international monetary system
Revision
14. Since the balance of payments is presented as a system of double-entry bookkeeping, A. every credit in the account is balanced by a matching debit. B. every debit in the account is balanced by a matching credit. C. answers a) and b) are both true D. none of the above
I Multiple choices
5. An example of a political risk is A. expropriation of assets. B. adverse change in tax rules. C. the opposition party being elected. D. both answers a) and b) are correct. 6. Production of goods and services has become globalized to a large extent as a result of A. natural resources being depleted in one country after another. B. skilled labor being highly mobile. C. multinational corporations' efforts to source inputs and locate production anywhere where costs are lower and profits higher. D. common tastes worldwide for the same goods and services.
经济学专业英语[汇总]
![经济学专业英语[汇总]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/19a2a6ed760bf78a6529647d27284b73f24236cc.png)
Unit one经济体系economic system经济目标economic goal经济活动economic activi ty经济增长economic growth经济萧条economic depressi on经济理论economic theory经济收益economic benefi t经济效益economic resul t s经济效益economic performance 经济效益economic effectiveness 经济环境economic environment经济政策economic policy经济欲望economic want s经济模式economic mound/model经济杠杆economic lever经济机构economic instituti on经济布局economic pattern经济命脉economic lifeline经济结构economic structure经济合同economic contract经济危机economic crisis经济奇迹economic miracl e经济实体economic entity经济制裁economic sancti on经济基础economic bas is/base经济复苏economic recovery Unit two有效需求effective demand市场需求market demand供大于求oversupply/gult(supply exceed s demand)供给曲线supply curve需求量quantity deman ded需求变化change in demanded需求定律law of demand需求曲线demand curve供不应求weak supply市场机制market mechanism需求分析demand analys is供给表supply schedule反向关系negative relationship市场价格market price均衡价格equilibrium pri ce实际价格actual priceUnit three讨价还价price bargai n价格可比性price comparability 时价表/行情表price current最低价（限度）price fl oor最高价（限度）price ceiling价格波动price fluctuation物价指数price index价格变动幅度price range价格暴涨price boom价格管制price control价格预测price expectation 提价price increase物价水平price level价格尺度price measure价格剪刀差price scissors物价稳定price stabili ty物价螺旋上升price spiral价格战price war价格调整price adjustment价格歧视price discriminationUnit four利润最大化profit maximizati on总收益total revenue机会成本opportunity costs显性成本explicit costs隐性成本implicit costs经济利润economic profi t会计利润accounting profit正常利润normal profi t固定成本fixed costs可变成本variable costs平均总成本average total costs边际成本marginal costs 私人成本private costs社会成本social costs经济决策economic decision maki ngUnit five进入壁垒barriers to entry潜在原因potential cause现实经济actual economy市场份额market share公共利益public interest收取较高价格charge high er price s赚取较多利润earn higher profi t s自然垄断natural monopol y垄断地位monopoly positi on竞争性市场competitive market增强竞争increase competition行政管理人员administrative staff成本-收益分析cost-benefit analys i s管制制度regulatory system无谓损失deadweight l oss筹款raise money集体所有制collective ownership利益集团interest group产业革命industrial revolution实际上（3个）in practice/effect/essence与此相比b y c ontrast简而言之put s implyUnit six不完全竞争imperfect competition市场结构market structure制造业manufacturing industry产品差异化product differentiation相互依赖mutual interdependence换句话说（3个）stated another waystated differently/in other word s标准化产品standardized product法律壁垒legal barrier非价格竞争non price competiti on运动鞋athletic shoe减价（2个）price cut/reduction涨价price hike做出定价决策make pricing deci si on s价格刚性price rigidity价格大战price war瓦解break up贫富差距the gap between the rich and the poorUnit seven国民收入核算national income account国内生产总值gross adj.总共的domestic product国民生产总值gross national product 国内生产净值net domestic product实际国内生产总值real gross domestic product名义国内生产总值nominal gross domestic product现值美元current dollar最终产品final good s增加值，附加值value added销售税sales tax市场价格market price净收入net income生产要素factor of product ion不变美元constant dollar中间产品intermediate good s本期产出current output货物税excise n. 消费税；货物税tax净价net price要素成本factor cost实际产出physical outputUnit eight资本积累capital accumulati on总生产函数aggregate production function劳动供给labor supply物质资本physical capital收益递减diminishing returns人力资本human capital资本存量capital stock劳动生产率labor product ivity劳动力labor force规模经济economi es n.节约（economy复数）of scale Unit nine抢购panic n. 