德语新闻词汇
学科的英语词汇
中英文学科专业名称哲学 Philosophy马克思主义哲学 Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学 Chinese Philosophy外国哲学 Foreign Philosophies逻辑学 Logic伦理学 Ethics美学 Aesthetics宗教学 Science of Religion科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学 Economics理论经济学 Theoretical Economics政治经济学 Political Economy经济思想史 History of Economic Thought经济史 History of Economic西方经济学 Western Economics世界经济 World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学 Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学 Applied Economics国民经济学 National Economics区域经济学 Regional Economics财政学（含税收学） Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学（含保险学） Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学 Industrial Economics国际贸易学 International Trade劳动经济学 Labor Economics统计学 Statistics数量经济学 Quantitative Economics国防经济学 National Defense Economics法学 Law法学 Science of Law法学理论 Jurisprudence法律史 Legal History宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学 Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学 Science of Procedure Laws经济法学 Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学 Science of Environment and Natural ResourcesProtection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学 Science of Military Law政治学 Political Science政治学理论 Political Theory中外政治制度Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动 Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement中共党史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育 Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学 International Politics国际关系学 International Relations外交学 Diplomacy社会学 Sociology人口学 Demography人类学 Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese FolkLiterature)民族学 Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策 Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy中国少数民族经济 Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史 Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术 Chinese Ethnic Art教育学 Education Science教育学原理 Educational Principle课程与教学论Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史 History of Education比较教育学 Comparative Education学前教育学 Pre-school Education高等教育学 Higher Education成人教育学 Adult Education职业技术教育学Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学 Special Education教育技术学 Education Technology心理学 Psychology基础心理学 Basic Psychology发展与心理学Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学 Applied Psychology体育学 Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学 Humane and Sociological Science of Sports运动人体科学 Human Movement Science体育教育训练学 Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学 Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学 Literature中国语言文学 Chinese Literature文艺学 Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学 Chinese Philology中国古典文献学 Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学 Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学 Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature中国少数民族语言文学 Chinese Ethnic Language and Literature比较文学与世界文学 Comparative Literature and World Literature外国语言文学 Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学 English Language and Literature俄语语言文学 Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学 French Language and Literature德语语言文学 German Language and Literature日语语言文学 Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学 Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学 European Language and Literature亚非语言文学Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学 Linguistics and Applied Linguistics inForeign Languages新闻传播学 Journalism and Communication新闻学 Journalism传播学 Communication艺术学 Art艺术学 Art Theory音乐学 Music美术学 Fine Arts设计艺术学 Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学 Film广播电视艺术学 Radio and television Art舞蹈学 Dance历史学 History史学理论及史学史Historical Theories and History of HistoricalScience考古学及博物馆学 Archaeology and Museology历史地理学 Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature(including Paleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门史 History of Particular Subjects中国古代史 Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史 Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史 World History自然科学 Natural Science数学 Mathematics基础数学 Fundamental Mathematics计算数学 Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计 Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学 Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学 Physics理论物理 Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理Particle Physics andNuclear Physics原子与分子物理 Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理 Plasma Physics凝聚态物理 Condensed Matter Physics声学 Acoustics光学 Optics无线电物理 Radio Physics化学 Chemistry无机化学 Inorganic Chemistry分析化学 Analytical Chemistry有机化学 Organic Chemistry物理化学（含化学物理）Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics)高分子化学与物理Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学 Astronomy天体物理 Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学 Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学 Geography自然地理学 Physical Geography人文地理学 Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统 Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学 Atmospheric Sciences气象学 Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境 Atmospheric Physics and AtmosphericEnvironment海洋科学 Marine Sciences物理海洋学 Physical Oceanography海洋化学 Marine Chemistry海洋生理学 Marine Biology海洋地质学 Marine Geology地球物理学 Geophysics固体地球物理学 Solid Earth Physics空间物理学 Space Physics地质学 Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学 Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral DepositGeology地球化学 Geochemistry古生物学与地层学（含古人类学） Paleontology and Stratigraphy (including Paleoanthropology)构造地质学 Structural Geology第四纪地质学 Quaternary Geology生物学 Biology植物学 Botany动物学 Zoology生理学 Physiology水生生物学 Hydrobiology微生物学 Microbiology神经生物学 Neurobiology遗传学 Genetics发育生物学 Developmental Biology细胞生物学 Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学Biochemistry and Molecular Biology生物物理学 Biophysics生态学 Ecology系统科学 Systems Science系统理论 Systems Theory系统分析与集成Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史 History of Science and Technology工学 Engineering力学 Mechanics一般力学与力学基础 General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学 Solid Mechanics流体力学 Fluid Mechanics工程力学 Engineering Mechanics机械工程 Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化 Mechanical Manufacture and Automation机械电子工程 Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论 Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程 Vehicle Engineering光学工程 Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器Measuring and Testing Technologies and Instruments材料科学与工程Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学 Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学 Materialogy材料加工工程 Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程 Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学 Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金 Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金 Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理 Power Engineering and EngineeringThermophysics工程热物理 Engineering Thermophysics热能工程 Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程 Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程 Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械 Chemical Process Equipment电气工程 Electrical Engineering电机与电器Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术 High Voltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动 Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术 Theory and New Technology of ElectricalEngineering电子科学与技术Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学 Physical Electronics电路与系统 Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程 Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统 Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程 Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程 Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置 Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程 Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统 Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论 Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构 Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术 Computer Applied Technology建筑学 Architecture建筑历史与理论Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计） Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学 