机电专业英语翻译

机电专业英语翻译（2）

11、A car engine started from cold takes time to warm up and to reach its correct operating temperature. The quicker it reaches that temperature the sooner it begins operating at its most efficient.

冷起动汽车发动机从预热到合适的工作温度很费时间，越快达到这个温度，发动机就越早开始最有效地运行。

12、Each type of motor has its particular field of usefulness. Because of its simplicity, economy, and durability, the induction motor is more widely used for industrial purposes than other type of ac motor, especially if a high-speed drive is desired.

每种型号的电机都有其特定的使用范围。与其它型号的交流电机相比，感应电动机因其简单、经济和耐用而更广泛地用于工业，物别是需要高速驱动更是如此。

13、Almost all constant-speed machines may be driver by as squirrel-cage motors because these motors ate made with a variety of speed and torque characteristics. When large motors are required or when power supply is limited, the wound-rotor motor is used, even to drive constant-speed machines.

对于变速作业，由电阻控制的绕线转子电机可用于驱动电风扇、鼓风机和其它装置的持续作业，了也可用于起重机、卷扬机等机械和设备的断续工作。某些特殊应用时，须挑选适当的控制器和电阻器。几乎任何一种需要100马力以上的恒速驱动装置都可使用同步电动机。

14、20、For example，to make an LED work, you need a voltage supply and a resistor. If you try to use an LED without a resistor, you will probably burn out the LED. The LED has very little resistance so large amounts of current will try to flow through it unless you limit the current with a resistor. If you try to use an LED without a power supply, you will be highly disappointed.

例如，为了使一个LED工作，就需要一个电源和一个电阻。如果你想不用电阻而使用LED那么就回烧毁LED。LED只有很小的电阻，所以必须用电阻限制大电流流过。如果你想不用电源就使用LED，你将会很失望，因为二极管不会亮。

15、The word control is usually taken to mean regulate(regulate 调整), direct, or command. Control systems abound(abound 大量存在) in our environment. In the most abstract(abstract 理论上的、抽象的)sense(sense 意义) it is possible to consider every physical object as a control system.

控制这个词的意思为：调节，校正或按指令行事，控制系统在我们周围大量存在。用最抽象的话说，所有的物体都是一个控制系统。

16、The thermostat is usually found on the cylinder head just where the top hose joins from the radiator. Inside is a small, sealed capsule filled with. When the engine is turned on, the valve in the thermostat is closed. Even though the water pump is working, it cannot pump water through the closed thermostat, and instead travels through a bypass.

这种温度调节，装置通常是安在汽缸盖与散热器上部软管连接的地方。温度调节装置内有一个装有蜡的小型密封容器，发动机启动后，温度调节装置的阀门就关闭，这时即使有泵在工作，也不能使水通过闭合的温度调节器，而只能从旁路通过。

17、Fuses can stop this trouble. A fuse is only a thin wire which easily melts. It is fixed in a fuse-holder（保险盒）. The fuse-holder is made of some material which cannot burn. A large

current makes the fuse hot and then it melts away. We say that the fuse “blows”.保险丝能够防止这类事故的发生。保险丝不过是一种熔化的细导线，安装在保险盒里。保险盒是由不能燃烧的材料做成的。大电流使保险丝烧热，然后就熔化了。这就是我们常的保险丝“烧”了。

18、These strips connect the holes on the top of the board. This makes it easy to connect components together to build circuits. To use the breadboard, the legs of components are placed in the holes. The holes are made so that they will hold the component in place. Each hole is connected to one of the metal strips running underneath the hole.

这些金属条连接电路试验板表面的孔。这就很容易把电路中各部件连接起来。元件的引脚插入电路试验板的孔中。而这些孔是用于固定元件的。每个孔都是与电路试验板背面的金属条相连的。

19、When we introduced the subject of alternating current we said that the very great use made of A.C. supply systems is due to the ease with which an A.C supply can be stepped up or down in voltage. To do this we use a static transformer. （static transformer静态变压器）This device transforms low-voltage energy into high-voltage energy or vice versa.

在我们介绍交流电这一科目时，我们曾说过，交流供电系统之所以得到广泛使用是由于交流电压能很容易的升高或降低。要做到这一点，我们使用静止态变压器。这种设备把低电压电能转变成高压电能或把高压电能转变成低压电能。

20、Because the primary and secondary windings do not occupy exactly the same space, some of the flux that links one winding does not link the other winding so that the E.M.F.S per turn of two windings is not exactly the same. This flux is called the leakage flux (leakage flux 渗漏通量).

为了确定一台真正变压器的电流、电压、损耗和其它电路关系，通常使用变压器等效电路。这个电路比真正变压器的电路要简单些而且便于计算。有几个等效电路可供选择。一般作法是选择具有所需精度的最简单的一个。