高级英语(2)修辞格汇总
高级英语修辞手法汇总
高英修辞Lesson 11. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)2. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----simile (明喻)3. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile4. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)5. Rcihelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. ---- …the6. We can batten down and ride it out. -----metaphor7. Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)8. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. -----simile9. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point-----transferred epithet移就10. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile Lesson 41.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operativeventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)3.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进4. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环5.We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism6.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration7.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----parallelism; alliteration8.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句9.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot savethe few who are rich. -----antithesis10. …to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. ---repetition11. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…----metaphor12. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us -----antithesis13.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.-----metaphor14. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. -----extended metaphor15. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak…----metaphor16.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds -----parallelismLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about thenaughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting”sheik”, and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2. Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitation our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhatby the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naive destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had “made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and”Puritanical”gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8. Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do thingsbetter.”—personification, metonymy ,synecdoche。
高级英语第二册修辞(完整版)
Lesson11 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile Lesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys, no women—threaded their way across themarket place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turningchair-legs at lightning speed.—historical present, transferred epithet3 Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long, dusty column,infantry, screw-gun batteries, adnthen more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic wordssymbolism5 Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.—simileLesson31 The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been brokenor even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor2 They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they livedside by side with each other,did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile3 It was on such an occasion te other evening, as the conversation moved desultorily here andthere, from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter, without and focus and with no needfor one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, andall at once ther was afocus.—metaphor4 The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated tothe ends of the earth.—simile5 Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides inconversation.—metaphor, alliteration6 When E.M.Forster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividness of thephrase, the force and even terror in the image.—metaphorLesson41 Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has beenpassed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplinedby a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage, and unwilling to witness or permitthe slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed, andto which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2 Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear anyburden, meet any hardship, suppor any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and thesuccess of liberty.—parataxis consonance3 United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is littlewe can do, for we dare not meet a power ful challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis4 …in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended upinside.—metaphor5 Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6 All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion, climax7 And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can dofor your country.—contrast, windingLesson51 Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’sChildren.—metaphor2 Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being adry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, andtrauma.—metaphor, hyperbole3 Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.—antithesis4 What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody5 This loomed as a project of no small dimensions, and at first I was tempted to give her backto Petey—understatement6 Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybesomehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor, extended metaphor Lesson61 As in architecture, so in automaking.—elliptical sentenceLesson71 Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative andcharacteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen onearth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that itreduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor,hyperbole, antithetical contrast2 Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination—and here were humanhabitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole,antithetical contrast3 The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endless mills.—litotes,understatement4 Obviously, if ther were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, theywould have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high pitched roof, to throwoff the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a low and clinging building, wider than it wastall.—sarcasm5 And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paintpeeping through the streaks.—metaphor6 When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an egg long past all hope orcaring.