Building Technology Science土木工程 Civil Engineering岩土工程 Geotechnical Engineering结构工程 Structural Engineering市政工程 Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程 Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程 Disaster Prevention and ReductionEngineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程 Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程 Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源 Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程 Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术 Surveying and Mapping, ; 大地测量学与测量工程Geodesy and Survey摄影测量与遥感Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程 Chemical Engineering化学工艺 Chemical Technology生物化工 Biochemical Engineering应用化学 Applied Chemistry工业催化 Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程 Geological Resources and GeologicalEngineering矿产普查与勘探 Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程 Geological Engineering矿业工程 Mineral Engineering采矿工程 Mining Engineering矿物加工工程 Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程 Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development油气储运工程 Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程 Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程 Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程 Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程 The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程 Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程 Sugar Engineering发酵工程 Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程 Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程 Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理 Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程 Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程 Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造Design and Construction of NavalArchitecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程 Marine Engine Engineering水声工程 Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计 Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程 Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程 Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程 Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术 Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术 Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程 Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术 Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护 Radiation and EnvironmentalProtection农业工程 Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering农业电气化与自动化Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程 Forestry Engineering森林工程 Forest Engineering木材科学与技术 Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程Chemical Processing Engineering of ForestProducts环境科学与工程Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学 Environmental Science环境工程 Environmental Engineering生物医学工程 Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程 Food Science and Engineering食品科学 Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程 Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage of AgricultureProducts水产品加工及贮藏工程 Processing and Storage ofAquatic Products农学 Agriculture作物学 Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学 Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学 Horticulture果树学 Pomology蔬菜学 Olericulture茶学 Tea Science农业资源利用学Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学 Soil Science植物营养学 Plant Nutrition植物保护学 Plant Protection植物病理学 Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治 Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学 Pesticide Science畜牧学 Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖 Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Science动物营养与饲料科学 Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学 Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等） The Rearing of Special-type Economic Animals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学 Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学 Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学 Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学 Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学 Forestry林木遗传育种学Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学 Silviculture森林保护学 Forest Protection森林经理学 Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用 Wildlife Conservation and Utilization园林植物与观赏园艺Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治Soil and Water Conservation andDesertification Combating水产学 Fisheries Science水产养殖学 Aquaculture Science捕捞学 Fishing Science渔业资源学 Science of Fisheries Resources医学 Medicine基础医学 Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学 Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学 Immunology病原生物学 Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学 Forensic Medicine放射医学 Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学 Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学）Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology,Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology andMetabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, InfectiousDiseases)儿科学 Pediatrics老年医学 Geriatrics神经病学 Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学 Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学 Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学 Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学 Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学）Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery,Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学 Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学 Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学 Otolaryngology肿瘤学 Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学 Sports Medicine麻醉学 Anesthesiology急诊医学 Emergency Medicine口腔医学 Stomatology口腔基础医学 Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学 Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学 Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学 Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学 Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学 Military Preventive Medicine中医学 Chinese Medicine中医基础理论 Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础 Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献 History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学 Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学 Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学 Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学 Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学 Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学 Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学 Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学 Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of ChineseMedicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学 Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学 Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学 Basic Discipline of Chinese and WesternIntegrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学 Pharmaceutical Science药物化学 Medicinal Chemistry药剂学 Pharmaceutics生药学 Pharmacognosy药物分析学 Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学 Pharmacology中药学 Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学 Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学 Military Thought andMilitary History军事思想学 Military Thought军事历史学 Military History战略学 Science of Strategy军事战略学 Military Strategy战争动员学 War Mobilization战役学 Science of Operations联合战役学 Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学） Armed Service Operation (includingOperation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学 Science of Tactics合同战术学 Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学 Branch Tactics军队指挥学 Science of Command作战指挥学 Combat Command军事运筹学 Military Operation Research军事通信学 Military Communication军事情报学 Military Intelligence密码学 Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学） Military Education and Training (includingMilitary Physical Training)军制学 Science of Military System军事组织编制学 Military Organizational System军队管理学 Military Management军队政治工作学 Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学 Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学 Military Logistics后方专业勤务 Rear Special Service军事装备学 Military Equipment管理学 Management Science管理科学与工程Management Science and Engineering工商管理学 Science of Business Administration会计学 Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学） Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学 Tourist Management技术经济及管理学Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学 Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学 Science of Public Management行政管理学 Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学 Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学Educational Economy and Management社会保障学 Social Security土地资源管理学 Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学 Library Science情报学 Information Science档案学 Archival Science。
