英语二模拟练习(一)

2013年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语（二）

模拟试卷（一）

（课程代码00015）

本试卷共7页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答卷前必须将自己的姓名和准考证号写在答题卡上。

必须在答题卡上答题，写在试卷上无效。

第一部分：阅读判断（第1~10题，每题1分，共10分）

下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并在答题卡上相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Black Holes

Most scientists agree that black holes exist but are nearly impossible to locate. A black hole in the universe is not a solid object, like a planet, but it is shaped like a sphere. Astronomers think that at the center of a black hole there is a single point in space with infinite density. This single point is called a singularity. If the singularity theory is correct, it means that when a massive star collapses, all the material in it disappears into the singularity. The center of a black hole would not really be a hole at all, but an infinitely dense point. Anything that crosses the black hole is pulled in by its great gravity.

Although black holes do exist, they are difficult to observe. These are the reasons.

● No light or anything else comes out of black holes. As a result, they are invisible to a telescope.

● In astronomical terms, black holes are truly. For example, a black hole formed by the collapse of

a giant star would have an event horizon only 18 miles across.

● The nearest black holes would be dozens of light years away from Earth. One light year is about

6 trillion miles. Even the most powerful telescopes could not pick out an object so small at such a great distance.

In 1994 the Hubble Space Telescope provided evidence that black holes exist. There are still answers to be found, however, so black holes remain one of the mysteries of the universe.

1. Black holes are part of space.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

2. Black holes exist but are difficult to observe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

3. The black hole is shapeless as it is not a solid subject.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

4. The center of a black hole is empty.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

5. The attraction of two large stars leads to gravity.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

6. Black hole can absorb everything that crosses it because of its gravity.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

7. The sun is the heaviest star in the universe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

8. Nothing can come out of black holes.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

9. The nearest black holes are hundreds of light years away from us.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

10. The Hubble Space Telescope helps scientists to understand the nature of the universe.

A. True

B. False

C. Not Given

第二部分：阅读选择（第11~15题，每题2分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请从短文后多给各题的4个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。

The world is full of new horrors and there’s no place to hide. Who says so? Disaster psychologists, for a start. They are the people who take in the big picture of our collective reactions to human-created disasters, the ways these reactions are caused, and our coping mechanisms. And research into disaster psychology is growing fast.

Among the big issues addressed by these researchers are understanding the terrorists’weapons, assessing the full impact of terrorism –and, most importantly, working out which psychological approaches actually work. It’s a deeply controversial（有争议的）area.

Take the work of Dennis Embry as an example. He argues that we have overlooked the obvious: the purpose of terrorism is to create terror. This works best “if the very symbols of everyday life become conditioned fear and anxiety stimulant”. The top targets will be the most symbolic of a nation’s daily life, preferably served up for prime-time（黄金时间）television. Crashing planes from United and American Airlines into the Twin Towers and the Pentagon（五角大楼）from 8:46 a.m. on met those objectives all too perfectly. After the attacks, people stopped flying. Why? Not because they had made a rational risk assessment but because the mere thought of flying made their palms sweat.

From terrorism to rail crashes, counseling and “debriefing”（问询）are the standard response to help those caught up in disasters. But there are growing doubts about their effectiveness. What might be going wrong? Debriefing focuses on getting people to talk through the shocking experience and its emotional consequences soon after the incident. Could it be that some people are better off distancing themselves from what happened, rather than reliving it?

If disaster psychologists want to find better ways to help, they’ll have to win the race between our understanding of human psychology and the terrorists’.

11. Disaster psychology is concerned with how to ____.

A. avoid human-created disasters

B. cope with reactions to disasters

C. minimize the negative effects of disasters

D. prevent growing terrorism

12. What is the biggest concern of the disaster researchers?

A. Describing people’s reactions to disasters

B. Studying the causes of disasters

C. Finding the effective psychological ways for the victims

D. Examining weapons used by terrorists

13. Why does the author mention the terrorist attack on the Pentagon?

A. To illustrate how terrorists reach their goal of creating panic among people

B. To compare it with the Twin Towers

C. To analyze its significance in national defense

D. To demonstrate how the famous buildings are attacked

14. The reason why people stop flying after the terrorist attacks is that ______.

A. they are scared of flying

B. they believe in rational risk assessment

C. their palms will become too sweaty for them to fly

D. they can’t decide which airline will be the safest

15. Counseling and debriefing may not be effective methods because _____.

A. there exist many conflicting opinions about their results

B. they are proved harmful to some people by many researchers

C. some people may hide their true feelings

D. some people may feel better to forget the disasters

第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16~25题，每题1分，共10分）

阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：（1）从第16~ 20题后所给的6个选项中为第①~⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）从第21~25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Friendly Relations with the People Around