—ridicule, irony, metaphor7 I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony8 Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God-forsaken villages of Iowa andLansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlets of Georgia.—antonomasia9 It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devotedall the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony10 They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them.—irony11 It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphorLesson81 One speaks of ―human relations‖ and one means the most inhuman relations, those betweenalienated automatons; one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which hasdriven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallismLesson91 In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls, between old mossgrowngardens and under avenues of trees, past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2 The air of morning was so clear that the snow stil crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned withwhite-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air, under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor3 In the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the citystreets, farther and nearer and ever approaching, a cheerful faint sweetness of the air that fromtime to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging ofthe bells.—periodic sentence4 Some of them understand why, and some do not, but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city, the tenderness of their friendships, the health of their children, thewisdom of their scholars, the skill of their makers, even the abundance of their harvest and thekindly weathers of their skies, depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery.—parallelconstruction5 Indeed, after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,anddarkness for its eyes, and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101 The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged andcurious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciouslyillicit thrill of the first visit toa speakeasy, of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality, and of the fashionableexperimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty,jazzy parties, the flask-toting‖ sheik‖, and the moral andstylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ andthe ―drug-store cowboy‖.—transferred epithet2 Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if notopenly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we hadreached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind theartificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two borderingoceans.—metaphor3 War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our youngpeople to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling businessmedium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4 The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitationg our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released theirinhibited violent energies which, after theshooting was over, were turned in both Europe andAmerica to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5 The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward theUnited States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerableto many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhancedsomewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlistunder foreign flags.—metonymy6 Their energies had been whipped up and their naïveté destroyed by the war and now, in sleepyGopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resumethe pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as thenotion that their fighting had ―made the world safe for democracy‖.—metaphor7 After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamedagainst war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility, should flock to the traditional artisticcenter(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength, totear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love,and sensation.—metonymy synecdoche8 Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles anddolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no realdisillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and playwith the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9 These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to betterthings, but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar, there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where ―they dothings better.‖—personification, metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111 This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English, and at the same time,below the noisy arguments, the abuse and the quarrels, there is a reservoir of instinctivefellow-feeling, not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2 But there are not may of these men, either on the board or the shop floor, and they arecertainly not typical English.—metaphor3 Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.—metaphor4 A further necessary demand, to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger andlarger profits, is for enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keensalesmen.—metaphor5 It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English. It is between Admass, which hasalready conquered most of the Western world, and Englishness, ailing and impoverished, in noposition to receive vast subsidies of dollars, francs, Deutschmarks and the rest, for publicrelations and advertising campaigns.—personification6 Against this, at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencilsketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that rich variety of things. But then while things areimportant, states of mind are even more important.—metaphor7 It must have some moral capital to draw upon, and soon it may be asking for anoverdraft.—metaphor8 Bewildered, they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools, the oldharsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood orthought to be out of reach.—metaphor9 Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that isreal between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerialjobs while the other et pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk ofruin.—metaphor10 Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality, the latest figures of profitand loss, a constant appeal to self-interest.