Unit8 语法精讲精练
Demi Moore is famous__________her film Ghost and Michael but Jordan is famous__________a basketball player. （搭配；介词）
A.for；for
B.for；as
C.as；as
D.as；for
They brought some food and drink___________they could have them on the way.
A.though
B.since
C.so that
D.because （目状）
Earth Day__________in 1970 to tell us to protect the earth.
A.sets up
B.set up
C.is set up
D.was set up （语态/时态）
It’s our duty to save___________energy and produce_________waste.
A.more；less
B.less；more
C.more；fewer
D.most；least（比较）
—What about going on a trip this weekend?
—Well，it all_____________the weather.
A.belongs to
B.happens to
C.depends on
D.carries on（搭配）
I’ve used up all my paper and I need to buy some. Here“used up”means_____________.
A.ate up
B.ran out
C.ran of
D.ran out of（搭配）
According to one of our school rules，students are not__________to smoke.
A.ordered
B.refused
C.allowed
D.told （语态/搭配）
My dream hometown is a place_________any pollution.
A.with
B.without
C.out
D.in（介词）
If you want to join the club，you will__________pay a lot of money.
A.be made
B.be made to
C.make
D.make to（语态/搭配）
Loss of health is more__________than loss of money.
A.difficult
B.easy
C.funny
D.serious （比较）
—You don’t want others to drop litter around，do you？
—____________. It ’s not good to pollute the environment.
A.Yes，I do
B.I don’t.
C.Yes，I don’t
D.No，I do（反意）
She didn’t use the plastic bag.__________，she took a lovelu shopping basket with her.
A.And
B.Or
C.Instead
D.So（副词）
Jimmy didn’t go to the party last night because he____________.
A.aren’t invited
B.hasn’t invited
C.didn’t invite
D.wasn’t invited（语态）
It’s________interesting subject among them. Few students choose it.
A.most
B.the most
C.least
D.the least（最高级）
—Look at the clouds！Is it going to rain？
—_________.he radio says that we’re getting into the rainy season now.
A.I’m afraid so
B.I’m afraid not
C.That’s impossible
D.Of course not（末）
—__________ I borrow these magazines？
—Sorry，only the magazines over there can be borrowed.
A.Must
B.Would
C.May
D.Need（情态动词）
It’s really a good way to save water__________reusing it.
A.in
B.by
C.with
D.for（介词）
More and more people are used to__________their own bag to go shopping.
A.take
B.taking
C.taken
D.took（搭配）
Don’t be sad about missing the competition. You____________a second chance.
A.will give
B.will be given
C.have given
D.were given（将/语态）
What a waste it is if the paper is thrown away without__________?
A.recycle
B.recycled
C.recycling
D.being recycled
What can we do to help keep the country____________？
A.cleaning
B.to clean
C.clean
D.is cleaning（搭配）
Waste water and gas___________a lot of problems in many areas.
A.causes
B.causing
C.has caused
D.cause（主谓时B）
Don’t discuss the problems with your partner unless you__________to do so.
A.ask
B.are asked
C.will ask
D.will be asked（语态）
Do you agree that every one of us___________the duty to reduce pollution?
A.have
B.has
C.had
D.has had（宾从：时B）
He didn’t work___________，so he wasn’t chosen as the leader of the group.
A.hard enough
B.hardly enough
C.enough hard
D.enough hardly（副词）
It’s known to all that TV sets have___________for many years.（时态）
A.in use
B.in used
C.been in use
D.been in used
Don’t go out alone if your parents_________you to do so.
A.will allow
B.allow
C.won’t allow
D.don’t allow（时从）
I won’t throw the old bike away___________it can’t be used any more.
A.unless
B.if
C.when
D.because（条从）
The report says in some cities，the air is___________pollution.
A.filled
B.filled of
C.full of
D.full with（搭配）
________the tap when brushing teeth can save water.
A.Turn on
B.Turn off
C.Turning on
D.Turning off（时从+伴随）
My grandpa used to play________violin after dinner，but now he is used to playing_________chess with me.
A.不填；a
B.the；不填
C.the；the
D.the；a（冠词）
No free plastic bags in the supermarkets helps to________white pollution.