恐慌buying基年base year加权法weight measurement物价指数price index收入分配income distribution需求拉上型通货膨胀demand-pull inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀cost-push inflation通货膨胀率inflation rate生产价值produc tion value货币供应量money suppl yUnit eleven外汇资产foreign exchange assets n. 资产外汇经纪人foreign exchange broker外汇负债foreign exchange liabilities负债外汇市场foreign exchange market外汇汇率foreign exchange rate资产结合平衡理论portfolio证券投资组合balance theory中央银行central bank干预市场intervene干涉in the market外汇银行foreign exchange bank外汇波动foreign exchange fluctuation外汇许可foreign exchange license外汇牌价foreign exchange quotati ons外汇储备foreign exchange reserve s n. 储备货币理论monetary theory增加需求increase demand以英镑标价的证券Sterling-denominated securitiesUnit twelve金融市场financial market金融中心financial center金融工具financial instrument金融资本financial capital金融体系financial system金融机制financial mechani sm金融危机financial crisis金融期货financial future金融机构financial institution金融风险financial risk金融债券financial bond金融政策financial poli cy国际储备international reserve国际结算international settlement国际汇兑international exchange国际金融international finance国际债务international debt国际租赁international leasing国际货币体系international monetary system 国际资本流动international capital movement国际外汇市场international foreign exchange market国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund。
中美贸易争端常用英语词汇
中美贸易争端Trade disputes between China and the United States1.最惠国待遇 MFN / most-favored-nation-treatment2. 触发贸易战 Spark a Trade War3. 国际贸易条约 International Trade Treaty4. 国际经济关系 International Economic Relations5. 国际货币体系 International Currency System / International Monetary System6. 自由兑换 Convertibility7. 贸易协定 Trade Agreement8. 反倾销 Anti-Dumping9. 离岸价 FOB / Free on Board10. 到岸价 DES / Delivered Ex Ship9. 关税及贸易总协定 GATT / General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade10. 国际贸易组织 ITO / International Trade Organization11. 世界贸易组织 WTO / World Trade Organization12. 国际货币基金组织 IMF / International Monetary Fund13. 世界银行 /国际复兴开发银行World Bank / International Bank for Reconstruction and Development14. 国际商会 ICC / International Chamber of Commerce15. 中国国际贸易促进委员会CCPIT / China Council for the Promotion of International Trade16. 进口许可证 Import License17. 出口许可证 Export License18. 多边贸易谈判 MTN / Multilateral Trade Negotiations19. 多边贸易体制 Multilateral Trade System20. 自由贸易区 Free Trade Area21. 贸易壁垒 Trade barriers22. 贸易保护主义 Trade Protectionism23. 非关税措施 NTMs / Non-tariff Measures24. 外汇管制 Foreign Exchange Control25. 国际结算 International Settlements26. 外汇交易 Foreign Exchange Transactions27. 反补贴 Countervailing28. 国际收支 International Balance of Payment29. 汇率 Exchange Rate30. 外汇市场 Foreign Exchange Market。
银行英语词汇
银行英语词汇clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler s cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar s note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 预备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross p roduct 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直截了当（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时刻 </P< p>常见银行英语词汇account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 托付开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 托付银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 预备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直截了当（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时刻常见银行英语词汇account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家?president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 托付开证银行?issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 托付银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 预备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货?soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直截了当（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时刻。
The International Monetary System
History of the International Monetary System
• Exhibit 3.1 summarizes exchange rate regimes since 1860 • The Gold Standard (1876 – 1913)
– Increasing fluctuations in currency values became realized as speculators sold short weaU.S. adopted a modified gold standard in 1934
Exhibit 3.1 The Evolution of Capital Mobility
History of the International Monetary System
• The Inter-War Years & WWII (1914-1944)
– During this period, currencies were allowed to fluctuate over a fairly wide range in terms of gold and each other
– Gold has been a medium of exchange since 3000 BC – “Rules of the game” were simple, each country set the rate at which its currency unit could be converted to a weight of gold – Currency exchange rates were in effect “fixed”