—metaphor11 And this is true, whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops ofhair.—metonymyLesson121 When it did, I like many a writer before me upon the discoverythat his props have all beenknocked out from under him, suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to themountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2 Tere, in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and atypewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which Ihad spent so many years in flight.—metaphor3 Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished, I must say, from my ―place‖—in theextraordinary drama which is America, I was released from theillusion that I hatedAmerica.—metaphor4 It is not meant, of course, to imply that it happens to them all, for Europe can be verycrippling too; and, anyway, a writer, when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply wona crucial skirmish in a dangerous, unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor5 Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists, they have killed enough of them off bynow to know that they are as real—and as persisten—as rain, snow, taxes orbusinessmen.—simile6 In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New, it is the writer, notthe statesman, who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131 I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement for the ablition of capitalpunishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession, including the law. Iam told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific, for rapists andmurderers are really sick people who should be cured, not killed. I am invited to use myimagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2 Under such a law, a natural selection would operate to remove permanently from the scenepersons who, let us say, neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with theirshoe.—metonymyLesson141 A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t existforknowledge.—paregmenon2 The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these peopleoff from humanity.—transferred epithet3 So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor。
高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理
高级英语-第二册-修辞-最全整理高级英语第二册修辞Lesson 11The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.—metaphor 2They are like the musketeers of Dumas who,although they lived side by side with each other,did not delve into,each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—simile 3It was on such an occasion te other evening,as the conversation moved desultorily here and there,from the most commonplace to thoughts of Jupiter,without and focus and with no need for one that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place,and all at once there was a focus.—metaphor4The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 5Even with the most educated and the most literate,the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—metaphor ,alliteration6When E.M.Fors ter writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,”we sit up at the vividness of the phrase,the force and even terror in the image.—metaphor7. I have an unending love affair with dictionaries. Metaphor, personification8. Perhaps above all, one would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised thesubject, wondering more about her. Metaphor9. and no one has any idea where the conversation will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. Metaphor10 The conversation is on the wings. Metaphor11. They did not delve into each other’s lives or the recesses of t heir thoughts and feelings. Metaphor12. The glow of the conversation burst into flames.MetaphorLesson21 The little crowd of mourners –all men and boys,no women—threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels,wailing a short chant over and over again.—elliptical sentence2 A carpenter sits-cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe,turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—,transferred epithet3 Still,a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche4 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a long,dusty column,infantry,screw-gun batteries,antitheft more infantry,four or five thousand men in all,winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—onomatopoetic words symbolism5 Not hostile,not contemptuous,not sullen,not even inquisitive.—elliptical sentence6 And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men,flowing peacefully up the road,while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction,glittering like scraps of paper.—simile7 … there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards,all clamoring for a cigarette. Transferred epithet8. four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road witha clumping of boots and a clatter ofiron wheels. Onomatopoeia9. Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they evenhave names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?Rhetorical question10. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields. Simile11. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies.simileLesson 31Let the word go forth from this time and place,to friend and foe alike,that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans,born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage,and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of these human rights to which this nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.—alliteration2Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.—parataxis consonance3United,there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.Divided,there is little we can do,for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 4…in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor5Let us never negotiate out of fear,but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression6All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—historical allusion,climax7And so,my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country.—contrast, winding8. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce. Parallelism9. We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foeto assure the survival and the success of liberty. Parallelism (or parallel structure) and Alliteration10. And if a beachhead of co-operation my push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides joinin creating a new endeavor. Metaphor11 We observe today not a victory of part but a celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as wellas a beginning, signifying renewal as well as a change. Parallelism (or parallel structure)12. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that …Alliteration13. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. metaphor14. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems whichdivide us. antithesis15. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed. repetitionLesson 41Charles Lamb,as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays,unfettered the informal essay withhis memorable Old Chi na and Dream’s Children.—metaphor 2Read,then,the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,far from being a dry,pedantic discipline,is a living,breathing thing,full of beauty,passion,and trauma.—metaphor,hyperbole3Back and forth his head swiveled,desire waxing,resolution waning.—antithesis4What’s Polly to me,or me to Polly?—parody5This loomed as a project of no small dimensions,and at first I was tempted to give her back to Petey.==understatement6Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind,a few embers still smoldered.Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—metaphor,extended metaphor7. I said with a mysterious wink and closed my bag and left. Transferred epithet8. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s f rontier. metaphor9. After all, surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation, lawyers have briefs to guidethem during a grail, metonymy10. In fact, she veered in the opposite direction. understatement11. but I was not one to let my heart rule my head. M etonymy12. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker for the rain. M etonymy13. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. M etonymy14. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girlbeautiful. Antithesis15. Look at me --- a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Lookat Petey --- a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who’ll never know where his next meal is coming from.Antithesis16. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear.Synecdoche17. Could Carlyle do more? Could Ruskin? Rhetorical question18. I cited instances, pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up. It waslike digging a tunnel. Simile19. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, aspenetrating as a scalpel.Simile and Hyperbole20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. metaphor21. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. HyperboleLesson 51The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:”.—transferred epithet2Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,—metaphor5The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 1919)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy7Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry,and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor8These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of thedollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdoche9. The important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, was the rallyingpoint of sensitive persons disgusted with America. metaphor10. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town andFamilies.... metaphor11. Since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar, there was little remedy for… Metonymy and Personification12. Before long the movement had become officially recognized by the pulpit which denounced it. Metonymy13. until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to ahalt and… metaphorLesson 61The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crow ds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet2So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world.—synecdoche, metaphor3Sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood —alliteration; metaphor4Tin Pan Alley .— metonymy5New York was never Mecca to me. .— metonymy; metaphor 6Nature constantly yields to man in New York .—personification7So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers .—as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers. .—simile;onomatopoeia8Those paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’t get acting jobs do commercials;those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the magazines —parallelism 9“So what else is new?” .—rhetorical question10The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of town .—euphemism 11All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be….. .— metaphor 12Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously .—personificationLesson 101. The defeated are not hidden away somewhere else on the wrong side of the town.2. His choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonderas to whether or not it will cost him all his friends. Transferred epithetSimileand as persistent—as rain, snow, taxes or businessmenIt is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky. Metaphorhis props have all been knocked out from under himarmed with two Bessie Smith records …accept my role in the extraordinary drama which is America…when he has made his first breakthrough, has simply won a crucial skirmish in … unpredictable b attle.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing hismuscles…an American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs…to step out of that lukewarm bath…Even the most incorrigible maverick has to be born somewhere.An American writer fights his way to one of the lowest rungs on the American social ladder. Simile明喻Metaphor暗喻Alliteration头韵法Antithesis 对照，对比，对偶Transferred Epithet 移就Metonymy 借喻，转喻Synecdoche 提喻Synaesthesia通感Personification 拟人Hyperbole 夸张Parallelism 排比Euphemism 委婉语Repetition重复Irony 讽刺，反语Pun 双关Rhetorical question 修辞疑问Oxymoron 矛盾修饰法Climax 渐进法，层进法Anticlimax 渐降法Onomatopoeia 拟声Allusion 隐喻Antonomasia 换称。
高级英语修辞总结
高级英语修辞总结Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion（暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。
例如：1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。
高级英语修辞总结
Rhetorical Devices一、明喻（simile ）是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如：1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wi nd like slim fin gers reach ing to touch someth ing.它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻（metaphor ）这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusi on （暗引）其特点是不注明来源和出处，一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组，将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。
例如：1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。
高级英语第二册修辞汇总,推荐文档