A.reduce
B.remove
C.provide
D.produce（动词：词义）
I cannot hear the radio clearly. Would you please___________？
A.turn it on
B.turn it down
C.turn it up
D.turn it off（搭配）
—What’s the matter？
—They said I was not allowed______here. They don’t allow_________in the waiting room.
A.smoking；to smoke
B.to smoke；smoke
C.to smoke；smoking
D.smoking；smoking （搭配）
—Peter，I think we need to buy a new car.
—Oh，no！We are__________out of money，you know？
A.trying
B.going
C.getting
D.running（搭配：刘）
—The box is too heavy to carry. What’s in it？
—Oh，it is_________books.
A.filled with
B.covered with
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed for
D.asked for（搭配）
—Your bedroom is so dirty. Would you please____________，Peter？
—OK，mum. I’ll do it right away.
A.set it up
B.set up it
C.clean up it
D.clean it up（搭配）
E—mail，as well as telephones，_______________an important part in daily communication. A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play（时态：刘）
Mary was very interested in Sichuan hot food_____________his stay in China.
A.when
B.while
C.before
D.during（介词）
—I am sorry，I am late.
—____________，we have few minutes left.
A.Never mind
B.You don’t sorry
C.You shouldn’t sorry
D.Not sorry（末）
The Chinese government has taken_____________to prevent the spread of the bird flue.
A.step
B.steps
C.action
D.something（搭配:刘）
She raised her voice____________everyone heard her.
A.such that
B.so that
C.in order that
D.in order to（结状从）
Three films______________in that small village next month.
A.have shown
B.are shown
C.were shown
D.will be shown（语态/时态）
We have to obey the traffic rules._____________，we will be fined.
A.But
B.Moreover
C.Otherwise
D.However（副词）
—_____________.（末：刘）
—Thanks，I will.
A.Wish you happy journey.
B.Give my best wishes to your parents
C.Thank you for your help
D.You got the first prize. Congratulations!
The factory____________its waste into the river，but now it recycles the waste in a new way. https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to put B.is used to put https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to putting D.is used to putting（搭配）
—We must act now because time is__________.—Yes.Let’s start.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ing out
B.giving out
C.cutting out
D.running out （搭配：综A）
—You__________be happy with the strong public support you’ve received.
—Yes，you’re right.I’m really excited.
A.must
B.may
C.can
D.need（情态动词）
—What’s the name of the song you sang just now？It__________beautiful.
—It is When Christmas Comes to Town.
A.was sounded
B.sounded
C.was heard
D.heard（系动词）
It is a bad habit to leave the office without__________the lights.
A.putting out
B.closing
C.taking off
D.turning off（搭配）
—Many trees____________last year.
—Yes，we must do something to stop people from doing it.
A.are cut down
B.have cut down
C.were cutting down
D.were cut down（语态/搭配）—May we leave the classroom now？（情态动词/搭配）
—No，you___________. You__________to leave until the bell rings.
A.can’t；aren’t allowed
B.mustn’t；are allowed
C.needn’t；are allowed
D.needn’t；aren’t allowed —Which sport are you in at the school sports meeting？
—No decision yet. I think it________after discussing it with Mr Zhao.
A.was decided
B.will be decided
C.will decide
D.is decided（语态/时态）
The heavy rain________so many traffic accidents on the highway last Monday.
A.made
B.allowed
C.caused
D.let（动词词义）
A lot of new roads________in order to develop the village in the next five years.
A.are going to build
B.is built
C.will build
D.are going to be built（语态/时态）
The visitors are very__________to see so many changes___________.
A.surprised；are taken place
B.surprising；take place
C.surprised；take place
D.surprising；are taken place （形容词辨析/搭配）
Peter tried on three jackets，but__________of them fitted him well.
A.all
B.both
C.none
D.either（代词）
We can ask people__________the environment by_________them the beauty of natures.
A.protecting；showing
B.to protect；showing
C.to protect；to show
D.protecting；to show （搭配/介词）
John’s flat was very dirty and he was told by his mother___________.
A.clean it up
B.clean up it
C.to clean it up
D.to clean up it（代词）
The task_________in an hour. Then we can go home and have a good rest.
