托福写作词汇分类

托福写作词汇分类
托福写作词汇分类

二. 知识与教育

(一)知识与智能

knowledge,n.知识,学问;认识;知道

knowledge acquisition 知识获取

knowledge hierarchy 知识体系

structure of knowledge 知识结构

comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识

scope of knowledge 知识面

value of knowledge 知识价值

knowledge industry 知识产业

knowledge management 知识管理

the aging of knowledge 知识老化

spread scientific knowledge 传播科学知识

thirst for knowledge 求知欲

Knowledge is infinite./There is no limit to knowledge.学无止境(学海无涯)。

knowledgeable n.知识渊博的;有见识的

become knowledgable and professional 知识化、专业化

erudition n.博学,博识;学问;知识

erudite a.博学的,有学问的;n.博学之上,有学问的人

learned a.有学问的,博学的;精通某门学科的

a learned man 学者

learning n.知识;学问

book learning 书本知识

a man of great learning 博学之上,学问高深的人

have little learning 学识浅薄

an emergent branch of learning 一门新兴的学问

episteme n.(哲)知识

epistemic n.(哲)(关于)认识的;(关于)知识的

letters n.[用作单或复]文学;学问;文化修养

a man of letters文人

lore n.学问,知识;(有关某一学科的)全部知识

scholarship n.学术成就;学问,学识;奖学金

scholarly a.学者气质的;学者风度的

academic a.学术的;大学的,学校的;学会的;n.大学教师,学究式人物 academic achievements 学术成就

academic discussion 学术讨论

academic report 学术报告

academic freedom 学术自由

international academic exchanges 国际学术交流活动

academic value 学术价值

an academic authority 学术权威

academic atmosphere(discipline) 学风

academic motivation 学习动机

academic performance 学习表现,学业成绩

academic credentials 学业证书(文凭)

academia n.学术界;学术生活

academe n.学术界;学术生活;大学,学院;学究

intellectual n.知识分子;a.智力(活动)的;理智的

intellectual circles 知识界

intellectual education 智育

the intellectual faculties 智能

intellectual development 智力发展

intellectual property 知识产权

stratum of intellectual 知识阶层

the intelligentsia (总称)知识分子,知识界

aptitude n.能力,才能;敏悟

intelligence n.智力,智能;聪明

intelligence quotient=IQ智商

intelligence bank/think tank/ brain trust/repository 智嚷团

brains n.智力;智慧

have a clear brains 脑袋好使

mental a.脑力的,智力的;精神的

mental faculties 智力

mental deficiency 智力迟钝

mental health 精神健康

mentality n.智力;智能

persons of average mentality智力一般的人

wit n.智力,才智,智慧

A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一堑,长一智。wisdom,n.智慧,才智;明智

the collective wisdom of the people人民的集体智慧acumen,n.敏锐;聪明

brightness n.聪明;智慧

cleverness n.聪明

perspicacity n.敏锐,聪颖

perspicuity n.聪颖,敏锐

core competencies 核心能力

thinking ability 思考能力

independent thinking 独立思考

ability of expression 表达能力

discernment,n.洞察力;识别力

insight n.洞察力;见识

intuitivism,n.洞察力

imagination n.想象;想象力

potential a.潜在的; n.潜能,潜力

potential resources 潜在的资源

with great potential 非常有潜力的

potentiality n.[用作复]潜力,潜能

bring all potentialities into full play 充分发挥一切潜力genius n.天才,天赋;天才人物

prodigy n.天才(特指神童)

gift n.天赋,天资;才能

have a gift for 对……有天赋

a gift for languages 语言天赋

gifted a.有天赋的;有才华的

innate a.天生的,生来的,(头脑中)固有的;天赋的

be endowed with给予,赋予

be endowed with courage(ability) 有勇气(能力)