Lesson11.Wind and rain now wiped the house ---- metaphor(暗喻)2.The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ---- simile (明喻)3.The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. ---- -simile4.…it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles a way ---- personification(拟人)5.We can batten down and ride it out ----- metaphor6.Everybody out the back door to the cars!—ellipsis (省略)7.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them ------ s imile8.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage p oint--- --transferred epithet 移就9.Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads --- metaphor; simileLesson21.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict buildin g-lot ------ simile2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone ----- alliteration 押头韵3.and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies ---- simile4.And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up t he road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper ------ simile5.The little crowd of mourners all men and boys, no womenthreaded their way across the market place between the piles o f pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.--—elliptical sentence6.A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.—- hyperbole7.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush ofJews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for a cigarette ------ t ransferred epithet8.Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—-synecdoche(提喻)9.As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southwarda long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then m ore infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.—--- onomatopoetic words symbolism10.Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. —-- elliptical sentence11.This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. —- synecdoche 提喻Lesson31.… and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor2.… that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all a t once there was a focus ---- metaphor3.The glow of the conversation burst into flames ----- metaphor4.We had traveled in five minutes to Australia ------ metaphorThe fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor5.The conversation was on wings ----- metaphor6.The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will pro bably try to talk sense and so ruin a ll conversation ------ sarcasm 反讽7.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings ------ s imile8.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side b y side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile9.Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ---- m etonymy10.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seedsmultiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile11.Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s E nglish slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration12.When E.M.F orster writes of “the sinister corridor of our age,” we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphorLesson 41.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)4.All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax 递进5.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do foryou; ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression 回环6 We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom,symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change ----- p arallelism7.Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike ….—alliteration8.Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----–parallelism; alliteration9.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challen ge at odds and split asunder ---- antithesis 对句10.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich ----- antithesis11.… to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty --- repetition12.And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion… ---- metaphor13.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us------ antithesis14.And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends toremain the master of its own house ------ metaphor15.The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world ------ extended metaphor16.…to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… metaphor17.With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds… ----- p arallelismLesson51.Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic, far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—-metaphor; hyperbole2.Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor3.Cool was I and logical inversion ( 倒装)4.My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, as penetrating as a scalpel simile5.My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ---- metaphor or -mixed-metaphor6.Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox ----- simile7.I was not one to let my heart rule my head ----- m etonymy 转喻8."I may do better than that," I said with a mysterious wink and c losed my bag and left ----- transferred epithet9.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered ----- m etaphor10.We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat d own under an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly ----- allusion11.Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, ---- allusion12.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the throat ----- a llusion13.The time had come to change our relationship from academic to romantic ----- assonance (半)谐音14.Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning. —antithesis15.What’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody16."Your girl," I said, mincing no words ----- l itotes (间接肯定)17.This loomed as a project of no small dimensions… ----- litotes or understatement18.Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—- metaphor or extended metaphor19.There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear ---- synecdoche20.He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ---- metaphor21.Over and over and over again I cited instances pointed out flaws, kept hammering away without let-up ---- metaphor22.Suddenly, a g1immer of intelligence—the first I had seen--came into her eyes -----metaphor23.I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright ----- metaphor24.. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellations of outer space------ hyperbole; metaphor25.He's a liar. He's a cheat. He's a rat ----- climax (递进)26.Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an assured future. Look at Petey--a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is coming from ------ antithesis 对句Lesson71.Here was the very heart of industrial America, the center of its most lucrative and characteristic activity, the boast and pride of the richest and grandest nation ever seen on earth—and here was a scene so dreadfully hideous, so intolerably bleak and forlorn that it reduced the whole aspiration of man to a macabre and depressing joke.