2018年积极心理学-模拟考试4答案
智慧树心理学基础章节测试答案
2018智慧树（知到）心理学基础满分答案对应章节第一章1.【单选题】科学心理学诞生于（）。
A.1864年B.1879年C.1903年D.1920年正确答案：1879年2.【单选题】科学心理学的创始人是（）。
A.冯特B.韦伯C.费希纳D.艾宾浩斯正确答案：冯特3.【单选题】在心理学研究中，用可以测量的行为来推测看不到的（），是心理学研究的一条基本法则。
A.思维B.脑电C.心理D.情绪正确答案：心理4.【多选题】心理学研究的对象包括（）A.需要、动机、意志B.能力和人格C.感知觉、记忆、思维和想象D.情绪和情感正确答案是:心理学研究的对象包###能力和人格###感知觉、记忆、思维和想象###情绪和情感5.【多选题】被称为心理学史上第一次革命的心理学流派是（）A.1913年产生的B.美国心理学家华生创立的C.行为主义D.积极心理学正确答案是:1913年产生的###美国心理学家华生创立的###行为主义对应章节第二章6.【单选题】（）是由目标或对象引导、激发和维持的个体活动的一种内在心理过程或内部动力系统。
A.需要B.动机C.意志D.情绪正确答案：动机7.【单选题】（）力求完成与自己能力相称的工作，最充分地发挥自己的潜在能力，成为所期望的人物，实现自己理想。
A.安全的需要B.爱与归属的需要C.生理需要D.自我实现的需要正确答案：自我实现的需要8.【单选题】动机和行为的关系表现在（）A.同一行为可以由不同动机引起B.同一行为必须由同一动机引起C.同一行为必须由不同动机引起D.不同行为必须由不同动机引起正确答案：同一行为可以由不同动机引起9.【多选题】根据期望理论，要使目标对人的激励作用大，所激发的动机强度高，就必须满足（）。
A.效价高B.效价低C.期望值高D.期望值低正确答案：效价高###期望值高10.【多选题】人的社会心理需要包括（）。
A.安全需要B.成就需要C.成功恐惧D.交往需要正确答案：成就需要###成功恐惧###交往需要对应章节第三章1.【单选题】睡觉前喝了咖啡、茶或者可乐之类的饮料，常常导致兴奋，出现失眠现象。
2018心理咨询师基础心理学考试试题及答案5
2018心理咨询师基础心理学考试试题及答案5一、单项选择题1.父母的哪种教养态度有利与培养儿童的独立合作温顺和社交等良好性格?( )A.民主B.保护C.支配D.拒绝2.能力是一种( )A.认识过程B.情感过程C.意识过程D.个性心理特征3.人们成功的完成某种活动所必需具备的个性心理特征是( )A.能力B.性格C.气质D.需要4.一般能力的综合体是( )A.社交能力B.智力C.操作能力D.创造能力5.智力的核心成分是( )A.观察能力B.记忆能力C.创造能力D.抽象概括能力6*.智力的高级表现是( )A.观察能力B.记忆能力C.创造能力D.抽象概括能力7*.提出流体智力和晶体智力理论的心理学家是( )A.卡特尔B.吉尔福斯C.斯腾伯格D.达斯和纳格利里8.提出多元智力理论的心理学家是( )A.卡特尔B.吉尔福斯C.斯腾伯格D.达斯和纳格利里9.智力分布呈常态分布就是指( )A.人与人之间在能力上没有明显的个别差异B.智力中等的人占多数C.智力超常的人占多数D.智力低常的人占多数10.一般把天才儿童智商的最低临界线定为( )A.130B.150C.160D. 17011.素质是能力发展的( )A.自然前提B.核心成分C.无关因素D.决定因素12.在测验时，如果一个10岁的儿童通过10岁组的全部项目，还通过11岁组的两个项目和12岁组的一个项目，他的智龄是( )A.10岁6个月B.10岁8个月C.10岁10个月D.11岁13.比率智商的公式是( )A.IQ=CA/MA×100B.IQ=CA/MA×100%C.IQ=MA/CA×100%D.IQ=MA/CA×10014.由认知、情感、意向三个因素构成的、比较持久的个人的内在心理倾向是。
( )A.从众B.服从C.定势D.态度15.平时讲的“随大流”、“人云亦云”是指( )A.从众B.服从C.顺从D.态度16. "一俊遮百丑"、"一坏百坏"描述了社会认知信息整合过程中的( )A.首因效应B.近因效应C.晕轮效应D.刻板印象17.“北方人比较毫爽、耿直，南方人比较精明、感情细腻”这种区分是( )A.首因效应B.近因效应C.晕轮效应D.刻板印象18.由若干个具有共同目标、共同利益，并在一起活动的人所组成的集合体称( )A.小组B.群众C.群体D.集体【参考答案】1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. A 13.D 14. D 15. A 16. C 17. D 18. C二、简答题1.试分析说明气质在实践活动的作用2.分析说明影响性格形成发展的因素。
大学生心理健康知识模拟考试题(附答案)
大学生心理健康知识模拟考试题（附答案）一、单选题（共75题，每题1分，共75分）1.心理咨询的最终目的在于()A、帮助来访者解决情绪问题B、促进来访者的成长和发展C、带领来访者克服困难D、引导来访者认识到自己的问题正确答案：B2.（）是指与他人比较，发现自己在才能、名誉、地位或处境等方面不如别人而产生的一种由羞愧、愤怒、怨恨等组成的复杂情绪状态。
()A、恐惧B、嫉妒C、羞耻D、焦虑正确答案：B3.美国心理学家斯滕伯格（RobertJ.Sternberg）的爱情三角理论认为所有的爱情不包括哪种成分？()A、承诺B、亲密C、理想D、激情正确答案：C4.有些学生学习成绩不太好，但社会活动能力很强，同样得到一种心理上的平衡和满足感。
这是()心理防御机制的表现。
A、移位B、升华C、反向D、补偿正确答案：D5.大学生受到挫折后，应采取积极进取的态度，作出（）的积极反应方式。
()A、焦虑性B、爆发性C、理智性D、情绪化正确答案：C6.从生涯发展阶段论的角度，大学生阶段属于()A、生涯探索期B、生涯成长期C、生涯混沌期D、生涯建立期正确答案：A7.1968年，美国学者()针对青少年无视生命价值的现象，首次提出了生命教育的思想。
A、罗素B、富兰克林C、杰·唐纳·华特士D、杜威正确答案：C8.下列关于心理咨询的说法哪一项是正确的()A、父母可以委托自己的咨询师朋友对孩子做心理咨询B、自己的辅导员可以对自己进行心理咨询C、一般心理咨询师不能与来访者建立双重关系D、在咨询之外，咨询师和来访者可以是朋友正确答案：C9.拉扎勒斯交互作用模型中不包含以下()要素。
A、认知评价B、情绪反应C、压力反应D、压力源正确答案：B10.（）是在情绪的基础上产生的，进而发展成为情绪的深层核心。
()A、意识B、行为C、情感D、认知正确答案：C11.情绪是人际交往中个体的一种（），是个体社会需要是否获得满足的A、主观体验B、社会态度C、社会知觉D、社会动机正确答案：A12.()是指由一对父母和一对已婚子女（或者再加其他亲属）组成的家庭。
专业四级模拟题2018年(4)_真题-无答案
专业四级模拟题2018年(4)(总分107,考试时间90分钟)PART Ⅰ DICTATION1. Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.【点此下载音频文件】PART Ⅱ LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONS【点此下载音频文件】1. What is the woman"s attitude toward the man"s joining the school football team?A. The man should give up.B. The man should join by all means.C. The man should make sure he is healthy enough before joining.D. It can"t be determined from the conversation.2. The woman suggested that the man do all of the following EXCEPTA. having a physical checkup.B. eating healthily.C. strengthening his heart.D. watching TV until midnight.3. The man and the woman are most probablyA. husband and wife.B. colleagues.C. patient and doctor.D. former schoolmates.【点此下载音频文件】4. The man told Isabella strong handshakes show respect in ______.A. JapanB. the United StatesC. ChinaD. Germany5. Why didn"t the Japanese woman look at the man in the meeting?A. Because she disliked the man.B. Because they **petitors.C. Because she was a shy woman.D. Because she was polite to the man.6. What can be learned about the meeting from the conversation?A. The meeting was held in Japan.B. The meeting was successful on the whole.C. The meeting lasted for a week.D. The meeting didn"t go smoothly.【点此下载音频文件】7. In the man"s opinion, the paper ______.A. will beat **petitor.B. will change its layout.C. is done.D. has a capable editor.8. What was the woman"s occupation before she works in the style section?A. A writer.B. A journalist.C. A criminal.D. A robber.9. What"s the woman"s plan?A. Job-hunting.B. Job-hopping.C. Retirement.D. Right against the Daily News.【点此下载音频文件】10. Mr. Burton asks the manager to tell the man in apartment 4B to ______.A. mm off the music after 10:00 pmB. turn down the volume of his stereoC. listen to light music rather than rock and tollD. use headphones when listening to music11. Why is the manager hesitant about carrying out this request?A. The man in apartment 4 is the son of the man who lives them.B. She is afraid that the man is very pig minded.C. She is afraid of what the owner"s son might say or do.D. She says the matter is the owner"s responsibility.12. What is Mr. Burton"s **plaint?A. There is an awful **ing from the farm next door.B. The property owners next door are illegally disposing of waste.C. The stunk waste disposed by his neighbors disturbs him.D. The neighbors are burning leaves which are drifting his way.SECTION B PASSAGES【点此下载音频文件】1. According to the passage, Tyler was ______.A. upsetB. full of courageC. pessimisticD. scared2. Why did Tyler"s mother want to dress him in red?A. Tyler likes red clothes.B. His mother was color blind.C. Red clothes are helpful to cure his disease.D. She could spot Tyler quickly when he was playing.3. Which of the following is CORRECT?A. Tyler was dependent on medications when he was five.B. Tyler always needed supplemented oxygen.C. Tyler usually played in the backyard.D. Other people often teased him.