Lecture 1-Introduction
lecture 1. 雅思简介
IELTS is managed by three reputable, international
organisations: British Council, IDP: IELTS Australia and the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL).
图表完成题（Chart/table completion）
短问答
(Short-answer question)
Matching Sample Exercise:
Tick A if the repair will be done immediately. Tick B if the repair will be done during the following week. Tick C if the repair will be done in two or more weeks.
listening
5 minutes
reading
5 minutes
writing
12:00
speaking
11-14 minutes
2. References
• Websites:
• • (for information and materials) •
• • • •
• (for examination information教育部考试中心)
(for materials, test samples) (for books, PPT slides)
3.4 assessment for speaking
• • • • Fluency and coherence Lexical resource Grammatical range and accuracy Pronunciation
1. RUSSIA
defined - and often defines itself – in relation to the West. From the pеrspесtivе of Wеstеrn obsеrvеrs, it is еnough likе the West to bе rесognizably familiar, but suffiсiеntly distinсt to pеrplеx with its diffеrеnсе.
thе сlosеd world of Soviеt Russia has givеn way to a timе whеrе Russians, as so many othеr pеoplеs, intеraсt aсross thе planеt by mеans of tесhnology and travеl; Russian businеss intеrеsts arе global in sсopе; intеrnational alignmеnts shift aссording to еvеnts and intеrеsts, and arе by no mеans fixеd in an antiWеstеrn stanсе.
rеprеsеntеd сivilizational altеrnativеs loсkеd in an
еlеmеntal strugglе for thе futurе of thе world. Thеy еmphasizе thе undеmoсratiс naturе of Russia, govеrnеd by a narrow and sеlf-pеrpеtuating еlitе, using thе сourts, thе mеdia and thе sесurity forсеs to kееp its domеstiс opponеnts in сhесk, and pursuing a forеign poliсy opposеd to thе intеrеsts of thе Wеst.
真人秀节目定义
汁原味，没有演员没有编导和没有 Individual Freedom and Self-Reliance
每一集有不同的设计主题，12位服装设计师设计出服装，经过评委点评打分，每集淘汰一位，最后胜出者可以赢得10万元奖金，并得 到加入知名公司开创自己的服装品牌的机会。 《学徒》2004年1月首播，由马克·伯奈特制片公司与Trump公司联合出品，其中的老板是 有名的地产商 Donald Trump, 是一个将商
四、 选秀节目介绍
❖ 选秀节目种类繁多，涵盖唱歌、 跳舞、野外生存、职场生存、时 装设计、交友、烹饪等多种类型 ， 应有尽有。
4.1 偶像
2002年6月11日，福克斯 电视台首播《 偶像》， 并起用《流行偶像》创始 人之一的西蒙-考威尔 (Simon Cowell)担任广受 争议的“毒舌评委”，《美 偶》就此一炮而红，连年 高踞收视率榜首。
❖ 当观众厌倦了虚假的电视剧， 评委”，《美偶》就此一炮而红，连年高踞收视率榜首。
（机会均等与机会并存） 《学徒》2004年1月首播，由马克·伯奈特制片公司与Trump公司联合出品，其中的老板是 有名的地产商 Donald Trump, 是一个将商
厌倦了造作和虚伪的演员，厌倦了 业运作技巧作为真人秀竞赛主题的节目, 创造了最佳收视率的节目之一。
America is the great Melting-Pot where all races of Europe are melting and re-forming…Germans and Frenchmen, Irishmen and
Englishmen, Jews and Russians——into the Melting-Pot with you all! God is making the American!
Rhetoric and Stylistics (2)
----Three kinds of appeal.
The speaker could appeal to heart / emotion, head / reason, and/or morality / character.
3) Renaissance rhetoric.
It may be reasonable to say that the history of Renaissance rhetoric is characterized by recovery and reform. That is, the Renaissance sought to recover rhetoric’s true past and using this knowledge to reform rhetoric so that it might serve the changing shape of the European world in the early modern era. The recovery of rhetoric was initiated by Italian humanists in the 14th and 15th century.
----Three kinds of rhetoric.
Rhetoric may be categorized according to the cause or subject which the speaker is called upon to treat, and the role of the audience. (1) Judicial rhetoric is the oratory of the law courts, the rhetoric of legal prosecution and defence, judging the past.
Lecture_1
Chapter 2 Properties of materials §2.1 Mechanical property §2.2 Electrical property §2.3 Thermal property §2.4 Magnetic property §2.5 Optical property
§ 1.1 Concept and classification 1. Definition 定义 Functional materials：with excellent
electric, magnetic, thermal, sonic, mechanical, chemical and biochemical properties, can be transferred from each other and used as non-structural materials.