—metaphor; hyperbole; parallelism; antithesis2.Here was wealth beyond computation, almost beyond imagination and here were human habitations so abominable that they would have disgraced a race of alley cats.—hyperbole; antithesis3.What I allude to is the unbroken and agonizing ugliness, the sheer revolting monstrousness, of every house in sight ----- transferred epithet4.…, there was not one in sight from the train that did not insult a nd lacerate the eye ----- h yperbole; double negatives (双否)5.There was not a single decent house within eye range from the Pittsburgh suburbs to the Greensburg yards，and there was not one that was not misshapen, and there was not one that was not shabby. ---- hyperbole; repetition; double negatives6.The country itself is not uncomely, despite the grime of the endlessmills.—litotes or understatement7.Obviously, if their were architects of any professional sense or dignity in the region, they would have perfected a chalet to hug the hillsides—a chalet with a high-pitched roof, to throw off the heavy winter snows, but still essentially a lo w and clinging building, wider than it was tall.-—ridicule （讽刺）8.This they have converted into a thing of dingy clapboards, with a narrow, low-pitched roof ---- inversion (倒装)9.On their deep sides they are three, four and even five stories high; on their low sides they bury themselves swinishly in t he mud ------ m etaphor10.But what brick! ----- ellipsis (省略)11.…, and so they have the most loathsome towns and villages ever seen by mortal eye ------ hyperbole12.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer ----- irony; sarcasm13.And one and all they are streaked in grime, with dead and eczematous patches of paint peeping through the streaks.—metaphor14.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an e gg long past all hope or caring.—ridicule, irony, metaphor15.I award this championship only after laborious research and incessant prayer.—irony16.Safe in a Pullman, I have whirled through the gloomy, God- forsaken villages of Iowa and Lansas, and the malarious tidewater hamlet s ofGeorgia.—antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion 17.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them.—hyperbole, irony18.They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt o ffend them.—irony19.It is that of a Presbyterian grinning.—metaphor20.A few linger in memory, horrible even there: a crazy little church just west of Jeannette ---- personification21 …set like a dormer-window on the side of a bare, leprous hill…----- metaphor22.a steel stadium like a huge rattrap somewhere further down the line. ----simile23.They like it as it is: beside it, the Parthenon would no doubt offend them ----- antonomasia (换称：专有名词指代一般名词) or allusion24.When it has taken on the patina of the mills it is the color of an e gg long past all hope or caring ----- metaphor25.It is as if some titanic and aberrant genius, uncompromisingly inimical to man, had devoted all the ingenuity of Hell to the making of them ---- hyperbole; irony26.Such ghastly designs, it must be obvious, give a genuine delight to a certain type of mind ---- synecdoche (提喻)27.Thus I suspect (though confessedly without knowing) that the vast majority of the honest folk of Westmoreland county, and especially the 100% Americans among them, actually admire the houses they live in, and are proud of them irony; sarcasm28.It is incredible that mere ignorance should have achieved such master pieces of horror --- ironyLesson81.One speaks of”human relations”and one means the most inhuman relations,those between alienated automatons;one speaks of happiness and means the perfect routinization which has driven out the last doubt and all spontaneity.—parallelismLesson91.In the streets between houses with red roofs and painted walls,betweenold moss-grown gardens and under avenues of trees,past great parks and public buildings,processions.—periodic sentence2.T he air of morning was so clear that the snow still crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned with white-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air,under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor3.I n the silence of the broad green meadows one could hear the music winding through the city streets,farther and nearer and ever approaching,a cheerful faint sweetness of the air that from time to time trembled and gathered together and broke out into the great joyous clanging of the bells.—periodic sentence4.S ome of them understand why,and some do not,but they all understand that their happiness,the beauty of their city,the tenderness of their friendships,the health of their children,the wisdom of their scholars,the skill of their makers,even the abundance of their harvest and the kindly weathers of their skies,depend wholly on this child’s abominable misery.—parallel construction5.I ndeed,after so long it would probably be wretched without walls about it to protect it ,and darkness for its eyes,and its own excrement to sit in.—parallel constructionLesson101.The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young:memories of thedeliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy,of the brave denunciationg of Puritan morality,and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;questions about the naughty,jazzy parties,the flask-toting”sheik”,and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the “flapper”and the “drug-store cowboy”.—transferred epithet2.Second,in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some—subconsciously if not openly—that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.—metaphor3.War or no war,as the generations passed,it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success.—metaphor4.The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which,after the shooting was over,were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth century society.—metaphor5.The prolonged stalemate of 1915-1916,the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States,and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens,and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt,our young men began to enlist under foreign flags.—metonymy6.Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the war and now,in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country,they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had”made the world safe for democracy”.