金融学专业术语 中英文
金融学专业术语中英文B 半强式效率semi-strong efficiency 指在证券价格充分反映了所有的公开信息（包括历史价格和交易情况，但不局限于此。
）半通货膨胀Semi-inflation 当经济逐渐接近充分就业时，货币供给增加所形成的过度总需求一方面使产出增加，另一方面又使价格逐渐上升。
保险合约insurance contract 是保险公司与被保险人之间签订的当某一事件发生时按约定的费率给予被保险人赔偿的合约。
本金principal 本期收益率current yield 本位币standard money 按照国家规定的金属、单位货币的名称和重量铸造的货币。
边际储蓄倾向Marginal Propensity to Save ,MPS 反映可支配收入每增加以单位时储蓄支出增加的数量。
边际消费倾向Marginal Propensity to Concume ,MPC 反映可支配收入每增加一个单位时小分支出增加的数量。
补偿性公共支出compensatory public spending 政府财政预算应于社会经济条件保持相同的步调，即政府应在萧条期间实施结构性预算赤字的政策，而在经济繁荣时，就要保持适当的盈余。
不动产信用控制real estate credit control 指中央银行对商业银行等金融机构向客户提供不动产抵押贷款的管理 措施。
C 财富效应wealth effect 财富变动对消费和储蓄倾向的影响。
财务担保guarantee 贷款人要求担保人为借款人的借款提供经济担保，当借款人无力偿还借款时，由担保人负责偿还的一种经济合同。
财务公司financial company 通过发行商业票据、股票或从银行借款获得资金，再利用这些资金对个人或企业进行小额贷款。
财政赤字论fiscal deficit theory 克鲁格曼（Krugman,1979）提出财政赤字导致货币危机的理论。
财政性通货膨胀理论fiscal inflation theory 通过财政政策来鼓励通货膨胀的理论。
国际金融英文版教学设计
国际金融英文版教学设计1. IntroductionInternational Finance is an important course for business and economics students who are interested in understanding the global financial system. This course will introduce students to the international monetary system, exchange rates, international finance and investment.This document outlines a teaching plan for the International Finance course in English.2. Course ObjectivesThe objectives of the International Finance course are to:•Introduce students to the concept and theories of international finance.•Develop an understanding of how exchange rates work and how they affect the global financial system.•Familiarize students with risk assessment, management, and hedging strategies in international finance.•Analyze the impact of fiscal and monetary policy in the global financial system.•Understand the role of international institutions like the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in global finance.3. Course OutlineWeek 1: Introduction to International Finance•Definition and scope of International Finance.•International monetary system.•The advantages and disadvantages of international finance. Week 2: Foreign Exchange Markets•The balance of payments.•Exchange rate determination.•Exchange rate regimes.Week 3: Foreign Exchange Exposure and Transaction Exposure •Types of foreign exchange exposure.•Measuring transaction exposure.•Hedging transaction exposure.Week 4: Translation Exposure and Economic Exposure•Measuring translation exposure.•Types of economic exposure.•Hedging economic exposure.Week 5: International Financing Strategy•Types of international financing strategy.•Factors affecting the choice of international financing strategy.Week 6: International Investment Strategy•Types of international investment strategy.•Factors affecting the choice of international investment strategy.Week 7: International Financial Management and Control•Financial management in an international environment.•Control mechanisms for international financial management.Week 8: International Monetary System•The function of the International Monetary System.•International exchange rate regimes and their evolution.Week 9: International Monetary and Fiscal Policy•The role of monetary and fiscal policy in international finance.•The impact of government policies on exchange rates.Week 10: International Institutions and Global Financial System •The role of international institutions like the IMF and the World Bank in global finance.•The relationship between international institutions and the global financial system.4. Teaching MethodologyThe teaching methodology for the International Finance course will be a combination of lectures, case studies, and class discussions. The lectures will provide an overview of the course content, while the case studies will allow students to apply their knowledge to real-world problems.Class discussions will encourage a deeper understanding of thetopics covered and will help students to develop their critical thinking skills.5. Assessment MethodsThe assessment methods for the International Finance course will include:•Assignments and quizzes•Mid-term exam•Final examThese assessments will evaluate students’ understanding of the course content and their ability to apply theory to practical situations.6. ConclusionThe International Finance course is an important course for business and economics students who want to understand the global financial system. The teaching plan outlined in this document will providestudents with a comprehensive understanding of the theory and practiceof international finance.。