A.was finished
B.will be finished
C.has been finished
D.can’t be finished（时态/语态）—You’d better not eat too much salt. It’s sad for your health. —_______________.
A.Not at all
B.You’re welcome
C.It doesn’t matter
D.Thanks for your advice（末）
In the piano test，my brother didn’t play well and I did____________.
A.very well
B.much better
C.very good
D.even worse（比较：综B）
—____________important news survey you’ve done！—Thank you.
A.What an
B.How an
C.How
D.What（感叹句）
At last the boy was made_________and began to laugh.
A.stop crying
B.to stop to cry
C.to stop crying
D.stop to cry（搭配）
All the____________things need air and water. Without air or water，nothing can stay_________.
A.living；living
B.living；alive
C.alive；alive
D.alive；living （形容词辨析）Many money__________when we start to reuse water and paper.
A.will save
B.was saved
C.has saved
D.will be saved（时态/语态综B）
The difference________these two pictures are easy__________.
A.in；to see
B.from；seeing
C.between；to see
D.of；seeing （介词/be+adj+to）—My uncle goes to climb Mount Tai every year.
—Oh，really？He___________climbing mountains.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to have
B.is used to hating
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to hating
D.is used to hate（搭配）
—Have you__________food？
—Yes，out food_________，so we must buy some in the supermarket.
A.run out of；has run out
B.run out of；has run out of
C.run out；has run out
D.run out；to give up （搭配；介词）
There are no teachers___________the students__________their studies.
A.allow；give up
B.allowed；to give up
C.allowing；give up
D.allowing；to give up（搭配）
—Is Tom coming to our evening party?
—He should，but he___________not. It’s said that he’s leaving early tomorrow for New York. A.must B.can C.need D.may（情态动词）
—The T—shirt looks nice_________you! How much does it__________？
—I just________ten dollars for it.
A.for；cost；paid
B.on；cost；spent
C.for；take；afforded
D.on；cost；paid（动词：近意辨析）
Old people should be looked after well and_________politely.
A.spoken
B.spoken on
C.speak to
D.spoken to（语态）
The cakes in the restaurant_________，so they____________well.（系动词；表状态）
A.are tastes good；are sold
B.are tasted well；sell
C.taste nice；sell
D.taste good；are sold
Yesterday he___________to the top of the mountain to see the sun___________.
A.climbs；rising
B.to climb；rising
C.climbed；rising
D.climbed；is risen（时态/搭配）—I’m going to a party on Thursday night at Jimmy’s house.
—_____________! You’ll have two tests at school on Friday.
A.It’s nice to say so
B.That’s exciting
C.You can’t be serious
D.Enjoy yourself （末）Today people are encouraged（鼓励）to__________paper，plastic and water for a better environment.
A.make
B.recycle
C.waste
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,e（动词：词义）
As we know，the underground in our city_______.
A.will use
B.will be in used
C.will be in use
D.will in use（介词）
More money__________when we use both sides of paper.
A.will save
B.was saved
C.has saved
D.will be saved（语态/时态）
—Bob，your room is a real mess（杂乱）！
—I’m sorry. I’ll____________right away.
A.clean up
B.clean up it
C.be clean up
D.clean it up（介词）
We should do what we can___________our city clean.
A.to keep
B.keep
C.keeping
D.kept（目状）
—Do you have Jay’s CDs？
—Sorry，they are____________. Bur we’ll get some more next week because they___________.
A.sold well；are on sale
B.sold out；sell well
C.selling well；sell well
D.for sale；sell well （语态/搭配/性质）
—We must act now because time is___________. —Yes.Let’s start.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ing out
B.giving out
C.putting out
D.running out（搭配：卓A）
Lucy，___________her twin sister，__________reading very much.
A.like；like
B.likes；likes
C.like；likes
D.likes；like（介词）
I have no idea about__________the broken computer. Can you give me some advice？
A.what to do with
B.how to do with
C.what to do about
D.how to do about（宾从）Our environment is changing for___________，so it’s time for us to go green.
