2023届高考英语语法知识整理复习讲义(虚拟语气+倒装句)
2023届高考英语虚拟语气课件
D 1.They might have found a better hotel if they _______a few
more kilometers.
.
A.drove
B.would drive
C.were to drive
D.had driven
解析句意：如果行驶的路途再远一些，他们或许就会找到一个更好的 宾馆了。根据题干中主句的谓语动词might have found可知是对过去 发生情况的虚拟，因此if引导的从句中谓语动词形式应为had done， 故选D。
If I had known that you were coming,I would have picked you up at the airport. 如果我当时知道你要来，我会到机场接你。 （事实是：当时我不知道你要来，我也没去机场接你)一与过去的事实相反
3.虚拟语气在条件句中的其他用法
错综时间条件句（也称“混合虚拟语气”)有些条件句的主句谓语和从 句谓语表示的动作在时间上并不致，这类句子称为“错综时间条件句” If you had taken my advice then，you wouldn＇t be in trouble now. 如果你当时听我的劝，你现在就不会有麻烦了。 If we shouldn＇t have an exam this afternoon，I would go shopping now. 如果今天下午我们不考试，我现在就去购物了。
虚拟语气 单击添加副标题
.
.
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
条件句分为真实条件句和虚拟条件句。 1.真实条件句 可能实现的条件句叫真实条件句，这种条件句实现的可能性非常大，在条件 句中从句常用一般现在时表将来，遵循主将从现原则。 If I have time，I＇ll come over to see you. 如果我有时间我就过去看你。 If we leave now, we can still catch the bus. 如果我们现在动身，还能赶上公共汽车。
【课件】2023届高考英语语法基础倒装句课件
3.形式倒装
（2）常见结构 ②as/though引导的让步状语从句
宾语
Boy as/though he was ,he was chosen as king..
3.形式倒装
as,though,although引导让步状语从句
① s引导让步状语从句时，必须倒装； ②though引导让步状语从句时，可例可不倒； ③although引导让步状语从句时，不用例装。
经典练习
On the ground_________,which were to be shipped to some other cities. y some air conditioners B.some air conditioners lay id some air conditioners were in some air conditioners were
We not only enjoyed the class,but also recommended it to our friends →Not only did we enjoy the class,but also recommended it to our friends.
2.部分倒装
（1）常见结构
“如此......以至于......”
such + (a/an)+adj.+n.+部分倒装+that。
So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it. =Such a shallow lake is it that no fish can live in it.
1.完全倒装
（2）常用形式2 ① 地点介词短语开头（介+名） ② 谓语动词表某种状态（be,stand,sit,lie,hang等） ③ 主语是名词 Betweg. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River lies Chongqing.
2023届高考英语二轮复习倒装句课件
请将下列句子改写成一般疑问句。 如果句子中有助动词，
1. He is handsome.
就直接把助动词提前
Is he handsome?
到句子主语前面。
2. She was doing her homework.
Was she doing her homework?
3. He has heard of the story.
注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序。
部分倒装（partial inversion）
①Never have you been to Japan before. ②Seldom do we get up at four in the morning. ③Hardly had he finished his homework when he went out. ④Little did I know when I took the trip.
6. She went to work by bus.
Did she go to work by bus?
这就是部分倒装。
部分倒装（partial inversion）
①Only on the top of the mountain can you see the tower. ②Only then did he know the importance of knowledge. ③Only when he told me the news did I know what had happened.
(1)The old lady comes here . → Here_c_o_m__e_s_t_h_e_o_l_d_l_a_d_y___.
(2)The hour we had been looking forward to came then.
2023届高三英语语法虚拟语气精讲课件29张PPT
(2) 当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可省略，而将were, should, had等词置 于句首。
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.
6. I think we could do it, if we planned it properly.
7. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy vocation.
与未来事实相反
一、 条件句中的虚拟语气
从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生 的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不 同的形式。
Subjunctive Mood
语法—虚拟语气
• 现代英语中的三种语气： 1）陈述语气（indicative mood） 2）祈使语气（imperative mood） 3）虚拟语气（subjunctive mood）
• 虚拟语气：用于强调怀疑或不可能，动作只在 讲话人想象的“假设”中发生，而不是存在的 客观事实。
(4) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句可以省略其中 的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
①省略从句
He would have finished it. 他本该完成了。 You could have passed this exam. 你本应该会通过
这次考试了。
②省略主句
If I were at home now. 要是我现在在家里该多好 啊。
英语语法虚拟语气与倒装句使用
英语语法虚拟语气与倒装句使用虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊句式，用来表达非事实、假设、愿望等情况。
虚拟语气通常与条件句或从句连用，可以用于表达建议、命令、愿望、假设等多种情况。
与虚拟语气相关的一个用法是倒装句，它在语法结构上具有一些特殊的规则。
本文将介绍英语语法中虚拟语气和倒装句的使用。
一、虚拟语气1. 虚拟条件句虚拟条件句表示与事实相反的假设或条件。
常见的虚拟条件句包括与现在事实相反的假设（用过去完成时表示）、与过去事实相反的假设（用过去完成时表示）、与将来事实相反的假设（用一般过去时表示）等。
例如：- If I were you, I would invite him to the party.（与现在事实相反的假设）- If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.（与过去事实相反的假设）- If it rained tomorrow, we would stay at home.（与将来事实相反的假设）2. 虚拟命令、建议和要求虚拟命令、建议和要求用于表达愿望、建议或要求。
常用动词有advise, ask, demand, insist, propose, recommend, request等。
例如：- I recommend that he study more.（我建议他多学习。
）- The teacher insisted that the students finish their homework.（老师坚持要求学生完成作业。
）3. 虚拟愿望虚拟愿望用于表达对于现在情况的不满或对于将来情况的期望。
通常使用“希望”（wish）来引导宾语从句。
例如：- I wish I were taller.（我希望我更高。
）- I wish it would stop raining.（我希望停止下雨。
）二、倒装句倒装句是英语语法中常见的一种句子结构，它的主语和谓语动词的位置颠倒。
2023届高考英语倒装知识点总结归纳课件
had sseeeen faell in love now
future
I had scarcely seen you when I fell in love with you. I had no sooner seen you than I fell in love with you.
