小学英语语法详解连词--并列连词和从属连词

小学英语语法详解介词——并列连词

什么是连词？

连词，是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起链接词与词、短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。

一、并列连词

并列连词根据词的作用又可细分为：并列、转折、选择、因果等连词。

1.表示并列

1）and

Let's sit down and have a rest.

让我们坐下休息一会儿。

2）neither…nor

She could neither speak the language nor write it.

这种语言她既不会说，也不会写。

3）both…and

A man should have both courage and perseverance.

一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。

4）not only…but also

We should not only be bold，but also be cautious.

我们不仅要大胆，而且要谨慎。

5）as well as

I have read one of his novels as well as a few of his plays.

我读过他的一本小说和几个剧本。

2.表示选择的并列连词

1）or

You may do it yourself，or ask someone else to do it.

你可以自己做或者让别人做。

2）either…or

I left it either on the table or in the drawer.

我不是把它放在桌子上了，就是放在抽屉里了。

3.表示转折或对比的并列连词

1）but

He tried hard but he was unsuccessful.

他做了很大的努力但没有成功。

2）yet

The car was old，yet it was in excellent condition.

这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。

3）however

She felt ill. She went to work，however，and tried concentrate.

她生病了。然而她照旧去上班，并且尽力集中精神工作。

4）nevertheless

I don't know anything against that man；nevertheless I don't trust him.

我对那个人没有什么不良的看法，但我不能信赖他。

4.表示因果关系的并列连词

1）for

You'd better put on your sweater，for it's rather cold outside.

你最好把毛衣穿上，外边相当冷。

2）so

My sister is waiting for me，so I must go now.

姐姐在等我，因此我得走了。

3）therefore

You are right，therefore we should support you.

你是对的，所以我们应当支持你。

4）hence

I fell off my bike yesterday-hence the bruises.

我昨天骑自行车摔倒了了——所以青一块、紫一块的。

小学英语语法详解介词——从属连词

二.从属连词

从属连词是用来引导从句的。

1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词

1）when

There was prolonged applause when he began to spoak.

他开始讲话时响起了经久不息的掌声。

2）as

As/When he entered，the hall burst into thunderous applause.

他进场时，全场发出雷鸣般的掌声。

3）after

After I visit Shanghai I’ll travel up the Yangtze River.

访问上海之后，我将溯长江而上。

2.引导原因状语从句的从属连词

1）because

He failed because he was too careless.

因为他太粗心，所以失败了。

2）as

As it was already rather dark，we decided to stop at the temple for the night.

因为已经相当晚了，我们决定在庙里待一夜。

3）since

Since you don't want to go，we won't force you to.

既然你不愿意去，我们也不勉强你。

3.引导条件状语从句的从属连词

1）if

If you can do it，so can I.

你要是能办到，我也能办到。

2）unless

I won't go unless you want me to.

除非你要我去，否则我是不会去的。

4.引导让步状语从句的从属连词

1）although/though

Everybody worked with great enthusiasm although/

though the weather was extremely cold.

虽然天气很冷，大家工作得非常起劲。

2）even if/though

Even if l have to walk all the way I’ll get there.

即使我得一路走着去，我也要去那里。

Aaron老师的小提醒

★对于使用连词的句子来说，连词前后的语法必须统一。

I went to the park and play football （×）

I went to the park and played football. （√）

★在一般情况下，and多用于肯定句，而or多用于否定或一般疑问句。

I have brothers and sisters.

我有兄弟姐妹。

I haven't brothers or sisters.

我没有兄弟姐妹。

Do you have brothers or sisters？

你有兄弟姐妹吗？

★for是并列连词，不能置于句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。

I was absent yesterday for I was ill.

我昨天没来是因为我生病了。