介绍美元体系的书籍
介绍美元体系的书籍1. 《货币战争》（Currency Wars）-詹姆斯·里卡兹（James Rickards）这本书讨论了国际货币体系的脆弱性，特别是美元作为世界储备货币的地位。
作者通过分析历史货币战争的案例，预测了未来可能爆发的金融冲突，以及这些冲突对全球经济的潜在影响。
2. 《金融霸权：美元帝国的崛起与衰落》（Exorbitant Privilege: The Rise and Fall of the Dollar and the Future of the International Monetary System）-巴里·艾肯格林（Barry Eichengreen）此书探讨了美元如何成为全球主导货币，以及这种地位可能面临的挑战。
作者分析了美国经济和政治实力与美元地位之间的关系，并提出了对未来国际货币体系可能的发展方向的见解。
3. 《美元霸权与国际金融体系》（The Dollar Trap: How the U.S. Dollar Tightened Its Grip on Global Finance）-艾瑞尔·普拉萨德（Eswar S. Prasad）本书详细讨论了美元在全球金融体系中的核心地位，并分析了为什么尽管美国经历了多次金融危机，美元却能够维持其作为世界储备货币的地位。
作者还探讨了其他国家货币挑战美元霸权的可能性及其难度。
4. 《美元的未来：全球货币战争中的美国》（The Future of the Dollar）-埃里克·海尔纳（Eric Helleiner）和乔纳森·柯肯（Jonathan Kirshner）编辑这本书收集了多位专家的观点，讨论了美元未来的不确定性。
各章节分析了美元的历史、当前地位以及面临的挑战，包括政治风险、经济不平衡和新兴市场的崛起等因素。
5. 《美国的荣枯：美元如何征服世界》（The Power of Money: How Ideas about Money Shaped the Modern World）-托马斯·哈格（TomášSedláček）等本书不仅讨论了美元的历史和现状，还深入探究了货币作为一种思想如何影响现代世界。
国际金融专业词汇
国际金融专业词汇第一章国际收支与国际收支平稳表国际货币基金组织 International Monetary Fund，IMF 国际收支 Balance of Payment国际收支平稳表 Balance of Payments Statement国际借贷 Balance of International Indebtedness 顺差 Favorable Balance〔Deficit〕逆差 Unfavorable Balance (Surplus)经常账户 Current Account非货币性黄金 Nonmonetary Gold贸易差额 Trade balance职工酬劳 Compensation of Employees投资收益 Investment Income无形贸易 Invisible Trade经常转移 Current Transfers单方面转移 Unilateral Transfers无偿转移 Unrequited Transfers资本和金融账户 Capital and Financial Account平稳项目 Balancing Account直截了当投资 Direct Investment证券投资 Portfolio Investment调剂性项目 Accommodating Transactions官方储备资产 Official Reserve Assets专门提款权 SDRs (Special Drawing Rights)错误与遗漏 Errors and Omissions贸易差额 Trade Balance经常项目差额 Balance of Current Account差不多差额 Basic Balance综合差额 Over-all Balance第二章国际收支失衡及其调剂季节性失衡 Accidental Disequilibrium周期性失衡 Cyclical Disequilibrium结构性失衡 Structure Disequilibrium货币失衡 Monetary Disequilibrium收入性失衡 Income Disequilibrium冲击性失衡 Shock Disequilibrium自动调剂机制 Automatic Adjustment Mechanism调剂政策 Adjustment Polices自动价格调剂机制 Automatic Price Adjustment Mechanism 货币—价格流淌机制 Price Specie-Flow Mechanism再贴现率 Rediscount Rate自动收入调剂机制 Automatic Income Adjustment Mechanism 自动利率调剂机制 Automatic Interest Adjustment Mechanism 支出改变政策 Expenditure-changing policies外汇管制 Foreign exchange control支出转换政策 Expenditure-switching policies内部均衡 Internal balance外汇缓冲政策 Foreign exchange cushion policies 外部均衡 External balance米德冲突Meade’s Conflict弹性论 Elasticities Approach马歇尔—勒纳条件 Marshall-Lerner Condition时滞 Time LagJ曲线效应 J Cure乘数论 Multiplier Approach收入分析理论 Income Approach小国开放经济 Small Open Economy对外贸易乘数 Foreign Trade Multiplier开放经济乘数 Open Economy Multiplier哈伯格条件 Harberger Condition吸取论 Absorption Approach支出分析法 Expenditure Approach闲置资源效应 Idle Resource Effect贸易条件效应 Terms of Trade Effect现金余额效应 Real Cash Balance Effect收入再分配效应 Redistribution of Income Effect货币幻觉效应 Money Illution Effect其他直截了当效应 Miscellaneous direct Absorption Effect货币论 Monetary Approach一价定律 Law of Price结构论 Structural Approach第三章国际储备国际储备 International reserve国际清偿力International liquidity黄金储备 Gold Reserves货币性黄金Monetary Gold黄金非货币化Demonetization of Gold外汇储备 Foreign Exchange Reserves储备货币 Reserve Currency在基金组织的储备头寸Reserve Position in Fund一般提款权General Drawing Rights专门提款权 Special Drawing Rights，SDRs多种货币储备体系Multiple Currency Reserve System第四章外汇、汇率和汇率制度外汇Foreign Exchange汇率Exchange Rate黄金输送点Gold Points黄金平价 Gold Parity直截了当标价法Direct Quotation System间接标价法Indirect Quotation System汇率制度Exchange Rate System法定贬值Devaluation法定升值Revaluation固定汇率制Fixed Rate System浮动汇率制Floating Rate System自由浮动Free Floating治理浮动 Managed Floating稳固性投机Stabilizing Speculation非稳固性投机 Destabilizing Speculation爬行钉住制 Crawling Pegging System汇率目标区 Exchange Rate Target-zone货币局制 Currency Board System第五章西方汇率理论国际借贷说Theory of International Indebtedness 购买力平价说Theory of Purchasing Power Parity, PPP 利率平价理论T he interest rate parity货币主义的汇率理论 Theory of Currency Exchange Rates资产组合平稳理论Theory of Portfolio Balance Approach第六章外汇交易基础外汇市场Foreign Exchange Market外汇经纪人Foreign Exchange Broker客户市场 Customer Markets同业市场Inter-bank Markets多头Long Position空头Short Position即期外汇交易 Spot Exchange Transaction营业日 Working Day交割日 Delivery Date远期外汇交易 Forward Exchange Transaction直截了当报价法 Outright Forward Method掉期率 Swap Rate远期套算汇率 Forward Cross Rate定期远期交易 