国际实时新闻英语赏析
国际实时新闻英语赏析
Appreciation and Analysis of Latest World News
Lectured by Mr. Zhu
一、新闻的属性(nature) 新闻的属性
“新闻”，通俗地讲就是社会生活中新近(when)发生 新闻” 通俗地讲就是社会生活中新近 新闻 发生 的事，它包括政治、经济、文化、体育、卫生、 的事，它包括政治、经济、文化、体育、卫生、科技 、农业、军事等方面(What)。新闻每时每刻都在发生 农业、军事等方面 。 并吸引着全世界受众的注意力(why and who)，它通 并吸引着全世界受众的注意力 ， 过报纸、电视、广播、 过报纸、电视、广播、网络等千姿百态地展现在受众 面前(where and how)。 面前 。
八、新闻英语标题的语法特点
1. 省略（Omission） 1). 冠词的省略 Boy on cliff rescued=A boy on a cliff is/was rescued. Volunteer, terrorist killed in ambush=A volunteer and a terrorist are/were killed in an ambush. Top Indian hotel angry at BBC=A top Indian hotel is/was angry at the BBC. 2). 连词“and”的省略 IMF Chief Urges More Global Reforms, Praises China's Business=…and… US, Vietnam Resume Talks= US and Vietnam resume talks. Philippine troops fight Abu Sayaf, kill 16 rebels= The Philippine troops fought Abu Sayaf and killed 16 rebels.
零基础入门德语
现在根据自己的经验，总结德语入门的三个步骤：Warum? 为什么学？德语学习的目的想学习德语的人越来越多，那么要先清楚自己为什么学德语？为留学，找工作，还是家庭团聚？不同的需求，不同的目的，学习的侧重点也就不同。
明确了学习德语的目的，才能正设定一下目标，引导自己坚持不懈地学下去。
Was? 学什么？德语学习的内容打算从零开始学习德语的同学，经常会问如何学习，要用哪本教材？现在使用的教材非常多，其实初级的教材内容基本上相差不多，综合比较了以下的教材，《新标准德语强化教程》、《交际德语教程》、《Schritte步伐》、《快乐德语》、《新标准德语强化教程青少版》，需要初学者掌握的语法和词汇基本相同。
初级的德语基本是生活中日常的内容，只有到了中级、高级才会有论述、讨论、新闻稿的复杂的文章，所以刚开始学习的同学大可不必担心，等你积累到一定的语法和词汇，自然可以看懂更多的内容。
关于教材的选择建议1：语音学习其实入过门的童鞋都知道，德语的语音是最easy的部分。
随便一本教材的开头都有发音规则。
德语的发音规则很好记，而且基本上一个字母/字母组合对应一或两个音(顶多三个音)，没有英语那么多变，也没有法语那么复杂。
熟悉了这些规则以后，拼读、拼写、唱歌都不是问题。
同时，德语的字母也很简单，只比26个英语字母多4个而已：Ää，Öö，Üü，ß。
而且他们四个也都有固定的发音，从来不变。
打算自学的童鞋们一定要注意自己的音准哦！推荐大家试试：德语零基础德语语音入门。
建议2、词汇学习过了发音阶段就可以没事背背单词了。
有的童鞋可能一看到der，das，die又懵了……淡定!这只是冠词而已，不一样的单词，不一样的性别，不一样的冠词，一样都只需要背下来而已。
而且时间长了，相信小编，你就有直觉了(一本正经地胡说八道……)。
建议3、句子学习背过一些基础单词后，就可以学学简单的小句子了。
ka结尾的单词
ka结尾的单词全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：【ka结尾的单词】是英语语言中的一个特殊组合。
这些单词以"ka"为结尾，通常拥有独特的含义和用法。
下面我们将介绍一些以"ka"结尾的单词，并解释它们的含义和用法。
让我们来看看一些常见的以"ka"结尾的单词。
"ka"这个词尾通常用于构成动词、名词、形容词等。
"shaka"是一个夏威夷的问候方式，意为"你好"或"再见"。
另一个例子是"kaftan"，这是一种宽松的长袍，常穿在中东地区。
还有"bulimia"，意为"暴食厌食症"，是一种影响健康的心理疾病。
除了以上的例子，还有许多其他以"ka"结尾的单词。
比如"paparazzi"，来自意大利语，用来形容那些追逐名人暴露隐私的摄影师。
"waka"则是尼日利亚一种古老的船只，常用于载客或货物。
而"rooka"是一种澳大利亚土著居民的传统护身符。
"ka"这个词尾还常用于形容词，如"noka"，意为"无尾的"，用于形容那些没有尾巴的动物。
另一个例子是"swastika"，德语词汇，意为"幸运符号"，在古代被认为能带来好运。
还有"yokka"，形容那些有自己风格的人或事物。
除了英语之外，"ka"这个词尾还存在于一些其他语言中。
比如日语中，"sensei"就是一种以"ka"结尾的单词，意为"老师"或"导师"。
在马来语中，"takwa"是一个常见的单词，意为"虔诚"或"敬畏"。
大学课程学科词汇英文表达方式汇总
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歌德证书b1备考指南 -回复
歌德证书b1备考指南-回复歌德证书B1备考指南概述：歌德证书B1是德国歌德学院颁发的一级德语语言考试证书，属于中级水平。
该证书主要考察考生在德语听力、阅读、口语和写作等方面的能力，是进一步学习和工作的基础。
1. 准备工作首先，了解歌德证书B1考试的内容和要求，明确备考目标。
获取备考用书和教材，可以选择一份专门为B1考试编写的教材，或者根据自身情况选择适合自己的教材。
此外，也可以参加B1级别的培训班或课程，通过专业的指导巩固语言能力。
2.听力考试技巧针对听力考试，建议多进行听力训练。
可以通过听录音材料，如德语新闻、德语歌曲、德语电影等，来提高听力理解能力。
同时，多做听力练习题，熟悉考试的题型和要求。
在实践中培养对德语语音的敏感度，提高听力反应速度。
3.阅读考试技巧针对阅读考试，建议多读德语文学作品、德语报纸、德语杂志等，并注意扩展词汇量和理解能力。
在阅读过程中，注意理解文章的大意和关键信息，注意理解词语和句子的结构及上下文的逻辑关系。
多做阅读练习题，熟悉各种题型，提高阅读速度和正确率。
4.口语考试技巧针对口语考试，要多进行口语练习，培养流利、清晰的口语表达能力。
可以与人进行德语对话练习，或者参加德语口语俱乐部、德语角等活动。
同时，积累常用表达和口语固定搭配，并注意纠正口语习惯中的错误。
5.写作考试技巧针对写作考试，要多进行写作训练，提高写作能力。
可以选择一些德语写作题目进行练习，包括信件、日记、文章等。
在写作过程中，要注意语法和拼写错误，并注意语言表达的准确性和流畅性。
6. 考前准备在考前阶段，要进行系统的复习和总结，熟悉考试的各个部分和题型。
可通过模拟考试进行模拟练习，了解自己的备考进度和不足之处。
睡眠、饮食和精神状态也要保持良好，以确保身体和精神处于最佳状态。
7. 考试策略考试时，要注意时间分配和答题顺序。
可以先做自己擅长的题型，提高信心和成绩，然后再解决较难的题目。
如果不确定某个选项，可以根据上下文进行推理和判断。
各个学科的英文单词
各个学科的英文单词篇一：所有学科英语单词篇二：英语各个学科词汇表篇三：各个科目的英语单词科目的英语单词作者：cyy_134t更新：20XX-3-2121:38:00阅读次数：101发表评论【0】哲学philosophy马克思主义哲学philosophyofmarxism中国哲学chinesephilosophy外国哲学Foreignphilosophies逻辑学Logic伦理学ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学scienceofReligion科学技术哲学philosophyofscienceandTechnology经济学economics理论经济学Theoreticaleconomics政治经济学politicaleconomy经济思想史historyofeconomicThought经济史historyofeconomic西方经济学westerneconomics世界经济worldeconomics人口、资源与环境经济学population,Resourcesandenvironmentaleconomics应用经济学Appliedeconomics国民经济学nationaleconomics区域经济学Regionaleconomics法学Lawcommunistmovement中共党史(含党的学说与党的建设)historyofthecommunistpartyofchina (includingtheDoctrineofchinapartyandpartybuilding)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育educationofmarxistTheoryandeducationinIdeologyandpolitics国际政治学Internationalpolitics国际关系学InternationalRelations外交学Diplomacy社会学sociology社会学sociology人口学Demography人类学Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学)Folklore(includingchineseFolkLiterature)民族学ethnology民族学ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策marxistethnicTheoryandpolicy 中国少数民族经济chineseethniceconomics中国少数民族史chineseethnichistory中国少数民族艺术chineseethnicArt教育学education教育学educationscience教育学原理educationalprinciple课程与教学论curriculumandTeachingmethodology教育史historyofeducation比较教育学comparativeeducation学前教育学pre-schooleducation高等教育学highereducation成人教育学Adulteducation职业技术教育学V ocationalandTechnicaleducation特殊教育学specialeducation教育技术学educationTechnology心理学psychology基础心理学basicpsychology发展与心理学Developmentalandeducationalpsychology应用心理学Appliedpsychology体育学scienceofphysicalcultureandsports体育人文社会学humaneandsociologicalscienceofsports运动人体科学humanmovementscience体育教育训练学TheoryofsportspedagogyandTraining民族传统体育学scienceofethnicTraditionalsports文学Literature中国语言文学chineseLiterature文艺学TheoryofLiteratureandArt语言学及应用语言学LinguisticsandAppliedLinguistics汉语言文字学chinesephilology中国古典文献学studyofchineseclassicalText中国古代文学AncientchineseLiterature中国现当代文学modernandcontemporarychineseLiterature中国少数民族语言文学chineseethnicLanguageand Literature比较文学与世界文学comparativeLiteratureandworldLiterature 外国语言文学ForeignLanguagesandLiteratures英语语言文学englishLanguageandLiterature俄语语言文学RussianLanguageandLiterature法语语言文学FrenchLanguageandLiterature德语语言文学germanLanguageandLiterature日语语言文学JapaneseLanguageandLiterature印度语言文学IndianLanguageandLiterature西班牙语语言文学spanishLanguageandLiterature阿拉伯语语言文学ArabicLanguageandLiterature欧洲语言文学europeanLanguageandLiterature亚非语言文学Asian-AfricanLanguageandLiterature外国语言学及应用语言学LinguisticsandAppliedLinguisticsin ForeignLanguages新闻传播学Journalismandcommunication新闻学Journalism传播学communication艺术学Art艺术学ArtTheory音乐学music美术学FineArts设计艺术学ArtisticDesign戏剧戏曲学TheaterandchineseTraditionalopera电影学Film广播电视艺术学RadioandtelevisionArt舞蹈学Dance历史学history历史学history史学理论及史学史historicalTheoriesandhistoryofhistoricalscience考古学及博物馆学Archaeologyandmuseology历史地理学historicalgeography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学)studiesofhistoricalLiterature(includingpaleographyandstudiesofDunhu ang)专门史historyofparticularsubjects中国古代史Ancientchinesehistory中国近现代史modernandcontemporarychinesehistory世界史worldhistory理学naturalscience数学mathematics基础数学Fundamentalmathematics计算数学computationalmathematics概率论与数理统计probabilityandmathematicalstatistics应用数学Appliedmathematics运筹学与控制论operationalResearchandcybernetics物理学physics理论物理Theoreticalphysics粒子物理与原子核物理particlephysicsandnuclearphysics原子与分子物理Atomicandmolecularphysics等离子体物理plasmaphysics凝聚态物理condensedmatterphysics。
学科英文词汇
