常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

常用骨科医学专业英语词汇

骨科ORTHOPEDICS

1、概论INTRODUCTION

*fracture n.骨折

pathological fracture 病理骨折

fatigue fracture 疲劳骨折

*open fracture 开放骨折

close fracture 闭合骨折

*comminuted fracture粉碎性骨折

compressed fracture 压缩骨折

shock n.休克

*deformity n.畸形

tenderness n.压痛

swelling n.肿胀

ecchymosis n.瘀斑

obstacle n.功能障碍

*bonefascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合征infection n.感染

spinal cord injury 脊髓损伤

surrounding nerve 周围神经

*fat embolism 脂肪栓塞

bedsore n.褥疮

arthroclisis n.关节僵硬

ischemic necrosis 缺血性坏死

ischemic contraction 缺血性挛缩

*traumatic arthritis 创伤性关节炎

hematoma n.血肿

*callus n.骨痂

heal n.愈合

*synovitis n.滑膜炎

*ligament n.韧带

*tendon n.肌腱

* pyogenic osteomyelitis 化脓性骨髓炎

*reduction n.复位

*bone traction 骨牵引

*osteoporosis n.骨质疏松

2、上肢骨折FRACTURE OF UPPER EXTREMITIES clavicle n.锁骨

*humerus n.肱骨

*rotation n.旋转

supracondyle n.髁上

blister n.水疱

pulsate n.搏动

thrombus n.血栓

*cancellous n.松质骨

*epiphysis n.骨骺

*injury n.损伤

*joint n.关节stability n.稳定

ulna n.尺骨

radius n.桡骨

metacarpal bone 掌骨

bone graft 植骨

hemostasis 止血

*periosteum n.骨膜

tension n.张力

adhesion n.粘连

*skin grafting 植皮

*arthrodesis n.关节融合

extrusion n.挤压

gangrene n.坏疽

pallor n.苍白、灰白

*amputation n.截肢

plaster n.石膏

paralysis n.瘫痪

bandage n.绷带

2、手外伤HAND TRAUMA

avulsion n.撕脱

*dislocation n.脱位

stiff adj.僵硬

3、下肢骨折与关节损伤FRACTURE OF LOWER EXTREMITIES AND ARTICULAR INJURY

femur n.股骨

adduction n.内收

separate v.分离

cartilage n.软骨

*synovialis n.滑膜

*spinal column 脊柱

5、脊柱及骨盆骨折FRACTURE OF VERTEBRAL COLUMN AND PELVIS

column n.椎体

cervical column 颈椎

*lumber vertebra 腰椎

sacrum n.骶椎

sense n.感觉

movement n.运动

reflect v.反射

*pelvis n.骨盆

6、关节脱位ARTICULAR DISLOCATION congenital dislocation 先天性脱位

pathological dislocation 病理性脱位

*osteoarthritis n.骨关节炎

*total hip replacement 全髋置换术

7、运动系统慢性损伤CHRONIC STRAIN OF MOVEMENT SYSTEM

strain n.劳损

*cystis n.滑囊

*stenosed tenosynovitis 狭窄性腱鞘炎

*ganglion n.腱鞘囊肿

degenerative adj.退行性变

multiply v.增生

abnormal sense 感觉异常

8、腰腿痛和颈肩痛LUMBAGO AND SHOULDER PAINS

stenosed column 椎管狭窄

9、骨与关节化脓感染OSTEOARTICULAR PURULENT LNFECTION

channel n.窦道

drill hole 钻孔

*drainage n.引流

10、骨与关节结核OSTEOARTICULAR TUBERCULOSIS

bone tuberculosis 骨结核

spinal cord compression 脊髓压迫

11、骨肿瘤BONE TUMOR

bone tumor 骨肿瘤

*osteochondroma n.骨软骨瘤

*osteosarcoma n.骨肉瘤

chemotherapy n.化疗

*synoviosarcoma n.滑膜肉瘤

医学英语分科常用词汇

人体解剖学HUMAN ANATOMY

之运动系统LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM

1、中轴骨AXIAL BONES

*bone n.骨

*vertebrae n.椎骨

*cervical vertebrae 颈椎

*thoracic vertebrae 胸椎

lumbar vertebrae 腰椎

*sacrum n.骶骨

coccyx 尾骨

atlas n.寰椎

axis n.枢椎

*sternum n.胸骨

sternal angle 胸骨角

sternal manubrium 胸骨柄

xiphoid process 剑突

*rib n.肋

*thoracic cage 胸廓

2、颅SKULL

*skull n.颅

*frontal bone 额骨*parietal bone 顶骨

*occipital bone 枕骨

*temporal bone 颞骨

*sphenoid bone 蝶骨

*ethmoid bone 筛骨

*mandible n.下颌骨

hyoid bone 舌骨

