Direct speech and Indirect speech 直接引语与间接引语
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初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语
初中英语知识点归纳直接引语和间接引语直接引语（Direct Speech）和间接引语（Indirect Speech）是英语语法中重要的知识点。
在日常交流和书面表达中，人们经常使用直接引语和间接引语来引述他人的话语内容。
本文将对直接引语和间接引语进行归纳总结，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这两种引语形式。
一. 直接引语（Direct Speech）直接引语是将别人的原话直接引述出来的表达方式。
它通常使用引号将原话包裹起来，并在引号前后使用逗号或句号作为标点符号。
直接引语的语气直接、生动，可以准确地传递原始信息。
1. 表达方式：Tom said, "I like chocolate."2. 特点：- 使用引号标注原话；- 使用逗号或句号标点；- 保留原话的时态、人称和语气。
3. 例句：a) She asked, "What time is it?"b) He shouted, "Stop!"二. 间接引语（Indirect Speech）间接引语是将别人的话转述成自己的话的表达方式，同时改变动词的时态、人称以及其他相关的语言表达手法。
与直接引语相比，间接引语更加客观，不再保留原始语气和说话者的个人情感。
1. 表达方式：Tom said that he liked chocolate.2. 特点：- 去除引号，没有标点符号的限制；- 改变动词的时态、人称和语气；- 可能需要改变疑问句的语序。
3. 例句：a) She asked what time it was.b) He shouted to stop.三. 直接引语转换为间接引语的规则1. 时态转换：- 一般现在时变为一般过去时；- 现在进行时变为过去进行时；- 一般过去时变为过去完成时；- 现在完成时变为过去完成时；- 将来时变为将来过去时。
2. 人称变化：- 第一人称变为第三人称；- 第二人称不变化；- 第三人称根据实际情况变化。
直接引语间接引语(含练习有答案)
练一练
一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词： 1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _______ _______ having supper. 2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _______ me that she _______ _______ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _______ _______ _______ home with her sister. 1. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过 去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。 2. told, had, seen。直接引语中的said to sb在变为间接引语时应改 为told sb；现在完成时have seen改为过去完成时had seen。 3. she, had, gone。直接引语变为间接引语时，人称代词I 应变为 she；一般过去时wentwhat a clever monkey it was.
=we said that it was a clever monkey.
5.间接引语和直接引语注意事项
1.间接引语中时态仍不改变的情况 有时主句的动词是过去的时态，但间接引语中的时态仍不 变 （1 ）表示一般真理，间接引语时态不变（用一般现在时） He asked;"which star is the biggest?" He asked which star is the biggest.
directspeech&indirectspeech
said that she didn’t know the address of her new home. 2. Anne told her father that she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows. 3. The girl said that she needed to pack up her things in the suitcase very quickly.
he said that he would be back. 变化：人称,时态,语序,指示代词,时间/地点状语等
陈 述 句
He said, ”I will be back.”
He said that he would be back.
一般疑问句 ask /wonder Whether/if 陈述句式 He asked me, ”Will you wait for me?” He asked me whether/if I would wait for him. 特殊疑问句 Ask/wonder wh- 陈述句式 He asked me, ”Why do you wait for me? ” He asked me why I waited for him. Exercise 2, P5
He said, ”I will be back!”
What did he say? He said that he would be back.
Grammar
Direct speech “照搬”，直接引语
“I‟ll be back!” he said.
P5
Indirect speech 转述，间接引语
英语直接引语和间接引语PPT课件
They asked him if it is easy to work out the problem.
asked
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.
3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him )
Indirect Speech
The policeman ordered us to be quiet. The teacher told the boy to open the window
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语， 把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不
定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem? ( They asked him )
It is easy to work out the problem.
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 _直__接__引__语_____;
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _间__接__引__语__。 直接引语通常都用__引__号__“____”__括起来， 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾__语__从__句_。
词的宾语。 注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加
not或never.
解题步骤: 1.陈述句
asked
is
was
They asked him if it was easy to work out the problem.
3.特殊疑问句：
When do you harvest the wheat ? ( They asked him )
Indirect Speech
The policeman ordered us to be quiet. The teacher told the boy to open the window
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语， 把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不
定前加tell, ask, order , advise等动
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
2.一般疑问句:
Is it easy to work out the problem? ( They asked him )
It is easy to work out the problem.