学科英文词汇中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学Philosophy哲学Philosophy马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学Chinese Philosophy外国哲学Foreign Philosophies逻辑学Logic伦理学Ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学Science of Religion科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学Economics理论经济学Theoretical Economics政治经济学Political Economy经济思想史History of Economic Thought经济史History of Economic西方经济学Western Economics世界经济World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学Applied Economics国民经济学National Economics区域经济学Regional Economics财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学Industrial Economics国际贸易学International Trade劳动经济学Labor Economics统计学Statistics数量经济学Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学National Defense Economics法学Law法学Science of Law法学理论Jurisprudence法律史Legal History宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law (including Science of Labour Law and Science of Social Security Law )诉讼法学Science of Procedure Laws经济法学Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学Science of Environment and NaturalResources Protection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学Science of Military Law政治学Political Science政治学理论Political Theory中外政治制度Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement中共党史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学International Politics国际关系学International Relations外交学Diplomacy社会学Sociology社会学Sociology人口学Demography人类学Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese Folk Literature)民族学Ethnology民族学Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy中国少数民族经济Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术Chinese Ethnic Art教育学Education教育学Education Science教育学原理Educational Principle课程与教学论Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史History of Education比较教育学Comparative Education学前教育学Pre-school Education高等教育学Higher Education成人教育学Adult Education职业技术教育学V ocational and Technical Education特殊教育学Special Education教育技术学Education Technology心理学Psychology基础心理学Basic Psychology发展与心理学Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学Applied Psychology体育学Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学Humane and Sociological Science of Sports运动人体科学Human Movement Science体育教育训练学Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学Literature中国语言文学Chinese Literature文艺学Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学Chinese Philology中国古典文献学Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature中国少数民族语言文学Chinese Ethnic Language and Literature比较文学与世界文学Comparative Literature and World Literature 外国语言文学Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学English Language and Literature俄语语言文学Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学French Language and Literature德语语言文学German Language and Literature日语语言文学Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学European Language and Literature亚非语言文学Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学Linguistics and Applied Linguistics in Foreign Languages新闻传播学Journalism and Communication新闻学Journalism传播学Communication艺术学Art艺术学Art Theory音乐学Music美术学Fine Arts设计艺术学Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学Film广播电视艺术学Radio and television Art舞蹈学Dance历史学History历史学History史学理论及史学史Historical Theories and History of HistoricalScience考古学及博物馆学Archaeology and Museology历史地理学Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature(including Paleography and Studies of Dunhuang)专门史History of Particular Subjects中国古代史Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史World History理学Natural Science数学Mathematics基础数学Fundamental Mathematics计算数学Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学Physics理论物理Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理Plasma Physics凝聚态物理Condensed Matter Physics声学Acoustics光学Optics无线电物理Radio Physics化学Chemistry无机化学Inorganic Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学（含化学物理）Physical Chemistry (including ChemicalPhysics)高分子化学与物理Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学Astronomy天体物理Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学Geography自然地理学Physical Geography人文地理学Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学Atmospheric Sciences气象学Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境Atmospheric Physics and AtmosphericEnvironment海洋科学Marine Sciences物理海洋学Physical Oceanography海洋化学Marine Chemistry海洋生理学Marine Biology海洋地质学Marine Geology地球物理学Geophysics固体地球物理学Solid Earth Physics空间物理学Space Physics地质学Geology矿物学、岩石学、矿床学Mineralogy, Petrology, Mineral DepositGeology地球化学Geochemistry古生物学与地层学（含古人类学）Paleontology and Stratigraphy (including Paleoanthropology)构造地质学Structural Geology第四纪地质学Quaternary Geology生物学Biology植物学Botany动物学Zoology生理学Physiology水生生物学Hydrobiology微生物学Microbiology神经生物学Neurobiology遗传学Genetics发育生物学Developmental Biology细胞生物学Cell Biology生物化学与分子生物学Biochemistry and Molecular Biology生物物理学Biophysics生态学Ecology系统科学Systems Science系统理论Systems Theory系统分析与集成Systems Analysis and Integration科学技术史History of Science and Technology工学Engineering力学Mechanics一般力学与力学基础General and Fundamental Mechanics固体力学Solid Mechanics流体力学Fluid Mechanics工程力学Engineering Mechanics机械工程Mechanical Engineering机械制造及其自动化Mechanical Manufacture and Automation机械电子工程Mechatronic Engineering机械设计与理论Mechanical Design and Theory车辆工程Vehicle Engineering光学工程Optical Engineering仪器科学与技术Instrument Science and Technology精密仪器及机械Precision Instrument and Machinery测试计量技术及仪器Measuring and Testing Technologies andInstruments材料科学与工程Materials Science and Engineering材料物理与化学Materials Physics and Chemistry材料学Materialogy材料加工工程Materials Processing Engineering冶金工程Metallurgical Engineering冶金物理化学Physical Chemistry of Metallurgy钢铁冶金Ferrous Metallurgy有色金属冶金Non-ferrous Metallurgy动力工程及工程热物理Power Engineering and EngineeringThermophysics工程热物理Engineering Thermophysics热能工程Thermal Power Engineering动力机械及工程Power Machinery and Engineering流体机械及工程Fluid Machinery and Engineering制冷及低温工程Refrigeration and Cryogenic Engineering化工过程机械Chemical Process Equipment电气工程Electrical Engineering电机与电器Electric Machines and Electric Apparatus电力系统及其自动化Power System and its Automation高电压与绝缘技术High V oltage and Insulation Technology电力电子与电力传动Power Electronics and Power Drives电工理论与新技术Theory and New Technology of ElectricalEngineering电子科学与技术Electronics Science and Technology物理电子学Physical Electronics电路与系统Circuits and Systems微电子学与固体电子学Microelectronics and Solid State Electronics电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave Technology信息与通信工程Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术Computer Applied Technology建筑学Architecture建筑历史与理论Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计）Urban Planning and Design (includingLandscape Planning and Design)建筑技术科学Building Technology Science土木工程Civil Engineering岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering结构工程Structural Engineering市政工程Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程Disaster Prevention and ReductionEngineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程Chemical Engineering化学工艺Chemical Technology生物化工Biochemical Engineering应用化学Applied Chemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程Geological Engineering矿业工程Mineral Engineering采矿工程Mining Engineering矿物加工工程Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and FinishingEngineering服装设计与工程Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程Sugar Engineering发酵工程Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造Design and Construction of NavalArchitecture and Ocean Structure轮机工程Marine Engine Engineering水声工程Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science andTechnology飞行器设计Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护Radiation and Environmental Protection农业工程Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程Agricultural Biological Environmental and Energy Engineering农业电气化与自动化Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程Forestry Engineering森林工程Forest Engineering木材科学与技术Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程Chemical Processing Engineering of ForestProducts环境科学与工程Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学Environmental Science环境工程Environmental Engineering生物医学工程Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程Food Science and Engineering食品科学Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals, Oils and Vegetable ProteinEngineering农产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学Agriculture作物学Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学Horticulture果树学Pomology蔬菜学Olericulture茶学Tea Science农业资源利用学Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学Soil Science植物营养学Plant Nutrition植物保护学Plant Protection植物病理学Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学Pesticide Science畜牧学Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖Animal Genetics, Breeding and ReproductionScience动物营养与饲料科学Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等）The Rearing of Special-type Economic Animals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学V eterinary Medicine基础兽医学Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学Forestry林木遗传育种学Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学Silviculture森林保护学Forest Protection森林经理学Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用Wildlife Conservation and Utilization园林植物与观赏园艺Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治Soil