vomer n.犁骨

*maxilla n.上颌骨

palatine bone 腭骨

nasal bone 鼻骨

lacrimal bone 泪骨

inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲

zygomatic bone 颧骨

*coronal suture冠状缝

*sagital suture 矢状缝

*lambdoid suture 人字缝

orbit n.眶

cranial fontanelle 颅囟

2、附肢骨TARSAL BONES AND EXTREMITAL BONES

*clavicle n.锁骨

*scapula n.肩胛骨

*humerus n.肱骨

*radius n.桡骨

*ulna n.尺骨

carpal bone 腕骨

metacarpal bone 掌骨

phalanges n.指骨，趾骨

*hip bone 髋骨

*ilium n.髂骨

*ischium n.坐骨

*pubis n.耻骨

*femur n.股骨

patella n.髌骨

*tibia n.胫骨

*fibula n.腓骨

tarsal bone 跗骨

metatarsal bone 跖骨

4、关节学ARTHROLOGY

*articulation n.关节

*ligament n.韧带

*flexion n.屈

*extension n.伸

*adduction n.收

*medial rotation 旋内

*lateral rotation 旋外

pronation n旋前.

supination n.旋后

circumduction n.环转

*vertebral column脊柱

*thoracic cage 胸廓

*intervertebral disc 椎间盘

*temporal-mandibular joint 颞下颌关节

*shoulder joint 肩关节

*elbow joint 肘关节

*radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节

*pelvis n.骨盆

*hip joint 髋关节

*knee joint 膝关节

*ankle joint 踝关节

5、肌肉系统MUSCULATURE

(1)肌学系统INTRODUCTION OF MUSCULATURE *muscle n.肌肉

muscle belly 肌腹

tendon n.肌腱

aponeurosis n.腱膜

*fascia n.筋膜

*tendinous sheath 腱鞘

（2）躯干肌TRUNK MUSCLES

trapezius n.斜方肌

latissimus dorsi 背阔肌

erector spinae 竖脊肌

*sternocleidomastoid adj.胸锁乳突的

*scalenus n.斜角肌

pectoralis major 胸大肌

intercostales n.肋间肌

*diaphragm n.膈（肌）

*inguinal canal 腹股沟管

*sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘

（3）头肌HEAD MUSCLES

orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌

masseter n.咬肌

*temporalis n.颞肌

*deltoid n.三角肌

*biceps brachii 肱二头肌

*triceps brachii 肱三头肌

*axillary fossa 腋窝

（4）附肢肌MUSCLES ATTACHED TO EXTREMITTES

*gluteus maximus 臀大肌

piriformis n.梨状肌

*sartorius n.缝匠肌

*quadriceps femoris 股四头肌

triceps surae 小腿三头肌

*femoral triangle 股三角popliteal fossa 腘窝

医学英语分科常用词汇

诊断学——骨关节系统OSTEOARTICULAR SYSTEM

*Codman’striangle 骨膜三角，科德曼三角

H-shaped vertebra,butterfly vertebra 蝴蝶椎Rugger-Jersay vertebra 夹心椎体Scheuermann’s disease 绍尔曼病

Schmorl’s nodu le 施莫尔结节

Shenton’s line 沈通氏线

apophysis n. 骺状突

*arthrography n.关节造影

basilar impression,basilarinvagination 颅底凹陷block vertebra 融合椎

bone island 骨岛

bursography n.泪囊造影

compacta n.骨密度

cortical porosity 皮质骨疏松症craniolacunia,luckenschadel n.颅骨陷窝

*empty sella 空蝶鞍

endosteal proliferation 骨内膜增生

*epiphysis n.骨骺

Intratrabecular resorption 骨小梁内吸收

ivory vertebra 象牙椎

marrow-packing disease 骨髓充填疾病massive osteolysis 大片骨溶解melopheostosis n.蜡油骨症

ossification n.骨化

osteopathia striata 纹骨症

*osteopenia n.骨质减少

osteopetrosis n.石骨症

osteopoikilosis n.斑骨症

pars interarticularis 椎弓峡部

periosteal reaction 骨膜反应

physis n.骨生长端

*pseudofracture, Looser zone n.假骨折

spina ventosa 骨气鼓

spongiosa 骨疏松

woven bone 编织骨

*zone of provisional calcification 临时钙化带Carpal tunnel syntrome腕管综合征Osteoperia：骨质疏松

Hallus vaglus：拇外翻

常用解剖术语[anatomic terms] ?n??t?mik

1、总论[Introduction]

?superior[上] [sju?pi?ri?]

