非谓语动词考点及易错点

非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点

一?非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：

1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况，那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。

2.看符号：中间有个逗号，末尾有个句号（有时中间没有逗号）；

3.看有没有连接词（引导词）。如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话，一部分是句子时，那么另一部分就一定是非句子，而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。

4.定语态：如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的主谓关系，那么答案一般用

Ving形式；如果本句的主语（或动词自带的逻辑主语）与它是逻辑上的动宾关系（被动关系），那么答案

一般用v-ed形式。

5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先（或先很久）发生，那么非谓语动词要用完成式（to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done），否则我们要用非谓语的一般式（to do / to be done / doing / being done / done）。

Eg.

1.___________ f or an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.

A. Bei ng scolded

B. Havi ng bee n scolded

C. To be scolded

D. Scoldi ng 【1 答案：B 】

二.非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：

一）?使用非谓动词的语言结构。

1）在“短语，and/or +句子”的并列句结构中，可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句，四个答案表面上像非谓语，其实考查的是谓语。

2.______ hard and you will succeed in the exam.

3.______ hard or you will fail in the exam.

A. Study

B. To study

C. Studying

D. Studied 【2、3 答案：A A 】

2）在“句子，短语”结构中，短语部分用非谓语：

4.The teacher devoted his life to his career, __________ most of his stude nts successful in study.

A. make

B. to make

C. making

D. made 【4 答案：C】

3）在“短语，句子”结构中，短语部分用非谓语：

5.___________ w ith childre n, I know what is n eeded most.

A. Working

B. Having worked

C. Worked

D. To work 【5 答案：B 】

4）在“ with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：

6.With her baby ____________on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man 'house.

A. sleep

B. slept

C. to sleep

D. sleepi ng 【6 答案：D】

7.With his hair __________ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.

A. cut

B. to be cut

C. cutting

D. to cut 【7 答案：B】

5）在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使役动词或感官动词后面作宾语补足语时，也可能用非谓语动词。

8.He made his sister __________ by tak ing away her toy.

9.His sister was made ____________ by his tak ing away her toy.

A. cry

B. to cry

C. crying

D. cried 【& 9 答案： A B 】

10.The policeman found the thief ___________ h is hand into an old man ' pocket and arrested him.

A. put

B. putting

C. to put

D. being put 【10 答案：B】

二）.非谓语动词考点易错点：

1）表面上考分词，实际上考形容词的情况：

11. _________ , he fell asleep quickly.

A. Tire

B. Tiring

C. Tired

D. To tire 【11 答案：C】

12.The man won a big prize, ________________ a nd ____________ .

A. surprised ; happy

B. surpris ing ; happy

C. surprised ; pleasa nt

D. surpris ing ; pleased 【12 答案： A 】

13. _________ i n thought of the problems, the man didn 'realize his girlfriend ' coming in.

A. Losing

B. Lost

C. To lose

D. Having lost 【13 答案：B 】

14.The stude nts ___________ in art can sig n in the form and be a member of our school.

A. interest

B. interesting

C. interested

D. To interest 【14 答案：C】

2）在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：

15.___________ a white skirt, the girl looks like a an gel.

A. Worn

B. wear

C. dressed in

D. dressing 【15 答案：C】

（wear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时，后面要接人而不加衣服之类的词；be dressed in是固定搭配，

其中的dressed已经演变成形容词，本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而来

的。）

16._________ in a armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.

A. Sit

B. Sat

C. Seating

D. Seated 【16 答案：D 】

（Sit是动词，应该用sitting形式；seat作及物动词时，其后要接表人的反身代词，否则用过去分。）

3）在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：

17._________ tired and weak, the woma n should have a day off to see a doctor.

A. Look

B. Looking

C. Looked

D. Looking 【17 答案：D 】

（look在本题中不是实意动词，而是感观系动词，系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动。）

18.With many problems __________________________ , the n ewly selected preside nt will have a hard time.

A. rema in; un settled

B. rema ining; un settled

C. remained; unsettling

D. remained; unsettling 【18 答案： B 】

（用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语，不是句子，因此用非谓语，而remain表示“仍然；仍

然是”时是系动词，只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系，所以用过去分词

un settled.）

19.Havi ng some clothes _________________ , I cannot join you to see the film.

