走开, 逃脱get off 下来, 下车121.get across 通过, 被理解compe.逼迫，迫使，运用权利，力量迫使对方做事，也表别无办.sth..sb.t.d ooblige 逼迫, 根据法律或道义be ~d byrestrict 约束, 制约be ~ed inmand 命令, 规定, 绝对权威的人的正式命令, 被命令的人有听从服从命令的义务mark 可见的印记, 特别的特性, 留下的痕迹signal 从皆知的, 有约定俗成意义的符号, 信号sign 符号, 征兆, 表达123.gesture 姿势, 手势, 肢体动作district 地区, 行政区region 范围更大, 有一定特点, 有特殊情况或特殊势力影响的地区vicinity 周边地区, 附近地区in the ～of 124.zone 特定地方, 地带earthquake ～pull out （火车）离站, 撤离, 离开pull up 拔起, 停下pull through 脱离危险期, 渡过难关125.pull over （车）靠边, 停靠路边batch 一批, 一组, 大量patch 片, 补丁scratch 乱写, 刮擦声, 抓痕, 擦伤126.hatch 孵化, 舱口take 持有, 怀有某种想法意见～the viewentertain 心理或感情上怀有某事物～id eas/d oubtsallo.允.～sb.(t.d o.sth.stick 坚持立场～todisfavor 不赞成, 不喜欢dispel 驱散, 赶走disqualif.使…无资.～sb.fro.将某人从…开除127.dismiss 让…离开, 免职, 人作主语128.motionless 物体或人静止不动inactive 不活动的, 怠惰的, 不工作的an ～lifestyl estagment 不流动的, 不景气的 a ～economy129.immobile 在某地纹丝不动, 无法移动的clues 线索, 提醒～to 发现真相cue 给人提醒, 标准或模仿的暗示, 指示implication 含义, 暗示, 未明确, 意会130.indication 迹象, 表达certify 用保证书, 许可证来证明confirm 用权威性论述或无可争辩的事实确认testify 作证, 证明verify 核算确认言论说法情况资料属实at large 详尽的, 未被捕的131.at l ength 最后, 具体的murd er 谋杀, 凶杀slaughter 屠杀, 屠宰, 接人或动物massacre （强）大屠杀, 杀无自卫能力的assassinate 因政治因素用非法手段杀害政治领袖人物132.consent 批准conscience 良心, 道德consensus 一致, 舆论133.consciousness 意识, 知觉134.impair 损害impose 强加integrate 合并refrain from 节制, 忍着不做135.restrai.克制，克.～sb.fro.d oin.sth.136.agreement 泛指任何一种达成一致的协议contract 协议, 书面正式条约, 与生意有关treaty 条约, 谈判, 外交达成协定, 依国际法为准则137.convention 公约, 多国, 多集体解决事物的公式, 正式eccentric 人的行为举止古怪, 怪癖queer 反常, 奇怪, 含所修饰事物存在问题的意思absurb 荒唐, 荒唐可笑unique 独一无二get off the ground （计划, 经商点子）有进展on the ground 在现场（战争）below ground 在地下, 去世的138.above ground 在地下, 在世的d escend from世代相传, 后裔stem from 由…导致originate in起源于d erive from 追溯起源vanish 语气强, 完全, 往往是神秘而忽然的消失, 不留蛛丝马迹disappear 强调从视线或脑海中消失, 暂时, 忽然, 永久的fad e away 侧重逐渐消失evaporate 蒸发in light of 根据, 鉴于, 考虑到in favor of 赞同, 支持in course of 在…中fresh 新鲜, 未用过的novel 新事物的新奇, 独特original 独创性, 原创性139.innovate 富于创新, 革新精神140.empirically 经验为主地exceptionally 意外地, 特殊地explicitly 明白地, 明确地extravagantly 挥霍无度地eternal 永恒的, 时间上的连续infinite 数量限度上的巨大, 某物无限制, 边界ceasel ess 不断地141.everlasting 永恒的, 不变的set d own 写下, 记录, 记下set up 开办, 建立, 设立set about 开始忙碌, 着手工作142.set off 出发, 动身assignment 工作, 作业, 指上级分给下级一定量的期限完毕的工作mission 使命, 任务, 政治, 宗教, 商业tour 观光路程rol e 角色aggravate 复旦罪行病情加重, 使恶化provoke 刺激, 导致strengthen 加强, 巩固, 增强143.intensify 使强烈, 加剧inconsid erabl e 微小的, 价值低的inconsid erate 不体贴别人的calculate 计算, 打算speculate 推测, 思考circulate 流传, 循环144.regulate 调控, 校准normal 正常的, 普通的, 达正常水平, 与abnormal 相对general 普通的, 影响有关事物大多数的, 大多数的特性usual 平常的, 通常的, 强调常见, 不稀奇的145.average 普通的, 一般的, 强调一般水平,普通水准146.conspicuous 