—metaphor7.After the war,it was only natural that hopeful young writers,their minds and pens inflamed against war,Babbittry,and”Puritanical”gentility,should flock to the traditional artistic center(where living was still cheap in 19)to pour out their new-found creative strength,to tear down the old world, to flout ht morality of their grandfathers,and to give all to art,love,and sensation.—metonymy ,synecdoche8.Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation,who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss,now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion.—metaphor9.These defects would disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things,but since the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for t he sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where”they do things better.”—personification,metonymy ,synecdocheLesson111.This is because there are fewer fanatical believers among the English,and at the same time,below the noisy arguments,the abuse and the quarrels,there is a reservoir of instinctive fellow-feeling,not yet exhausted though it may not be filling up.—metaphor2.But there are not may of these men,either on the board or the shop floor,and they are certainly not typical English.—metaphor3.Some cancer in their character has eaten away their Englishness.—metaphor4.A further necessary demand,to feed the monster with higher and higher figures and larger and larger profits,is for enormous advertising campaigns and brigades of razor-keen salesmen.—metaphor5.It is a battle that is being fought in the minds of the English.It is between Admass, which has already conquered most of the Western world,and Englishness, ailing and impoverished,in no position to receive vast subsidies of dollars,francs,Deutschmarks and the rest,for public relations and advertising campaigns.—personification6.Against this,at least superficially, Englishness seems a poor shadowy show—a faint pencil sketch beside a poster in full color –belonging as it really does to the invisible inner world,merely offering states of mind in place of that rich variety of things.But then while things are important,states of mind are even more important.—metaphor7.It must have some moral capital to draw upon,and soon it may be asking for an overdraft.—metaphor8.Bewildered,they grope and mess around because they have fallen between two stools,the old harsh discipline having vanished and the essential new self-discipline either not understood or thought to be out of reach.—metaphor9.Recognized political parties are repertory companies staging ghostly campaigns,and all that is real between them is the arrangement by which one set of chaps take their turn at ministerial jobs while the other pretend to be astounded and shocked and bring in talk of ruin.—metaphor 10.Englishness cannot be fed with the east wind of a narrow rationality,the latest figures of profit and loss,a constant appeal to self- interest.—metaphor11.And this is true,whether they are wearing bowler hats or ungovernable mops of hair.—metonymyLesson121.When it did,I like many a writer before me upon the discovery that hisprops have all been knocked out from under him,suffered a species of breakdown ad was carried off to the mountains of Switzerland.—metaphor2.There, in that absolutely alabaster landscape armed with two Bessie Smith records and a typewriter I began to try to recreate the life that I had first known as a child and from which I had spent so many years in flight.—metaphor3.Once I was able to accept my role—as distinguished,I must say,from my”place”—in the extraordinary drama which is America,I was released from the illusion that I hated America.—metaphor4.It is not meant,of course,to imply that it happens to them all,for Europe can be very crippling too;and,anyway,a writer,when he has made his first breakthrough,has simply won a crucial skirmish in a dangerous,unending and unpredictable battle.—metaphor5.Whatever the Europeans may actually think of artists,they have killed enough of them off by now to know that they are as real—and as persist—as rain,snow,taxes or businessmen.—simile6.In this endeavor to wed the vision of the Old World with that of the New,it is the writer,not the statesman,who is our strongest arm.—metaphorLesson131.I am asked whether I know that there exists a worldwide movement forthe absolution of capital punishment which has every where enlisted able men of every profession,including the law.I am told that the death penalty is not only inhuman but also unscientific,for rapists and murderers are really sick people who should be cured,not killed.I am invited to use my imagination and acknowledge the unbearable horror of every form of execution.—parataxis2.Under such a law,a natural selection would operate to remove permanently from the scene persons who,let us say,neglect argument in favor of banging on the desk with their shoe.—metonymyLesson141.A market for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.—paregmenon2.The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity.—transferred epithet3.So much of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves,tranquil and luxurious,that shut out the world.—synecdoche,metaphor“”“”At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!。
高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if，as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>。
He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>。
I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3〉。
Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成.例如：1>。
Hope is a good breakfast，but it is a bad supper.2>。
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed anddigested。
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I。
以容器代替内容，例如:1〉.The kettle boils. 水开了。
2〉.The room sat silent。
全屋人安静地坐着。
II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称，例如:Lend me your ears，please。
请听我说。
III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般.例如:1〉.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。
高级英语修辞手法总结