A.the worse
B.the worst
C.the better
D.the best（比较级卓A）
The food in the bridge_______________bad. Throw it away，please.
A.is smelt terrible
B.smells terribly
C.smells terrible
D.is smelt terribly（系动词）
We should__________the lights when we are going to sleep.
A.turn on
B.turn down
C.turn off
D.turn up（搭配）
People have realized how important the environment is，but still trees__________in the world every year.
A.were cut down
B.cut down
C.are cut down
D.will be cut down（时态/语态）
Some new types of energy___________very little，such as energy from the sun and wind.
A.spend
B.spends
C.cost
D.costs（动词辨析/主谓一致卓A）
He was seen________some rubbish everywhere at the corner of the street.
A.throw
B.to throw
C.to be thrown
D.threw（搭配/语态）
We have_______up early in order to catch the early bus.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to get
B.been used to get
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed for getting
D.been used to getting（搭配）
We should do something to protect our earth. Little waste should________in our everyday life. A.be reduced B.be limited C.be produced D.be recycled（搭配/动词词义）
_____a new bridge_____across the river by the end of this year？
A.Will；build
B.Will；build
C.Is；going to build
D.Is；going to be built（语态）—Sixteen-year-olds_____________to drive in China.
—But in America，they can.
A.is allowed
B.is not allowed
C.are allowed
D.are not allowed（语态/主谓一致卓A）—Shall we join in the Green World Summer Camp？—______________
A.Good idea
B.You’re welcome
C. Not at all
D.Never mind（末）
Beijing honest is the first__________if you want to make friends with others.
A.job
B.time
C.hand
D.step（名词词义）
I think_________necessary to learn about how to protect the environment.
A.it
B.this
C.that
D./（形式宾语）
We have collected many old clothes. They__________to the poor or________to factories for recycling.
A.will give；send
B.will be given；sent
C.will give；be sent
D.will be given；send（语态）
Boys and girls，please_________the following questions carefully and then tell me the answers.
A.think for
B.thinking for
C.think about
D.thinking about（祈使句）
If farmers_________the bamboo forests，giant pandas may not have a place to live or food to eat.
A.cut down
B.will cut down
C.cut off
D.will cut off（时从/搭配卓B）
The film made by Wait Disney__________all over the world.
A.is used to show
B.is used to showing
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to show
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ed to be shown（搭配）
—Do they know anything about Switzerland？
—Of course. ______________Jack__________Jim has been there twice.
A.Both；and
B.Not only；but
C.Not；but also
D.Not；but（连词）
_________good news it is! I feel so__________.
A.What；exciting
B.What；excited
C.What a；exciting
D.What a；excited（感叹句）I’ll leave him a note_________he’ll know where we are.
A.so that
B.in order to
C.as a result
D.otherwise（结果状语从句）
___________have you____________the polluted water?
A.How；done with
B.What；done with
C.How；done to
D.What；done to（搭配）
_________foreign students are from America，_____________are from France，________________are from Germany.
A.Some；other；and others
B.Some；some；and some
C.Some；other；the others
D.Some；some；and others（形容词/名词/特指泛指卓B）
Luckily，the government has made many___________to protect the environment.
A.action
B.advice
https://www.360docs.net/doc/1815288394.html,ws
D.rights（搭配：卓B）
In order to go green，free plastic bags are not__________for shoppers.
A.given
B.shown
C.taken
D.provided（搭配：卓B）
It’s impossible for you to________. You should do it on your own.
A.depend him
B.depend him on
C.depend on him
D.depend from him（代词：卓越B）More people____________in the future if the air isn’t_____________.
A.will hurt；cleaned up
B.will be hurt；cleaned up
C.will hurt；clean up
D.will be hurt；clean up（语态：卓B）
Before you leave the office，everything should be put_____________.
A.in the place
B.in place
C.in place of
D.in the place of（搭配：卓B）
We can protect the environment by___________.
A.recycling
B.reducing
C.reusing
D.all of the above（动词词义：卓B）
—_______________did the company donate to build the school library？
—About three__________yuan.
A.How much；millions
B.How many；million
C.How much；million
D.How many；millions（数词）
—If there are___________people driving，there will be__________air pollution.
