托福写作词汇必背大全

1)合理的：logical，rational, reasonable, sound, cerebral, intellectual

advisable

2)否认，拒绝，驳斥：contradict, dispute, refute, renounce, naysay,

gainsay, reject, repudiate, discredit, rebut, negate, dissent, protest, disprove，repudiate

3)轻视，贬抑：disdain, despise, reject, scorn, contempt, derogate,

disparage, depreciate

4)残忍的，野蛮的：ferocious, bloodthirsty, brutal, cruel, fierce, vicious,

wild, atrocious

5)邪恶的，有害的：sinister, diabolic, corrupt, forbidding, pernicious,

virulent, deleterious

6)节约的，谨慎的：frugal, prudent, saving, economical, sparing, thrifty,

abstemious, meticulous, wary, circumspect, cautious

7)浪费的：prodigal, extravagant, lavish, spendthrift, wasteful, squander

8)欺骗：deceive, beguile, dupe, hoax, bamboozle, cheat, delude,

hoodwink

9)后悔，哀叹: deplore, bemoan, regret, lament, dirge, bewail, repent

10)例外的，奇特的，罕见的：exceptional, stupendous, miraculous,

marvelous

11)取消，撤销，废除：repeal, nullify, abolish, quash, withdraw, abrogate

12)持久的：everlasting, perceptual, permanent, endurable, abiding,

eternal

13)短暂的: momentary, temporary, transient, ephemeral, evanescent,

provisional

14)相称的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate

15)妨碍，阻挠：filibuster, encumber, impede, hamper, hinder, stymie,

curb, obstruct

16)促进, 帮助：precipitate, accelerate, avail, advance, facilitate, hasten,

promote, quicken, foster, bolster

17)开始：initiate, embark on, inaugurate

18)提供：furnish, render, accommodate

19)废除：repeal, nullify, abolish, quash, withdraw, abrogate

20)加强，巩固：strengthen, enhance, reinforce, intensify, consolidate,

upgrade, heighten

21)激励：motivate, stimulate, inspire, encourage, provoke, arouse

22)固执的：headstrong, obstinate, stubborn, willful, firm, dogged,

adamant, tenacious

23)忠诚：fidelity, allegiance, attachment, devotion, faith, fealty, loyalty

24)精确，精准：accuracy, exactness, exactitude, precision

25)合适的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, felicitous

26)合理的：possible, rational, reasonable, feasible, practical, legitimate,

plausible

27)重要的：important, essential, significant, vital, imperative, necessary,

indispensable, paramount, crucial, primary, high-ranking, decisive

28)微不足道的：trivial, frivolous, measly, paltry, superficial, trifling,

worthless, venial, insignificant, unimportant, negligible

29)影响：affect, influence, impact, change, modify

30)教育：teach, educate, instruct, tutor, impart, instill

31)阐述，解释：explain, account for, clarify, demonstrate, illustrate,

illuminate, enlighten, explicate, expound, justify

32)声称：claim, mention, assert

33)假设：assume, suppose, hypothesize, speculate, surmise, postulate,

conjecture

34)有关的：related, connected, linked, relevant, correlated, interrelated,

associated，pertinent

35)有用的：useful, helpful, beneficial, positive, constructive, valuable,

effective, functional, rewarding, salutary

36)导致：lead to, cause, generate, engender, render, trigger, give rise to,

contribute to，result in

37)因为：result from, because, since, owing to, because of, since, for, on

account of, on ground of, be attributed to

38)举例：for example, for instance, as a case in point, to be specific,

imagine, suppose

39)强调：stress, emphasize, highlight, underline, underscore, insist

40)解决，处理：deal with, solve, resolve, crack, tackle, unravel,

surmount, overcome, address, decipher, figure out

41)获得，得到：get, receive, obtain, acquire, harvest, attain

42)认为：think，deem, reckon, embrace the idea that, believe, suppose

43)给予：give, impart, bestow, offer, provide

44)成功：succeed, achieve, accomplish, prosper, thrive

45)勤奋的：hard-working, diligent, industrious, assiduous, productive

46)令人信服的：convincing, persuasive, compelling, captivating,

enthralling, forceful, powerful

47)创新的：creative, innovative, original, imaginative, inventive,

resourceful, ingenious, productive

48)传统的：conventional, formulaic, orthodox

49)削弱，损害：undermine, founder, destabilize, demoralize, weaken,

challenge, deteriorate, degrade, emasculate, enervate, devitalize, exacerbate

50)可得到的：available, accessible, obtainable

51)理解：understand, comprehend, grasp, apprehend, recognize, realize,

be aware of

52)独有的：distinct, characteristic, unique, typical

53)不同的：difference, diverse, separate, discrete

54)可疑的：doubtful, implausible, dubious

55)替代：supplant, replace, swap, substitute, take the place of

56)证明：vindicate, justify, exonerate, support, defend, exculpate,

substantiate, corroborate

57)虚假的，错误的：spurious, fallacious, flawed, specious, forged

58)使困惑：perplex, confuse, mystify, puzzle, confound, baffle, bewilder

59)支持：support, espouse, bolster up, prop up, endorse, favor,

champion

60)缓解，缓和：release, alleviate, mitigate, moderate, lessen, pacify,

assuage, mollify

61)实施：implement, execute, carry out

62)利用：utilize, make use of, avail, employ, exploit, manipulate