and Water Conservation andDesertification Combating水产学Fisheries Science水产养殖学Aquaculture Science捕捞学Fishing Science渔业资源学Science of Fisheries Resources医学Medicine基础医学Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学Immunology病原生物学Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学Forensic Medicine放射医学Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学）Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学Pediatrics老年医学Geriatrics神经病学Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学）Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学Military Preventive Medicine中医学Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of ChineseMedicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinesemedicine民族医学Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and WesternIntegrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and WesternIntegrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学Pharmaceutics生药学Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学Pharmacology中药学Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学Military Thought and Military History军事思想学Military Thought军事历史学Military History战略学Science of Strategy军事战略学Military Strategy战争动员学War Mobilization战役学Science of Operations联合战役学Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学）Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学Science of Tactics合同战术学Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学Branch Tactics军队指挥学Science of Command作战指挥学Combat Command军事运筹学Military Operation Research军事通信学Military Communication军事情报学Military Intelligence密码学Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学）Military Education and Training (includingMilitary Physical Training)军制学Science of Military System军事组织编制学Military Organizational System军队管理学Military Management军队政治工作学Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学Military Logistics后方专业勤务Rear Special Service军事装备学Military Equipment管理学Management Science管理科学与工程Management Science and Engineering工商管理学Science of Business Administration会计学Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学）Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学Tourist Management技术经济及管理学Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学Science of Public Management行政管理学Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学Educational Economy and Management社会保障学Social Security土地资源管理学Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学Library Science情报学Information Science档案学Archival Science。
英语外来词对德语的影响
英语外来词对德语的影响綦甲福(解放军外国语学院四系,河南洛阳471003)摘 要:在德语的发展过程中,外来语对其产生了极大的影响。
20世纪以来,英语成为世界上最有影响的语言,对其他语言产生了很大的冲击。
英语对德语的影响首先表现在词汇上,同时也影响到德语的拼写、发音、词法和语法体系。
大量的英语词涌入德语中,既丰富了德语词汇,又造成了一定的混乱。
因此,一些语言学家致力于纯洁德语的工作。
关键词:德语;外来词;英语中图分类号:H33315 文献标识码:A 文章编号:10022722X (2002)0620026205Influence of English Loan Words on G ermanQ I Jia 2fu(Department Four ,PLA University of Foreign Languages ,Luoyang ,Henan Prov.,471003,China )Abstract :Historically ,G erman has been greatly influenced by foreign cultures.English ,which has been the most influential force since the 20th century ,has made tremendous impact on many other languages ,including G erman.The influence of English can be found not only in G erman vocabulary ,but also in its spelling ,pronunciation ,morphology and grammar.A great many words in English have been borrowed into G erman ,which has enlarged G erman vocabulary and also engendered disorder.Many linguists are working hard to purify G erman.K ey w ords :G erman ;loan words ;English 语言既是文化的产物,又是文化的载体,同时也是维系和促进社会发展的工具。
学科英文词汇
学科英文词汇中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称哲学Philosophy哲学Philosophy马克思主义哲学Philosophy of Marxism中国哲学Chinese Philosophy外国哲学Foreign Philosophies逻辑学Logic伦理学Ethics美学Aesthetics宗教学Science of Religion科学技术哲学Philosophy of Science and Technology经济学Economics理论经济学Theoretical Economics政治经济学Political Economy经济思想史History of Economic Thought经济史History of Economic西方经济学Western Economics世界经济World Economics人口、资源与环境经济学Population, Resources and Environmental Economics应用经济学Applied Economics国民经济学National Economics区域经济学Regional Economics财政学（含税收学）Public Finance (including Taxation)金融学（含保险学）Finance (including Insurance)产业经济学Industrial Economics国际贸易学International Trade劳动经济学Labor Economics统计学Statistics数量经济学Quantitative Economics中文学科、专业名称英文学科、专业名称国防经济学National Defense Economics法学Law法学Science of Law法学理论Jurisprudence法律史Legal History宪法学与行政法学Constitutional Law and Administrative Law刑法学Criminal Jurisprudence民商法学(含劳动法学、社会保障法学) Civil Law and Commercial Law(including Science of Labour Law and Science of SocialSecurity Law )诉讼法学Science of Procedure Laws经济法学Science of Economic Law环境与资源保护法学Science of Environment and Natural Resources Protection Law国际法学(含国际公法学、国际私法学、国际经济法学、) International law (including International Public law, International Private Law and International Economic Law)军事法学Science of Military Law政治学Political Science政治学理论Political Theory中外政治制度Chinese and Foreign Political Institution科学社会主义与国际共产主义运动Scientific Socialism and International Communist Movement中共党史(含党的学说与党的建设) History of the Communist Party of China (including the Doctrine of China Party and Party Building)马克思主义理论与思想政治教育Education of Marxist Theory and Education in Ideology and Politics国际政治学International Politics国际关系学International Relations外交学Diplomacy社会学Sociology社会学Sociology人口学Demography人类学Anthropology民俗学(含中国民间文学) Folklore (including Chinese FolkLiterature)民族学Ethnology民族学Ethnology马克思主义民族理论与政策Marxist Ethnic Theory and Policy中国少数民族经济Chinese Ethnic Economics中国少数民族史Chinese Ethnic History中国少数民族艺术Chinese Ethnic Art教育学Education教育学Education Science教育学原理Educational Principle课程与教学论Curriculum and Teaching Methodology教育史History of Education比较教育学Comparative Education学前教育学Pre-school Education高等教育学Higher Education成人教育学Adult Education职业技术教育学Vocational and Technical Education特殊教育学Special Education教育技术学Education Technology心理学Psychology基础心理学Basic Psychology发展与心理学Developmental and Educational Psychology应用心理学Applied Psychology体育学Science of Physical Culture and Sports体育人文社会学Humane and Sociological Science of Sports运动人体科学Human Movement Science体育教育训练学Theory of Sports Pedagogy and Training民族传统体育学Science of Ethnic Traditional Sports文学Literature中国语言文学Chinese Literature文艺学Theory of Literature and Art语言学及应用语言学Linguistics and Applied Linguistics汉语言文字学Chinese Philology中国古典文献学Study of Chinese Classical Text中国古代文学Ancient Chinese Literature中国现当代文学Modern and Contemporary Chinese Literature中国少数民族语言文学Chinese Ethnic Language and Literature比较文学与世界文学Comparative Literature and World Literature外国语言文学Foreign Languages and Literatures英语语言文学English Language and Literature俄语语言文学Russian Language and Literature法语语言文学French Language and Literature德语语言文学German Language and Literature日语语言文学Japanese Language and Literature印度语言文学Indian Language and Literature西班牙语语言文学Spanish Language and Literature阿拉伯语语言文学Arabic Language and Literature欧洲语言文学European Language and Literature亚非语言文学Asian-African Language and Literature外国语言学及应用语言学Linguistics and Applied Linguistics inForeign Languages 新闻传播学Journalism and Communication新闻学Journalism传播学Communication艺术学Art艺术学Art Theory音乐学Music美术学Fine Arts设计艺术学Artistic Design戏剧戏曲学Theater and Chinese Traditional Opera电影学Film广播电视艺术学Radio and television Art舞蹈学Dance历史学History历史学History史学理论及史学史Historical Theories and History of Historical Science考古学及博物馆学Archaeology and Museology历史地理学Historical Geography历史文献学(含敦煌学、古文字学) Studies of Historical Literature (including Paleography and Studies of Dunhuang) 专门史History of Particular Subjects中国古代史Ancient Chinese History中国近现代史Modern and Contemporary Chinese History世界史World History理学Natural Science数学Mathematics基础数学Fundamental Mathematics计算数学Computational Mathematics概率论与数理统计Probability and Mathematical Statistics应用数学Applied mathematics运筹学与控制论Operational Research and Cybernetics物理学Physics理论物理Theoretical Physics粒子物理与原子核物理Particle Physics and Nuclear Physics原子与分子物理Atomic and Molecular Physics等离子体物理Plasma Physics凝聚态物理Condensed Matter Physics声学Acoustics光学Optics无线电物理Radio Physics化学Chemistry无机化学Inorganic Chemistry分析化学Analytical Chemistry有机化学Organic Chemistry物理化学（含化学物理）Physical Chemistry (including Chemical Physics)高分子化学与物理Chemistry and Physics of Polymers天文学Astronomy天体物理Astrophysics天体测量与天体力学Astrometry and Celestial Mechanics地理学Geography自然地理学Physical Geography人文地理学Human Geography地图学与地理信息系统Cartography and Geography Information