A. to wash

B. to be washed

C. washed D . washing 【19 答案： A 】

（宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗，但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时，我们用主动形式表被动。）

20._________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.

A. To write

B. Writing

C. being written

D. Written 【20 答案：B】

{20解析：动词如果不是表示动作，而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时，往往用主动形式表示被动。}

4）从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：

逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致，有时逻辑主语不一致。逻辑主语不一致时，非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语，这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。”

21.___________ from this an gle, the moun tai n looks like a face of a man.

A. To see

B. Seeing

C. Seen

D. Saw 【21 答案：C】

{21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语，那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语，由于

the mountain与see是动宾关系，所以我们选用过去分词。}

22.________ , I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 【22 答案：C】

A. Time permits

B. If time permitting

C. Time permitting

D. Time's permitting

{22解析：permit与I没有主谓关系，也没有动宾关系，permit自带了逻辑主语time（时间允许的

话”），而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用现在分词的独立结构。}

三）注意的几点：

1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。

23.___________ en emy, Liu Hu nan was very brave. 【23 答案 C 】

24.___________ with difficulties, we should not give in. 【24 答案B】

A. To face

B. Faced

C. Fac ing

D. face

{23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词，由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系，我们用现在分词形式，；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配，其中的faced看成形容词。}

25.The preside nt of South Africa flied to Libya, _________ to help solve the crisis.

26.The preside nt of South Africa flied to Libya, _________ at helpi ng solve the crisis.

A. aim

B. aiming

C. aimed

D. to aim 【25 选 B 26 选C】

{25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.（旨在做某事），；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. （旨在做某事）其中的aimed看成形容词}

27.Though ___________ mon ey, his pare nts sent him to a key uni versity.

28.Though ___________ in mon ey, his pare nts sent him to a key uni versity.

29.Though in ________ of mon ey, his pare nts sent him to a key uni versity.

A. lack

B. lacking

C. lacked

D. to lack 【27 选B、28 选B、29 选A】

{27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking （与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系

和动宾关系）；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in（缺少”，其中的lacking为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配（介宾结构）in lack of（缺少”，其中的lack是名词，这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的}

2）作结果状语时，doing与（only）to do的区别。

表示结果状语时，现在分词（v+ing ）表示意料之中的结果；而不定式（to do/ only to do ）表示意料

之外的结果：

30.His pare nts were killed in the accide nt,（thus ） _______ him an orpha n.

A. leave

B. leaving

C. left

D. to leave 【30 选B】

{ 30解析：他父母出了事故，他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了，用现在分词表结果状语。}

31.1 hurried to school, only ___________that it was Sunday. 【31 选D】

A. find

B. fin di ng

C. fou nd

D. to find

{ 31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果，说明我忘记了，如果我知道是星期天

就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了。用不定式表意料之外的的结果。}

3）作主语时，非谓语动词之to do与doing的区别。

32.___________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 【32 选 B 】

A. The walk

B. Walki ng

C. To walk

D. Walk

{不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作；动句词表示一般的经常性的动作，多次散步才会有利于健

康。}

4）演变成了介词或连词的分词。

英语中有些词表面上看是分词，但实际上已经变成了介词，因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变

得约定俗成了。这时往往不适用非谓动词规则，而是看英美人士的习惯。

33. _____________ her age, she looks quite young .

A. Consider

B. Considered

C. To consider

D. Considering

{33解析：题意是："就她的年龄而论，她显得十分年轻。"这里的considering表示"考虑到；鉴于"，

它已经变成了介词，不管是“考虑还是被考虑"这里都用con sideri ng。}

5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的，有些则不是。

34.______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 【34 选B】

A. Be scolded

B. Scolded

C. Scoldi ng

D. To scold

{34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系，因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的

原因状语从句省略来的。原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从

复合句的主语一致，且谓语动词里有be动词时，可以把连词+主语+be”部分省略。}

35._______________ t he stars for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 【35 选B】