【点此下载音频文件】4. Why are divorces so common at present?A. Because it is difficult to maintain a marriage.B. Because people like watching TV programs.C. Because people prefer freedom to self-discipline.D. Because our society is permissive towards divorces.5. Which of the following cannot be sacrificed in a marriage?A. The freedom to have other sexual relations.B. The desire to follow every of one"s impulse.C. The will to keep his or her own income.D. The wish to be his or her true self.6. How to maintain a good marriage?A. A man and a woman should follow every of their own impulse respectively.B. A good marriage takes some level of compromise between the husband and the wife.C. A man and a woman should both have to endure dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul.D. A man and a woman should stop growing or changing.【点此下载音频文件】7. What is the passage mainly about?A. **puterized music can express.B. How the musical grammar is discovered.C. Why musicians make us moved **puter don"t.D. What musicians want to tell us in their performance.8. Which of the following is true about the participants in the study?A. They are professional pianists.B. They have **mand of computers.C. They are about 20 years old.D. They have a limited knowledge about music.9. What can we know from the passage?A. Our brains are innately able to appreciate emotional music.B. Listeners need some musical training before listening to music.C. Piano is the best musical instrument to express human emotion.D. Less and less people can catch the true meaning of piano sonatas.【点此下载音频文件】10. What can we know about people of blood type B?A. They are patient and finish what they start.B. They are moody and become annoyed easily.C. They are stubborn and impulsive.D. They are conservative and stick to convention.11. Which of the following types of people feature loyalty to their friends?A. People of blood type Ａ.B. People of blood type Ｂ.C. People of blood type Ｏ.D. People of blood type ＡＢ.12. When did blood type first appear in standard job application forms?A. In 1911.B. In 1913.C. In 1930.D. In 1931.SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST【点此下载音频文件】1. How long would the walkout suppose to be?A. The whole winter.B. During Christmas holidays.C. After Christmas.D. For some time.2. According to the news, the strike would happen again unlessA. the conflict could be settled.B. the Labor Union could change their plan.C. the judges could stop it.D. the airline could take some measures.【点此下载音频文件】3. President Prosper Avril has been arrested on charge of ______.A. economic plunderB. murderC. briberyD. plotting against the state4. When did Mr. **e into power?A. In2001.B. In 2000.C. In 1998.D. In 1997.5. In the past week, how many politicians were arrested?A. 1.B. 2.C. 3.D. 4.【点此下载音频文件】6. Obama plans to award ＄8 billion to ______ in Florida.A. construct high-speed rail linesB. construct apartment buildingsC. develop tourismD. control inflation7. Which one of the following statements about the reaction to the president"s address is CORRECT according to the news item?A. Members of the Democratic Party don"t think its vision upbeat.B. Members of the Republic Party don"t welcome it.C. Few people support it.D. Almost all the public praise it.【点此下载音频文件】8. Who has NOT been suspended by Fifa?A. Debbie Minguell.B. Sepp Blatter.C. Mohamed Bin Hamman.D. Jack Warner.9. If Bin Hamman and Warner were found guilty, they ______.A. would be suspendedB. would be expelled from the **mitteeC. would be banned from all football activityD. would receive a full investigation【点此下载音频文件】10. Why did Mr. Aziz say the nomination is like putting old wine in new bottles?A. There is nothing new in the nomination procedure.B. The nominee had held the same post for 6 years.C. The United Nations could find nobody new for the post.D. The nomination procedure is too boring.11. If no objection is forwarded by midday Tuesday, _______.A. the nomination will be passedB. the nominee will be droppedC. the nomination will be invalidD. new candidates will be chosenPART Ⅲ CLOZEUnlike most sports, which evolved over time from street games, basketball was designed by one man to suit a 1 purpose. The man was Dr. James Naismith, and his purpose was 2 a vigorous game that could be played 3 in the winter.In 1891. Naismith was an instructor at a training school, which trained 4 education instructors for the YMCAs. That year the school was trying 5 up with a physical activity that the men could enjoy 6 the football and baseball seasons. None of the standard indoor activities 7 their