明显或值得注意的事物noticeabl e 显著的, 易察觉的147.prominent 重要的, 接触的, 卓越的seniority 年长, 资历深, 职位高superiority 优越, 优等height 高度, 高148.hierarchy 等级制度, 统治集团faint 眩晕的, 人在特定场合感到虚弱, 由于某种因素导致的暂时的情况feebl e 身体衰弱无力, 与年纪大有关fragil e 物体易碎的, 人体质虚弱易受伤vulnerabl e 易受伤害的149.regretful 人后悔的regrettabl e 某事令人遗憾的hoist 升起, 吊起, 借助机械手段来提高重物ascend 物体逐渐继续上升, 升起rocket 强调上升忽然且速度迅猛150.arose from无形的, 抽象的东西的出现或产生151.alternatively 两者选其一alternately 交替地jointly 联合地, 共同地152.mutually 互相地, 彼此地comprise 包含, 由…组成compose of 由…组成, 常被动consist of 由…组成, 积极153.constitute 构成, 组成prize 奖赏, 奖bonus 奖金, 分红reward 奖励, 赏金154.gratuity 小费, 退职金turn d own 拒绝, 调小, 调低turn out 生产, 结果是, 关掉turn up 出现, 发生155.turn in 上交, 归还156.betray 背叛d eceive 故意识使人误入歧途, 诱惑使人被骗上当, 信认为真misl ead 误导, 误解157.trick 以小计谋狡猾, 不光彩地捉弄d epreciation 贬值, 跌价d eposition 在法庭上宣布作证, 证词158.d epression 不景气, 萧条159.air 气氛160.climate 气候, 某一时期社会风气, 潮流161.fundamentally 主线地insignificantly 无关紧要地actual 实际的, 现实的, 事实上已发生或存在的, 不仅是在理论上也许发生或存在的true 真实的, 与实际相符, 而非虚假authentic 某食物来源真实, 非虚构, 表经鉴定为真实可靠的162.genuine 货真价实, 不是伪造或掺有杂质, 强调物体自身纯真度embrace 包含, 拥抱elaborate 精心制作, 具体阐述exaggerate 夸张, 夸大163.embark 上传或飞机, 从事convert to 转变, 变换contribute to 捐赠, 奉献correspond to 相应, 符合164.consent to 批准, 答应, 赞成165.in issue 在争论中in terms 在商谈中invaluabl e 无法估价的, 非常宝贵的priceless 无价的, 极有价值的unworthy of 不值的, 局限性取的worthl ess 没有价值的166.issue 官方正式渠道发行邮票纪念币股票distribute 把东西发给所属者, 应得者publish 出版发行文字作品, 发布新闻, 间接167.release 准予发表, 发布发行新闻唱片, 电影软件168.out of reach 没技能权利金钱而难以实现out of stock 无现货的, 脱销, 无库存out of business 破产, 失业169.out of season 蔬菜, 水果不妥季, 反季节170.rich knowl edgequick brain 机智灵活productive 多产, 富饶171.fertile brain 主意多, 有发明力ignore 故意不顾, 不理显而易见的事物negl ect 故意忽略有职责义务的事情omit 故意或无意忘掉, 删去overl ook 因匆忙仓促视而不见assault 袭击, 袭击all ege 宣称, 断言ascribe to 归因于pursue 继续做, 从事, 事业, 研究d evote to 奉献engage in 从事seek 寻求stereotypical 老套的, 过时的religioustraditional 传统的, 行为态度守旧的orthod ox 观念做法正统的l ook over 审查账目, 端详l ook after关心, 照应l ook into 调查172.l ook through 温习, 浏览173.d ecay 从健全或完整状态下自然或逐渐变坏rot 语气最强, 暗示腐烂到无法辨认的限度spoil 语气最轻, 指家中的或市场上的食物变坏174.corrupt 人为权或钱做非法的事情, 道德败坏contaminate 弄脏, 污染contemplate 深思, 注视consolidate 巩固, 加固175.contradict 否认, 辩驳distinct 有区别的, 清楚的, 指一切清楚可辨的东西, 不强调与同类事物的差异evid ent 无可争议的清楚, 抽象事物及推理explicit 声明, 规定, 清楚明确176.transparent 某事含义清除易懂, 谎言借口显而易见177.class 特性时间限度方面的不同对同一事物进行分类或排列grad e 事物质量, 价值提成不同等级, 层次rank among/below 按照价值地位名望不同将人或物放入合适位置178.rat.sb.a.