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 _直__接__引__语_____;
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _间__接__引__语__。 直接引语通常都用__引__号__“____”__括起来， 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾__语__从__句_。
词的宾语。 注意：否定句，在动词不定式前加
not或never.
解题步骤: 1.陈述句
直接引语和间接引语讲解
today 今天
that day 那天
this week (month, etc.) that week (month, etc.)
本星期（月等）
那个星期（月等）
Yesterday 昨天
the day before 前一天
the day before 前一天 two days before 前两天
last week (year, etc.) the day before the day before
He said that the train leaves at 7:30p.m.
3. He said, “Rome isn’t built in a day.” 格言
He said that Rome isn’t built in a day. 4. Tom said, “I was born in July, 1978.”
时态不变化：
①直接引语是客观真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the
teacher told me.
→ The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth. ②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变
Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
上星期（去年）
前一周（年等）
three days (a year, et.) ago three days (a year etc.) before
三天（一年等）以前
前三天（一年等）
tomorrow 明天
the next (following) day 次日
Direct and Indirect Speech PPT课件 3 人教课标版
since May.
2. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.
• My classmate asked mew__h_e_t_he_r___I__ _h__a_d____
__b_e_e_n___to Paris.
3.“Why are you late again?” The teacher said to me.
2. “ Why are you so excited today?” Tom asked Bob. ---Tom asked Bob _w_h_y___ he was so excited that day. 3.“I’m very glad to visit the factory.” said the visitor. ---The visitor said _t_h_a_t__ he was glad to visit the
going to place our new furniture.
• that B. which C. what D. where
Goodbye!
•
1、再长的路一步一步得走也能走到终点，再近的距离不迈开第一步永远也不会到达。
•
2、从善如登，从恶如崩。
•
3、现在决定未来，知识改变命运。
•
4、当你能梦的时候就不要放弃梦。
•
11、明天是世上增值最快的一块土地，因它充满了希望。
•
12、得意时应善待他人，因为你失意时会需要他们。
•
13、人生最大的错误是不断担心会犯错。
•
14、忍别人所不能忍的痛，吃别人所不能吃的苦，是为了收获别人得不到的收获。
•
15、不管怎样，仍要坚持，没有梦想，永远到不了远方。
2. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me.
• My classmate asked mew__h_e_t_he_r___I__ _h__a_d____
__b_e_e_n___to Paris.
3.“Why are you late again?” The teacher said to me.
2. “ Why are you so excited today?” Tom asked Bob. ---Tom asked Bob _w_h_y___ he was so excited that day. 3.“I’m very glad to visit the factory.” said the visitor. ---The visitor said _t_h_a_t__ he was glad to visit the
going to place our new furniture.
• that B. which C. what D. where
Goodbye!
•
1、再长的路一步一步得走也能走到终点，再近的距离不迈开第一步永远也不会到达。
•
2、从善如登，从恶如崩。
•
3、现在决定未来，知识改变命运。
•
4、当你能梦的时候就不要放弃梦。
•
11、明天是世上增值最快的一块土地，因它充满了希望。
•
12、得意时应善待他人，因为你失意时会需要他们。
•
13、人生最大的错误是不断担心会犯错。
•
14、忍别人所不能忍的痛，吃别人所不能吃的苦，是为了收获别人得不到的收获。
•
15、不管怎样，仍要坚持，没有梦想，永远到不了远方。
DirectSpeechIndirectSpeech.ppt
②但直接引语中第三人称不变。 Eg: ◆“When will he come?” she asked . “他什么时候来？”她 问。 ◆She asked when he would come . 她问他什么时候来。
(2)、间接引语中动词时态的变化。
1.如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则 无需变化！
He said to her that he would help her with her English.
Oral Practice
Now ask your classmates what you are like in their eyes. Then fill in the chart below. At last tell others what they said.
Jim said that he would do it. 7.Mary said, “ I was eating.”
不变
Mary said she was eating.
8. Lily said, “ I h Nhomakorabead had my supper then.”
Lily said that she had had her supper then.
Eg:
1.He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish the work.”
一般现在时
一般过去时
He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work.
2.She said, “I ‘ll do it after class.”
二、直接引语变间接引语的注意事项
1.陈述句. (1).人称的变化 回顾一下:人称代词和物主代词有哪些？？?
(2)、间接引语中动词时态的变化。
1.如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则 无需变化！
He said to her that he would help her with her English.