interest for long. Naismith was asked to solve the problem for the school. He first tried to 8 some of the popular outdoor sports, but they were all too 9 . The men were getting bruised from tackling each other and 10 hit with equipment. So, Naismith decided to invent a game that would incorporate the **mon elements of outdoor team sports without having the real physical contact. Most popular sports used a ball, so he chose a soccer ball because it was soft and large enough that it 11 no equipment, such as a hat or a racket to hit it. Next he decided 12 an elevated goal, so that scoring would depend on skill and accuracy rather than on 13 only. His goals were two peach baskets, 14 to ten-foot high balconies at each end of the gym. The basic 15 of the game was to throw the ball into the basket. Naismith wrote rules for the game, 16 of which, though with some small changes, are still 17 effect. Basketball was an immediate success. The students 18 it to their friends and the new sport quickly 19 on. Today, basketball is one of the most popular games 20 the world.1.A. particularB. especialC. specialD. specialty2.A. inventingB. inventedC. to inventD. being invented3.A. indoorB. indoorsC. outdoorsD. outdoor4.A. physicsB. literaryC. scientificD. physical5.A. to **eB. comingC. comeD. to come6.A. betweenB. duringC. whenD. for7.A. rousedB. heldC. hadD. were8.A. imitateB. adoptC. adaptD. renovate9.A. roughB. difficultC. easyD. entertaining10.A. beingB. to beC. beenD. were11.A. requestedB. usedC. requiredD. took12.A. onB. toC. ofD. with13.A. powerB. strengthC. forceD. might14.A. fixedB. fixingC. that fixD. which fixed15.A. methodB. wayC. ruleD. idea16.A. fewB. muchC. manyD. little17.A. withB. inC. onD. for18.A. definedB. spreadC. taughtD. discussed19.A. wentB. putC. tookD. caught20.A. ofB. throughoutC. amongD. throughPART Ⅳ GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY1. You should know better than ______ the risk of gambling.A. to runB. runningC. to have runD. ran2. Though her parents ______ her musical ability, Jerrilou"s piano playing is really terrible.A. pour scorn onB. heap praise uponC. give vent toD. cast fight upon3. His excellent marks have entitled him______several scholarships at the same time at school.A. inB. toC. atD. on4. She remembered several occasions in the past ______ she had experienced a similar feeling.A. whichB. beforeC. thatD. when5. Nancy was surprised that they have ______ . They seemed to be a happy couple.A. split upB. broken downC. fallen throughD. knocked out6. I"m afraid your testimony is not __________ with that of the first witness.A. comparableB. compatibleC. comparativeD. competitive7. The prince is ______ to the throne.A. benefactorB. hellC. heirD. heiress8. Those superior states of mind do **e from ______ an alien culture.A. imitatingB. mimickingC. apingD. parodying9. The treasury issued an order stating that ______ land purchased from the government had to be paid for in gold and silver.A. henceforthB. moreoverC. wherebyD. however10. There has been a great drop in unemployment rate this year, ______?A. does thereB. isn"t thereC. hasn"t thereD. isn"t it11. America will never again have as a nation the spirit of adventure as it ______before the west was settled.A. couldB. wouldC. wasD. did12. All her energies are ______ upon her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.A. guidedB. aimedC. directedD. focused13. __________ at in this way, the present economic situation doesn"t seem so gloomy.A. LookingB. LookedC. Having lookedD. To look14. The nectarine is a fruit ______ like a peach.A. asB. andC. somehowD. somewhat15. Which of the following is correct?A. Had you worked harder, you would have met the deadline.B. Have you worked harder, you would have met the deadline.C. If you worked harder, you would have met the deadline.D. If you have worked harder, you would have met the deadline.16. The elderly Russians find it hard to live on their state ______.A. pensionsB. earningsC. salariesD. donations17. In ancient times people who were thought to have the ability to ________ dreams were likely to be highly respected.A. impartB. inheritC. interpretD. intervene18. He disliked the situation but had to live ______ it.A. up toB. withC. forD. in19. ______ the necessity of more case for the child, he would have grown up the somebody.A. If his parents realizedB. As his parents had realizedC. Had his parents realizedD. His parents had realized20. In such a changing **plex society, formerly simple solutions to informational needs become______.A. confusingB. acceptableC. complicatedD. feasible21. Millions of people were ______ partially or wholly destitute during the war.A. renderedB. repelledC. rejoicedD. reinforced22. Seeing that my brother was lost for an answer, I ______ to save the situation.A. joined inB. stepped inC. took inD. entered into23. The largest system serving e-mail messengers is the Internet, a ______ of millions of computers linked worldwide.A. unityB. combinationC. networkD. connection24. There are many kinds of metals, _________ its special properties.A. each havingB. every havingC. each hasD. one has25. The men on board the ship pulled in the driver ______ they feared Was seriously injured.A. whomB. for