A.less；less
B.less；fewer
C.fewer；fewer
D.fewer；less（比较：卓B）
—We should recycle paper and empty bottles. It can help the environment.
—____________.It can save money，too.
A.It’s nothing
B.Best wishes
C.I agree
D.I’m afraid so（末）
Giving up smoking____________（reduce）the risk of heart disease.（一般现在）
Recently air pollution____________（become）one of the biggest problems in our city.（完）The young man works 10 hours a day but he___________（pay）less than he expects.（语态）I’m surprised to find that the price of bread__________（rise）by 15% recently.（完）
All the students have tried their best to get more goals at the sports meeting since it___________（hold）.（语态/时态）
—Have you finished your homework，Lucy？
—Not yet，Mum. I_________________（it）at once.（将）
Oil___________（form）over thousands over years，won’t it. （时态/语态卓A）
While_____________（watch）TV，we heard much noise outside the house.（伴随）
The juice is not good___________（drink）on a cold winter morning.（be+adj+to，卓A）Wherever the Browns went during their visit，they_____________（give）a warm welcome.（从句？？？？）
We______________（notice）the problems already，and they will be discussed at the meeting.（完）
The number of the workers___________（reduce）from 1000 to 800 last year.（过：卓B）
If the environment around us__________________（not improve），more people will be harmed in the future.（条从）
He has been used to____________（choose）public transport to work every day.（搭配）
Have you found out what___________________（cause）the fire.（过：卓B）
Qingfeng Baozi is hot now and it_____________（sell）well.（性质）
The governments have done what they can_______________（help）us stop the sand storm. Many old textbooks_______________（throw）away every year. What a great waste it is!（语态）—Look！The boys over there______________（drop）litter around.
—Let’s go and ask them not to do so.（进）
Don’t park your car here，or you___________（fine）by the police.（类似条从）
We shouldn’t put plastic or paper into the dustbin before____________（separate）them.（介词）Some laws____________（make）every year to protect the environment.（语态）
They will talk about how_____________（organize）a show for the Environment Week.（宾从）Peter never forgot to turn off the lights when he___________（leave）the room.（时从）
When the teacher came in，I stopped reading and____________（look）at her.（并列连词）
Tom is very hard-working. He______________（design）five posters for the activity so far.（完）It’s so noisy. Go and see what they________________（discuss）（进）
A lot of students have taken part in the activity since the video about it______________（display）.（语态/完）
It’s said a dog won’t bite until someone____________（hurt）it.（时从时A）
The less pollution we produce，the better our environment____________（be）.（类似条从）
I don’t know if he______________（join）us collecting rubbish tomorrow. We need more hands.（宾从）
A survey can_____________（make）if you want to know more about the matter.（条从/语态时B）
Water pollution，as well as air pollution，_______________（cause）many problems so far.（完）I think your success_____________（depend）on how hard you work.（宾从：时B）
It’s said that scientists have found a new type of energy that_____________（not run）out.（不会时B）
The drivers_____________（fine）last night because of driving too fast in the city.（语态）How unlucky he is_____________（lose）the new mobile phone while shopping！（感叹句+be+adj+to）
Would you please_____________（not separate）us？We’d like to work together.（情态）
The twins______________（discuss）where to do the voluntary work this weekend in the room.（进）
I’m sure you can study better after_____________（form）the good habit.（介词）
It is impossible for her_____________（finish）reading the book within an hour.（be+adj+to）Are you used to____________（get）up at 6 a.m.？（搭配）
—I phoned you at six last night，but no one answered.
—I____________（have）a walk in the park that time.（进）
I don’t know how______________（organize）a party. Can you help me？（宾从）
Today，the forests have almost gone. People must______________（stop）from cutting down too many trees.（语态）
After_____________（work）for ten hours，he felt quite tired yesterday.（介）
Tom was very sorry for being late. But the teacher’s smile made him_____________（feel）better.（搭配）
There___________（be）great changes during the past two years.（完）
—Alice，you____________（want）on the phone.（语态）
—I’m coming. Thanks.