versatile a.多才多艺的;有多种技能的

a versatile man 多面手

rounded a.(常用于构成复合词)(在兴趣、能力等方面)发展全面的a well-rounded student全面发展的学生

elite, n.<总称)杰出人物,精英;a.杰出的,出类拔萃的

the elite of society 社会知名人士

elite culture 精英文化

malleable a.可塑的;有延展性的

discerning a.有眼力的,有洞察力的;聪明的

rational a.理性的,出于理性的

perceptual knowledge and rational knowledge 感性认识和理性认识lopsided a.不平衡的;不对称的

lopsided views 片面的观点

lopsided development不平衡的发展

literacy n.识字;有文化;读写能力

literate a.有文化的;有读写能力的;n.学者

illiteracy n.文盲,未受教育;无知

wipe out illiteracy 扫除文盲

illiterate a.不识字的,没受教育的;n.文盲

ignorant a.无知的,没有学问的,愚昧的

an ignorant person无知的人

ignorance n.无知,愚昧

sheer ignorance of sth 对某事的全然无知

from ignorance 出于无知

ignoramus n.毫无知识的人;笨蛋

(二)教育与学习

education n.教育(学);培养;训练

compulsory education 义务教育

preschool education 幼儿学前教育

bilingual education 双语教学

get a decent education 接受良好的教育

higher education 高等教育

vocational education 职业教育

further education 延续教育

family education 家庭教育

life-long education 终生教育

system of education 教育制度

transformation of education/reform in education 教育改革input in education 教育投入

quality education 素质教育

student-oriented education 以学生为中心的教育

Internet education 网络教育

online education 在线教育,网络教育

tele-education/distance education 远程教育

educational a.教育的;教育性的

educational mission 教育使命

educational effect 教学效果

educational expenditure 教育开支

educational fund 教育基金

educational circles 教育界

educational investment 教育投资

educational innovation 教育革新

non-profit educational institutions 非盈利性的教育机构educate vt.教育;培养

uneducated 没有受过教育的,无知的

be well-educated 受过良好教育的

distance learning 远程教育

educative a.有教育意义的;起教育作用的;教育(上)的educator n.教育(学)家;教育工作者;教师

education(al)ist n.(主英>教育(学)家;教育工作者schooling n.学校教育;教育

shorten the period of schooling 缩短学制

have much(1ittle)schooling 受教育很多(很少)

schooling bureaucracy 教育官僚

schooling expenditure 教育开支

teach vt.讲授,教;教育;vi教书,教学

teach the piano 教钢琴

teach children by examples 用榜样教育儿童

teaching n.教学(SE作),讲授;教诲;a.教学的

earnest teaching 谆谆教诲

g0 into teaching 从事教学工作

take up history teaching 担任历史教学

traditional way of teaching 传统教学方式

cramming teaching 应试教学

raise teaching standards 提高教学水平

heuristic teaching 启发式教学

interactive teaching 互动式教学

teaching methods 教学法

teaching patterns 教学模式

teaching principles 教学原则

teaching staff 教育工作者

impart vt.传授

impart knowledge to sb.把知识传授给某人

inculcate vt. 谆淳教诲

instruct vt.教;训练;指导

instruct sb.in how to use the computer 教某人如何使用电脑instruction n.教育;指导

programmed instruction 循序教学(按教程循序渐进的教学方法) Computer Aided Instruction=CAI 计算机辅助教学

instructional a.教育的;教学的

instructional resources 教育资源

instructive a.有教育意义的;有启发性的

instructive experience(1essons) 有益的经验(教训) instructive books 有教育意义的书籍

bring up 教育,培养

cultivate vt. 培养;磨练(才能等)

well-cultivated 有教养的

direction/guidance n.指导

pedagogy n.教学法;教育学;教学,教育工作

pedagogics n.[用作单]=pedagogy n.教育学;教学法;教学tertiary a.(主英)高等教育的,大学教育的

tertiary level高等教育水平

learn vi.学习;vt.学习,学会

have an insatiable desire to learn 学而不厌

Live and learn.学无止境(活到老,学到老)。

The more you learn,the less you feel you know.学然后知不足。learning n.学习

aim of learning 学习目的

be good at learning 善于学习

learning environment 学习环境

learning pace(rhythm) 学习节奏

programmed learning 循序学习

study n.学习;攻读;研究(项日或课题);(常作studies)学业;vt学,学习,攻读;讲.学习,求学

the study of a foreign language 外语学习

pursue one's studies 求学

further studies 深造,进修

study momentum 学习动力

study law 学习法律

study to be a doctor 学医

study in(at)school 在校求学

study for the sake of application/study sth.in order to apply it学以致用

discontinue one’s studying 辍学

communication n.沟通,交流;传达

two-way communication 双向交流

enlighten vt.启发,开导;启蒙

enlightened a.开明的;进步的;有知识的

enlightening a.有启发作用的;使人获得教益(或增进知识)的enlightenment n.启发;教导;开明

inspire vt.鼓舞;激励;使感悟;vi.赋予灵感

inspire sb.with courage 鼓起某人的勇气

inspiring n.鼓舞人心的;激发灵感的

inspiration n.灵感;启示

edification n.(尤指道德或精神方面的)教诲;启迪;熏陶

systematic a. 有系统的,系统化的,成体系的;有条理的,有计划步骤的Rudimentary a.基本的;初步的

rudimentary knowledge 基础知识(初步知识)