System大气科学Atmospheric Sciences气象学Meteorology大气物理学与大气环境Atmospheric Physics and Atmospheric Environment海洋科学Marine Sciences物理海洋学Physical Oceanography海洋化学Marine Chemistry海洋生理学Marine Biology海洋地质学Marine Geology地球物理学Geophysics固体地球物理学Solid Earth Physics空间物理学Space 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Technology信息与通信工程Information and Communication Engineering通信与信息系统Communication and Information Systems信号与信息处理Signal and Information Processing控制科学与工程Control Science and Engineering控制理论与控制工程Control Theory and Control Engineering检测技术与自动化装置Detection Technology and Automatic Equipment系统工程Systems Engineering模式识别与智能系统Pattern Recognition and Intelligent Systems导航、制导与控制Navigation, Guidance and Control计算机科学与技术Computer Science and Technology计算机软件与理论Computer Software and Theory计算机系统结构Computer Systems Organization计算机应用技术Computer Applied Technology建筑学Architecture建筑历史与理论Architectural History and Theory建筑设计及其理论Architectural Design and Theory城市规划与设计（含风景园林规划与设计）Urban Planning and Design (including Landscape Planning and Design) 建筑技术科学Building Technology Science土木工程Civil Engineering岩土工程Geotechnical Engineering结构工程Structural Engineering市政工程Municipal Engineering供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程Heating, Gas Supply, Ventilating and Air Conditioning Engineering防灾减灾工程及防护工程Disaster Prevention and Reduction Engineering and Protective Engineering桥梁与隧道工程Bridge and Tunnel Engineering水利工程Hydraulic Engineering水文学及水资源Hydrology and Water Resources水力学及河流动力学Hydraulics and River Dynamics水工结构工程Hydraulic Structure Engineering水利水电工程Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering港口、海岸及近海工程Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering测绘科学与技术Surveying and Mapping大地测量学与测量工程Geodesy and Survey Engineering摄影测量与遥感Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing地图制图学与地理信息工程Cartography and Geographic Information Engineering化学工程与技术Chemical Engineering and Technology化学工程Chemical Engineering化学工艺Chemical Technology生物化工Biochemical Engineering应用化学Applied Chemistry工业催化Industrial Catalysis地质资源与地质工程Geological Resources and Geological Engineering矿产普查与勘探Mineral Resource Prospecting and Exploration地球探测与信息技术Geodetection and Information Technology地质工程Geological Engineering矿业工程Mineral Engineering采矿工程Mining Engineering矿物加工工程Mineral Processing Engineering安全技术及工程Safety Technology and Engineering石油与天然气工程Oil and Natural Gas Engineering油气井工程Oil-Gas Well Engineering油气田开发工程Oil-Gas Field Development Engineering油气储运工程Oil-Gas Storage and Transportation Engineering纺织科学与工程Textile Science and Engineering纺织工程Textile Engineering纺织材料与纺织品设计Textile Material and Textiles Design纺织化学与染整工程Textile Chemistry and Dyeing and Finishing Engineering服装设计与工程Clothing Design and Engineering轻工技术与工程The Light Industry Technology and Engineering制浆造纸工程Pulp and Paper Engineering制糖工程Sugar Engineering发酵工程Fermentation Engineering皮革化学与工程Leather Chemistry and Engineering交通运输工程Communication and Transportation Engineering道路与铁道工程Highway and Railway Engineering交通信息工程及控制Traffic Information Engineering & Control交通运输规划与管理Transportation Planning and Management载运工具运用工程Vehicle Operation Engineering船舶与海洋工程Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering船舶与海洋结构物设计制造Design and Construction of Naval Architecture and Ocean Structure 轮机工程Marine Engine Engineering水声工程Underwater Acoustics Engineering航空宇航科学与技术Aeronautical and Astronautical Science and Technology飞行器设计Flight Vehicle Design航空宇航推进理论与工程Aerospace Propulsion Theory and Engineering航空宇航器制造工程Manufacturing Engineering of Aerospace Vehicle人机与环境工程Man-Machine and Environmental Engineering兵器科学与技术Armament Science and Technology武器系统与运用工程Weapon Systems and Utilization Engineering兵器发射理论与技术Armament Launch Theory and Technology火炮、自动武器与弹药工程Artillery, Automatic Gun and Ammunition Engineering军事化学与烟火技术Military Chemistry and Pyrotechnics核科学与技术Nuclear Science and Technology核能科学与工程Nuclear Energy Science and Engineering核燃料循环与材料Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Materials核技术及应用Nuclear Technology and Applications辐射防护及环境保护Radiation and Environmental Protection农业工程Agricultural Engineering农业机械化工程Agricultural Mechanization Engineering农业水土工程Agricultural Water-Soil Engineering农业生物环境与能源工程Agricultural Biological Environmental andEnergy Engineering农业电气化与自动化Agricultural Electrification and Automation林业工程Forestry Engineering森林工程Forest Engineering木材科学与技术Wood Science and Technology林产化学加工工程Chemical Processing Engineering of Forest Products环境科学与工程Environmental Science and Engineering环境科学Environmental Science环境工程Environmental Engineering生物医学工程Biomedical Engineering食品科学与工程Food Science and Engineering食品科学Food Science粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程Cereals, Oils and Vegetable Protein Engineering农产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Agriculture Products水产品加工及贮藏工程Processing and Storage of Aquatic Products农学Agriculture作物学Crop Science作物栽培学与耕作学Crop Cultivation and Farming System作物遗传育种学Crop Genetics and Breeding园艺学Horticulture果树学Pomology蔬菜学Olericulture茶学Tea Science农业资源利用学Utilization Science of Agricultural Resources土壤学Soil Science植物营养学Plant Nutrition植物保护学Plant Protection植物病理学Plant Pathology农业昆虫与害虫防治Agricultural Entomology and Pest Control农药学Pesticide Science畜牧学Animal Science动物遗传育种与繁殖Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction Science动物营养与饲料科学Animal Nutrition and Feed Science草业科学Practaculture Science特种经济动物饲养学（含蚕、蜂等）The Rearing of Special-type Economic Animals (including Silkworm, Honeybees, etc.)兽医学Veterinary Medicine基础兽医学Basic Veterinary Medicine预防兽医学Preventive Veterinary Medicine临床兽医学Clinical Veterinary Medicine林学Forestry林木遗传育种学Forest Tree Genetics and Breeding森林培育学Silviculture森林保护学Forest Protection森林经理学Forest Management野生动植物保护与利用Wildlife Conservation and Utilization园林植物与观赏园艺Ornamental Plants and Horticulture水土保持与荒漠化防治Soil and Water Conservation and Desertification Combating水产学Fisheries Science水产养殖学Aquaculture Science捕捞学Fishing Science渔业资源学Science of Fisheries Resources医学Medicine基础医学Basic Medicine人体解剖与组织胚胎学Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology免疫学Immunology病原生物学Pathogenic Organisms病理学与病理生理学Pathology and Pathophysiology法医学Forensic Medicine放射医学Radiation Medicine航空航天与航海医学Aerospace and Nautical medicine临床医学Clinical Medicine内科学（含心血管病学、血液病学、呼吸系病学、消化系病学、内分泌与代谢病学、肾脏病学、风湿病学、传染病学）Internal medicine (including Cardiology, Hematology, Respiratory, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nephrology, Rheuma-tology, Infectious Diseases)儿科学Pediatrics老年医学Geriatrics神经病学Neurology精神病与精神卫生学Psychiatry and Mental Health皮肤病与性病学Dermatology and Venereology影像医学与核医学Imaging and Nuclear Medicine临床检验诊断学Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics护理学Nursing外科学（含普通外科学、骨外科学、泌尿外科学、胸心血管外科学、神经外科学、整形外科学、烧伤外科学、野战外科学）Surgery (General Surgery, Orthopedics, Urology, Cardiothoracic Surgery, Neurosurgery, Plastic Surgery, Burn Surgery, Field Surgery)妇产科学Obstetrics and Gynecology眼科学Ophthalmic Specialty耳鼻咽喉科学Otolaryngology肿瘤学Oncology康复医学与理疗学Rehabilitation Medicine & Physical Therapy运动医学Sports Medicine麻醉学Anesthesiology急诊医学Emergency Medicine口腔医学Stomatology口腔基础医学Basic Science of Stomatology口腔临床医学Clinical Science of Stomatology公共卫生与预防医学Public Health and Preventive Medicine流行病与卫生统计学Epidemiology and Health Statistics劳动卫生与环境卫生学Occupational and Environmental Health营养与食品卫生学Nutrition and Food Hygiene儿少卫生与妇幼保健学Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health卫生毒理学Hygiene Toxicology军事预防医学Military Preventive Medicine中医学Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic Theories of Chinese Medicine中医临床基础Clinical Foundation of Chinese Medicine中医医史文献History and Literature of Chinese Medicine方剂学Formulas of Chinese Medicine中医诊断学Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine中医内科学Chinese Internal Medicine中医外科学Surgery of Chinese Medicine中医骨伤科学Orthopedics of Chinese Medicine中医妇科学Gynecology of Chinese Medicine中医儿科学Pediatrics of Chinese Medicine中医五官科学Ophthalmology and Otolaryngoloy of Chinese Medicine针灸推拿学Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Tuina of Chinese medicine民族医学Ethnomedicine中西医结合医学Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine中西医结合基础医学Basic Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative中西医结合临床医学Clinical Discipline of Chinese and Western Integrative Medicine药学Pharmaceutical Science药物化学Medicinal Chemistry药剂学Pharmaceutics生药学Pharmacognosy药物分析学Pharmaceutical