英美文学基础考研真题(A卷答案)
二O 一四年招收硕士研究生入学考试试题A卷
考试科目及代码：英美文学基础（代码：857）
适用专业：英语语言文学；外国语言学及应用语言学
答题内容写在答题纸上，写在试卷或草稿纸上一律无效。考完后试题随答题纸交回。
考试时间3小时，总分值 150 分。
参考答案及评分标准
Ⅰ Multiple Choice（24 points, 1 point for each）每题1分，共24分。
1. C
2.A
3.B
4.D
5.A
6.B
7. C
8.D
9. C 10.A 11.C 12. D 13.D 14.D 15.C 16.B
17. C 18. D 19. A 20. A 21. B 22. D 23.B 24. A
II Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the context. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
(1 point for each, 15 points in total)
1. poetry
2. English
3. Lyrical Ballads
4. dominant
5. heredity
6. stream-of-consciousness
7. Iceberg
8. Songs of Experience
9. greatest
10. Imperialism
11. marriage
12. Y ossarian
13. transcendentalism
14. The American Scholar
15. death/doom
III Define the following literary terms (choose just three terms). Write your answers on your answer sheet. (7 point for each question, 21points in total)(注意：请任选三题作答，多回答的题不给分！如有多答的题，请在答题纸上用笔划掉，否则改卷时将按照答题的顺序评分。)
参考答案要点
1.Iambic pentameter: A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb—that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Iambic pentameter is the most common verse line in English poetry. （7 points）
2. Alliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant sounds in poetry. （7 points）
3. Protagonist: The central character of a drama, novel, short story, or narrative poem. The protagonist is the character on whom the action centers and with whom the reader sympathizes most. Usually the protagonist strives against an opposing force, or antagonist , to accomplish something. （7 points）
4. Naturalism: An extreme form of realism. Naturalistic writers usually depict the sordid side of life and show characters who are severely, if not hopelessly, limited by their environment or heredity. （7 points）
IV Read the following two poems carefully and write your answers to the corresponding questions on your answer sheet. (30 points in total)
参考答案要点
Poem 1
QUESTIONS:
1. These lines are taken from Frost’s poem entitled______. （5 points）Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
2. In the poem, the rhyming scheme of the first stanza is _____ .（5 points）
aaba
3. Who is He in the first line of the poem? （5 points）
The horse
Poem 2
QUESTIONS:
4. These lines are taken a poem written by ______. （5 points）
William Butler Yeats
5. In the poem, what does “the Second Coming” mean? （5 points）
"The Second Coming" means the coming of Jesus Christ.
6. Translate the first 9 lines into Chinese.（5 points）
确乎有某种启示近在眼前；
确乎“再度降临”近在眼前。
“再度降临”！这几个字尚未出口，
蓦地一个巨大形象出自“世界灵魂”，
闯入我的眼界：在大漠的尘沙里，
一个狮身人面的形体，
目光似太阳茫然而冷酷，
正挪动着迟钝的腿股；它周围处处
旋舞着愤怒的沙漠野禽的阴影。
V Choose and answer ANY3 of the following questions with adequate details from the works related.Write your answers on your answer sheet.
(20 point for each question, 60 points in total) (注意：请任选三题作答，多回答的题不给分！如有多答的题，请在答题纸上用笔划掉，否则改卷时将按照答题的顺序评分。)
(For wrong spelling of a key word, 0.5 point will be subtracted, otherwise neglected; if a writer’s name should be given, either the last name should be given out correctly or the full name should be correct.)
1. Make brief comments on Gulliver’s Travels. (20 points)
参考答案要点
the name of the writer (5 points) , main plot (5 points) , and brief comment on the work (5 points) .It is a satire on politics, history, science, human nature and English society (5
points)
2. What are Walt Whitman’s contributions to American literature? (20 points) 参考答案要点
The answer can include any or all of the following points:
1. his contribution to poetry by writing free verse; (5 points)
2. his contribution to writing on those subjects which might be not
regarded as acceptable in American literature; (5 points)
3. the national spirit (such as democracy, individualism, optimism,
etc. )as reflected in his poems. (5 points)
4. his period. (5 points)
3. What do you know about Byronic hero? (20 points)
参考答案要点
A proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. (5 points)
Carrying on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, (5 points), Rising single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules (5 points)
either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. (5 points)
4. Introduce Desire Under the Elms. (20 points)
参考答案要点
the style of the work (novel, short story or a play, etc) (5 points) and the name of the writer (5 points) , main plot (5 points) , and brief comment on the work (5 points) .
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Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s’separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.
考研英美文学必做9道题
1.What is in the book “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” that makes Hemingway say that all modern American literature comes from this book? (这个题找了2个小时，实在是找不到了。看看下面的会不会有所帮助) (海明威写的Green Hills of Africa中的原文)All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn. If you read it you must stop where the Nigger Jim is stolen from the boys. That is the real end. The rest is just cheating. But it's the best book we've had. All American writing comes from that. There was nothing before. There has been nothing as good since. The best work that Mark Twain ever produced is, as we noted earlier on, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. It tells a story about the United States before the Civil War, around 1850, when the great Mississippi Valley was still being settled. Here lies an America, with its great national faults, full of violence and even cruelty(n. 残酷；残忍；残酷的行为), yet still retaining the virtues of …some simplicity, some innocence(n. 清白，无罪；天真无邪), and some peace.? The story takes plac e along the Mississippi River, on both sides of which there was unpopulated(adj. 无人居住的) wilderness(n. 荒地) and a dense forest(密林). It relates the story of the escape of Jim from slavery and, more important, how Huck Finn, floating along with him and helping him as best he could, changes his mind, his prejudice about black people, and comes to accept Jim as a man and as a close friend as well. At the heart of Twain?s achievement(n. 成就；完成；达到) is his creation of Huck Finn, who embodies(v t. 体现) that mythic(adj. 神话的；虚构的) America, midway(n. 中途；娱乐场adj. 中途的adv. 中途) between the wilderness and the modern super state. 2.Is Mr. Bennett in “Pride and P rejudice” a positive figure? Why or why not? (这是原题答案，第一句为第一问，剩下的是第二问) Mr. Bennet?s chief characteristics are an iron ic detachment(n. 分离，拆开；超然；分遣；分遣队) and a sharp, cutting wit. The distance that he creates between himself and the absurdity(n.荒谬的言行；谬论；) around him often endears(v t. 使…受钟爱；使…亲密) him to the reader and parallels the amused detachment with which Austen treats ridiculous(adj. 可笑的；荒谬的) characters such as Mr. Collins and Lady Catherine. To associate the author?s point of view with that of Mr. Bennet, however, is to ignore his ultimate failure as a father and husband. He is endlessly witty(adj. 诙谐的；富于机智的), but his distance from the events around him makes him an ineffective parent. Detached humor may prove useful for handling the Mr. Collinses of the world, but it is helpless against the depredations(n. 掠夺；破坏，破坏痕迹) of the villainous (but likable) Wickham. When the crisis of Lydia?s elopement(n. 私奔；潜逃) strikes, Mr. Bennet proves unable to handle the situation. Darcy, decent(adj. 正派的；得体的；) and energetic(adj. 精力充沛的；积极的；有力的), and the Gardiners, whose intelligence, perceptiveness, and resourcefulness(n. 足智多谋) make them the strongest adult force in the novel, must step in. He is a likable(adj. 可爱的), entertaining character, but he never manages to earn the respect of the reader. 3.Discuss the theme of Fitzgerald’s "The Great Gatsby".(at least 200 words) (两个主题，有上千字，我不知道怎么概括，我把对每个主题描述的第一段话写在下面了)