?inferior[下] in?fi?ri?

?Cranial[头侧]

?Caudal[尾侧] ?k?:dl

?anterior[前] ?n?t??ri:?

?posterior[后] p??st??ri:?

?ventral[腹侧] ventr?l

?dorsal[背侧] ?d?:s?l

?medial[内侧] ?mi:dj?l

?lateral[外侧] l?t?r?l

?internal[内] in?t?:n?l

?external[外] eks?t?:nl

?superficial[浅] ?sju:p??fi??l

?profundal[深] pr??f?nd?l

?proximal[近侧] pr?ksim?l

?distal[远侧] dist?l

?ulnar[尺侧]

?radial[桡侧] ?re?di:?l

?tibial[胫侧]

?fibular[腓侧]

运动系统[locomotor (kinetic) system]

?vertebrae[椎骨] cervical vertebrae颈椎

?cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]

?thoracic vertebrae[胸椎] θ?(:)?r?sik

?lumbar vertebrae[腰椎] l?mb?

?sacrum[骶骨] seikr?m

?sternum[胸骨] ?st?:n?m

?clavicle[锁骨] kl?vikl

?scapula (shoulder blade)[肩胛骨] sk?pjul?

?humerus[肱骨] ?hju:m?r?s

?radius[桡骨] reidj?s

?ulna[尺骨] ?ln?

?carpal bone[腕骨] ?kɑ:p?l

?metacarpal bone [掌骨] ?met??kɑ:pl

?phalanges[指(趾)骨] f??l?nd?i:z] Sequestrectomy ?si:kwes?trekt?mi死骨切除（术）Sequestrectomy of humeral head to surgical neck肱骨头至外科颈死骨切除术

Sequestrectomy of phalanges of foot

足趾骨死骨切除术

?hip bone[髋骨]

?ilium[髂骨] ili?m

?ischium [坐骨] iski?m

?pubis[耻骨]

?femur [股骨] ?fi:m?

?patella[髌骨] p??tel?

?tibia[胫骨] ?t?bi:??fibula [腓骨] fibjul?

?articulation[关节] ɑ:?tikju?lei??n

?ligament[韧带] l?g?m?nt

?flexion[屈] Full extension and full flexion should be assessed actively, along with pronation and supination.

应该评估主动的完全伸直和完全弯曲，以及手臂内旋和外转

?extension[伸] iks?ten??n

?adduction[收] ??d?k??n

?abduction[展] ?b?d?k??n

?medial rotation[旋内] r???te???n The seasons follow each other in rotation.

四季循环交替。

?lateral rotation[旋外]

?pronation[旋前] pr?u?nei??n

?supination[旋后] sju:pi?nei??n

?circumductoin[环转]

?vertebral column[脊柱]

?intervertebral disc[椎间盘]

?shoulder joint[肩关节]

?elbow joint[肘关节]

?radiocarpal joint[肩关节]

?radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]

?pelvis[骨盆] pelv?s

?hip joint[髋关节]

?knee joint[膝关节]

?ankle joint[踝关节] ??kl

?muscle [肌肉]

?tendon[肌腱] tend?n

?fascia[筋膜]

?tendinous sheath[腱鞘]

?deltoid[三角肌]

?biceps brachii[肱二头肌]

?triceps brachii[肱三头肌]

?gluteus maximus[臀大肌]

?quadriceps femoris[股四头肌]

?triceps surae[小腿三头肌]

医学英语常用前后缀

?ab-[分离]

▲abduct [外展]

▲abscision[切除]

?acro-[肢端]

▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]

-ad[……侧]

▲ventrad[向腹侧]

▲cephalad[向头侧]

?-algesia[痛觉]

▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退] ?haip?u?l?d?i:si?

?-algia[痛]

▲arthralgia[关节痛] ɑ:?θr?ld?i?

▲cephalgia[头痛]

▲neuralgia[神经痛] nju??r?ld??