It is three years since Peter’s mother_____________（die）.（完）
You must spend as much time as you can____________（practise）playing the piano.（搭配）—Where’s my daughter？
—Don’t worry. She_______________（chat）with my little son happily,.（进）
You______________（fine）by the police if you break the rules in the street.（语态）
_____________（limit）the number of cars is a useful way to deal with（处理）the air problem.（动名词做主语/主谓一致）
Jimmy________________（dig）a hole in the garden when I went to see him.（时从）
How often______________the Olympic Games_______________（take）place？（一般现在）The waste_______________（separate）into different groups before being thrown into the bin.（语
态：综A）
If no paper is used in business，at least one million tons of paper_____________（save）.（语态）How boring it is______________（listen）to such a useless report！（感叹句+be+adj+to综A）Hurry up if you need to go to the toilet. The plane__________（take）off in a minute.（将：综A）—_____________you___________（hand）in the report yet?
—Yes，I put it on your desk shortly after lunch.
—When shall we go to watch the basketball match in the sports center？
—Not until the work____________（complete）tomorrow.（语态/时从）
He has long wished to go to Dalian，but he_____________（not have）the chance yet.（完）People should try to save energy by_______________（not leave）lights on all the time.（介）The star______________（ask）many strange questions and got angry at last.（过）
Could you tell me how soon the visitors from the USA______________（arrive）here.（宾从）All food can make a person fat if too much_______________（eat）（语态）
The storm was so sudden that they did not have time____________（get）home.（搭配）
Can you tell me where those children_______________（play）hide—and—seek at this time yesterday.（宾从+过进）
It is said that a new big bridge across the river_______________（build）in a few years.（宾从/将）
When I was young，my father told me that sound________________（travel）through air at a speed of about 340 metres per second.（宾+客）
Look！The children______________（chat）happily under the big tree.（现进）
人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)
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2018年高考英语语法复习精讲三(动词时态和语态)
2018高考英语动词时态和语态精讲精练 在高考英语中，动词的时态和语态是重中之重，试题在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文语境中考查时态和语态。要了解几种时态的一些常规规则，答题时要研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其要注意时态的呼应情况。 时态主动语态形式被动语态形式 一般现在时am/is/are/do/does am/is/are done 一般过去时was/were/did was/were done 现在完成时has/have done has/have been done 现在完成进行 时 has/have been doing/ 现在进行时am/is/are doing am/is/are being done 过去进行时was/were doing was/were being done 过去完成时had done had been done 将来完成时will/shall have done will/shall have been done 一般将来时will/shall do am/is/are going to do am/is/are coming/leaving am/is/are to do am/is/are about to do will/shall be done am/is/are to be done 过去将来时would do was going to do was coming/leaving was to do was about to do would be done was/were to be done 将来进行时will/shall be doing/ 考点1一般现在时 一般现在时表示动作的经常性或真理；表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；在条件、时间、让步状语从句中用一般现在时或现在完成时表示将来；表示预计或规定；方位副词或介词短语放在句首，主语是名词，且全部倒装时，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作；还可使用于文学作品和文学评论中。练一练：用所给词的适当形式填空： ①I'll go there after I________(finish)my work. ②The water will be further polluted unless some measures________(take)． ③My train________(leave)at6：30. ④A snow________(expect)to come next week. ⑤Here________(come)the bus. ⑥This kind of cloth________(wash)well. ⑦Don't take it away.It________(belong)to me. ⑧He said water________(boil)at100℃. 考点2一般过去时和现在完成时 一般过去时(标志词：yesterday，just now，last year，the other day等)表示动作发生在过去，和现在毫无关系。 现在完成时(标志词：since，in the past/last years，just，recent(ly)，lately，so far＝up to now＝up until now＝by now，already，yet，several/many/...times)则强
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一名词的分类： 1.名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 二，名词变复数： 2 名词复数的不规则变化1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。 b. news 为不可数名词。 c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。 The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。 d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如： "The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。 5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。 6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼。 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。 5. 定语名词的复数 名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。 1) 用复数作定语。例如： sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室talks table 谈判桌the foreign languages department 外语系2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。 例如：men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如： goods train （货车）arms produce武器生产customs papers 海关文件clothes brush 衣刷4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如： two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划
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