mandatory a.强制性的;义务的

constructive a.建设性的;积极的

a constructive suggestion 建设性的建议

inoculate vi.向……灌输

inoculate sb.with an idea 把一种想法灌输给某人

inoculation n.(思想等的)灌输

instill vt 逐渐灌输

instill a sense of responsibility in children给孩子灌输责任意识instillment n.灌输

indoctrinate vt.向……灌输

indoctrinate sb.with a belief把一种信仰灌输给某人

indoctrination n.灌输;教导

duck-stuffing a.填鸭式的

rote n.死记硬背;机械的做法,生搬硬套

learn by rote死记硬背地学习

dogma/doctrine n.教条

dogmatism/doctrinairism n.教条主义

dogmatist/doctrinaire n.教条主义者

heuristic a.启发式的

interactive a.相互(作用、影响、交流)的;交互式的

acquisitive a.(对知识、财富)渴望得到的;贪婪的

be acquisitive of knowledge渴求知识

inquisitive a.好询问的;爱钻研的;好奇的;n.好奇爱问的人

an inquisitive person爱打破沙锅问到底的人

curiosity n.好奇(心);求知欲

arouse(gratify)sb.’s curiosity about sth.引发(满足)某人对某事物

的好奇心

concentrate vt.集中,聚集;vi集中,全神贯注

concentrate one's attention(efforts)on sth.把注意力(精力)集中于某事上concentrate on(upon)one's work 全神贯注地工作

concentrated a.全神贯注的;全力以赴的

immerse vt. 使专心于

be immersed in专心致志于

preoccupation,n.全神贯注,入神;使人全神贯注的事物

take one's preoccupation with 专心致志于

dedicated a.献身的;一心一意的

a dedicated scholar 富有献身精神的学者

devote vt.把……奉献,把……专用

devote oneself to 献身于,致力于,专心于

devoted a.献身……的;专心……的

years of devoted research 多少的潜心研究

wholeheartedly adv.全心全意地;全神贯注地

wholeheartedness n.全心全意;全神贯注

distract vt.分散(注意,思想等);使分心

distract sb.from doing sth.使不能专心,使分心

distraction n.注意力分散,分心

distracting a.分心的,注意力分散的

detract vt.转移;使分心

detract attention 转移注意力

lax a.不严格的;松懈的

lax discipline 松懈的纪律

laxity n.松懈,松弛

laxity in discipline 纪律松懈

laissez-faire,laisser-faire n.(法)放任主义;a.放任主义的,自由放任的

well-disciplined a.纪律严明的

restrain oneself 约束自己

rigid a.严厉的;严格的

a rigid teacher 严师

rigorous a.严峻的;严厉的,严格的;严谨的,严密的

stand up to the rigorous tests of any kind 经受住各种严峻的考验rigorous rules 严格的规则

rigorous scholarship严谨的治学

strict a.严格的,严厉的;严谨的,严密的

be strict with oneself 对自己严格要求

stringent n.严厉的,严格的

make stringent rules 制订严格的规则

criticize v.批评,责备

criticism n.批评,批判

corporal a.肉体的,身体的

corporal punishment体罚

commend vt & vi称赞,赞扬

commend sb.upon his diligence 表扬某人勤奋

commendable/laudable a.值得称赞的

praise n.表扬,赞扬;vt.&vi.赞扬

win high praise 受到高度赞扬

be highly praised for 因……受到高度赞扬

praiseworthy a.值得赞扬的,可嘉的

a praiseworthy act 值得称赞的行动

nonsensical a.无意义的;荒谬的

paradoxical a.荒谬的

absurdity n.荒谬;谬论

indispensable n.不可缺少之物;a.不可缺少的,绝对必要的

indisputably adv.无争论余地地

golden time 黄金时代

ivory tower 象牙塔

school n.(中、小)学校,专科学校;(大学)学院;上学

school days 学生时代

school-age children 学龄儿童

a boarding school 寄宿学校

public(private)school 公立(私立)学校

fee-paying schools 收费学校

the Law School 法学院

college n.(综合大学中的)学校;(独立的)学院;(美)大学;(英)公学,高等专科学院

university n.(综合)大学

prestigious university著名大学(名校)