whomC. to whomD. who26. He ______ to newsmen that an immediate agreement was nowhere in sight.A. recededB. concededC. accededD. preceded27. A teacher ______ knowledge.A. teachesB. lecturesC. educatesD. imparts28. The criminal always paid ______ cash so the police could not track him down.A. onB. byC. forD. in29. Only a few people have ______ to the full facts of the case.A. approachB. admissionC. accessD. acquaintance30. Jason is usually under the weather, but his robust brother ______.A. is rarelyB. is scarcelyC. hardly isD. rarely isPART Ⅴ READING COMPREHENSIONTEXT AThe evolution of sex ratio has produced, in most plants and animals with separate sexes, approximately equal numbers of males and females. Why should this be so? Two main kinds of answers have been offered. One is couched in terms of advantage to population. It is argued that the sex ratio will evolve so as to maximize the number of meetings between individuals of the opposite sex. This is essentially a "group selection" argument. The other, and in my view correct, type of answer was first put forward by Fisher in 1930. This "genetic" argument starts from the assumption that genes can influence the relative numbers of male and female offspring produced by an individual carrying the genes. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. Suppose that the population consisted mostly of females, and then an individual who produced sons only would have more grandchildren. In contrast, if the population consisted mostly of males, it would pay to have daughters. If, however, the population consisted of equal numbers of males and females, sons and daughters would be equally valuable. Thus a one-to-one sex ratio is the only stable ratio; it is an "evolutionarily stable strategy". Although Fisher wrote before the mathematical theory of games had been developed, his theory incorporated the essential feature of a game that the best strategy to adopt depends on what others are doing.Since Fisher"s time, it has been realized that genes can sometimes influence the chromosome or gamete in which they find themselves so that the gamete will be more likely to participate in fertilization. If such a gene occurs on a sex-determining (X or Y) chromosome, then highly aberrant sex ratios can occur. But more immediately relevant to game theory are the sex ratios in certain parasitic wasp species that have a large excess of females. In these species, fertilized eggs develop into females and unfertilized eggs into males. A female stores sperm and can determine the sex of each egg she lays by fertilizing it or leaving it unfertilized. By Fisher"s argument, it should still pay a female to produce equal numbers of sons and daughters. Hamilton, noting that the eggs develop within their host—the larva of another insect—and that the newly emerged adult wasps mate immediately and disperse, offered a remarkably cogent analysis. Since only one female usually eggs in a given larva, it would pay her to produce one male only, because this one could fertilize all his sisters on emergence. Like Fisher, Hamilton looked for an evolutionarilystable strategy, but he went a step further in recognizing that he was looking strategy.1. What can we know about the scientists Fisher and Hamilton from the passage?A. They both made contribution to the mathematical theory of games.B. They both sought an explanation of why certain sex ratios exist and remain stableC. The former stressed the maximization and the latter emphasized the optimization.D. They both inherited the insight Of the "group selection" argument.2. Compared with the work of Hamilton, what dose the author consider Fisher"s work to be?A. It is inaccurate but popular, compared with Hamilton"s work.B. It is accurate, but **pared with Hamilton"s work.C. It is admirable, but not as up-to-date as Hamilton"s work.D. It is valuable, but at a relatively low level.3. According to the passage, successful game strategy depends on ______.A. the ability to adjust one"s behavior in light of the behaviors of othersB. the ability to obey the rules with high flexibilityC. teamwork and cooperation with othersD. the ability to keep a dynamic stability4. It can be inferred from the passage that the mathematical theory of games ______.A. has been developed by scientists with an interest in geneticsB. is useful in explaining some biological phenomenonC. got some inspiration from the work of FisherD. emphasize the optimization of the total sumTEXT BI am afraid to sleep. I have been afraid to sleep for the last few weeks. I am so tired that, finally, I do sleep, but only for a few minutes. It is not a bad dream that wakes me; it is the reality I took with me into sleep. I try to think of something else.Immediately the woman in the **es into my mind. I was on my way to dinner last night when I saw her.She was selling skirts. She moved with the same ease and loveliness I often saw in the women of Laos. Her long black hair was as shiny as the black silk of the skirts she was selling. In her hair, she wore three silk ribbons, blue, green, and white. They reminded me of my childhood and how my girlfriends and I used to spend hours braiding ribbons into our hair.I don"t know the word for "ribbons", so I put my hand to my own hair and , with three fingers against my head , I looked at her ribbons and said "Beautiful. " She lowered her eyes and said nothing. I wasn"t sure if she understood me (I don"t speak Laotian very well).I looked back down at the skirts. They had designs on them. squares and triangles and circles of pink and green silk. They were very pretty. I decided to buy one of those skirts, and I began to bargain with her over the price. It is the custom to bargain in Asia. In Laos bargaining is done in soft voices and easy moves with the sort of quiet peacefulness.She smiled, more with her eyes than with her lips. She was pleased by the few words I was able to say in her language, although they were mostly numbers, and she saw that I understood something about the soft playfulness of bargaining. We shook our heads in disagreement over the price; then,immediately, we made another offer and then another shake of the head. She was so pleased that unexpectedly, she accepted the last offer I made. But it was too soon. The price was too low. She was being too generous and wouldn"t make enough money. I moved quickly and picked up two more skirts and paid for all three at the price set; that way I was able to pay her three times as much before she had a chance to lower the price for the larger purchase. She smiled openly then, and, for the first time in months, my spirit lifted. I almost felt happy.The feeling stayed with me while she wrapped the skirts in a newspaper and handed them to me. When I left, though, the feeling left, too. It was as though it stayed behind in marketplace. I left tears in my throat. I wanted to cry. I didn"t, of course.I have learned to defend myself against what is hard; without knowing it, I have also learned to defend myself against what is soft and what should be easy.I get up, light a candle and want to look at the skirts. They are still in the newspaper that the woman wrapped them in. I remove the paper, and raise the skirts up to look at them again before Ipack them. Something falls to floor. I reach down and feel something cool in my hand. I move close to the candlelight to see what I have. There are five long silk ribbons in my hand, all different colors. The woman in the marketplace! She has given these ribbons to me!There is no defense against a generous spirit, and this time I cry, and very hard, as if I could make up for all the months that I didn"t cry.1. According to the writer, the woman in the marketplace ________.A. refused to speak to herB. was pleasant and attractiveC. was selling skirts and ribbonsD. recognized her immediately2. Which of the following in NOT correct?A. The writer was not used to bargaining.B. People in Asia always bargain when buying things.C. Bargaining in Laos was quiet and peaceful.D. The writer was ready to bargain with the woman.3. Why did the writer finally decide to buy three skirts?A. The skirts were cheap and pretty.B. She liked the patterns on the skirts.C. She wanted to do something as compensation.D. She was fed up with further bargaining with the woman.4. When did the writer left the marketplace, she wanted to cry, but did not because ________.A. she had learned to stay cool and unfeelingB. she was afraid of crying in publicC. she had learned to face difficulties bravelyD. she had to show in public that she was strong5. Why did the writer cry eventually when she looked at the skirts again?A. she suddenly felt very sad.B. she liked the ribbons so much.C. she was **e by emotion.D. she felt sorry for the woman.TEXT CMore and more of the world"s supply of seafood is coming from farms.Although 80% of the world"s **es from marine harvests, there is a major shift under way toward aquaculture now.Nearly 40% of salmon marketed today are raised in captivity, compared with 6% a decade ago. Forty percent of all clams, oysters, and mussels are produced in farm environments, along with 65% of freshwater fish. Between 1990 and 1996, fish-farming production rose from 12.4 million to 23 million tons worldwide, writes Anne Platt McGinn in an article for World Watch magazine. "The fact that world seafood supplies continue to increase at all is due almost entirely to the phenomenal growth in aquaculture," says McGinn, a research associate at the World Watch Institute. Commercial aquaculture is driven by rising human population at a time when over harvested wild fish stocks are in decline and conventional farm production has leveled off. Biotechnology is contributing to high-yield aquaculture through transgenics--the transfer of genes from one species to another. Researchers introduce desirable genetic traits into fish, creating hardier stocks. For example, some species of fish have a protein that allows them to live in Arctic waters. By transplanting this "anti-freeze" gene into other species, researchers have created more fish that can survive in extremely cold water, according to Ag-West Biotech, Inc., in Saskatchewan, Canada_Biotechnologists are attempting to improve a wide range of genetic traits in fish used for aquaculture, developing fish that are larger and faster-growing, more efficient in converting feed into muscle, more tolerant of low oxygen levels in water, and