第24届韩素英翻译大赛译文

第24届韩素英翻译大赛译文
第24届韩素英翻译大赛译文

重思建筑暂时性

我们往往认为建筑是永恒的,是对纪念碑地位的渴求。那种建筑有它的地位, 不同种类的建筑也同样如此。

对于21世纪的头十年大部分时间来说, 建筑是关于大楼的声明。建筑无论是一个有争议的纪念,还是一个豪华得不可思议的公寓大楼,其存在的原因就是创造一个永久的印象。建筑一直是永恒的代名词,但事实上它应该是这样的吗?

在过去的几年里,相反的观点可能是真的。建筑正处于完全的至低点,主要依据稀少而遥不可及。能引起新闻的建筑是快速而飞逝的的: 弹出式商店,食品车,市场,表演空间。虽然许多风格的表现形式已经失去了吸引力(如,一个玩具反斗城弹出店),目前有一个不可否认的机会:这是对不断变迁文明的恰当反应。

和许多流行趋势一样----共同消费(又名,“共享”),社区花园,易货贸易-“临时”是如此的复古以至于变得激进了。

在11月,我有幸和利物浦大学的一名研究便携式临时移动建筑的大师-----Robert Brandenburg 见面,他主持了Moonie . Moonie是南加利福尼亚建筑大学的一个专门小组. 作者的一个搁架上放满了关于建筑这个话题的书籍,包括“灵活:架构,响应变化”、“便携式架构:设计和技术”和“房屋的议案:“创世纪”Brandenburg痴迷于此。

也许所有的建筑不应追求永恒的构思,是建筑的一个巨大的转变。没有负担,建筑师,设计师,建筑商和开发商可以更快地利用当今的技术。建筑可以重复使用,回收和可持续。以这种方式转变,它能更好地解决看似不可解决的问题,还成功地创造一种地方感。

在他的报告中,Brandenburg提供了便携式的临时建筑如何应用于人类活动的各个方面的例子,包括卫生保健(从弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的重新设计的医院,到在甘乃迪政府期间,作为移动医疗诊所的气流拖车),住房(从蒙古包帐篷建筑师坂茂的震后纸屋),文化和商业(布景和伟大的展览建筑,塞纳河边古老的Burinists,移动食品,提供一切的从故事记录到美味的cryème brutes的艺术和音乐场馆。)

Brandenburg做了一个令人信服的论证,实验所固有的这种结构挑战先入为主的观念,即建筑物可以而且应该是什么。策略性,他解释说,“适应不可预测的要求,提供更多的不足,并鼓励创新。”他强调,它的时间为最终用户,设计师,建筑师和建筑公司,制造商重新考虑他们对待临时,便携和移动结构的态度。

这对于建筑是真正的发展和城市规划。城市建构应该在像丹尼尔伯翰或罗伯特,摩西的大师规划者的桌子上的一起发生,但真的不是像发生在今天的那种方式。没有一个单一的计划可以预见因为日益多样化的人口或通过短期的,实验的努力可以实现的弹性,反应能力和灵活性的演变和多样化的需求。这并不是说长期规划没有它的作用。这两项工作同时并进地开展得很好。麦克林登,主要的街道计划协会创始人,认为注射自发性纳入城市发展,并认为这些作为短期的行动临时措施(他所称的“战术城市主义”)影响长期的变化。

虽然已经有了巨大的媒体重视快速和廉价的项目如旧金山和纽约的“路面排水沟的咖啡馆,”莱登看到的东西比饲料板块风格大。“很多事情不仅仅是乐趣和凉爽,”他说。“这不仅仅是一个自下而上的努力。这不是自己动手的城市主义。这是一个被雇用的所有不同的尺度的,连续的想法,技术和战术。”

“我们看到许多这些事情出现的原因有三个,”莱登继续。“一,经济。人们更富有创造性,做事。二,互联网。四或五年前,我们无法通过YouTube或脸谱网分享策略和技巧,。有些事可能会在随即发生,现在我们可以听到它了。这是在促进这个想法的生长,约克郡和旧金山的双向沿海的竞争说明谁是凉的,更好的东西。三,人口变化。城市社区的温和化和改变。

他们把人们寻找改善社区自己。聪明人每周从事工作40小时。但他们有足够的闲暇时间来参与建筑,这似乎是一个自然的一步。”

林登不提倡结束规划但鼓励更多的短期行动,试验,测试(这可以是一个更为令人满意的替代来让项目通过)。虽然这可能不是直接改变现有的代码或分区的规定,不过没关系,因为,作为弱势的解释,“闪亮的做法采用直接光对旧的思考方式,起作用的老政策.”

建设一个更好的块,很快便从微小的基层集体的一个积极的合作伙伴在城市的事情——已经表明,当暴露你的弱点,改变发生。如果他们的临时措施违反现有的代码,建立一个更好的块只描绘了一个标志告诉行人的事实。他们改变了规则,以这种方式。有时不总是-官僚主义走开,让真正的改变发生。

检测出来的东西也可以帮助开发人员图表正确的项目。林登说,“一个开发者可以真正了解什么是工作在社区从市场角度-它真的可以通知或改变自己的计划。希望他们能交心的邻里和社区建设。有真正的潜力,如果开发商找真的这样做。”