Fixed Date Forwards择期远期交易 Optional Date Forwards买空 Bull卖空 Bear掉期交易 Swap Transaction一日掉期 One-Day Swap即期对远期的掉期交易 Spot Against Forward Swaps远期对远期的掉期交易 Forward Against Forward Swaps套汇 Arbitrage直截了当套汇 Direct Arbitrage间接套汇 Indirect Arbitrage套利交易 Interest Arbitrage Transaction 抛补套利 Covered Interest Arbitrage非抛补套利 Uncovered Interest Arbitrage第七章外汇期货与期权交易佣金经纪人 Commission Broket开仓 Opening对冲交易 Reversing Transition外汇期货 Foreign exchange futures清算所 Clearing house商业交易者C ommercial trader基差交易者Basic traders差价交易者Spread traders头寸交易者Position traders帽客 Scalpers 当日轧平头寸交易者D ay trader市价定单 Market order限价定单 Limit order到价定单 Spot order跨国套利定单Saddle order换月定单 Switch order公布叫价 Open outcry保证金制度M M argin system原始保证金Initial margin坚持保证金Maintenance margin变动保证金Variation margin逐日盯市制制度M arket to market daily套期保值 Hedge空头套期保值Short hedge多头套期保值Long hedge外汇期权 Currency options期权价格 Option price行使期权 Exercise option看涨期权 Call option看跌期权 Put option美式期权 American option欧式期权 European option协定价格 Strike price内在价值 Intrinsic value时刻价值 Time value现汇期权 Option on spot foreign currency外汇期货期权O ption on foreign currency futures 期货式期权Futures style option平均汇率期权Average rate options平均协定汇率期权A verage strike option期权的期权O ption on an option回头期权 Lookback option或有期权 Contingent option被担保的汇率期权Guaranteed exchange rate option互换期权 Swaption买入看涨期权B uy call option卖出看涨期权Sell caIl option买入看跌期权Buy put option卖出看跌期权S ell put option平行贷款 Parallel Loan对等贷款 Back-to-Back loan互换交易 Swap Transaction利率互换 Interest Rate Swaps货币互换 Currency Swaps名义本金 Notional Principal伦敦银行同业拆放利率 LIBOR国债收益率Treasure Note Yield基点 Basic Point利差 Spread比较优势 The Comparative Advantage 互换仓库 Swap Warehouse市场风险 Market Risk信用风险 Credit Risk第九章外汇风险及其治理外汇风险 Foreign exchange risk，交易风险 Transaction risk会计风险 Translation risk经济风险 Economic risk保值 Hedge应对帐款保值Payables hedge应收帐款保值Receivables hedge远期合约 Forward contract期货合约保值 Future hedge期权交易保值Currency option hedge 硬货币 Hard currency软货币 Soft currency货币市场法Money market hedge 定价 Pricing国际金融市场International financial market国际货币市场International money market国际资本市场International capital market外汇市场 Foreign exchange market欧洲货币Euro currency欧洲银行 Euro bank欧货币市场Euro currency market离岸金融市场O ff-shore financial market国际银行设施 IBF在岸金融市场On – shore financial market国际债券 International bonds外国债券 Foreign bonds欧洲债券 Euro bonds全球债券 Global bonds浮动利率债券Floating rate bonds与股权联系债券Equity related bonds双币债券Dual-curreny bonds中期票据 Medium-term notes, MTN国际股票市场International stock market美国存托凭证 ADR全球化 Globalization证券化 Securitization金融自由化Financial deregulation第十一章国际融资实务无抵押贷款Unsecured loans打包放款 Packing list票据信贷 Bill credit保付代理业务International Factoring信贷风险Credit risk预支货款 Advance funds到期保付代理业务Maturity Factoring保付代理手续费Commission of Factoring卖方信贷Supplier’s credit买方信贷 Buyer’s credit混合贷款 Mixed credit信用限额 Line of Credit银团贷款 Consortium Loan福费廷 Forfeiting无追索权 Non-recourse有限追索权Limited-recourse主办单位 Sponsor项目单位 Project entity设备供应商Supplier托管人 Trustee可行性研究Feasibility study经济可行性Economic viability国际租赁International Lease金融租赁Finance Lease 完全付清租赁Full Pay-Out Lease 经营租赁Operating Lease 杠杆租赁Leverage Lease 回租租赁 Sale and Back Lease第十二章国际资本流淌与国际金融危机国际资本流淌International Capital Flow所有权特定优势Ownership Specific Advantage内部化优势Internalization Advantage区位优势Location Specific Advantage贸易渠道传染Trade Channel Infection恐慌性传染Panicky Infection补偿性传染 Compensation Infection外债 International Debt负债率 Liability Ratio债务率 Foreign Debt Ratio偿债率 Debt Service Ratio国际债务危机International Debt Crisis国际货币危机International Monetary Crisis第十三章国际货币体系与国际金融机构国际货币体系International Monetary System金本位制Gold Standard价格－铸币流淌机制Price-specie-flow Mechanism布雷顿森林体系Bretton Woods System特里芬两难Triffin Dilemma黄金总库Gold Pool借款总安排General Agreement to Borrow黄金双价制The System of Dual Price of Gold 牙买加体系Jamaiga System国际货币基金组织International monetary Fund份额Quota信托基金Trust Fund世界银行集团 World Bank Group。
常见银行英语词汇_金融术语