63)明显的：obvious, conspicuous, noticeable, prominent, striking,

apparent, evident, seeming

64)无处不在的：pervasive, widespread, ubiquitous, prevalent, abundant

65)挑战，质疑：challenge, defy, question, dispute, take issue with

66)熟练的：adept, skillful, adroit, proficient

67)激增：multiply, propagate, proliferate, burgeon, magnify, enlarge,

reproduce, mushroom

68)传播：promulgate, broadcast, circulate, spread, propagandize

69)共识：consensus, agreement, concord

70)难理解的：impenetrable, obscure, incomprehensible, indistinct,

shadowy

71)暗示：suggest, hint, allude, imply, infer, indicate

72)有声誉的：renowned, famous, distinguished, prominent, eminent,

acclaimed

73)乐观的：sanguine, hopeful, buoyant, optimistic

74)合作：cooperate, collaborate, conjoin, ally

75)评估：estimate, approximate, calculate, reckon

76)承受：endure, resist, withstand, undergo, maintain, tolerate, sustain,

put up with

77)相同的：same, identical, congruent, parallel

78)根除：get rid of, eradicate, exterminate, eliminate

79)昂贵的：expensive, costly, luxurious, prohibitive

80)对手：rival, opponent, adversary

81)坚定的：steadfast, unshakable, unswerving, invariable

82)优于：advantageous, superior, beneficial, profitable, gainful

83)引起争议的：contentious, disputable, controversial

84)世界性的：cosmopolitan, universal, worldwide

85)拖拉的：laggard, draggy, dilatory

86)灾难性的：disastrous, catastrophic, fatal

综合写作：

针对以上信息总结积累综合写作常用表达

(1)关联词

表示转折与对比：

however/ instead/ on the contrary/ in contrast with/ nevertheless/ rather than/ by contrast/ on the other hand

表示强调：

remember that/ and most important is that/ a major development is that/ the basic concept here is/ the important idea is

表示例证：

for example/ for instance/ A is an example of B/ namely/ to give a specific example

in addition/ further more/ in the same manner/ another reason is/ that brings us to/ what I want to talk about is that

发表意见：

according to / personally/ in my opinion

下结论：

all in all/ in sum/ in conclusion/ in consequence/ consequently/ finally/ therefore

（2）反驳关系的常用表述

动词类：refute\ challenge\ doubt\ deny\ rebut\ counter\ cast doubt on\ contradict\ oppose\ object to\ disagree with\ disapprove of

形容词短语类：be contradictory\ conflicting\ opposing\ contrary\ opposite to\ different from

副词短语类：in contrast\ conversely\ however\ actually\ in fact\ indeed

连词类：while\ whereas

（3）针对材料的具体表达词汇

1)合理的：logical，rational, reasonable, sound, cerebral, intellectual, advisable

2)否认，拒绝，驳斥：contradict, dispute, refute, renounce, naysay, gainsay, reject, repudiate, discredit, rebut, negate, dissent, protest, disprove

3)邪恶的，有害的：sinister, diabolic, corrupt, forbidding, pernicious, virulent, deleterious

4)妨碍，阻挠：filibuster, encumber, impede, hamper, hinder, stymie, curb, obstruct

5)促进, 帮助：precipitate, accelerate, avail, advance, facilitate, hasten, promote, quicken, foster

6)加强，巩固：strengthen, enhance, reinforce, intensify, consolidate, upgrade, heighten

7)合适的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, felicitous

8)合理的：possible, rational, reasonable, feasible, practical, legitimate, plausible

9)阐述，解释：explain, account for, clarify, demonstrate, illustrate, illuminate, enlighten, explicate, expound, justify

10)声称：claim, mention, assert

11)假设：assume, suppose, hypothesize, speculate, surmise, postulate, conjecture

，12)有关的：related, connected, linked, relevant, correlated, interrelated, associated pertinent

13)有用的：useful, helpful, beneficial, positive, constructive, valuable, effective, functional, rewarding, salutary

，14)导致：lead to, cause, generate, engender, render, trigger, give rise to, contribute to

15)因为：result from, because, since, owing to, because of, since, for, on account of, on ground of, be attributed to

16)解决，处理：deal with, solve, resolve, crack, tackle, unravel, surmount, overcome, address, decipher, figure out

17)认为：think，deem, reckon, embrace the idea that, believe, suppose

18)令人信服的：convincing, persuasive, compelling, captivating, enthralling, forceful, powerful

19)削弱，损害：undermine, founder, destabilize, demoralize, weaken, challenge, deteriorate, degrade, emasculate, enervate, devitalize, exacerbate

20)不同的：difference, diverse, separate, discrete

21)可疑的：doubtful, implausible, dubious

22)证明：vindicate, justify, exonerate, support, defend, exculpate, substantiate, corroborate

23)虚假的，错误的：spurious, fallacious, flawed, specious, forged

24)支持：support, espouse, bolster up, prop up, endorse, favor, champion

25)利用：utilize, make use of, avail, employ, exploit

26)挑战，质疑：challenge, defy, question, dispute, take issue with

27)引起争议的：contentious, disputable, controversial

28)灾难性的：disastrous, catastrophic, fatal

Working in a less intellectually challenging working environment, employees will be complacent and stall, thus losing their competitive edge in the long run.