?angio-[血管]

▲angiography[血管造影术]

▲angioedema[血管性水肿]

▲angeitis[脉管炎]

▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]

?ante-[前]

▲antenatal[出生前的]

▲anteflexion[前屈]

?antero-[前]

▲anterolateral[前侧壁]

▲anteroventral[前腹侧]

?anti-[抗，反]

▲antibiotics[抗生素]

▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]

?arterio-[动脉]

▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]

▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]

?

arthro-[关节]

▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]

▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]

▲arthritis[关节炎] ɑ:?θra?t?s

?-asthenia[无力]

▲myasthenia[肌无力]

▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]

▲bactericide[杀菌剂]

?

bi-[双]

▲bilateral[两侧的]

?bio-[生命] ▲biology[生物学]

▲biopsy[活检]

?-blast[母细胞]

▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]

▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]

?brachy-[短]

▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]

?calci-[钙]

▲calcification[钙化]

▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症]

?

carbo-[碳]

▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]

▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症]

carcino-[癌]

▲carcinogen[致癌物]

?-centesis[穿刺]

▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]

▲abdominocentesis[腹穿]

cephalo-[头]

▲cephaloxia[斜颈]

?chondro-[软骨] ▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]

▲chondrification[骨软化]

dis-[分离]

▲discission[分离术]

▲disinfection[消毒法]

?-dynia[痛]

▲acrodynia[肢体痛] ?kr??dinj?

?dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]

?-ectomy[切除术]

▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]

?inter-[间]

▲intervertebral[椎间的]

?intra-[内]

▲intravenous[静脉内的]

?lumbo-[腰]

▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]

▲lumbago[腰背痛]

▲lumbodynia[腰痛]

?-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了]

▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]

[?myelo-[髓]

▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]

▲myelocyte[髓细胞]

?myo-[肌]

▲myocarditis[心肌炎]

▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]

?neo-[新]

▲neoplasm[瘤]

?neuro-[神经]

▲neuroma[神经瘤]

?

-oma[肿瘤]

▲osteoma[骨瘤]

onco-[肿瘤]

▲oncology[肿瘤学]

▲oncogene[癌基因]

osteo-[骨]

▲osteomalacia[骨软化]

▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]

?-plasty[成形术]

angioplasty[血管成形术]

?-plegia[瘫]

▲paraplegia[截瘫] ?p?r??pli:d?i?

▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]

pyo-[脓]

▲pyorrhea[溢脓]

▲pyosis[化脓]

radio-[放射]

▲radiotherapy[放疗]

▲radiology[放射学]

rrhagia[出血] ▲hemorrhage[出血]

rrhaphy[缝合术]

▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]

spondylo-[脊椎]

▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]

▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]

vaso-[血管]

▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]

anatomy 解剖学

bone 骨

bone marrow 骨髓brachial a. 肱动脉

brachial plexus 臂丛breiki?l pleks?s capillary

carpal bones 腕骨

carpus

cartilage

cartilage 软骨

cervical plexus 颈丛

cervical vertebrae 颈椎

clavicle 锁骨

coccyx 尾骨

common carotid a.颈总动脉common iliac a. 髂总动脉

common peroneal n. 腓总神经

costal bone 肋骨

deltoid m. 三角肌

dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉

dura mater 硬膜

elbow joint 肘关节

external ear

external iliac a. 髂外动脉

facial n.

fascia 筋膜

fasciculus 纤维束

femur 股骨

femoral a. 股动脉

fibula 腓骨

gluteus maximus m. 臀大肌

gray matter灰质

great saphenous v. 大隐静脉greater sciatic foramen坐骨大孔

hip bone

hip joint 髋关节

humerus 肱骨

ilium 髂骨

internal carotid a. 颈内动脉internal jugular v. 颈内静脉intervertebral disc 椎间盘ischium 坐骨

joint, articulation 关节

knee joint 膝关节

lumbar vertebra

lumbar vertebrae腰椎

lung 肺

metacarpal bones掌骨metatarsal bones 跖骨

osteology 骨学

patella 髌骨

pelvis 骨盆

peroneal a. 腓动脉

phalanges 指骨/趾骨

popliteal a. 腘动脉

pubic symphysis 耻骨联合

pubis 耻骨

radial a. 桡动脉

radiocarpal joint/wrist joint桡腕关节radius 桡骨

rib 肋

sacral plexus 骶丛

sacrum 骶骨

scapula 肩胛骨

sciatic n. 坐骨神经

synosteosis 骨性结合

tarsal bones 跗骨

tendon 肌腱

thoracic vertebra 胸椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎

tibia 胫骨

tibial n. 胫神经

ulna 尺骨

ulnar a. 尺动脉

vertebra 椎骨

vertebral column 脊柱

Colles Fracture 桡骨下端骨折

Dislocation 脱臼

Infectious Arthritis 感染性关节炎

Osteoporosis 骨质疏松症

Asteofascial compartment syndrome 骨筋膜室综合症Abduction splint 外展石膏

Acetabulum 髋臼

Amputation 截肢

Capitula fibula 腓骨小头

Clavicle fracture 锁骨骨折

Closed suction drains 闭式引流

Comminuted fracture of left** 左***粉碎性骨折Comminuted open fracture of talus 距骨的开放粉碎骨折