对事物的等级价值层次作出决定, 对…评价ascertain 拟定, 查明ascribe 归因于, 归咎于avert 防止, 转移179.assert 断言, 主张fame 好名声, 声誉, 有某种成就而为众人所知honor 荣誉, 名誉, 某人用崇高或英雄行为举止而得到的荣誉reputation 名望, 名声, 局外人或公众对某人某事的见解, 可好可坏180.worship 崇敬, 仰慕, 怀有宗教般的虔诚崇敬的感情brief 短暂的, 简介的, 某事延续时间短暂, 指发言, 文章内容简短扼要instant 瞬间的, 即刻的, 时间短, 不含连续意味prompt 及时的, 准时的, 时间短, 不连续181.transient 短暂, 转瞬即逝, 描述一个连续时间很短worn away 消磨打发, 时间流逝worn d own 使消瘦, 厌烦worn out 使疲乏, 厌倦, 使耗尽182.worn off 渐渐减少, 消逝rigid about常指法律规章制度死板过严, 也指人固执, 难以改变solid 物质结构坚硬, 结实stiff from d oing人体肌肉或关节僵直疼痛, 人行为拘谨, 生硬183.strict 对规则标准严格遵守, 人严格严厉sheer 全然的, 纯粹的, 修饰抽象名词～d elightutter 完全的, 彻底的, 说话人否认态度的场合at an ～l oss 不知所措pure 纯粹的, 纯的, 不混杂其他杂质, 强调事情的彻底性, 所有性184.thorough 完全彻底的, 无漏掉的, 强调没漏掉任何东西remedy 补救, 治疗revive 清醒, 复兴reproach 责备, 申斥185.revenge 报复, 洗雪reckon on 依赖, 指望frown on 不赞成, 反对speculate on 考虑, 推测186.figure on 打算, 把…估计在内187.blind 瞎d eaf 聋dumb 哑, 沉默不语的inarticulate 口齿不清的188.result in(结果)/from(因素)assure 使放心entail 使成为必要, 必然导致accomplish 完毕exceed 超过超过, 超过某种可以度量的限度或已知的限度overtake 赶上超过, 因速度赶上某人或车辆transcend 超过, 超越, 指概念范围, 分类等抽象方面超过189.surmount 超越, 战胜, 克服困难, 超越障碍venturesome 某一过度的冒险爱好, 在行动前对形势做了谨慎的估计daring 大胆, 果断, 英勇rash 言语行动上的轻率, 一时冲动190.reckl ess 不小心, 不考虑自己或别人, 不顾后果set up 创建, 设立set forth 陈述观点, 启程set about 着手于, 开始干191.set in 开始, （讨厌的, 不受欢迎的事物）到来192.burglar 夜间撬窗破门行窃bandit 在乡间或森林地区结帮活动, 恐吓或暴力行窃的人, 现指有组织或单独抢劫的盗匪gangster 结伴进行各种非法活动的武装歹徒prirate 海盗mediate 调解, 斡旋, 指第三方通过与矛盾双方对话达成协议, 解决纷争reconcil e 调和, 和解, 指使两个相反或完全不同的意见信念需求达成和谐一致, 两人吵架或纷争后和好interfere with 妨碍, 干预, 贬义in 干预别人事务intervene 干涉, 干预, 正式且带有行动的干预interrupt 打扰, 打断, 阻碍, 打断某人说话disturb 打扰, 妨碍, 失去了正常的状态或导致困难产生193.involve 卷入困境, 罪行, 导致复杂或尴尬局面beneficial 对身体健康有益, 又帮助或对事业起良好作用advantageous 有利的, 取得优势或占先favorabl e for 环境有利194.preferabl e to更好的, 更合适的, 更可取的impartial 不偏袒的, 公平的, 结论公正objective 真实客观, 以客观事物为依据impersonal 没有人情味的, 人情冷淡195.inhuman 残暴的, 无同情心的, 无人性的drastically 彻底地, 大大的196.pred ominantly 重要的, 大部分地cond ense 浓缩, 提炼, 精简, 指增长某物密度, 使之变小, 也指把书中不重要的部分去掉, 保持本质。
英语专业四级词汇辨析剖析共58页共60页
英语专业四级词汇辨析剖析共58页
1、合法而稳定的权力在使用得当时很 少遇到 抵抗。 ——塞 ·约翰 逊 2、权力会使人渐渐失去温厚善良的美 德。— —伯克
3、最大限度地行使权力总是令人反感 ；权力 不易确 定之处 始终存 在着危 险。— —塞·约翰逊 4、权力会奴化一切。——塔西佗
5、虽然权力是一头固执的熊，可是金 子可以 拉着它 的鼻子 走。— —莎士 比
英语专业四级易混淆词汇辨析
the morning but ___ slightly in the afternoon.(2006-78) A. regained B. recovered C. restored D. revived
Preserve, reserve, conserve
Preserve, reserve, conserve
I’d like to _r_e_se_r_ve__ three tables for supper tonight, please. One big problem today is how we can c_o_n_s_er_v_e_ our soil and water. He’s well _p_r_e_se_r_ve_d___. Nobody would guess that he is already 89. British people are often described as quite _re_s_er_v_e_d, unlike
be ____as_su_r_e ___ed by the fact that your ex feels even worse. • __As_s_ur_e/_re_a_ss_ur_e your son that his piano playing sounds wonderful. • ____e_n_su_r_e __ that your daughter practices her dance routine.