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1. 1 Nano metallic materials
Size: < 100nm Types: 纳米晶稀土永磁材料： 纳米晶稀土永磁材料 2000年，日本三荣化成株式会社 铁粉附着钕，磁场中烧结＋真空烧结 制得各向异性磁体 各向异性磁体
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磁性液体：铁磁流体，具有磁性及 具有磁性及 磁性液体 流动性（我国，钢铁研究总院） 流动性 由纳米级得脆性颗粒分散在载液中 形成稳定的胶体，在重力、离心力 在重力、 在重力 及强磁场作用下不分离。 及强磁场作用下不分离 1963年美国宇航局：解决太空服头 盔转动密封问题
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1. Functionally metallic materials
Some are developed and widely applied: 形状记忆合金：军事、汽车 Some are less developed but with potential opportunities: 超导合金材料、减振合金材料
1Introduction to digital system
Digital system design Lecture 1: Introduction to digital systemY. DING School of EIE. SCUTOutline About me About the course What ‘s digital system? Digital system design Focus of our courseAbout me 丁跃华 Focus: Electronic Design Automationprogramming HDLSynthesis y Route &place Simulation EDA softwareProgram d downloading l di debugging computerPLD Textbook 1: Title: Digital system design with VHDL l l d h Publishing house: Pearson&Prentice Hall, Author: Mark Zwolinski Imported by: 电子工业出版社 Textbook 2: Title: 数字系统设计及VHDL实践 Publishing house: 机械工业出版社 Author: 徐向民Outline About me About the course What ‘s digital system? no exact defintion Digital system design Focus of our course3‐8 decoder IC Display moduleFunction: logic function, logic conversion g , g Dependence on signal feeding from other modules electronic clock simple cell phone complicatedprocessingProblem abstraction :Ten‐number’s display in seven –segmentLogic conversion:Ten numbers to ten LED shapes：A,B,C,DIN A B C DLogic expression for eachsegment¾Logic connections of circuit according to logic expression Logic connections of circuit according to logic expressionFaFb……Using basic logic gatesABC¾ Physical connections of digital components Ph i l i f di i l Traditional design T di i ld i B Bottom‐upDrawback: ¾ inefficient, painful work; ¾ practical system :much more complicated than LED decoder ¾ has no simulation tools, error is terrible Traditional design primitive, Bottom‐up Design based on MCU software programming Design based on programmable logic devices g p g g PLD HDL, programming, Top‐Down¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾ ¾Problem abstraction Module division Algorithm flow chart Algorithm flow chart Programming C, C , or Assembly language Physical connections of peripheral circuits and analog parts Physical connections of peripheral circuits and analog parts software simulation if possible, e.g. Protues Debugging always Debugging always necessary necessaryE Example 1: electronic watch l 1 l i hInputs moduleDisplayClock source……Module divisionInterrupted service routine外部按键中断 保护Psw、A寄存器 带显示延时消抖Algorithm flow charts for each moduleN主程序Key1按下?Y有闪烁？N切换显示模式Y系统初始化 时间调整 调 整点？ Y 提示音 日期调整 N 闹钟到？ N Y 闹铃提示音 恢复psw、A寄存器 闹钟调整 调整模式 秒表模式?YY Y Y YN调整时间?进入秒 表 后台计时?N调整日期?日期、闹 日期 闹 钟、闹钟 设置、秒 表显示循 环切换YN初始化秒表N调整闹钟?N提示音滴Main program中断 出 中断退出MCU programming: MCU programming: C code simple programming, inefficient execution Assembly code Assembly code complicated complicated programming, efficient execution programming, efficient executionSimulation（Protues if possible）to check the logic feasibility Physical implementation: ¾Module connection Module connection ¾Programming downloading Real MCU （e.g. e g Mcs51）Example 2: temperature monitoring system All the tasks , except analog parts and peripheral parts, are finished by MCU Drawbacks: 1. Computation efficiency for complicated functions, e.g. FFT, image processing, matrix operation 2. Program fleet, Suffer from electromagnetic g interferences Traditional design primitive, Bottom‐up Design based on MCU software programming Design based on programmable logic devices g p g g PLD HDL programming, Top‐Down focus of our cousreDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDATopModule division and system behaviorsDesign n FlowCircuit connection, transistors bottomDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDAModule divisionHDL code: Hardware description (different from C /assembly coding)HDL code synthesis, optimization, and gate-level netlist generatingDownloading D l di (FPGA/CPLD)SimulationLogic i mapping i using netlistDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDAReturn & ModificationsDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDAHDL EDA softwarePLDcomputerDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDA Example: electronic watch Module division usually three basic modules Inputs module (keyboard)Central processorDisplay moduleDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDAInputs module (keyboard) ( y )Central processor pDisplay moduleD i b d Design based on PLD PLD T Top‐Down, EDA D EDA HDL programmingDisplay moduleInputs module (keyboard)Central processorDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDAGate-level netlistFitting g to objective j deviceL Layout t (place ( l and d route) t )Finished by EDA toolsD i b d Design based on PLD PLD T Top‐Down, EDA D EDA Compilation report / project navigatorModule nameUsed resources Unused resources Check physical connections between modulesCheck resource usageDesign based on PLD Top‐Down, EDA Simulation and timing analysisQuartus II or Modelsim。
RelativeClause关系从句的用法
antecedent
Relative clause
by a relative pronoun
Substitute Substitute Substitute
sb.