Lesson one1 We can batten down and ride it out.—metaphor2. Wind and rain now wiped the house. ----metaphor(暗喻)3 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence (省略句)4. The children went fro m adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. ----si mile (明喻)5. But the cars wouldn’t start; the electrical systems had been killed by water. personification(拟人)6. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. -----simile7. …it seized a 600,00 gallon Gulfport oil tan k and dumped it 3.5 miles away. ----personification(拟人)8 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile9 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the sto rm fro m their spectacular vantagepoint--transferred epithet10. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. 明喻11. Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads----metaphor; simile12. …the Salvation Army’s canteen trucks and Red Cross volunteers and staffers were going wherever possible to distribute hot drinks, food, clothing and bedding.Lesson two Marrakech1 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. (Elliptical sentence省略句)2 提喻or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects?3 押头韵They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the gr aveyard (Para 3)4间接请求I could eat some o f that bread.5夸张移就暗喻A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed.（Transferred epithet移就Metaphor暗喻）6移就暗喻Instantly, fro m the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (Transferred epithet 移就）7 类比in just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.7 提喻still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.8 明喻long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls.9 暗喻she accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.10 拟声词Ono matopoeia as the strokes flew northward the Negroes were marching southward -a long, dusty column, infantry, screw- gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.11 明喻their feet squashed into boots that looks like blocks of wood…Simile12 省略句Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive13 明喻And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefull y up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scrapes of paper.Lesson threeMetaphor(暗喻)1 the conversation had swung from Australian convicts of the 19th century to the english peasants of the 12th century.2 the conversation was on wings.3.And no one has any idea where it will go as it meander or leaps and sparkles or just glows .——mixed metaphor4The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks,or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.——metaphor【1.on the rock 为英语习语，这里引用了隐喻的修辞手法，把婚姻比喻成触礁的船只】【2.to get out of the bed on the wrong side 也是英语习语。
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simile1.It is as though he suddenly came out of a dark tunnel and found himself beneath the open sky2.They are like the musketeers of Dumas…3.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and floated to the ends of the earth.metaphor1... and it is not easy for him to step out of that lukewarm bath2.It is not until he is released from the habit of flexing his muscles and proving that he is just a “regular guy” that he realizes how crippling this habit has been3.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.4.The conversation was on wings.5.The glow of the conversation burst into flames.6.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries7.we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.8.We can batten down and ride it out9.Wind and rain now whipped the house.mixed metaphor1.and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows.metonymy –change of name –the association of two unlike things[mi'tɔnimi] 转喻，借代He met his Waterloo. He likes to read Hemingway. 1.In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describessynecdoche – whole for part or part for whole[si'nekdəki] 提喻He has many mouth to feed in his family. China beat South Korea 3 to 1.The vineyard are intersected by channels, red and yellow sails glide slowly through the vines.Nowadays more and more people have a liking for cotton.1.But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionary' s2.yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.alliteration1.… a concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life2.ask of us here th e same high standards of strength and sacrifice…3.One form of colonial control shall not have passed away.4.We shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom.5.We pledge the loyalty of faithful friends.6.We shall pay any price, bear any burden7.To assure the survival and the success of libertyassonance (元韵、母韵、半谐音) and antithesis… between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted Third International (1961)antithesis – contrary in meaning but similar in form 对比1.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich2.Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.3.Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.4.And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country.parallelism –ideas are paired and sequenced in the same grammatical form1.Both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom2.Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths and encourage the arts and commerce.3.We renew our pledge of support to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak, and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.4.We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, and oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty.5.A new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace.repetition – repetition of sounds, words, or sentences that can create good rhythm and parallelism to make the language musical, emphatic, and memorable. 反复1.We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.2.Bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.personification1.A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air.2.… it seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it3.5 miles away.3.They flared their nostrils and pranced and boasted to one anothertransferred epithet 移就He had some cheerful wine at the party. He ate with a wolfish appetite.a helpless smile a protesting chair a blind haste1.Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.2.and his choice of a vocation does not cause him any uneasy wonder as towhether or not it will cost him all his friends.3.A bound-less and generous contentment, a magnanimous triumph felt not against some outer enemy but in communion with the finest and fairest in the souls of all men everywhere and the splendor of the world's summer4.The faces of small children are amiably sticky; in the benign grey beard ofa man a couple of crumbs of rich pastry are entangled.5.The others never come close, but peer in at it with frightened, disgusted eyes.synesthesia [.sinəs'θi:ʒiə] 通感the music breathing from her face heavy perfume and noisy color 浓郁的香气和刺眼的色彩He gave me a sour look.1.Children dodged in and out, their high calls rising like the swallows’ crossing flights over the music and the singing.2.One could hear the music winding through the city streets, … bells.exaggeration/ hyperbole [hai'pə:bəli] 夸张1.Perhaps it is because of my up-bringing in English pubs2.In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger.。