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Scan: 1. To examine closely. 2.To look over quickly and systematically: 扫视,浏览
glimpse: A brief, incomplete view or look. glance, glimpse 均指“匆匆的一瞥”，但是glimpse指“瞥见”, 是glance 的结果。“take a glance at ...(看一看)的结果便是“get a glimpse of ...”(瞥见了)
_____ with cold. (2004-60) A. spinning B. shivering C. shaking D. staggering
ABWord BuilFra biblioteking—Vocabulary Expansion
general verbs look/see/watch
specific verbs
scan （细查，扫视） glimpse（瞥见，简短的一瞥） glare（怒目而视） stare（凝视） gaze（集中注意力看，凝视）
glance（粗略地看一下，扫视） peep （窥视，偷窥） peek（瞥一眼，偷窥） peer（细看）
different ways of “looking”
scan glimpse glare stare gaze glance peep peek
to its previous splendor. (2006-67) A. refreshing B. restoring C. renovating D. renewing Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in
the morning but ___ slightly in the afternoon.(2006-78) A. regained B. recovered C. restored D. revived
近义词辨析 词根词缀辨析 形近词辨析 固定搭配
近义词辨析
After the heavy rain, a builder was called to repair the roof, which was ___. (200676)
A. leaking B. trickling C. dripping D. floating She was standing outside in the snow,
It is rude to _s_t_a_re_. We _g_a_ze_d_ in wonder at the thing before us.
“I must go ,” she saidg,la_n_c_i_n_g__ at her watch.
He _p_e_e_p_e_d_/_p_e_e_k_e_d_ through the gate into the garden.
词根词缀辨析
Jimmy earns his living by ___ works of art in the museum. (2004-57)
A. recovering B. restoring C. renewing D. reviving A great amount of work has gone into ___ the Cathedral
glare: To stare fixedly and angrily.
Stare: To look at directly and fixedly: word can indicate curiosity, boldness, insolence, or stupidity
gaze: To look steadily, intently, and with fixed attention. It is often indicative of wonder, fascination, awe, or admiration:
Peer: peer is to look narrowly, searchingly, and seemingly with difficulty: 指肤浅地、注意地、似乎带点困难地看：she peered through her spectacles at the contract
Peek: To look or peer furtively, as from a place of concealment. 偷窥
He _s_c_a_n_n_e_d the doctor’s face for a sign of hope.
I only caught a __g_li_m_p_s_e_ of the parcel, so I can’t guess what was inside.
They didn’t fight, but stood theregl_a_ri_n_g_ at one another.
BBB
形近词辨析
assure，ensure，insure，reassure
Practice Makes Perfect
• Jimmy needed to __________ that his safe was properly locked.
• Sara ________ed her motorcycle before she rode it. • No matter how bad you feel about your breakup, you can
专四词汇讲座 By Wuhan Zhu
词汇部分
题型
固定搭配
动词辨析
形容词副词 名词辨析 辨析
总计
6
2
4
3
15
4
5
3
4
16
4
3
4
4
15
6
3
4
2
16
4
4
5
3
16
9
3
4
4
20
1
2
9
3
15
4
2
5
2
13
3
5
5
2
15
3
4
4
5
16
2
7
3
3
15
总计
46
40
50
35
171
从历年百的分考比试真题来26看.90，%词汇部分23的.39题%目数量在291.234道%至20道2范0.围47之%内，四类/ 题型（固 定搭配、动词辨析、形容词副词辨析、名词辨析）的比例大致持平。