常见银行英语词汇金融术语account number 帐目编号depositor 存户pay-in slip 存款单a deposit form 存款单a banding machine 自动存取机to deposit 存款deposit receipt 存款收据private deposits 私人存款certificate of deposit 存单deposit book, passbook 存折credit card 信用卡principal 本金overdraft, overdraw 透支to counter sign 双签to endorse 背书endorser 背书人to cash 兑现to honor a cheque 兑付to dishonor a cheque 拒付to suspend payment 止付cheque,check 支票cheque book 支票本order cheque 记名支票bearer cheque 不记名支票crossed cheque 横线支票blank cheque 空白支票rubber cheque 空头支票cheque stub, counterfoil 票根cash cheque 现金支票traveler's cheque 旅行支票cheque for transfer 转帐支票outstanding cheque 未付支票canceled cheque 已付支票forged cheque 伪支票Bandar's note 庄票，银票banker 银行家president 行长savings bank 储蓄银行Chase Bank 大通银行National City Bank of New York 花旗银行Hongkong Shanghai Banking Corporation 汇丰银行Chartered Bank of India, Australia and China 麦加利银行Banque de I'IndoChine 东方汇理银行central bank, national bank, banker's bank 中央银行bank of issue, bank of circulation 发行币银行commercial bank 商业银行，储蓄信贷银行member bank, credit bank 储蓄信贷银行discount bank 贴现银行exchange bank 汇兑银行requesting bank 委托开证银行issuing bank, opening bank 开证银行advising bank, notifying bank 通知银行negotiation bank 议付银行confirming bank 保兑银行paying bank 付款银行associate banker of collection 代收银行consigned banker of collection 委托银行clearing bank 清算银行local bank 本地银行domestic bank 国内银行overseas bank 国外银行unincorporated bank 钱庄branch bank 银行分行trustee savings bank 信托储蓄银行trust company 信托公司financial trust 金融信托公司unit trust 信托投资公司trust institution 银行的信托部credit department 银行的信用部commercial credit company(discount company) 商业信贷公司（贴现公司）neighborhood savings bank, bank of deposit 街道储蓄所credit union 合作银行credit bureau 商业兴信所self-service bank 无人银行land bank 土地银行construction bank 建设银行industrial and commercial bank 工商银行bank of communications 交通银行mutual savings bank 互助储蓄银行post office savings bank 邮局储蓄银行mortgage bank, building society 抵押银行industrial bank 实业银行home loan bank 家宅贷款银行reserve bank 准备银行chartered bank 特许银行corresponding bank 往来银行merchant bank, accepting bank 承兑银行investment bank 投资银行import and export bank (EXIMBANK) 进出口银行joint venture bank 合资银行money shop, native bank 钱庄credit cooperatives 信用社clearing house 票据交换所public accounting 公共会计business accounting 商业会计cost accounting 成本会计depreciation accounting 折旧会计computerized accounting 电脑化会计general ledger 总帐subsidiary ledger 分户帐cash book 现金出纳帐cash account 现金帐journal, day-book 日记帐，流水帐bad debts 坏帐investment 投资surplus 结余idle capital 游资economic cycle 经济周期economic boom 经济繁荣economic recession 经济衰退economic depression 经济萧条economic crisis 经济危机economic recovery 经济复苏inflation 通货膨胀deflation 通货收缩devaluation 货币贬值revaluation 货币增值international balance of payment 国际收支favourable balance 顺差adverse balance 逆差hard currency 硬通货soft currency 软通货international monetary system 国际货币制度the purchasing power of money 货币购买力money in circulation 货币流通量note issue 纸币发行量national budget 国家预算national gross product 国民生产总值public bond 公债stock, share 股票debenture 债券treasury bill 国库券debt chain 债务链direct exchange 直接（对角）套汇indirect exchange 间接（三角）套汇cross rate, arbitrage rate 套汇汇率foreign currency (exchange) reserve 外汇储备foreign exchange fluctuation 外汇波动foreign exchange crisis 外汇危机discount 贴现discount rate, bank rate 贴现率gold reserve 黄金储备money (financial) market 金融市场stock exchange 股票交易所broker 经纪人commission 佣金bookkeeping 簿记bookkeeper 簿记员an application form 申请单bank statement 对帐单letter of credit 信用证strong room, vault 保险库equitable tax system 等价税则specimen signature 签字式样banking hours, business hours 营业时间minimum paid-up share capital 最低实缴股本reciprocity 互惠corresponding bank 代理行liaison office 联络办公室moratorium 延期偿付权legislation 法规innovation 改革underwriting 包销merge 合并portfolio 资产组合unit trust 单位投资信托arbitrage 套汇capital adequacy ratio 资本充足率derivative 金融衍生工具maturity 到期日deregulation 放松管制redemption 兑现certificates of indebtedness 债务证书linked exchange rate 联系汇率accounting arrangements 会计安排resumption of sovereign 收回主权holding company 控股公司privileges 特权legal tender 法币medium of exchange 交换媒介deferred payment 延期支付face value 面值mintage 铸币homogeneity 同质权fiat money 不兑换纸币，名义纸币negotiable certificates of deposits 大额转让存单narrowly-defined 狭义定义的broadly-defined 广义定义的required reserve 法定准备金excess reserve 超额准备金monetary base 货币｛流通｝基础open market operations 公开市场操作auction 拍卖non-intervention 不干涉主义net balance 净差｛余｝额advance 贷款retained earnings 留存收益risk-weighted assets 风险加权资产off-balance sheet items 表外业务项目collateral 抵押claims 债权denominate 面值residual maturity 剩余期限mortgage 住房抵押arrears 拖欠尾数default 违约on-balance sheet items 表内业务contingency 意外开支repurchase agreement 回购协议recourse 追索权irrevocable 不可撤消rediscounting 在贴现market risk exposure市场风险position 头寸debt-to-equity ratio 资产负债比率treasure bond 国库券leasing 租赁money laundering 洗钱treasure bill 国库券bankruptcy 破产credit securitization 信用证券化real time gross settlement 实时全额清算off-shore 离岸clearing bank清算行discount house 贴现行privileged position 最优惠头寸building society 建房协会Japanese Big Bang 日本金融改革dual banking system 双轨银行制度wire transfer 电子转帐laissez-faire 自由放任主义negotiable 可流通的installment 分期付款benchmark 