on-line university网络大学

coeducation n.男女同校

individuality,n.个性;个人特性

personality n.个性;人格

a man with a strong personality 个性强的人

development of personality 个性发展

speciality n.专业;特长;特殊才能;专门研究

specialize vi.专门研究,专攻;成为专家

He specializes in chemistry.他专门研究化学。

specialized a.专门的;专科的

specialized course 专业课程

specialized knowledge 专科知识

classmate/schoolmate n.同学

roommate n.同室者,室友

companionship/fellowship/friendship n.友谊

undergraduate n.本科生

postgraduate n.研究生

instructor/instructress n.<美)大学讲师

faculty n.(高等院校或系的)全体教员及有学衔的行政人员;(大学的)系,科

professorate n.教授之职位或聘期;(总称)全体教授

chair n.大学教授的职位

reader n.(英国大学的)高级讲师

readership n.(主英)高级讲师职位(或身份、资格)

system of life-long tenure 终身制

admission /enrollment /entrance n.入学

be enrolled in 入学

tuition n.学费

living expenses 生活费

matriculation,n.录取入学;(大学的)入学考试

course arrangement 课程安排

course of study学业

elective(compulsory)subjects(courses)选修(必修)科目

hundred-mark system 百分制

the credit system 学分制

credit hours学分时

busywork/homework/ schoolwork{assignment n.作业

assessment n.评估;考核

forms of assessment 考核形式

evaluation,n.评价,评估

oral(written)test 口(笔)试

testing techniques 应试技巧

testee/examinee n.应考人,应试者

tester/examiner n.考试者;主考官

examination n.考试,考查

entrance examination 入学考试

competitive examination 答辩考试

pass(fall)an examination 及格(不及格)

people with high marks and poor ability高分低能的人exert too much pressure on施加过多压力

plagiarism n.抄袭,剽窃

plagiarize v.抄袭,剽窃

feedback n.反馈;反馈的信息

dropout n.(口)中途退学;退学生

extracurricular a.课外的;业余的

extracurricular activities课外活动

spare time/free time/leisure time 闲暇时间,业余时间campus life 校园生活

baffle vt.困惑;阻碍;为难

bewilder vt.使迷惑,使不知所措

bewilderment n.困惑;迷乱;为难

nonplus([复]nonplus(s)es)n.迷惑;窘境

put sb.to a nonplus 使某人为难

stand at a nonplus 进退维谷(左右为难)

be nonplus(s)ed over sth.对某事一筹莫展

perplexed a.困惑的,不知所措的

perplexity n.困惑

puzzle v.(使)迷惑;(使)为难

puzzlement n.迷惑

quandary n.窘境;犹豫不定

be in a quandary about(as to)sth.对某事左右为难dilemma n.窘境,困境,进退两难

be in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地

panacea n.万能药

Technology is not a panacea for all problems.技术不是解决一切问

题的灵丹妙药。

have a keen interest in 热衷于

acquaint oneself with 熟悉,了解

familiarize,familiarise vt. 使熟悉,使通晓

take sth.into consideration考虑

follow suit 跟着做,照着做,学样

broaden one's scope of knowledge 扩大知识面

enrich one's knowledge 丰富知识

widen one’s horizon(perspective) 开阔视野

promote self-betterment 促进自我完善

improve supervision and guidance 改进监督和指导

lay a solid foundation for 为……奠定坚实的基础

stand on one's own legs 自立

independence n.独立,自立,自主

be independent of one's parents 不依赖父母而自立

stand out the crowd 脱颖而出

tap the potential 挖掘潜能

the blind worship of authority 盲目崇拜权威

challenge the authority 挑战权威

surmount(overcome,win over)difficulties 克服困难

No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most

important aspect of his life.没人能否认这一事实:教育是人生最

重要的一方面。

An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that

education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意

识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。

When it comes to education,the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终