Oral Practice
Now ask your classmates what you are like in their eyes. Then fill in the chart below. At last tell others what they said.
Jim said that he would do it. 7.Mary said, “ I was eating.”
不变
Mary said she was eating.
8. Lily said, “ I h Nhomakorabead had my supper then.”
Lily said that she had had her supper then.
Eg:
1.He said, “I’m afraid I can’t finish the work.”
一般现在时
一般过去时
He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish the work.
2.She said, “I ‘ll do it after class.”
二、直接引语变间接引语的注意事项
1.陈述句. (1).人称的变化 回顾一下:人称代词和物主代词有哪些？？?
英语直接引语和间接引语1完整ppt课件
the day before
the week before the next/following day the next/ following month
there go, take
could,might,had to
Direct Speech
She asked, “Have you seen the film?” He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?” She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?” He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?”
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 _直__接__引__语_____;
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _间__接__引__语__。 直接引语通常都用__引__号__“____”__括起来， 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾__语__从__句_。
Indirect Speech
She asked me whether\if I had seen the film. He asked John if\whether he was a doctor.
She asked us where we were going to get off.
He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
2.一般疑问句:
the week before the next/following day the next/ following month
there go, take
could,might,had to
Direct Speech
She asked, “Have you seen the film?” He asked, “Are you a doctor, John?” She asked us, “Where are you going to get off?” He asked them, “Who gave you a talk yesterday?”
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech
引语的概念
直接引述别人的原话，叫 _直__接__引__语_____;
用自己的话把别人的话陈述出来，叫 _间__接__引__语__。 直接引语通常都用__引__号__“____”__括起来， 间接引语在多数情况下都构成一个 _宾__语__从__句_。
Indirect Speech
She asked me whether\if I had seen the film. He asked John if\whether he was a doctor.
She asked us where we were going to get off.
He asked them who had given them a talk the day before.
she
didn’t
Sandy said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.
2.一般疑问句:
Direct and indirect speech(直接引语和间接引语)
二随宾
第三人称 不更新
Look and learn:
1.The teacher said to us, “ The earth runs around the sun.” (D) The teacher told us that the earth runs around the sune 过去完成时had done
过去完成时had done 过去完成时had done
Practice:
1.The man said, “ I always get up at six.” (D) The man said that he always got up at six .(I) 2. “Do you go to school by bus?” he asked me. (D) He asked me if /whether I went to school by bus. (I) 3. “ Did you see her last month?” he said. (D) He asked if/whether I had seen her the week before. 4.He asked, “ How did you find the cat, father? He asked his father how his father had found the cat.
间接引语 一般过去时was/were/did
现在进行时is doing/are
doing
过去进行时was/were
doing
现在完成时has/have done 过去完成时had done 一般将来时will do/are
going to do
一般过去时would do/
直接引语和间接引语的转换方法英语
直接引语和间接引语的转换方法英语直接引语（direct speech）是直接将别人的原话或陈述内容用引号标注，而间接引语（indirect speech）是转述别人的原话或陈述内容而不使用引号标注。
在将直接引语转换为间接引语时，需要进行一些语法和词汇上的调整。
以下是转换的方法：1. 时间和地点的变化：- 如果转述的谈话发生在过去，直接引语中的时间和地点词需要相应的过去时态变化，如"now" 变为 "then"，"here" 变为"there"。
- 如果转述的谈话发生在现在，则不需要改变时间和地点词。
2. 人称的变化：- 一般来说，将第一人称（如"I"）变为第三人称（如"he"），将第二人称（如"you"）变为相应的人称（如"she"）。
- 如果转述的谈话发生在过去，则要相应地改变人称的时态，如现在时变为过去时。
3. 动词的变化：- 将直接引语中的动词时态改为适当的间接引语时态。
例如，将直接引语中的一般现在时"am/is/are"改为一般过去时"was/were"，将一般过去时改为过去完成时，等等。
4. 介词的变化：- 根据动词或名词的要求，根据需要调整直接引语中的介词使用和位置。
5. 语态的变化：- 如果直接引语是主动语态，转换为间接引语时可以保持主动语态或改为被动语态，根据需要进行调整。
需要注意的是，每个句子和语境可能有不同的转换规则和要求，以上提供的是一般的转换方法。
通过练习和实践，可以进一步掌握直接引语和间接引语的转换。