①You depend on all the people closely around you to give you the warm feeling of belongingness that you must have to feel secure. But, in fact, the members of all the groups to which you belong also depend on you to give that feeling to them, a person who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound (一定的) to be a lonely wolf.

②The need for companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point, however, is that keeping emotionally healthy does not depend so much on having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.

③Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don’t know them. when the game is over, you will go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling of companionship, of sharing the feeling of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.

④An experience of this kind gives the clue(线索) to what companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy, understanding, trust, and affection. Companionships become friends

when these ties are formed.

⑤When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintance(熟人), you may not know with whom you will make friends, but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.

Task 1:

16. Paragraph 1_____.

17. Paragraph 2_____.

18. Paragraph 3_____.

19. Paragraph 4_____.

20. Paragraph 5_____.

A. Close link between companionship and belongingness

B. Relationship between people around you and yourself

C. An example of a satisfying relationship

D. Difficulties in establishing friendships

E. What companionship really is

F. Making friends with new acquaintances

Task 2:

21. The warm feelings of belongingness ____.

22. If you had no one to share your feelings, your life ____.

23. The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you ____.

24. Companionship has close relationship with _____.

25. You will find it hard to make friends with people ____.

A. would be sad and lonely

B. emotionally health

C. without real love for them

D. may give you a sense of security

E. a lonely wolf

F. sympathy, trust and affection

第四部分：填句补文（第26~30题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

American Dream

There is a common response to America among foreign writers: the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliché (陈词滥调).

In the land of black and white, people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone. (26) No class system or government stands in the way.

Sadly, this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.

The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. (27)

Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent, however, it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. (28)

Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California, incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969.

(29) This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population, it is the highest percentage in the developed world.

Yet the tax burden on Ameri ca’s rich is falling, not growing. (30) There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.

A. Nobody is poor in the US.

B. The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since

1980.

C. For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.

D. Now it is 9.8 times.

E. As it does so, the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.

F. All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.

第五部分：填词补文（第31~40题，每题1.5分，共15分）

下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

Most of us trade money for entertainment. Movies, concerts and shows are enjoyable but _31__. If you think that you can't have a good time without spending a lot of money, read on. A little resourcefulness and a few minutes of newspaper-scanning should give you some pleasant surprises.

People may be the most interesting show in a large city. _32___ through busy streets and see what everybody else is doing. You will probably see people from all over the world; you will __33__ see people of every age, size, and shape, and you'll get a free fashion show, too. Window-shopping is also a __34__ sport if the stores are closed.

Check the listings in your neighborhood paper. Local colleges or schools often __35__ the public to hear an interesting speaker or a good __36__. The film or concert series at the local public library probably won't cost you a penny. Be sure to check commercial advertisements too. A flea market can provide hours of pleasant looking round. Perhaps you can find a free cooking or __37__ crafts in a department store.

Plan ahead for some __38__. It is always more pleasant not to have people in front of you in a museum or at a zoo. You may save some money, too, since these places often __39__ aside one or two free admission days at slow times during the week. Make sure that you are including the indispensable __40__ that people travel miles to see. If you feel like taking an interesting walk, find a free walking tour, or plan one yourself.

A. expensive

B. debate

C. activities

D. set

E. wander

F. safe

G. valuable

H. addition

I. welcome J. confidently K. sights L. certainly

第六部分：完形补文（第41~50题，每题1.5分，共15分）

下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。

Working Is a Blessing

I grew up in Lakeland, LA, one of 12 children. We all ____41___ (live) on my parents’

参考答案：1-5 AABBC

6-10 ACABA

11-15 BCAAD

16-20 BACEF 21-25 DABFC

26-30 FEDCB

31-35 AELFI 36-40 BGCDK

41. lived

42. grew

43. helping

44. complaining

45. harder

46. feeling

47. important

48. Going

49. having

50.farmer