生的学习过程。

托福写作词汇

写作关键用词及短语汇总

数量词 一些a range of ; a variety of ; a series of ; an array of 无数innumerable ; countless 许多plenty of ; many ; much ; a great deal of ; a lot of ; ample 非常多(大)的tremendous 依序列举list in sequence 时间词 过时的outdated ; antiquated ; outmoded ; obsolete ; anachronistic 短暂的ephemeral ; transitory ; transient ; short-lived 不合时宜的anachronism 可持久的durable ; able to stand wear ; last a long time 一再time after time ; again and again 初始的preliminary 前述的aforementioned ; aforesaid ; former 自古到今from ancient times to the present day ; down through the ages 年轻人young people ; youngster ; youth ; young adult 老式的old-fashioned ; out of date ; dated 偶尔from time to time ; now and then ; once in a while ; at times 时常often ; frequently ; repeatedly 永远的eternal ; perpetual ; lasting throughout life 重整办事优先顺序reshape priorities 目前so far ; by far 一次就可完成的事one-time event 正/反意见(opinion) 骂yell at ; reprimand ; chide ; scold ; reprove 支持support ; endorse ; back up ; uphold 谴责condemn ; express strong disapproval of 错的mistaken ; erroneous ; wrong incorrect 错事wrongdoing ; had acts ; misbehavior 做相反的do the reverse of ; do the opposite 归咎blam e…on ; put the blam e on … ;…is to blame 瓦解disintegrate ; break up ; separate into small parts 支持某一方in favor of ; on the side of 不会犯错的infallible 意见不和clashes of opinion 一致的unanimous ; in complete agreement 不恰当inappropriate ; improper ; unsuitable ; inadequate 批判criticize ; blame; find fault with ; make judgments of the merits and faults of…我们想念…we are convinced that…; we are certain that.. 我愿意I incline to; I am inclined to; I am willing to; I tend to 有用的useful ; of use; serviceable; good for; instrumental; productive 有意义的meaningful; fulfilling 他们不愿承认这一点they have always been reluctant to admit thi s… 在大家同意下by common consent of… 否定deny; withhold; negate 承认admit; acknowledge; confess; concede 于事无补of no help; of no avail; no use 使…受益benefit…; do good t o…; is good for…; is of great benefit t o… 成语及俗语及搭配方式 想法frame of mind; mind set; the way one is thinking 想出come up with 找出come up with; find out 利用use; take advantage of

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22. glamorous 富有魅力的 23. gorgeous 辉煌的 24. impressive 令人印象深刻的 25. incompatible 不和适宜的 26. indifferent 冷漠的 27. indispensable 不可或缺的 28. inexhaustible 取之不尽的 29. infectious 传染性的 30. influential 有影响力的 31. inhumane 不人道的 32. innocent 多管闲事的, 无辜的 33. instructive 智力的 34. intellectual 智力的 35. interpersonal 人际间的 36. irreparable 不可弥补的 37. luxurious 奢侈的 38. mature 成熟的 39. misleading 误导的 40. misrepresented 不如实叙述的 41. money-oriented 拜金的 42. nourishing 有营养的 43. old-fashioned/out of date 过时的 44. perilous 危险的 45. permissive 宽容的;许可的 46. pornographic 色情的

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二. 知识与教育 (一)知识与智能 knowledge,n.知识,学问;认识;知道 knowledge acquisition 知识获取 knowledge hierarchy 知识体系 structure of knowledge 知识结构 comprehensive knowledge 全面的知识 scope of knowledge 知识面 value of knowledge 知识价值 knowledge industry 知识产业 knowledge management 知识管理 the aging of knowledge 知识老化 spread scientific knowledge 传播科学知识 thirst for knowledge 求知欲 Knowledge is infinite./There is no limit to knowledge.学无止境(学海无涯)。 knowledgeable n.知识渊博的;有见识的 become knowledgable and professional 知识化、专业化 erudition n.博学,博识;学问;知识 erudite a.博学的,有学问的;n.博学之上,有学问的人 learned a.有学问的,博学的;精通某门学科的 a learned man 学者 learning n.知识;学问 book learning 书本知识 a man of great learning 博学之上,学问高深的人 have little learning 学识浅薄 an emergent branch of learning 一门新兴的学问 episteme n.(哲)知识 epistemic n.(哲)(关于)认识的;(关于)知识的 letters n.[用作单或复]文学;学问;文化修养 a man of letters文人 lore n.学问,知识;(有关某一学科的)全部知识 scholarship n.学术成就;学问,学识;奖学金 scholarly a.学者气质的;学者风度的