Common peroneal nerve 腓总神经

Conscious mind 神志清楚

Debridement 清创

Deformity 畸形

Decompression 减压

Decompression of spinal canal 椎管减压Dislocation 脱位

Dorsal artery of foot 足背动脉

External fixture 外固定

Emergency case 急诊病例

Femoral neck 股骨颈

Figure of 8 bandage 8字绷带

Flexion 屈曲

Forklike deformity 餐叉样畸形

Fracture of alner bone 尺骨骨折

Fracture of calcaneus 跟骨骨折

Fracture of distal phalange 远端趾骨骨折Fracture of distal radius 桡骨远端骨折

Fracture of femoral neck 股骨颈骨折

Fracture of great tubercle 肱骨大结节骨折

of humurus

Fracture of proximal femor 股骨近端骨折

Fracture of phalange 指骨骨折

Fracture of radius 桡骨骨折

Fracture of the scaphoid 舟状骨骨折Fracture of the ulna 尺骨骨折

Fracture of ulna ocleranon 尺骨鹰嘴骨折General anesthesia 全麻

Hallux valgus 拇外翻

Hallux varus 拇内翻

High fever 高热

Hemopneumothorax 血气胸

Humeral head 肱骨头

Humeral shaft fracture 肱骨干骨折Hypoesthesia 感觉减退

Ice bag 冰袋

Injection 肌肉注射

lipoma 脂肪瘤

Local anesthesia ??n?s?θi:??局麻

Lower limb (extremuty) 下肢Metacarpophalangeal joint 掌指关节Metatarsal fracture 跟骨骨折

Nifedipine 心痛定

Nitroglyccerin 硝酸甘油

Old fract 陈旧性骨折

Osteoarthritis 骨关节炎

Osteochondrdoma 软骨瘤

Osteomyelitis 骨髓炎

Paraplegia 截瘫

Patellar fracture 髌骨骨折

Pathologie diagnosis 病理诊断Phlebothrombosis fleb?uθ r?m?b?usis下肢静脉血栓Pilon fracture 胫腓骨下端骨折

Plaster slab 石膏托

Pubic symphysis 耻骨支

Pulmanary function 肺功能

Radial head fracture 桡骨头骨折

Radius and ulna 尺、桡骨

Regular operation 常规手术

Sacroiliac 骶髂关节

Skin traction 皮牵引

Spondylolisthesis 脊柱滑脱

Spondylolisthesis of lumber L4-5 L4-5脊柱滑脱Subluxation of ankle joint 踝关节半脱位suture stitch ?su:t??stit?缝针

synovial membrance 滑膜

Taction 触觉

The fifth metacarple bone 第五掌骨基底骨折Tibial fracture 胫骨骨折

Tibial plateau fracture 胫骨平台骨折

Total knee arthroplasty 全膝置换Total hip arthroplasty 全髋置换

Trimalleolar fracture 三踝骨折

Urinary incontinence 尿失禁

Veterbera fracture 椎体骨折

Hip Fracture 髋部骨折

Infectious Arthritis 感染性关节炎

Joints 关节

Knee: Arthritis 膝关节炎

Knee: Joint Pain 膝关节痛

Osteomyelitis 骨髓炎

Foot: Ulcers 脚溃疡

Ankle: Sprain 踝部扭伤

Ankle Fracture 踝部骨折

Sciatica 坐骨神经sai??tik?

. A month or so in plaster and then a little massage and therapy, and we'll have your ankle and you as right as a trivet. θer?pi trivit

打一个月左右的石膏，然后做点按摩和理疗，我们会让你的踝部和身体恢复健康

Her ankle swelled up after the fall.

她跌倒后脚踝肿了起来。

As if scalding her arm wasn't enough, she went and broke her ankle the next day.

她烫伤了手臂还不算，竟然在第二天出去摔伤了踝节部。

Can we slow down and walk for a bit? I'm getting a stitch.

咱们放慢速度步行一会儿好吗? 我觉得腰部突然一阵剧痛。

Will you stitch a button on this shirt?

请你在这件衬衫上钉一颗钮扣好吗？

The prevention and the alleviation sheds the phlebothrombosis.

预防和缓解褪部静脉血栓形成。