Analysis微生物与生化药学Microbial and Biochemical Pharmacy药理学Pharmacology中药学Science of Chinese Pharmacology军事学Military Science军事思想学及军事历史学Military Thought and Military History军事思想学Military Thought军事历史学Military History战略学Science of Strategy军事战略学Military Strategy战争动员学War Mobilization战役学Science of Operations联合战役学Joint Operation军种战役学（含第二炮兵战役学）Armed Service Operation (including Operation of Strategic Missile Force)战术学Science of Tactics合同战术学Combined-Arms Tactics兵种战术学Branch Tactics军队指挥学Science of Command作战指挥学Combat Command军事运筹学Military Operation Research军事通信学Military Communication军事情报学Military Intelligence密码学Cryptography军事教育训练学（含军事体育学）Military Education and Training (including Military Physical Training)军制学Science of Military System军事组织编制学Military Organizational System军队管理学Military Management军队政治工作学Science of Military Political Work军事后勤学与军事装备学Science of Military Logistics and Military Equipment军事后勤学Military Logistics后方专业勤务Rear Special Service军事装备学Military Equipment管理学Management Science管理科学与工程Management Science and Engineering工商管理学Science of Business Administration会计学Accounting企业管理学（含财务管理、市场营销学、人力资源管理学）Corporate Management (including Financial Management, Marketing, and Human Resources Management)旅游管理学Tourist Management技术经济及管理学Technology Economy and Management农林经济管理学Agricultural and Forestry Economics & Management农业经济管理学Agricultural Economics & Management林业经济管理学Forestry Economics & Management公共管理学Science of Public Management行政管理学Administration Management社会医学与卫生事业管理学Social Medicine and Health Management教育经济与管理学Educational Economy and Management社会保障学Social Security土地资源管理学Land Resource Management图书馆、情报与档案学Science of Library, Information and Archival图书馆学Library Science情报学Information Science档案学Archival Science[推荐]中国标准化规范大全通用计量术语及定义General Terms in Metrology and Their Definitions国家计量检定规程编写规则The Rules for Drafting National MetrologicalVerification Regulation流量计量名词术语及定义Metrological Terms and Their Definitions for Flow Rate标准物资常用术语(试行)General Terms of Reference Material容量、密度计量名词术语及定义（试行）Terminology and Definitions for Measurement of CapacityDensity罐内液体石油产品计量技术规范Technical Norm of the Measurement of Liquid PetroleumProducts in Tanks计量器具定型通用规范The General Norm for Pattern Evaluation of Measuring Instruments计量器具定型鉴定规范的编写导则Rules for Drafting Norms of Pattern Evraluation of Measuring Instruments产品质量检验机构计量认证技术考核规范The Technical Examination Norm for Metrology Accreditation of Testing Unit for Testing of ProductQuality计量标准命名规范The Technical Norm of Designation for Metrological Standard计量器具的可靠性分析原则Technical Norm of Reliability Analysis Principle for Measuring Instruments测量误差及数据处理技术规范（试行）Technical Norm for Error of Measurements and Interpretation of Data计量标准考核规范Technical Norm of Check for Standard of Measurement工作计量器具命名与分类代码规范Norm of Designation for Working Measuring Instrument and its Classification Code燃油加油机税控装置技术规范The Technical Norm For Revenue Control Device of Fuel Dispenser测量不确定度评定与表示Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement 税控燃油加油机定型鉴定大纲The Program for Pattern Evaluation of Fuel Dispensers with Revenue Function税控燃油加油机制造许可证考核规范The Examination Specification of Manufacturing Competence for Fuel Dispensers with Revenue Function法定计量检定机构考核规范Specification for the Examination of the Services ofLegal Metrological Verification定量包装商品净含量计量检验规则The Rules of Metrological Inspection for Net Content of Prepackeged Commidity with Fixed Content国家校准规范编写导则The Rules for Drafting National CalibrationSpecifications膜式煤气表定型鉴定大纲The Program for Pattern Evaluation of Diaphragm Gas Meters印制板用处理“E”玻璃纤维纸Specification for“E” glass paper for printed boards印制板用处理“E”玻璃纤维布Specification for finished fabric wo ven from “E” glassfor printed boardsLED显示屏通用规范Generic specification for LED panelsLED显示屏测试方法Test methods for LED panels移动通信网室内分布系统标准Standard of indoor distributing system of mobile communication network宽带无线IP技术规范Broadband wireless IP Technology specification移动IP技术规范Mobile IP Technology specification应用于无线IP技术的网络安全规范Network security specification for wireless IPTechnology无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范Wireless Lan Medium Access Control(MAC) and physicallayer(PHY) specifications无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范2.4GHz频段较高速物理层扩展规范Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and physicallayer(PHY) specifications: Higher- Speed Physical LayerExtension in the 2.4GHz Band无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范5GHz频段高速物理层扩展规范Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and physicallayer(PHY) specifications: High Speed Physical Layer inthe 5GHz Band高速率无线IP移动通信系统标准The High-Date-Rate wireless Mobil IP communicationsystem standard中小企业信息化技术规范Technical Specification for Informationalization ofMiddle and Small Enterprises中小企业信息化建设规范实施指南Guide for the Implementation of InformationalizationConstruction Specification of Middle and SmallEnterprises阴极射线管玻壳检验规范Inspection standards for glass bulbs for cathode-raytubes显像管玻壳型号命名方法The type designation for picture tube bulbs阴极射线管有效屏面缺陷规范Defect criteria in useful screen area for cathode raytubes电子元器件详细规范MYS4、MYS5、MYS6、MYS8防雷指示型过电压保护器评定水平EDetail specifications of electronic and element devicefor lighting surge protective device withfault-indication of type MYS4、MYS5、MYS6、MYS8Assessment level E空调器用步进电动机详细规范Stepping motor for air conditioning detail specification空调器用无刷直流风机详细规范Brushless D.C blower for air conditioning detailspecification数字式角度测量仪规范Digital clinometer综合智能交通电子信息系统技术体系规范Specification of technical system of integratedintelligent traffic electronic information system数字电视接收设备内部开放总线规范Specification of inner open bus for digital televisionreceivers数字音频接口Digital audio interface数字功率放大器系统技术规范Specification of system technology for digital poweramplifier数字功率放大器性能测量方法Method of performance measurement for digital poweramplifier数字功率放大器通用规范General specification for digital power amplifier汽车彩色显示器通用技术条件General specification for bus video monitor卧式液相外延系统通用规范Generic regulation for horizontal liquid phase epitaxialsystem推板式高温隧道电窑通用规范Generic regulation for pusher type high temperatureelectro-heat tunnel kiln表面组装技术术语Terminology for surface mount technology彩色电视广播接收机技术参数要求Requirement of technology parameters for colourbroadcasting television receivers数字电视接收机及机顶盒外部接口规范Specification of outer interfaces for digital televisionreceivers and set-top boxes数字电视接收设备信道与信源间模块接口规范Specification of interfaces between channels and sourcesmodules for digital television receivers电子设备用固定电感器总规范(SJ2885-88)General specification for fixed inductors for use inelectronic equipment(SJ2885-88)电子设备用片式固定电感器空白详细规范Blank detail specification for chip fixed inductors foruse in electronic equipment电子设备用压敏电阻器第3部分：空白详细规范防雷指示型过电压保护器评定水平E Varistors for use in electronic equipmentPart3: Blank detail specification for lightning surgeprotective with fault-indicationAssessment level E电子设备用压敏电阻器第3部分：分规范防雷型压敏电阻器Varistors for use in electronic equipmentPart 3: Sectional specification for lightning protectionvaristors永磁铁氧体材料物理分析方法（SJ/T10411-93）Physical analysis methods for permanent ferritematerials永磁铁氧体材料(SJ/T10410-93)Permanent ferrite materials永磁铁氧体料粉(SJ/T10412-93)Permanent ferrite powder磁性氧化物制成的RM磁芯及其附件的尺寸(SJ/T2744-87)Dimensions of RM cores made of magnetic oxides andassociated parts电子工业用免清洗液态助焊剂NO- clean liquid soldering flux电子及电器工业用硅微粉（SJ/T10675-1995）Silicon dioxide micropowder for electronic andelectrical part信息技术鼠标器通用规范Information Technology—General specification for mouse面向对象领域工程指南Guide of object-oriented domain engineering面向对象的软件系统建模规范第1部分：概念与表示法Specification of object-oriented software systemmodelingPart1:Concept and notation面向对象的软件系统建模规范第3部分：文档编制Specification of object-oriented software systemmodelingPart3: documentation喷墨打印机用墨盒通用规范General specification for cartridge-spare part ofInk-Jet machine软磁铁氧体料粉Soft ferrite powder微波炉磁控管用永磁铁氧体磁体分规范Sectional specification for permanent ferrite magnetsfor microwave oven magnetron扬声器用永磁铁氧体磁体尺寸及公差Dimension and tolerance for permanent ferrite magnetsfor speakers互联网机顶盒通用规范Generic specification for Internet set-top box电子设备用压敏电阻器安全要求Safety requirements for varistors for use in electronicequipment电子设备的安全Safety of electronic equipment防静电周转容器通用规范General specification for reusable containers and boxesfor electrostatic protection中国标准化规范大全通用计量术语及定义General Terms in Metrology