基准利率turnover 成交额outstanding 未付的in favour of 以^为受益人promissory note 本票unsecured 无担保的prime rate 最优惠利率preference share 优先股ordinary share 普通股warrant 认股权current market value 当期市值option contract 期权合同hedging 套期保值Provident Fund 福利基金beneficiary 受益人collecting bank 代收行code 代号，代码，密码uncleared cheque 未清偿支票invoice 发票credit transfer 信用转帐endorsement 背书bearer 持票人defective title 有瑕疵的所有权down payment 首付款traveller's cheque 旅行支票bearer bonds 不记名债券crossed cheque划线支票countersign 联署paying bank 付款行transferable 可转让holder in due course 正当持票人holder in value 有代价持票人overdue 过期dishonoured cheque 拒付支票repo repurchase agreement 回购协议countermand 取消garnishee order 向第三债务人下达的资产扣押令winding-up 停业清理secured loan 担保贷款overdraft 透支real estate mortgage 房地产抵押chattel mortgage 动产抵押in presence of 提示reimbursement 偿还withholding interest tax 预扣税custodian 保管access 准入automatic teller machine 自动取款机personal identity number 密码.个人识别号passbook 存折insurance broker 保险经纪人hire purchase 租购working capital loan 周转资金start-up loan 创业贷款syndicated loan 辛迪加贷款project financing 项目融资foreign trade financing 对外贸易融资current assets 流动资产accounts receivable 应收帐款agent bank 代理行drawdown period 支用期grace period 宽限期principle 本金tombstone 证券发行公告factoring facilities 保理业务open credit 无担保贷款factor 保理人lessee 承租人lessor 出租人non-resourse 无追索权financial lease 金融租赁operating lease 经营租赁full payout lease 支付租赁true lease 真实租赁conditional lease 条件租赁leverage lease 杠杆租赁electronic date interchange services 电子数据交换服务retail bank 商业零售银行private bank 私人银行merchant bank 商人银行risk preference 风险偏好risk taking investor 甘冒风险的投资者risk aversion investor 逃避风险的投资者macroeconomic oriented 以宏观经济为导向的equities origination 股票发行venture capital financing 风险资本融资the spread 价差interest rate swap 利率互换leverage buyout 杠杆收购junk bond 垃圾债券red chips 红筹股"h" shares H股trustee 受托人collection 托收production combination 生产联合production cost 生产成本comparative advantage 相对优势middle agent 中间代理eliminate exchange risk 消除外汇风险shipping insurance 海险guarantee 担保performance bond 履约保证import credit 进口信贷dividends 分红money transfer 转帐bank draft 银行汇票mail transfer 信汇telegraphic transfer 电汇test key测试密钥telex 电报Society for World Inter-bank Financial Telecommunications 环球银行间金融电讯协会standardized format 标准格式clearing house 结算所computer code 电脑代码additional cost 附加成本foreign exchange rate 外汇汇率swing 浮动spot rate 现汇汇率market rate 市场汇率cross rate 交叉汇率forward exchange contract 远期外汇合同currency future contract 货币期货合同quotation 报价单rolling forex 展期外汇option on foreign exchange 外汇期权strike price 执行价格expiry date 到期日call option 多头期头put option 空头期权foreign exchange hedge 外汇套期保值foreign exchange swap 外汇掉期superannuation 养老基金pension funds 退休基金brokerage fee 经纪人佣金optimum profit 最高收益canon 标准illegal activities 非法行为speculative purpose 投机目的repayment schedule 还款安排balance sheet 资产负债表income statement 利润表long-term loan 长期贷款country-risk 国别风险quantitative yardstick 定量的评判标准credit risk 信用风险risk assessment 风险评估margin 保证金legal authority 法定权力memorandum and articles of association 公司章程cushion of assets 资产缓冲safe title 所有权credit reference agency 信用查询机构credit standing 信用状况consumer loan 消费信贷bonus 奖金gratuity 退休金track record 工作履历minor's account 未成年人帐户sole proprietors 独资企业private limited company 私人有限公司public limited company 公共有限公司inter-bank lending /borrowing 同业拆借the inter-bank money market 同业拆借市场local currency 本国货币marginal cost 边际成本inter-bank rate 同业拆借利率contingency payout 意外支出natural disaster 自然灾害legal status 法定地位documentary credit 跟单信用证documentary collection 跟单托收export credit insurance 出口信贷保险shipment policy 装运保险单issuing bank 开证行advising bank 通知行confirming bank 保兑行applicant 开证申请人irrevocable documentary letter of credit 不可撤消信用证reimbursing bank 偿付行negotiating bank 议付行verification 证实confirmed credit 保兑信用证payment in advance 预付贷款remitting bank 托收行collecting bank 代收行sight bill 即期汇票term bill 远期汇票clean collection 光票托收bill of lading 提单certificate of originairway bill 航空联运certificate of inspection 检验证明insurance policy certificate 保单证明open account 赊销premium 保险费第十六章特殊类型的借款者-商业部门stockbroking 股票经纪going concern 持续经营net profit 净收益audited accounts 经过审计的帐户registration certificate 注册证明inheritance 遗产tangible security 有形担保intangible personal guarantee 无形个人担保deed 契约dormant partner 不参与经营的合伙人limited partner 有限责任合伙人aggressive management 扩张性管理defensive management 保守性管理gearing 举债经营prior charge 优先偿付债券charges on assets 以资产抵押fixed charge 固定抵押floating charge 浮动抵押overtrading 超资力经营life policy 人寿保险depreciation 折旧indemnity 赔偿legal mortgage 