better able to resist disease. Researchers also are seeking plant-based sources of food as a more efficient alternative to fishmeal. The use of plant protein on fish farms could take some of the pressure off wild fish stocks and address the problem of phosphorous pollution because plants do not contain high phosphorus levels. Wheat, canola, and canola oil are being used as alternative feed for aquaculture, according to Ag-West Biotech, Inc.While aquaculture produces a reliable source of protein, the industry is rife with environmental problems, asserts McGinn. Perhaps the biggest concern is water pollution: Fish waste and uneaten food accumulates at farm sites and can float directly downstream into water supplies. Farm-related nutrient wastes as well as nitrogen and phosphorus also promote the spread of algal "blooms" that deplete oxygen and kill marine life.Aquaculture is also an inefficient user of resources, McGinn charges. Fish farms need protein feed, and about 17% of ocean fish, an over harvested wild resource, becomes food for captive-bred fish. "An estimated five kilograms of oceanic fish reduced into fishmeal are required to raise one kilogram of farmed ocean fish or shrimp, representing a large net protein loss," says McGinn. Fish farming does not have to be an inefficient or polluting industry. McGinn predicts that many consumers will choose sustainably produced fish in the future, just as they prefer dolphin-free tuna today.1. All the following statements are the reasons **mercial aquaculture is pushed forward EXCEPTA. the human population is increasing fast.B. the wild fish stocks are decreasing due to over fishing.C. the cost of developing aquaculture is comparatively low.D. there is no improvement in conventional farm production.2. Biotechnology has already enabled more fish toA. change feed into muscle more efficiently.B. stand low oxygen levels in water.C. tolerate extremely cold water.D. grow larger and faster.3. Which of the following is the defect of fishmeal?A. It doesn"t contain much protein necessary for fish.B. It is not so easily developed as the plant alternatives.C. It creates serious phosphorous pollution.D. It is not as diverse as the plant alternatives.4. The author"s attitude towards aquaculture isA. optimistic.B. negative.C. indifferent.D. uncertain.5. According to McGinn, aquaculture will most probably become______in the future.A. the major resource of seafoodB. a pollution-free industryC. the major source of proteinD. an industry of sustainable developmentTEXT DA message to House Democrats: This is your moment of truth. You can do the right thing and pass the Senate health care bill. Or you can look for an easy way out, make excuses and fail the test of history.Tuesday"s Republican victory in the Massachusetts special election means that Democrats can"t send a modified health care bill back to the Senate. That"s a shame because the bill that would have emerged from House-Senate negotiations would have been better than the bill the Senate has already passed. But the Senate bill is much, much better than nothing. And all that has to happen to make it law is for the House to pass the same bill, and send it to President Obama"s desk. Right now, Nancy Pelosi, the speaker of the House, says that she doesn"t have the votes to pass the Senate bill. But there is no good alternative.Some are urging Democrats to scale back their proposals in the hope of gaining Republican support. But anyone who thinks that would work must have spent the past year living on another planet. The fact is that the Senate bill is a centrist document, which moderate Republicans should find entirely acceptable. In fact, it"s very similar to the plan Mitt Romney introduced in Massachusetts just a few years ago. Yet it has faced lock-step opposition from the G. O. P. , which is determined to prevent Democrats from achieving any successes. Why would this change now that Republicans think they"re on a roll?Alternatively, some call for breaking the health care plan into pieces so that the Senate can vote the popular pieces into law. But anyone who thinks that would work hasn"t paid attention to the actual policy issues. Think of health care reform as being like a three-legged stool. You would, rightly, ridicule anyone who proposed saving money by leaving off one or two of the legs. Well,。
2018年考研心理学试题及答案
2018年考研心理学试题及答案一、单项选择题1、除嗅觉外,感觉信息传入大脑皮层最后一个中转站就是( a >A 丘脑B 下丘脑C 海马D 桥脑2、初级视觉区、初级听觉区、躯体感觉区、言语运动区,在大脑皮层得部位依次就是(d >A 顶叶,额叶,颞叶,枕叶,B 顶叶,枕叶,颞叶,额叶C 枕叶,额叶,顶叶,颞叶D枕叶,颞叶,顶叶,额叶3、根据听觉位置理论,耳蜗对高频声波反应得敏感区域位于( d >A 顶部B 中部C 背部D 底部4、甜蜜得嗓音、温暖得色彩这种感觉现象就是( d>A 适应B 对比C 后像D 联觉5、故地重游往往令人触景生情,回忆起许多在其她情况下不太容易想起得,能解释此现象得就是( C>A 层次网络模型B 逆行性遗忘C 编码特异性原理D 激活扩散模型6、根据艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,为了取得最好得记忆效果,个体对初次识记得无意义材料进行复习得时间应在识记后( c >A 1小时内B 2-12小时C 13-24小时D 24小时后7、小明在游戏中把凳子当马骑,这种活动反应得想象功能就是( c >A 再造B 补充C 替代D 预见8、天空出现朝霞,就会下雨;天空出现晚霞,就会放晴。
人们由此得出“朝霞不出门,晚霞行千里”得结论。
这主要体现得思维特征就是( a>A 间接性B 抽象性C 概括性D 理解性9、可以独立表达比较完整语义得语言结构单位就是( d >A 音位B 语素C 词D 句子10、按照耶克斯-多德森定律,在描述唤醒水平与绩效水平之间得关系时,必须说明( a >A 任务难度B 任务参与C 被试年龄D 被试性别11、针对同一事件或现象,不同得人会产生不同得情绪体验。
如在极度缺水得情况下,对于半杯水,甲觉得“还有半杯水,很高兴”;乙觉得“只在半杯水了,真痛苦”。
这一现象反映得情绪特征就是(A>A。
主观性B。
感染性C。
情境性D。
两极性12、在情绪研究中,研究者长期以来争论得主要问题就是(C>A。
