2018-2019学年人教版高中英语必修三学案之Unit4Astronomy词汇详解

1. chat vi. & n.聊天；闲聊

chat to/with sb. (about sth.) = have a chat with sb. (about sth.) 与某人聊天，闲谈……

What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麽?

I had a long chat with her (about her job).（关於她的工作）我和她聊了很久。

根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。

1. She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.

2. We had a nice chat _______ (介词) a cup of tea.

【答案】1. chatting 2. over

2. eastward adv. 向东adj.向东的；朝东的eastward也作eastwards，副词，意为“向东”。-ward(s)是一个后缀, 意思是“朝着；向着；对着”。

They sailed eastward. 他们向东航行。

We couldn’t decide whether to go eastward or westward.

我们难以决定是向东走还是向西走。

The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飞机向东边飞去。

eastward(s) adj ./adv . 向东的，向东地

westward(s) adj ./adv . 向西的，向西地 southward(s) adj ./adv . 向南的，向南地 northward(s) adj ./adv . 向北的，向北地

southeastward(s) adj ./adv. 向东南的

northeastward(s) adj ./adv . 向东北的，向

东北地

southwestward(s) adj ./adv . 向西南的 northwestward(s) adj ./adv . 向东北的，向

东北地

根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。

1. It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.

2. When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an ________ direction.

【答案】1. westward(s) 2. southward(s)

【解析】主要考查表示方向的词的用法。

3. surround vt . & vi . 包围；围绕 cause sb./sth. to move into position all round sb./sth. 包围；围住; 环绕；围绕。surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境

surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 周围都是…… surround sb./sth. with sb./sth. 用……包围……

sth./sb. be surrounded by/with sth. ……被……所包围

The fence surrounds the school. 篱笆环绕着学校。

They have surrounded the town with troops. 他们出动军队包围了该城。

Trees surround the pond. 树木围绕着池塘。

The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。

用surround的短语或其适当形式填空。

1. _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.

2. There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.

3. She has always been _______ _______ fashionable friends.

4. She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.

5. With the house _______, the thief couldn’t flee and was caught.

【答案】

1. Surrounded

2. surrounding

3. surrounded with

4. surroundings

5. surrounded

【解析】本题主要考查跟surround有关的相关用法。

4. measure vi. & vt. find the size, length, volume, etc. of (sth.) by comparing it with a standard unit测量assess (sth.)；gauge估计；衡量；判定be (a certain size, length, volume, etc. )为（某体积、长度、容积等）

n. standard or system used in stating the size, quantity or degree of sth. 计量制unit used in such a standard or system计量单位action taken to achieve a purpose 措施

measure A by B 用B衡量A

sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米

measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb.’s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服

Mother measured me to see what size of dress I should have.

母亲给我量尺寸, 好知道我该穿多大号的衣服。

It’s hard to measure his ability when we haven’t seen his work.

没有见过他的作品，很难估计他的能力。

The room measures 10 meters across. 这间屋宽10米。

Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗?

It’ s hard to measure his ability when we haven’ t seen his work.