他们是。布鲁克迪卡尔布市场,例如,本来应该在的地方只有三岁,但成为一个社区中心,没有太多的人之前。“人们倾向于它,”莱登。“人们喜欢去那里。您运行的风险,人们哀悼失去的。开发人员会聪明将像花园社区- [给居民]的机会将越来越多的食物的网站。电台可以得到一个永久性的空间。啤酒花园可以保存。”

三藩的代理项目是类似的。零售,餐饮文化空间设在一个巧妙的结构设计的集装箱,信封架构和设计,给出了一个五年临时的家国有空地在开发商选择坐在衰退。经适房是承诺的网站;开发者现在可以创建它的附近,已越来越充满活力和步行。

在更大的规模,对于检测的主要发展被测试来说,这些想法的试验和错误中, 虽然等待了很不景气,民间被测试住户和使用在其第五和使命的位置,这是(现在仍然是)在三藩纪事报,现在也有组织的办公空间,艺术馆艺术交叉点,高科技公司广场和一点点食品车喂那些饥饿的,勤劳的租户。几年前,更有可能抛出了一个办公楼与一些豪华公寓顶上叫它一天:根据一个公司的副总裁,在舞台上,经济衰退花费时间“重新想象地为我们的新兴经济和什么样的环境,有助于促进。”

在“干涉主义的工具包里,”评论家咪咪格尔写道,对于为自己动手的城市规划专家干预来说,真正的成功不会建立在任何一个项目的基础上,但将会在“我们可以评估建立在推广,经济影响,社区营造,创业,可持续设计的基础上的行动时发生。但我们现在还没到时候。”她是对的。也没有寻找不仅失败并且如此灾有难性的临时项目的例子,(参见:例如,卡特丽娜飓风的拖车)。战术的都市生活的一个巨大的理论涉及到政治。作为一个医生说,“我们正在做这些事情来打击政府缓慢发展。”

但这一切都是超过一个响应机构;在它的最佳状态,这是自由的思维和创造力的一个大胆的表达……并且这些天没有足够的行动。临时和战术的一个包围的可能不是完美的,但它可能是城市建设中最强大的工具库之一,我们已经有了。

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Irritability is the tendency to get upset for reasons that seem – to other people – to be pretty minor. Your partner asks you how work went and the way they ask makes you feel intensely agitated. Your partner is putting knives and forks on the table before dinner and you mention (not for the first time) that the fork should go on the left hand side, not the right. They then immediately let out a huge sigh and sweep the cutlery onto the floor and tell you that you can xxxx-ing do it yourself if you know better. It was the most minor of criticisms and technically quite correct. And now they’ve exploded. There is so much irritability around and it exacts a huge daily cost on our collective lives, so we deserve to get a lot more curious about it: what is really going on for the irritable person? Why, really, are they getting so agitated? And instead of blaming them for getting het up about “little things”, we should do them the honour of working out why, in fact, these things may not be so minor after all.

湖北省英语翻译大赛

01)The house cost him an arm and a leg. 这套房子花了他很多钱。 02)Tom was given the axe. 汤姆被解雇了 03)We live out of cans. 我们靠罐头食品过活。 04)He went to bed with the chickens. 他很早上床睡觉。 05)It’s time to put on the feedbag. 吃饭时间到啦. 06)Please give me a bottle of Adam’s ale.请给我一瓶水。 07)It’s your baby, not mine. 那是你的任务,不是我的。 08)Her re-election is in the bag. 她在改选中已稳操胜券。 09)He is a ball of fire. 他精力充沛。 10)The story happened before the Flood. 故事发生在远古时代。 11)I don’t know the ABC of computers.我对电脑一窍不通。

12)His parents are going bananas at him. 他爸妈快被他气疯了。 13)Don’t pass the baby to me. 不要把责任推卸给我。 14)She employed a tender foot to help her. 她请了一个新手帮她。 15)玛丽是个马屁精 Mary is an apple polisher. 16)Don’t make yourself in the shit. 不要自讨没趣。(原意:不要自找麻烦。) 17)Mike is a lady killer. 迈克是个师奶杀手。 18)Ok, let’s talk turkey. 好吧,让我们开诚布公地谈谈。 19)He led a dog’s life. 他过着穷困潦倒的生活。 20)This music in the film is easy on the ear. 电影里的音乐很动听。 21)We held a back-street meeting. 我们开了一个秘密会议。 22)That boy never says uncle. 那个孩子的嘴特硬。

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老来乐 Delights in Growing Old 六十整岁望七十岁如攀高山。不料七十岁居然过了。又想八十岁是难于上青天,可望不可即了。岂知八十岁又过了。老汉今年八十二矣。这是照传统算法,务虚不务实。现在不是提倡尊重传统吗? At the age of sixty I longed for a life span of seventy, a goal as difficult as a summit to be reached. Who would expect that I had reached it? Then I dreamed of living to be eighty, a target in sight but as inaccessible as Heaven. Out of my anticipation, I had hit it. As a matter of fact, I am now an old man of eighty-two. Such longevity is a grant bestowed by Nature; though nominal and not real, yet it conforms to our tradition. Is it not advocated to pay respect to nowadays? 老年多半能悟道。孔子说“天下有道”。老子说“道可道”。《圣经》说“太初有道”。佛教说“邪魔外道”。我老了,不免胡思乱想,胡说八道,自觉悟出一条真理: 老年是广阔天地,是可以大有作为的。 An old man is said to understand the Way most probably: the Way of good administration as put forth by Confucius, the Way that can be explained as suggested by Laotzu, the Word (Way) in the very beginning as written in the Bible and the Way of pagans as denounced by the

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