and Their Definitions国家计量检定规程编写规则The Rules for Drafting National Metrological Verification Regulation流量计量名词术语及定义Metrological Terms and Their Definitions for Flow Rate标准物资常用术语(试行)General Terms of Reference Material容量、密度计量名词术语及定义（试行）Terminology and Definitions for Measurement of Capacity Density罐内液体石油产品计量技术规范Technical Norm of the Measurement of Liquid Petroleum Products in Tanks计量器具定型通用规范The General Norm for Pattern Evaluation of Measuring Instruments计量器具定型鉴定规范的编写导则Rules for Drafting Norms of Pattern Evraluation of Measuring Instruments产品质量检验机构计量认证技术考核规范The Technical Examination Norm for Metrology Accreditation of Testing Unit for Testing of Product Quality 计量标准命名规范The Technical Norm of Designation for Metrological Standard计量器具的可靠性分析原则Technical Norm of Reliability Analysis Principle for Measuring Instruments测量误差及数据处理技术规范（试行）Technical Norm for Error of Measurements and Interpretation of Data计量标准考核规范Technical Norm of Check for Standard of Measurement工作计量器具命名与分类代码规范Norm of Designation for Working Measuring Instrument and its Classification Code燃油加油机税控装置技术规范The Technical Norm For Revenue Control Device of Fuel Dispenser测量不确定度评定与表示Evaluation and Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement税控燃油加油机定型鉴定大纲The Program for Pattern Evaluation of Fuel Dispensers with Revenue Function税控燃油加油机制造许可证考核规范The Examination Specification of Manufacturing Competence for Fuel Dispensers with Revenue Function法定计量检定机构考核规范Specification for the Examination of the Services of Legal Metrological Verification定量包装商品净含量计量检验规则The Rules of Metrological Inspection for Net Content of Prepackeged Commidity with Fixed Content国家校准规范编写导则The Rules for Drafting National Calibration Specifications膜式煤气表定型鉴定大纲The Program for Pattern Evaluation of Diaphragm GasMeters印制板用处理“E”玻璃纤维纸Specification for“E” glass paper for printed boards印制板用处理“E”玻璃纤维布Specification for finished fabric woven from “E” glass for printed boardsLED显示屏通用规范Generic specification for LED panelsLED显示屏测试方法Test methods for LED panels移动通信网室内分布系统标准Standard of indoor distributing system of mobile communication network宽带无线IP技术规范Broadband wireless IP Technology specification移动IP技术规范Mobile IP Technology specification应用于无线IP技术的网络安全规范Network security specification for wireless IP Technology无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范Wireless Lan Medium Access Control(MAC) and physical layer(PHY) specifications无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范2.4GHz频段较高速物理层扩展规范Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and physical layer(PHY) specifications: Higher- Speed Physical Layer Extension in the 2.4GHz Band无线局域网媒体访问控制和物理层规范5GHz频段高速物理层扩展规范Wireless LAN Medium Access Control(MAC) and physical layer(PHY) specifications: High Speed Physical Layer in the 5GHz Band高速率无线IP移动通信系统标准The High-Date-Rate wireless Mobil IP communication system standard中小企业信息化技术规范Technical Specification for Informationalization of Middle and Small Enterprises中小企业信息化建设规范实施指南Guide for the Implementation of Informationalization Construction Specification of Middle and Small Enterprises阴极射线管玻壳检验规范Inspection standards for glass bulbs for cathode-ray tubes显像管玻壳型号命名方法The type designation for picture tube bulbs阴极射线管有效屏面缺陷规范Defect criteria in useful screen area for cathode ray tubes电子元器件详细规范MYS4、MYS5、MYS6、MYS8防雷指示型过电压保护器评定水平EDetail specifications of electronic and element device for lighting surge protective device with fault-indication of type MYS4、MYS5、MYS6、MYS8Assessment level E空调器用步进电动机详细规范Stepping motor for air conditioning detail specification空调器用无刷直流风机详细规范Brushless D.C blower for air conditioning detail specification数字式角度测量仪规范Digital clinometer综合智能交通电子信息系统技术体系规范Specification of technical system of integrated intelligent traffic electronic information system。
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Begriffe aus der Nachrichtensprache - A
abbauen* – verringern (In der Finanzkrise müssen viele Unternehmen zahlreiche Arbeitsplätze abbauen.)
Abgeordnete, der/die – ein gewähltes Mitglied in einem Parlament (120 Abgeordnete stimmten mit Nein.)
Abkommen, das – ein Vertrag (meist) zwischen Staaten (Das Schengener Abkommen wurde 1985 von Deutschland unterzeichnet.)
Abrüstung, die – die Reduzierung der Waffen in einem Staat (Europäische Länder wollen die internationale Abrüstung verstärken.)
Absatz, der* – die Menge der Waren, die eine Firma verkauft (2008 hatten viele Firmen einen höheren Absatz als 2009.)
jemanden abschieben – jemanden, der Asyl sucht, in seine Heimat zurückschicken (Jährlich werden Menschen aus Deutschland in ihre Heimatländer abgeschoben.)
etwas absetzen – etwas verkaufen (Viele Firmen haben Probleme, alle ihre Waren abzusetzen.)
Abstimmung, die – hier: die Wahl ( Die Abstimmung der Abgeordneten sorgte für viele Diskussionen.)
sich abzeichnen, etwas zeichnet sich ab – etwas wird allmählich deutlich, erkennbar (Nach dem Gespräch zeichneten sich erste Fortschritte ab.)
jemanden/ etwas abziehen* – jemanden/etwas entfernen (In den nächsten Jahren möchte die USA ihre Truppen aus dem Irak abziehen.)
Agrarstaat, der – ein Staat, dessen Wirtschaft vor allem von der Landwirtschaft abhängt; Industriestaat (Die meisten Staaten Afrikas sind Agrarstaaten)
Akte, die – eine Sammlung von Dokumenten zu einem Thema oder Ereignis (Ein Blick in die Akten der Firma zeigte, wieviel Gewinn sie im letzten Jahr erzielte.)
Aktie, die – ein Wertpapier, das man kaufen kann, um einen Anteil an einer Gesellschaft zu bekommen (Durch die Finanzkrise ist der Wert vieler Aktien stark gefallen.)
Aktiengesellschaft, die – eine bestimmte Form eines Unternehmens; wenn viele verschiedene Personen kleine Teile einer Firma besitzen (Die Aktiengesellschaft berät sich über die Zukunft der Firma.)
Aktivist/in, der/die – eine Person, die viel dafür tut, ein bestimmtes (politisches) Ziel zu erreichen (Letzte Woche demonstrierten viele Aktivisten gegen das neue Gesetz.)
Amoklauf, der – das Herumlaufen und Schießen mit einer Waffe, um möglichst viele Menschen zu töten (Bei dem Amoklauf in Süddeutschland gab es zwölf Opfer.)
Amt, das* – eine offizielle Aufgabe, die jemand in einer Partei oder einer Institution hat (Die nächsten Wahlen entscheiden darüber, wer das Amt des Wirtschaftsministers übernehmen wird.)
amtierend – jetzt im Amt, zurzeit im Amt (Der amtierende Bundespräsident Wulff ist der zehnte Bundespräsident in der Geschichte der BRD.)
Amtsrichter, der – jemand, der im Gericht die Entscheidungen trifft (Der Amtsrichter befand den Angeklagten für schuldig.)
nach Angaben von/(Gen.)* – wie berichtet wird; den Informationen zufolge (Nach Angaben der Bundesregierung besteht keine Gefahr.)
angeschlagen* – in keinem guten Zustand (Das Unternehmen ist angeschlagen.)
anhalten, etwas hält an* – etwas besteht weiter; etwas dauert an (Die Gewalt im Nahen Osten hält an.)
Anklage gegen jemanden erheben – jemanden vor Gericht bestimmter Verbrechen beschuldigen (Der Staatsanwalt erhebt wegen versuchten Mordes Anklage gegen den 34-Jährigen.)
Anschlag, der* – ein Versuch, jemanden zu töten oder etwas zu zerstören (Der Terroranschlag vom 11. September 2001 hat die Welt verändert.)
antiautoritär – kritisch gegenüber bestehenden Machtverhältnissen; so, dass man gegen Zwänge und Verbote ist (Besonders in den 70er Jahren gab es in Deutschland eine starke antiautoritäre Bewegung.)
antifaschistische Schutzwall, der – die Bezeichnung der DDR-Regierung für die Berliner Mauer, die angeblich die eigenen Bürger vor den Diktaturen außerhalb schützen sollte ( Manche DDR-Bürger versuchten, über den antifaschistischen Schutzwall zu fliehen.)
Antisemitismus, der – feindliches Denken und Handeln gegenüber Juden (Immer noch ist Antisemitismus in vielen Teilen der Welt stark verbreitet.)
Arbeitgeber, der – eine Person oder Firma (aber auch der Staat oder die Länder), die Arbeiter oder Angestellte beschäftigt (Die Arbeitgeber fordern eine Verlängerung der Arbeitszeiten.)
Arbeitnehmer, der – jemand, der bei einem Arbeitgeber beschäftigt bzw. angestellt ist (Die Arbeitnehmer fordern eine Lohnerhöhung.)
Arbeitsamt, das (offiziell: die Agentur für Arbeit) – die Behörde, die zum Beispiel bei der Arbeitssuche hilft oder in bestimmten Fällen Geld zahlt, wenn jemand arbeitslos ist (Täglich melden sich zahlreiche Menschen beim Arbeitsamt arbeitslos.)