2018年度教师资格考试中学心理学模拟地的题目及问题详解5
2013年教师资格考试中学心理学模拟题及答案5教师资格认定考试教育心理学全真模拟题五(中学)一、单项选择题(本大题共15题。
每小题2分，共30分)1．学习的主体因素，指（）。
A．学生B．教师C．教学手段D．教学环境2．人格决定一个人的生活方式，甚至决定一个人的命运，这是人格的（）。
A．复杂性B．独特性C．功能性D．统合性3．根据经典条件反射作用理论，食物可以诱发狗的唾液分泌反应，则唾液是（）。
A．中性刺激B．无条件刺激C．条件反应D．无条件反应4．如果一个家长想用看电视作为强化物奖励儿童认真按时完成作业的行为，最合适的安排应该是（）。
A．让儿童看完电视以后立即督促他完成作业B．规定每周看电视的适当时间C．惩罚孩子过分喜欢看的行为D．只有按时完成家庭作业后才能看电视5．（）是使教材有效地发挥功效的最直接的环节。
A．练习册B．课程标准C．教学程序D．教学内容6．以下不属于学习者练习曲线的特点的是（）。
A．开始进步快B．中间有高原期C．后期进步慢D．一直是进步的7．以下方法不属于教师能促进学生做笔记和复习笔记的是（）。
A．讲演慢一点B．重复复杂的主题材料C．呈现做笔记的线索D．在黑板上将所有信息罗列出来8．由于看到鸟的飞翔而发明了飞机，这类创造活动的主要心理影响机制是（）。
A．原型启发B．负向迁移C．功能固着D．定势影响9．态度的认知成分是指个体对态度对象所具有的带有评价意义的（）。
A．知识经验B．观念和信念C．道德认识D．道德观10．恐怖症是对特定的无实在危害的事物与场景的（）。
A．严重惧怕B．原因不明地惧怕C．非理性惧怕D．持久性地惧怕11．（）是对事物之间的逻辑关系进行推理，是对材料领会的一种形式。
A．转换B．解释C．推断D．记忆12．人际吸引的特征表现为认知协调、情感和谐及（）。
A．态度一致B．行动一致C．观点趋同D．相互理解与扶持13．形成性评价通常发生在（）。
A．教学过程之前B．学生毕业时C．教学过程之后D．教学过程之中14．衡量一个教师是否成熟的主要标志是能否自觉地关注（）。
2018年中学教育心理学模拟试题与答案二
2018年中学教育心理学模拟试题与答案二单选题1、<>在《教育心理学》一书中，主张必须把教育心理学作为一门独立的分支学科来进行研究，反对把普通心理学的成果移入教育心理学；他强调教育与教学在儿童发展中的主导作用，并提出了|文化发展论|和|内化说|。
A．维果斯基B．桑代克C．赫尔巴特D．乌申斯基单选题2、关于陈述性知识，下列说法正确的是<>A．主要反映活动的具体过程和操作步骤B．说明做什么和怎么做C．可用来区别和辨别事物D．是一种实践性知识单选题3、一位诊断为伤寒的病人，在其病程的第12天，便常规检查回报：潜血<++>。
最可能的原因是<>。
A．上消化道出血B．应激性溃疡C．肠出血D．肠穿孔E．肠炎单选题4、根据班杜拉的社会认知理论，为了提高自我效能感，当个体取得学业成功时，应引导其将成功归因于A．努力C．运气D．方法单选题5、系统集成项目通过验收测试的主要标准为________。
A．所有测试项均未残留各等级的错误B．需求文档定义的功能全部实现，非功能指标达到设计要求C．立项文档、需求文档、设计文档与系统的实现和编码达到一致D．系统通过单元测试和集成测试单选题6、《巴塞尔新资本协议》通过降低<>要求，鼓励商业银行采用<>技术。
A．监管资本，高级风险量化B．经济资本，高级风险量化C．会计资本，风险定性分析D．注册资本，风险定性分析单选题7、下列有关情感教学理论观点错误的是<>A．教育的目标务必是培养变化开放的、灵活的和适应性强的人，学会怎样学习并且因而能不断学习的人B．构建了一种非指导性的教学模式C．强调教学过程是以解决学生的情感问题为目标D．学习以求理解才能有助于知识的持久和可迁移单选题8、健康教育的核心问题是改变个体和群体的A．知识B．态度D．价值观E．信念单选题9、注册咨询工程师<投资>应当是复合型人才，其知识结构应该具有多学科、多领域的特点，但不包括<>。
2018年通识课积极心理学2测试答案WORD版
一、单选题 (共30.00分)1.遗忘曲线表明，复习时主要应采取（）策略。
A.合理地分配复习时间B.多样化的复习方法C.及时复习D.试图回忆和反复阅读相结合满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--2.A的上个月收入为5000元，这个月变为5500元；B的的上个月收入为10000元，这个月变为8000元。
有人认为A的幸福感更高，他可能是从（）的角度进行解释的。
A.易得性启发式B.框架效应C.参照点效应D.再认启发式满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--3.《大学》是《礼记》的一篇，相传为（）所作，为儒家经典。
A.孔子B.曾参C.颜回D.仲由满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--4.（）是一本教育我们怎样做人行事的书，堪称良师益友，其倡导的“穷则独善其身，达则兼济天下”是一种积极的文化心理倾向，成为历代人们的处世哲学。
A.《大学》B.《中庸》C.《孟子》D.《论语》满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--5.提倡积极进取、奋发有为的人生，向内修身养性，形成仁、义、礼、智、信的良好道德品质是（）价值观。
A.儒家B.道家C.佛教D.理性主义满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--6.健康是指（）。
A.一个人在身体、精神和社会等方面都处于良好的状态。
B.没有病痛。
C.没有心理疾病。
D.身心舒适。
满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--7.根据巴甫洛夫的高级神经活动类型说，与强、平衡、灵活相对应的是下列那种气质类型（）。
A.多血质B.胆汁质C.抑郁质D.粘液质满分：1.00 分得分：0分你的答案：D正确答案：A教师评语：--8.性心理和性行为具有( )。
A.排他性B.互利性C.互惠性D.道德性满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--9.鲁迅说：不读（），不知中国文化，不知人生真谛，可见其在中国文化中的重要性。
全国2018年4月自学考试00177消费心理学试题答案
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试消费心理学试题课程代码：00177一、单项选择题：本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分。
在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。
1．心理活动过程除了人的认识过程、情感过程外，还有一个是（B）1-3A．思想过程B．意志过程C．行为过程D．思维过程2．消费者有三种消费角色，即商品或服务的购买者、使用者以及（A）1-6A．需求者B．供给者C．丢弃者D．享有者3．当消费者通过对商品进行分析、比较和选择后，一旦决定，就会付诸购买行动，这一阶段是消费者意志过程的哪一阶段？（B）2-57A．购买决定阶段B．购买决策阶段C．购买行动阶段D．购买实施阶段4．下面不属于意志过程的特征是（A）2-55A．果断性B．目的性C．选择性D．行动性5．个性心理特征中难以改变的是（D）3-63A．兴趣B．性格C．能力D．气质6．消费者常根据以往的购买和使用经验采取购买行动，其性格类型是（B）3-68A，理智型B．习惯型C．情感型D．挑剔型7．当感知过或经历过的事物重新出现在眼前时能够辨别出，并确定自己曾经历过的过程即（D）4-86A．识记B．保持C．回忆D．再认8．操作性条件反射理论的创始人是（B）4-81A．加涅B．斯金纳C．巴市洛夫D．布鲁纳9．消费行为的相关性取决于（A）5-119A．需要的相关性B．动机的相关性C．需要的周期性D．需要的多样性10．个体在一定的条件下感到某种欠缺而力求获得满足的一种不平衡状态是（C）5-106A．动机B．知觉C．需要D．态度11．“不稳定，易变化，本文化与异文化容易交融”的消费行为所导致的消费文化心理层次是（B）6-144 A．里层的B．表层的C．深层的D．中层的12．工人消费群体、农民消费群体、知识分子消费群体的划分标准是（C）6-145A．劳动环境B．工作性质C．职业D．教育性质13．文职人员作为一个消费群体其成分构成（B）7-182A．简单B．复杂C．清晰D．模糊14．人们日常消费的主体是（A）7-170A．家庭消费B．个体消费C．集团消费D．公款消费15．对经营者而言，满足感性消费的关键是对目标市场进行科学的（C）8-213A．行为细分B．收入细分C．心理细分D．地域文化细分16．一定的消费习俗和消费者个性特征相互融合形成的消费心理现象是（B）8-203A．消费流行B．消费习惯C．消费时尚D．消费行为17．消费者接受新产品的心理过程是（A）9-225A．注意—兴趣—评价—试用—接受B．兴趣—注意—评价—试用—接受C．试用—评价—注意—兴趣—接受D．评价—注意—兴趣—试用—接受18．体积笨重和易损坏商品应摆放的位置是（D）10-259A．后层B．下层C．通道上D．出口附近19．外部装饰灯主要起的作用是（B）10-253A．以远眺为主招揽顾客B．渲染烘托气氛C．突出显示商品D．明快醒目20．在营销人员并不主动接待的情况下，消费者仍然能够理智地选购商品，这种状态应视为（B）11-289A．情绪好和积极性高相结合的状态B．情绪好和积极性低相结合的状态C．情绪坏和积极性高相结合的状态D．情绪坏和积极性低相结合的状态二、多项选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。
岗培试题库-高等教育心理学2018
高等教育心理学1()〞教育心理学〞的正式出版标志着教育与心理学的结合产生了教育心理学。
A. 桑代克B. 布鲁纳C. 斯金纳D. 苛勒标准答案：A2德国教育家()第一个明确将心理学作为教育活动和教育学的理论根底。
A. 第斯多惠B. 威廉··洪堡C. 赫尔巴特D. 瓦根舍因标准答案：C3心理学的研究容包括()A. 心理动力B. 心理过程C. 心理状态D. 心理特征标准答案：A,B,C,D1具体运算阶段的标志是()的形成。
A. 可逆性B. 灵活性C. 守恒性D. 补偿性标准答案：C2对于大学生记忆的特征描述，不正确的选项是()。
A. 意义识记占优势B. 记忆的敏捷性和准备性保持稳定C. 记忆的持久性和准确性显著提高D. 有效记忆方法的掌握与运用更熟练标准答案：B3瑞士心理学家皮亚杰根据个体认知的开展水平，把个体认知的开展区分为四个阶段，其中2~7岁是()阶段。
A. 感知运动阶段B. 前运算阶段C. 具体运算阶段D. 形式运算阶段标准答案：B1以下不属于网络人际交往方式的是()A. E-mailB. QQC. 短信D. 微信标准答案：C2大学生人际交往风格的不同，主要表达不包括的是()A. 价值观不同B. 心理需求不同C. 情绪稳定性不同D. 生活习惯和修养不同标准答案：C3大学生人际交往多样性主要表现在()方面。
A. 交往动机B. 交往对象C. 交往渠道D. 交往方式标准答案：B,C,D1以下不属于大学生交往心理差异性的是()A. 交往目的不同B. 交往风格不同C. 交往认知不同D. 交往情感不同标准答案：A2不属于大学生交往目的的是()。
A. 切磋学问B. 交流思想C. 探索人生D. 商务合作标准答案：D3大学生人际交往多样性主要表现在()方面。
A. 交往动机B. 交往对象C. 交往渠道D. 交往方式标准答案：B,C,D1根据个体认知的开展水平，对于具体运算阶段描述正确的选项是()。
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一、单选题(共30.00分)1.下列属于消极的文化心理倾向的是（）。
A.两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天，窗含西岭千秋雪，门泊东吴万里船。