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教育 学校教育schooling 家庭教育upbringing; parenting 课程大纲curriculum 教学大纲syllabus 必修课required/compulsory courses, 选修课elective/optional courses 课外活动extra-curricular activities 社团活动club activities 志愿者服务volunteer service 社区工作community work 实习internship 学生会student union 男生/女生联谊会fraternity & sorority 校园生活school/campus life 学校是社会的缩影a school is society in miniature 文科liberal arts/ liberal studies 理科sciences 工科engineering 人文学科humanities 社会学科social science 艺术arts 学科subject/discipline 基础科学basic sciences 应用科学applied sciences 小学教育primary-level education; elementary education 中学教育secondary-level education 大学教育tertiary-level education; higher education 职业教育vocational education/training 接受教育enter/get access to schools/ education 学位degree (bachelor, master, doctor/PhD) 文凭diploma, 证书certificate 青少年teenagers/adolescents/the young generation/the youths 学生students (fresh man, sophomore, junior, senior) 上课attend classes 逃课skip class, be absent from class 老师/学生为中心的课堂teacher-centered/ student-centered/ classroom 有能力的/有资格的/有经验的/良好培训的老师 competent/qualified/experienced/well-trained teachers 无能力的/不够格的/欠经验的老师 incompetent/disqualified/inexperienced/poorly-trained teachers well-equipped/ well-appointed/ well-decorated classrooms 设施良好的/装修良好的教室先进的教学设施up-to-date teaching facilities

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托福写作——100个替换词汇 important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) common=universal, ubiquitous (if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) abundant=ample(enough and usually extra),plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) stick=adhere, cling (hold on something tightly) neglect=ignore。(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention。) near=adjacent(two things next to each other),adjoin(the same as adjacent) pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned),seek(if you seek sty, you try to obtain it FORMAL) accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details),exact(correct in every detail) vague=obscure (unknown or known by only a few people) top=peak, summit competitor=rival, opponent (especially in sports and politics) blame=condemn (if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable) opinion=perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way) fame=prestige(describe those who are admired),reputation build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL),establish insult=humiliate (do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid) complain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way) primary=radical (very important and great in degree),fundamental relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe) force=coerces into (coerce means you make someone do something she does not want to),compel enlarge=magnify (magnify means make something

托福写作满分词汇

写作词汇 i. Education类词汇Education: 1) 培养(某种素质)cultivate/ foster/ nurture(vts)促进学生身心发展promote the student‘s physical, mental ( 或者用intellectual) and emotional development 心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare(nouns) 学习能力(先天就有的)aptitude/talent 学习能力( 后天学习到的) ability/ skill 学生接受的学校教育( 名词)schooling(noun) 儿童接受的家庭教育(名词)upbringing(noun) 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do something 或者motivate (vt) the student to do something 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youths 2) 传授知识impart(vt)/inculcate(vt) knowledge 灌输高尚的道德观念instill(vt) high moral values (注以values 复数比试价值观) 给学生以灵感stimulate the students; thought 或者give the students inspiration 家长教育子女的方式(名词)parenting/ upbringing 教学法teaching methodology/ pedagogical methodology 适应(动词) adapt to do something/adjust oneself to do something/ become accustomed to do something 适应能力adaptability 学生对老师所教授的知识的掌握students‘ grasp/ command(nouns) of what has been taught 就业技能employable/ marketable skill 3) 限制创造力的发展extinguish(vt)/ stifle(vt)/ constrain(vt) creativity(noun) 打击学生的积极性dampen/sap(vts) the students‘ enthusiasm 或者frustrate the students 产生不必要的压力beget/ create undue pressure 塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one‘s character 责任感a sense of obligation 学生不应该只是被动的接收简单知识的容器student should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas. 死记硬背learn thing by rote. 4) 记忆方程式,公式,定理,定律memorize equations, formulas, theorems and laws(nouns) 应用apply (vt) 盲从follow something blindly/ indiscriminately(adv) 用填鸭式教学教育学生force-feed(vt) the students 为了记忆而记忆memorize for memorization‘ s own sake 5) 把学生分开教育(比如根据智力或者课堂上的表现) segregate(vt) students 来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure 逆境adverse circumstances /adversity 团队精神team spirit(noun) 独立思考think independently(adv) 6) 在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding 鼓励学生用辨证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv) 学生的反馈students‘ feedback 或者students‘ input 学生评价老师的教学students appraise / evaluate their teachers‘ performance 7) 学生学习的各门功课加在一起curriculum(noun) 具体的一门课的内容syllabus 课外活动 extra-curricular activity 学校是社会的缩影A school is society in miniature 不遵守纪律(名 词)indiscipline/ misbehavior/ mischief (nouns) 不遵守纪律的(形容词)学生disruptive/ unruly students 8) 理论知识theoretical knowledge 通才generalist 专才specialist 全面发展的well-rounded /versatile 为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being/ welfare (注意这里welfare 不是―福利‖的意思)

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