我们一分手小哥哥就找到了新的女朋友。
2. so + adj/adv + that 当 so+ adj/adv 位于句首，前倒后不倒
She was so busy that she didn't have time to rest.
So busy
that she didn't have time to rest.
The TV programme is so wonderful that many people like it.
一……就……
考点：
01
1. 搭配
2. 时态：句子A 用had done, 句子 02
Bhen…B… scarcely…A…when…B… no sooner…A…than…B…
我一见到你就爱上了你。 I had hardly seen you when I fell in love with you.
We had hardly broken up when he found a new girlfriend.
habdrberaokkuepn up fionudnd now
future
倒装：
Hardly had we broken up when he found a new girlfriend.
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高考英语虚拟语气一、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气1、表示与现在事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+did (be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/ could + doIf I were you, I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。
（事实：我不可能是你）If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。
（事实：不知道）If there were no air or water, there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。
(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：If+主语+ had + done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have doneIf I had got there earlier, I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她（事实：去晚了）。
If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。
（事实：没有听我的话）3、表示与将来事实相反的情况从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）主句：主语+should/would/might/could+doIf he should come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。
（事实：不可能来）If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。
（事实：不可能下雪）If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。
（事实：不可能来）注意事项：①错综时间句：即虚拟条件状语从句与虚拟主句中谓语动作的时间不一致。
If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了。
If they had informed us, we would not come here now.如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。
If he knew her, he would have greeted her that day.如果他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。
②虚拟条件句中的省略：当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had 时，if 可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。
Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去了。
Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here.如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。
③用其它形式表达虚拟条件：虚拟条件状语从句有时不表达出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或用其它方式表示出来。
如without…，but for…（要不是...）等。
But for his help, we would be working now.要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress.要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we would have telephoned him.我们不知道他的电话号码，否则我们就会给他打电话。
④在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.如果我是你，就会去找他。
二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气1、表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句，一律用主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。
具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式：一坚持（主张）：insist二命令：order，command三要求：require，request，demand四建议：suggest，advise，propose，recommend例如：It was suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（主语从句）I suggested that he（should）join in the club activities.（宾语从句）My suggestion was that he（should）join in the club activities.（表语从句）I had an suggestion that he（should）join in the club activities.（同位语从句）这四句话表达同一个意思：我建议他加入这个俱乐部的活动。
2、表示重要性、必要性、吃惊等时，一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形（should可以省略）结构。
例如：It's important that you (should) study English hard.努力学习英语是很重要的。
It's necessary that you (should) praise your students as much as possible.尽可能多的表扬你的学生是有必要的。
It is strange that she (should) not have been invited.很奇怪她竟然没有被邀请。
3.①wish 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为“要是/但愿…就好了”），其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish +一般过去时的宾语从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish + 过去完成时的宾语从句表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish + would/could+动词原形I wish it were spring all year round.我希望一年四季都是春天。
I wish it would be fine tomorrow.我希望明天天气好。
She wished she had stayed at home then.她希望她当时待在家里。
if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。
②would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气（意为“宁愿......”），其形式主要有两种：表示对现在/将来情况的虚拟：一般过去时的宾语从句表示对过去情况的虚拟：过去完成时的宾语从句三、其它从句中的虚拟语气1、虚拟语气用在状语从句中①由as if 或as though 所引导的方式状浯从句，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。
其形式如下主句+as if/ though +主语+一般过去时（从句的动作与现在事实相反）主句+as if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形（从句的动作与将来事实相反）主句+as if/ though +主语+过去完成时（从句的动作与过去事实相反）He talks as if he knew all about it.他说起来好像知道这件事的全部一样。
She speaks English well as if she had studied in America.她说英语很好，好像过去在美国待过一样。
He learns English so hard as if he would go abroad.他学英语如此努力，好像他要出国一样。
②由even if 或even though 所引导的让步状语从句，若从句与事实相反，则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。
其形式如下：主句+even if/ though +主语+一般过去时（从句的动作与现在事实相反）主句+even if/ though +主语+would/could+动词原形（从句的动作与将来事实相反）主句+even if/ though +主语+过去完成时（从句的动作与过去事实相反）Even if you weren't her son, she would treat you like this.即使你不是她的儿子，她也会这样对待你的。
I would have married her even if she had been penniless.即使她身无分文，我也会和她结婚。
2、虚拟语气用在定语从句中在it is (high) time that…句型中也用虚拟语气，从句常用过去式，有时也用should+动词原形，表示该做而没做的事，含建议的意味。
It is time that we went home.= It is time that we should go home.我们该回家了。
It is time we left.= It is time we should leave.我们该走了。
It is time we summed up our results.= It is time we should sum up our results.我们该总结我们的成绩了。
高考英语倒装句一、完全倒装(1)表示方式或方位的副词或介词短语，如here，there，now，then，up, down，in，away，off，out，in the room，on the wall等，置于句首时，完全倒装。
①快点！公共汽车来了。
Be quick！Here comes the bus.②那会儿，什么都没发生。