sth.
sb. / sth.
The few points ( which / that ) the president stressed in his report are very important indeed.
by a relative adverb
Relative adverbs when
where
why
Substituted antecedent
10. Double relative clause
Two clauses may also be placed on different levels. She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. (Here the first relative clause modifies “the only girl”, while the second relative clause modifies “the only girl I know”)
9. prep. + relative pron.
This is the largest clock in the world, of which the minute hand / the minute hand of which is six meters long. These are the conditions (which / that ) he can’t put up with.
lecture 1
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1-11
Classification of Risk
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1-3
Chance of Loss
• Chance of loss: The probability that an event will occur - A priori—by logical deduction such as in games of chance - Empirically—by induction, through analysis of data • Objective Probability vs. Subjective Probability – Objective probability refers to the long-run relative frequency of an event based on the assumptions of an infinite number of observations and of no change in the underlying conditions • Defined as the relative variation of actual loss from expected loss • Declines as the number of exposure units increases • Can be measured by using the standard deviation or coefficient of variation – Subjective probability is the individual’s personal estimate of the chance of loss • Defined as uncertainty based on one’s mental condition or state of mind • Difficult to measure
Lecture_1_Medical_Imaging_Technology_Introduction
Obtain human internal structure information (VHP) Verify the pathologic change existence Lesion’s region, size, shape and relationship with other organo Guide the therapy and monitor process Make the therapy targeted and invasive e.g., HIFU guided by MRI, RF thermal therapy Virtual surgery, remote operator by internet Navigation …… Guide the biopsy CT biopsy
For example, GE Healthcare Vision - Delivering Personalized Healthcare. At GE Healthcare, We Strive to See Life More Clearly. We Help Predict, Diagnose, Inform and Treat So That Every Individual Can Live Life to the Fullest
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2010-3-12
3. Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI
*Its practical application to the field of medical imaging was only realized in 1973 when Paul C. Lauterbur made the first NMR image [16] by introducing gradients in the magnetic field. *In 1974 Peter Mansfield presented the mathematical theory for fast scanning and image reconstruction *Lauterbur and Mansfield shared the Nobel Prize in Medicine or Physiology in 2003
FLOEFD-培训教程-全精编版
在运行Wizard前, 你可以检查Units数据库， 如有必要可以在定义自己需要的单位系 统：点击
Flow Analysis Tools Engineering Database Units.
在完成Wizard后,你可以调整项目的单位 系统 ：点击 Flow Analysis, Units.
b版本 • EFD.V5:完全集成于CATIA V5中的
b版本
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却与传统 CFD不同!
EFD软件“讲述”工程师的语言，允许用户 关注于工程设计任务。
NIKA的EFD替用户封装了复杂的数学/数值算 法以及流体动力学方程.
专业的分析专家，在此并非必要!
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b采用有限体积方法求解控制方程 Finite Volume (FV) Method，网格在一空间立方体区域 内采用笛卡尔坐标进行离散。
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非牛顿流体
能够计算非弹性非牛顿流体的层流. The Herschel-Bulkley model The power-law model The Carreau model
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压缩流动
如果流体密度与压力相关，那么密度的变化是比 较重要的，则流动被视为可压缩的。
气体一般是可压缩的。 液体可以压缩性的或者是不可压缩的。
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Wizard and Navigator
Wizard指引用户step-by-step创建一个新的项 目。
Navigator允许直接进入 wizard中的对话框.
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Navigator面板包含下面的按钮, 该按钮可 以直接进入Wizard中的相关对话框:
项目配置 单位系统 分析类型 默认流体 默认固体 (如果固体间导热选项被开启) 壁面条件 初始条件 (对外部分析而言就是初始与环境