A. Study ing

B. Having studied

C. Having bee n studied

D. To study

{35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来，由于he与study是逻辑上的主谓关系，加上study在先（有

5年了），被叫做“专家”在后，所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式}

6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。

36.if ___________ another hour, I would have finished it better.（give 的恰当形式填空）。

37.While ____________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.（do 的恰当形式填空）

{6、37解析：36.given 是由if I had been given another hour省略来的，if在省略前省略后都是连词；

37.doing 是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的，while在省略前后都是连词}

38.After ____________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.（graduate 的恰当形式填空）

39.Before ___________ a proper person to be the new preside nt, the old preside nt would n 'tresig n.（select 的恰当形式填空）

{38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词，所以后面总是用动名词， 如果改为after he graduated ，那么这个after 就变成了连词。39题中的before 用法与after 一样，后面加句子时，是连 词，后面只加一个动词时，要用动名词形式，并充当介词。所以 39填selecting }

非谓语动词专练

1. While watch ing televisio n, ____________ .

A. the doorbell rang

B. we heard the doorbell ring

C. there was some one kn ock ing at the door

D. we heard the doorbell rung

2. China is known __________greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.

A. to cha nge

B. havi ng cha nged

C. cha nging

D. to have cha nged

3. I ' m afraid we ' ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems .

A. remai ning to settle

B. remai ning to be settled

C. remai ned to talk about

D. to rema in to discuss

4. We tried hard, and even tually, we were able to get Mike ________________ us his car just for a day.

A. le nding

B. le nd

C. to lend

D. le nt

5. The local government is trying all out to find out who is ______________ the forest fire .

A. to blame for starti ng B to blame to start

C. to be blamed for starti ng

D. to be blamed to start

6. The railway bridge _____________ by the end of next year will provide a faster route to transport goods

A. complete

B. to complete

C. to be completed

D. completed

7. All the class except Eddie, who is ill, _________ there .

A . were expecting going

B . is expected to go

C . was expecting going

D . are expected to go

8. The Haiti earthquake at the begi nning of 2010 is believed ______________ more tha n 100,0130 people and makes

millions homeless, __________ it perhaps the ? most destroying earthquake in history.

A. to kill; maki ng

B. to have killed; mak ing

C. hav ing killed; to make

D. killi ng; made

9. I only know we will have a League meeti ng, but I have no idea whe n _________________ i t .

A. shall we have

B. will we have

C. to have

D. havi ng

10. — What are you busy with?

—The conference__— _________ in our city next week, as you know.

A. held

B. will be held

C. be holdi ng

D. to be held

11. An air France jet is reported ________________ in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 people aboard, the airline

w/oiast disaster in its 75-year history .

A. to have crashed

B. to have been crashed

C. having crashed

D. having been crashed

12. Her husba nd and she are now at work on a new dict ionary ___________ — ____ n ext year.

A. to publish

B. being published

C. published

D. to be published

13. The 2010 World Expo ________________ in Shan ghai is expected to attract more tha n 70 millio n visitors from home

and abroad.

A. to hold

B. to be held

C. held

D. to be holdi ng

14. When the teleph one ran g, I happe ned _________ __in the kitche n, but whe n I came over to get it, it rang off.

A. to cook

B. to have cooked

C. to be cook ing

D. havi ng cooked

15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w ith the host family.

— ____ real local life.

A. Experie ncing

B. Experie nee

C. To experie nee 16. — Why do you want the radio so much?

— ___________ to the latest n ews on intern ati onal affairs, sir.

A. Liste ning

B. Liste ns

C. Liste ned 17. The gover nment has done everyth ing it can _________ the buried min ers.

A. to save

B. sav ing

C. save

D. saved

18 ____________ people have food and water, the gover nment has sent eno ugh supplies to quake-hit Yushu.

A. Make sure

B. To make sure

C. Maki ng sure

D. Made sure

19. Our teachers often tell us, “ the harder you study, the more questions you will think of .

A. ask ing

B. to ask

C. being asked

D. to be asked

20. To greatly raise people livi ng cohcHti ons, ___________ . D. Having experie need

D. To listen