(完整版)状语从句9种全

状语从句

在复合句中作状语的从句叫状语从句。状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等种类。

一、时间状语从句

引导时间状语从句的连接词有：when, as, while, after, before, since, ever since, as soon as, on ce, till, un til, when ever, nosooner •…tha n, hardly/scarcely...whe n, the moment/minute/instant/second, every time, each time, any time, the first time,

next time, last time, all the time, by the time, directly, immediately, instantly 等。

1. 表示“一•…就•…”的句型

1) as soon as/once

As soon as he arrives, I'll call you. 他一至U,我就给你打电话。 (as soon as 侧重时间或动作先后衔接紧，而once侧重条件，表示“一旦...”)

2) on doing sth/o n on e's + n. 作时间状语

On arriving at the station, the thief was arrested.

一到达车站，这个小偷就被逮捕了。

On his arrival in Paris, he was recog ni zed as a n oble and throw n into pris on.

他一到达巴黎，就被认出是一个贵族，并被投入监狱。

3) no soon er ...tha n , hardly/scarcely...whe n

它们表“一…就”。结构中的否定词放在句首时，主句要倒装。(主句都用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。)

No sooner had he reached home tha n it bega n to rain.

他刚到家，天就开始下雨了。

Hardly/Scarcely had I en tered the room whe n the phone rang.

我一进屋，电话就响了。

注意当nosooner, hardly, scarcely 不放在句首时，主句不倒装，如:

I had no sooner reached the bus stop tha n the bus started.

我刚到车站，车就开走了。

I had scarcely (hardly ) entered the room when the phone rang.

4) the moment, the instant, the minute, the second

The mome nt I saw him, I recog ni zed him.

我一看见他，就认出了他。

We'll leave the min ute you are ready.

你一准备好，我们就出发。

5) 有些副词如：in sta ntly, immediately, directly 可用作连词，后接从句。

I left immediately the clock struck 5.

我刚走，钟就敲了五点。

2. whe n, while, as 引导时间状语从句

1) when的用法

①when 既可指时间点，也可指时间段(即：从句动词可以是短暂的也可是延续的) ；主从

句动作可同时也可先后发生。

I was thi n whe n I was a child.

当我是个孩子的时候，我很瘦。

It was raining whe n I arrived. 我至U达时，天正在下雨。

②在when引导时间状语从句时，如果从句主语与主句主语相同或为it，且从句有be动词，则从句可省主语和be动词，如：

Whe n (you are) in trouble, you can visit this man.

当你有麻烦时，可以找这个人。

She is always liste ning to music whe n (she is) doing her homework. 当她做

作业时，总是听音乐。

③when在下列结构中，译成“这时”，它引导的是并列句

be about to do ... when, be doing ... when, had done …when,

be on on e's way ... whe n, be on the point of doing ... whe n (参见“连词”咅E

分whe n的用法)

2) while 用法

while只能指一段时间，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。强调某一段时间内发生主句动作，相当于during the time that....

My mother was cook ing while I was doing my homework.

当我在做作业时，妈妈在做饭。

I am safe while I am here. 我在这儿的时候，我很安全。

注意while除引导时间状语从句外，还引导对比句，作“然而”讲；并可在句首引出让

步状语从句作“虽然•…但”讲。

I like watch ing TV, while he likes read ing.

我喜欢看电视，而他喜欢读书。

While he has his own car, he ofte n uses mine.

尽管他自己有车，他却常用我的。

3) as的用法

①as引导时间状语从句时常可和when换用，但较强调同时发生，多指短暂动作。

As I left the house, I forgot the key. 我离家时，忘了带钥匙。

②as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，“随着...”的意思，表时间的推移。如：

As I get older, I get more optimistic.

随着年龄的增长，我变得更加乐观。

③as表“一边…一边…”，引出伴随动作。

He hurried home, look ing beh ind as he went.

他匆忙地回家，边走边往后看。

④用以强调两个动作紧接着发生。

As he was going out, it bega n to rain.

当他出去的时候，天开始下雨了。

⑤as有时引出一个名词，相当于一个时间状语从句。