法定抵押leasehold mortgage 衡平法抵押surrender value 租赁财产抵押stocks and shares 股票和证券unquoted shares 非挂牌｛上市｝股票cross-guarantee 交叉担保under influence 不正当影响misrepresentation 与事实不符合的陈述debenture 债券run down 削减acknowledgement 确认tangible assets 有形资产intangible assets 无形资产copy right 版权goodwill 商誉net worth 资产净值cash flow 现金流量current ratio 流动比率quick ratio 速动比率quality of assets 资产质量investment strategy 投资策略trend analysis 趋势分析debt to equity ratio 债务产权率debt service ratio 还本付息比；偿债比率amortization 摊销receivable turnover 应收帐款inventory turnover存货周转write off 注销recession （经济）衰退social unrest 社会动荡uncleared funds 未清算资金credit limit 信贷限额bad debt 坏帐loan restructuring 贷款重新安排recovery 追陪offsetting 补偿legal proceeding 诉讼litigation solicitor诉讼律师Baby bond 小额股票Background 背景background investigation 背景调查background material 背景材料Bad 坏的bad account 坏帐，呆帐bad debt loss 坏帐损失bad debt recovey 呆坏帐收回bad title 失效产权Balance 余额，结余，差额，平衡adverse balance 收支逆差balance budget 平衡预算balance of international trade 国际贸易差额balance of payment 国际收支balance sheet 资产负债表balance sheet audit 资产负债表审计balance sheet classification 资产负债表分类balance sheet evaluation 资产负债表评价closing balance 期末差额credit balance 贷方余额foreign currency balance 外汇余额keep balance 保持平衡loss balance 失去平衡negative balance 逆差retained balance from foreign exchange revenue 外汇收入留成余额summary balance sheet 资产负债汇总表Bank 银行all-purpose bank 通用银行bank account balance 银行存款余额bank balance sheet 银行财务状况表bank credit 银行信贷bank debt 银行债务bank discount rate 银行贴现率bank holding company 银行控股公司bank interest 银行利息bank line 银行信用额度bank loan 银行借款bank rate 银行贴现率bank reserve 银行准备金b ank’s buying rate 银行买价bank’s call loan 银行同行拆借bank’s selling rate 银行卖价clearing bank 清算银行commercial bank 商业银行cooperative bank 合作银行mortgage bank 抵押银行Banking 金融，银行业banking institution 金融机构Banking Law 银行法banking sector 银行部门Bankrupt 破产bankrupt’s asse ts 破产者的财产Bankruptcy 破产act of bankruptcy 破产法案arrangement in bankruptcy court 迫产法庭调解bankruptcy administrator 破产管理人bankruptcy amendment act 破产修正案bankruptcy code chapter 7--- liquidation 破产法第7 章（清算）bankruptcy code chapter 11--- reorganization 破产法第11章(重组）bankruptcy court 破产法院bankruptcy debtor 破产债务人bankruptcy judge 破产判决bankruptcy law 破产法bankruptcy notice 破产公告bankruptcy ordinance 破产条例bankruptcy petition 要求宣布破产bankruptcy proceedings 破产程序bankruptcy rules 破产规定bankruptcy trustee 破产受托人declaration of bankruptcy 宣布破产Bargain 议价，讨价还价Basic 基本的，基础basic account 基本帐户basic accounting unit 基本核算单位Bear 空头，卖空bear account 空头帐户bear market 熊市，淡市bear transaction 空头交易Beat 还价，杀价Below par 低于票面价值Benchmark 基准Benefit 利益，受益，福利，津贴benefit country 受惠国benefit fund for employees 职工福利基金benefit program 福利计划Benefited 受益的benefited party 受益方Benevolent fund 慈善基金Beta 贝塔（与股票相关的）系数beta risk measurement 贝塔风险系数测定Bid 投标，报价，出价bid bond 投标押金bid opening date 开标日期bid price 买方出价call for bid 招标invite bid 招标Bidder 投标人，投标商Bidding 投标，出价bidding documents 标书Big Board 指美国纽约股票交易所Big Six 指美国六大会计事务所Big Three 指美国三大汽车公司Bilateral 双边的bilateral agreement 双边协议bilateral loans 双边贷款bilateral trade 双边贸易Bill 票据，帐单，发票，钞票bill receivable account 应收票据帐户treasury bill 国库债券Black 黑色的，黑市的blank market price 黑市价格black market transaction 黑市交易Blank 空白的blank check 空白支票Blanket 一揽子的blanket insurance 统括保险blanket mortgage 一揽子抵押Blue chip 兰筹股Blue-chip share 头等股票Blue-chip stock 热门股票Blue-collar worker 兰领工人Blue-sky law 兰天法（防欺诈凭空发行股票的法律）Board 董事会，委员会，理事会board chairman 董事长board meeting 董事会议board of administration 董事会，理事会board of arbitration 仲裁委员会board of audit 审计委员会board of directors 董事会，理事会board of executive director 执行董事会，执行委员会board of manager’s 理事，董事board of supervisors 监事会board of trustees 受托委员会Bond 债券，证券，公债bond broker 债券经纪人bond creditor 债券债权人bond discount 债券折价bond issue 债券发行bond market 债券市场bond premium 债券溢价bond rating agency 债券评级机构bond yield 债券收益callable bond 通知偿还债券convertible bond 可转换债券government bond 政府债券junk bond 拉圾债券listed bond 挂牌债券，上市证券mortgage bond 抵押债券municipal bond 市政债券preference bond 优先债券，优先股registered bond 记名债券treasury bond 国库债券unlisted bond 未挂牌债券，未上市证券Bonded 保税的，有抵押的bonded area 保税区bonded factory 保税工厂bonded goods 保税货物bonded warehouse 保税仓库Bonus 奖金，红利，津贴bonus issue 发放红利股bonus-percentage of profit 利润率分红bonus share 分红股，红利股Book 书籍，帐簿，记帐，定票，订货book depreciation 帐面折旧book-entry securities 记帐证券book inventory 帐面库存book of account 帐簿book profit 帐面利润book value per share 每股帐面价值Boom 繁荣，景气Borrow 借入borrow money on credit 信用借款Borrowed 借入的borrowed capital 借入资本borrowed funds 借入资金borrowed reserve 借入准备金Borrowing 借款，借用。