B.行行重行行，与君生别离。
相去万余里，各在天一涯；道路阻且长，会面安可知！C.毕竟西湖六月中，风光不与四时同。
接天莲叶无穷碧，映日荷花别样红。
D.天街小雨润如酥，草色遥看近却无。
最是一年春好处，绝胜烟柳满皇都。
满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--2.在心理学中，描述动机强度与解决问题效率关系的是（）。
A.耶基斯-多德森定律B.韦伯定律C.首因效应D.马太效应满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--3.人们会把在现实中客观等价的支出或收益在心理上划分到不同的账户中，根据资金的来源、资金的所在和资金的用途等因素对资金进行归类，这种现象被称为（）。
A.羊群行为B.从众心理C.沉没成本效应D.心理账户满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--4.感觉精力枯竭是哪种压力信号？（）A.生理信号B.情绪信号C.思想信号D.行为信号满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--5.性心理和性行为具有( )。
A.排他性B.互利性C.互惠性D.道德性满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--6.鲁迅说：不读（），不知中国文化，不知人生真谛，可见其在中国文化中的重要性。
A.《大学》B.C.《论语》D.《道德经》满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--7.人格四个特性中，最能反映人格是否健康的特征是（）。
A.独特性B.稳定性C.统整性D.功能性满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分C正确答案：C教师评语：--8.下列关于对“善终”的理解，错误的是（）。
A.把事情做完做好B.人正常死亡C.以平常心对待最后的结果D.办好丧事，饰终以礼满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--9.美国心理学家埃里克森将（）阶段称为“自我同一性”阶段，此阶段是对生命意义困惑的最初阶段。
A.幼儿园到小学B.小学到初中C.初中到高中D.高中到大学满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--10.下列属于性身份异常的是？（）A.易性癖B.同性恋露阴癖D.窥阴癖满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--11.在洛伦兹的看来，人和动物的行为可归结为四种本能，下列不属于这四种本能的是（）。
A.生殖B.饥饿C.攻击D.睡眠满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：正确答案：D教师评语：--12.认为人生目的和幸福在于按理性命令行事，而感官的享受和快乐只会玷污理性，荒废人生是（）价值观。
A.儒家B.道家C.感性主义D.理性主义满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--13.以下不属于秦淮八艳的是？（）柳如是B.李香君C.董小宛D.李师师满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--14.（）是个体对自己与他人、集体、社会之间的关系质量，以及对其生活环境和社会功能的自我评估。
A.社会幸福观B.心理幸福感C.D.道德幸福感满分：1.00 分得分：0分你的答案：C正确答案：A教师评语：--15.将性格区分为内向和外向型的心理学家是（）。
A.弗洛伊德B.弗洛姆C.荣格D.阿德勒满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：CC教师评语：--16.下列属于积极的取向的是（）。
A.人不为己，天诛地灭B.生命没有意义，生即是死C.人活着就是受罪D.生命不息，奋斗不止满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--17.人们总是倾向于根据观察到的某种事物的模式与其经验中该类事物的代表性模式的相似程度而进行判断,代表性越高的样本其判断的概率也越高。
这种偏差被称作？（）A.B.代表性启发式C..锚定启发式D.经验启发式满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--18.有追求幸福的人生目标，把不懈努力、创造机会、积极进取、合理管理时间等积极心理品质和行为结果视为评价幸福的先决条件是（）幸福观的体现。
A.社会取向B.个人取向C.积极取向消极取向满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：C正确答案：C教师评语：--19.文化情绪无处不在，积极的情绪对我们会产生情绪激励，而消极的情绪会对我们产生情绪污染，下列属于情绪激励的是现象是（）。
A.爱B.一言不发C.厌世D.冷漠满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：教师评语：--20.对已经发生但又不能接受的不愉快事件，认为根本没发生过，以逃避心理上的痛苦，这种心理防御机制是( )。
A.否认B.压抑C.投射D.合理化满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--21.下列不属于生命意义的社会取向的是（）。
注重自我价值的社会实现B.将自己完全融入社会C.将社会价值作为终极目标D.以生活质量提高为目标满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--22.对幸福的体验更多来自于家庭、团体和他人的共情，强调在对别人表示同情或爱的过程获得幸福体验（）幸福观的体现。
A.社会取向B.个人取向C.D.消极取向满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--23.顺境时觉得生命美好；蹉跎时觉得生命多难，逆境时觉得生命枉然，这说明人对生命意义的理解受制于（）。
A.人的认识发展进程B.人的追求目标C.人的现实社会境遇D.人的生命周期规律满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：CC教师评语：--24.以下选项中不属于消极、向外的社会倾向的是（）。
A.侵犯行为B.自杀C.虐待D.斗殴满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--25.弗洛伊德把人格区分为自我、本我和超我三个部分。
其中（）来自人的本能，在社会生活中表现为个人欲望的满足和个人利益实现，遵循快乐活动的原则。
A.自我B.本我C.超我满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--26.和“把自己当自己”的意思最相近的是（）。
A.悦纳自己B.要多和别人比较C.自以为是D.对自己要严格要求满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：A正确答案：A教师评语：--27.根据（）可以将对言语美的表达分为浅入浅出型、浅入深出型、深入深出型和深入浅出型四类。
A.言语和思维的同步性B.言语的内涵C.思维的质量D.话题的深入满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--28.下列哪一种人的幸福感体验与其他三种人不同？（）A.善于捕捉生活美的人B.追求理想主义和完美主义的人C.具有乐观人格的人D.合理运用情绪记忆、善待自己智力的人满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：B正确答案：B教师评语：--29.“少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲”体现了下列哪一种行为逻辑？（）。
A.选择逻辑B.人格逻辑C.行为方式逻辑D.时间逻辑满分：1.00 分得分：1.00分你的答案：D正确答案：D教师评语：--30.三希堂，是乾隆皇帝的书房，原名温室，后改为三希堂。
原因是阁中藏有三位著名书法家的稀世珍品，以下不属于“三希堂”由来的作品是（）。
A.王殉的《伯远帖》B.王羲之的《快雪时晴帖》C.王羲之的《兰亭集序》D.王献之的《中秋帖》满分：1.00 分得分：0分你的答案：A正确答案：C教师评语：--二、多选题(共40.00分)1.相对于消极情绪，积极情绪的好处在于（）。
A.消极情绪导致细胞衰退，积极情绪促使细胞生长B.积极情绪能产生较低水平的压力相关激素，产生更高水平的和人际关系相关的激素C.积极情绪能提高体内的多巴胺水平，加强免疫系统的运作，并降低人体对压力的炎症反应D.积极情绪能降低血压、减少疼痛、带来更好的睡眠，降低患病的可能性E.有着高水平实现幸福感的人群拥有不利的表达谱：其炎症基因高水平满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：2.关于生涯彩虹图，正确的有（）。
A.在生涯彩虹图中，横向代表横贯一生的生活广度，包括成长期、探索期、建立期、维持期、以及衰退期。
和我们的人生主要发展阶段对应。
B.纵向层面代表的是纵贯上下的生活空间，是由一组职位和角色所组成。
C.不同的彩虹色带代表人们同时在不同情境下扮演不同的角色，包括子女、学生、休闲者、公民、工作者、持家者等等。
D.每个人都有自己独特的生涯彩虹图。
满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--3.关于“生涯”（Career），正确的有（）。
A.这个词源自古罗马及拉丁文字狭义的生涯指的是“工作、职业或角色”C.广义的生涯指的是“人一生的发展，涉及各种职业和生活的角色”D.关于生涯的理论有美国哥伦比亚大学心理学家、生涯辅导理论的大师舒伯(Super)的生涯彩虹理论满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--4.按照能力倾向，可以把个体的能力划分为__________和__________。
（）A.一般能力B.认知能力C.操作能力D.特殊能力满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A D正确答案：A D教师评语：--5.远古时代女性的角色是（）。
A.采集物品B.打猎C.抚育后代D.烤肉满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：6.在学习过程中，学生注意力不集中的原因有（）。
A.学习动机不强，缺乏学习兴趣B.学习焦虑过低，没有明确的学习目标，没有压力C.学习没有计划，随意性过大D.过多地参与与学习无关的活动，造成中心兴趣转移满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--7.发怒的可能性包括（）。
A.累了B.C.不舒适D.受挫满分：2.00 分得分：0分你的答案：A C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--8.感恩的人（）。
A.更乐观B.更有活力C.与他人有更多的联系D.更可能有充足的睡眠满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--9.阶段变化理论将改变分为六个阶段，包括( )。
A.预期阶段B.计划准备阶段C.行动阶段D.保持阶段满分：2.00 分得分：2.00分你的答案：A B C D正确答案：A B C D教师评语：--10.认识自己，指的是认识自己的（）。